A three-phase smart energy meter

Abstract

This invention proposes a three-phase smart energy meter, which includes a power management module, a channel sampling module, an edge decision module, a converged communication module, and an interactive execution module. The electrical signal output terminal of the power management module is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the channel sampling module, the edge decision module, the converged communication module, and the interactive execution module, respectively. The electrical signal output terminal of the channel sampling module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module. The electrical signal output terminal of the converged communication module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the interactive execution module. The electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module is also connected to the electrical signal output terminal of the interactive execution module. This invention can improve the reliability and intelligence of the three-phase smart energy meter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model proposes a three-phase smart energy meter, which belongs to the field of energy meters. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional three-phase smart meters generally employ a simple AC / DC conversion and a single backup battery solution for power management. This cannot reliably support the operational needs of instantaneous high-power loads such as 4G / 5G communication and relay control, resulting in insufficient system power supply reliability. In terms of signal acquisition and processing, traditional sensors have limited accuracy, and the metering chip's processing power is insufficient, making it difficult to accurately analyze and extract complex load characteristic waveforms and harmonic components. Regarding core processing capabilities, the traditional architecture relies on a simple combination of a metering chip and a main control MCU. The computing power bottleneck prevents the device from completing intelligent analysis tasks such as load identification and fault diagnosis locally, heavily relying on cloud processing, which increases the communication burden and affects real-time performance. The communication system hardware also has significant defects; the single communication module design lacks redundancy and is prone to communication interruptions in complex power environments. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this utility model proposes a three-phase smart energy meter, the technical features of which are as follows:

[0004] Preferably, the three-phase smart energy meter includes a power management module, a channel sampling module, an edge decision module, a converged communication module, and an interactive execution module. The electrical signal output terminal of the power management module is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the channel sampling module, the edge decision module, the converged communication module, and the interactive execution module, respectively. The electrical signal output terminal of the channel sampling module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module. The electrical signal output terminal of the converged communication module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the interactive execution module. The electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module is also connected to the electrical signal output terminal of the interactive execution module.

[0005] Preferably, the power management module includes an AC / DC converter, a power path management chip, a backup power supply, and a PMIC unit. The electrical signal input terminal of the AC / DC converter is the electrical signal input terminal of the power management module. The electrical signal output terminals of the AC / DC converter and the backup power supply are connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the power path management chip. The electrical signal output terminal of the power path management chip is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the PMIC unit. The electrical signal output terminal of the PMIC unit is the electrical signal output terminal of the power management module.

[0006] Preferably, the channel sampling module includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and an energy metering chip. The electrical signal input terminals of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are the electrical signal output terminals of the channel sampling module. The electrical signal output terminals of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the energy metering chip. The electrical signal output terminals of the energy metering chip are the electrical signal output terminals of the channel sampling module.

[0007] Preferably, the edge decision module includes a main control MCU, an NPU, and a memory. The electrical signal input terminal of the main control MCU is the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The main control MCU is bidirectionally connected to the NPU and the memory. The electrical signal output terminal of the main control MCU is the electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module.

[0008] Preferably, the converged communication module includes a main communication module, a backup communication module, a communication switching switch, a local wireless interface, and a security chip. The electrical signal input terminal of the communication switching switch is the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module, and the electrical signal output terminal of the communication switching switch is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the main communication module, the backup communication module, the local wireless interface, and the security chip, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the interactive execution module includes a display module, a button module, and a relay. The electrical signal input terminals of the display module and the relay are the electrical signal input terminals of the interactive execution module, and the electrical signal output terminals of the button module, the display module, and the relay are the electrical signal output terminals of the interactive execution module.

[0010] Preferably, the backup power supply includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor connected in parallel therewith, and is connected to a battery management chip.

[0011] Preferably, the button module includes touch keys and physical buttons.

[0012] Preferably, the display module includes an LED liquid crystal display screen and multi-color LED indicator lights.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By dividing the device into five core modules with clearly defined functions and working collaboratively, this utility model achieves optimized integration and intensive management of hardware resources, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional electricity meters with their single function and cluttered components. The introduction of an edge decision module, especially the NPU unit, endows the electricity meter with true local processing capabilities, achieving a qualitative leap from simple metering to intelligent analysis. It can proactively identify loads and diagnose faults without relying entirely on the backend master station. The converged communication module, through primary and backup communication channels and an automatic switching mechanism, effectively solves the problem of disconnection caused by signal blind spots and network congestion in single communication methods, ensuring the continuous smooth flow of data upload channels. Because the data is deeply processed at the edge, the uploaded data is no longer raw traffic data, but refined information with clear meaning. The efficient design and intelligent power consumption management of the power management module significantly reduce the device's own energy consumption and ensure continuous operation during grid anomalies. The entire device forms a closed loop from power supply, sampling, calculation, communication to execution. Each module performs its own function and works closely together, making the electricity meter no longer an isolated measuring instrument, but a smart grid node that is self-adaptive, decision-making, and highly reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall device.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power management module;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the channel sampling module;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an edge decision-making module;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a converged communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and "vertical" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "multiple", "multiple groups", and "multiple roots" mean two or more.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, instruments and methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional materials, instruments and methods in the art and can be obtained through commercial channels.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] The three-phase smart energy meter includes a power management module (such as...). Figure 2 As shown), channel sampling module (such as Figure 3 As shown), edge decision-making modules (such as...) Figure 4 As shown), converged communication module (such as Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the power management module's electrical signal output terminal is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the channel sampling module, edge decision module, converged communication module, and interactive execution module, respectively. The electrical signal output terminal of the channel sampling module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module. The electrical signal output terminal of the converged communication module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the interactive execution module. The electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module is also connected to the electrical signal output terminal of the interactive execution module. Figure 1 As shown.

[0026] The working principle and technical effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The power management module, as the energy source of the system, converts external AC power into stable DC power required by each module within the system, achieving safe, stable, and efficient power supply for the entire system. Through the voltage and current sensors of the channel sampling module, the voltage and current values ​​of the three-phase power grid are synchronously, accurately, and continuously sampled in real time to obtain the most basic electrical data. The raw sampled data is sent to the edge decision module in real time. The main control MCU is responsible for basic power metering and logic control, while the NPU is specifically responsible for running preset feature recognition methods, such as comparing existing data size and range, to identify load types and fault characteristics. Decision results and information are reported to the remote master station system through the converged communication module. This module supports multiple communication methods and can automatically switch according to network conditions, ensuring high reliability and flexibility of data upload. Simultaneously, decision commands are sent to the interactive execution module. On the one hand, rich power consumption information is displayed to the user through the screen and indicator lights; on the other hand, operations such as remote on / off switching and load adjustment can be performed by controlling relays. Users can interact with the meter via local buttons or a touchscreen, and these operation signals are fed back to the edge decision module. This enables the system to respond to local user commands, forming a complete closed-loop control system of perception, decision-making, execution, and feedback, achieving a leap from passive metering to proactive management.

[0027] This invention optimizes and centralizes hardware resources by dividing the device into five functionally distinct and collaborative core modules, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional meters with their single function and cluttered components. The introduction of an edge decision-making module, particularly the NPU unit, endows the meter with true local processing capabilities, achieving a qualitative leap from simple metering to intelligent analysis. It can proactively identify loads and diagnose faults without relying entirely on the backend master station. The integrated communication module, through primary and backup communication channels and an automatic switching mechanism, effectively solves the problem of disconnection caused by signal blind spots and network congestion in single communication methods, ensuring uninterrupted data upload. Because data is deeply processed at the edge, the uploaded data is no longer raw flow data, but refined information with clear meaning. The efficient design and intelligent power consumption management of the power management module significantly reduce the device's own energy consumption and ensure continuous operation during grid anomalies. The entire device forms a closed loop from power supply, sampling, calculation, communication to execution. Each module performs its specific function while working closely together, transforming the meter from an isolated metering instrument into an adaptive, decision-making, and highly reliable smart grid node.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The power management module includes an AC / DC converter, a power path management chip, a backup power supply, and a PMIC unit. The electrical signal input terminal of the AC / DC converter is the electrical signal input terminal of the power management module. The electrical signal output terminals of the AC / DC converter and the backup power supply are connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the power path management chip. The electrical signal output terminal of the power path management chip is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the PMIC unit. The electrical signal output terminal of the PMIC unit is the electrical signal output terminal of the power management module.

[0030] The channel sampling module includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and an energy metering chip. The electrical signal input terminals of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are the electrical signal output terminals of the channel sampling module. The electrical signal output terminals of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the energy metering chip. The electrical signal output terminals of the energy metering chip are the electrical signal output terminals of the channel sampling module.

[0031] The edge decision module includes a main control MCU, an NPU, and a memory. The electrical signal input terminal of the main control MCU is also the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The main control MCU is bidirectionally connected to the NPU and the memory. The electrical signal output terminal of the main control MCU is also the electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module.

[0032] The converged communication module includes a main communication module, a backup communication module, a communication switching switch, a local wireless interface, and a security chip. The electrical signal input terminal of the communication switching switch is the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module, and the electrical signal output terminal of the communication switching switch is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the main communication module, the backup communication module, the local wireless interface, and the security chip, respectively.

[0033] The interactive execution module includes a display module, a button module, and a relay. The electrical signal input terminals of the display module and the relay are the electrical signal input terminals of the interactive execution module, and the electrical signal output terminals of the button module, the display module, and the relay are the electrical signal output terminals of the interactive execution module.

[0034] The backup power source includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor connected in parallel, and is connected to a battery management chip.

[0035] The button module includes touch keys and physical buttons.

[0036] The display module includes an LED LCD screen and multi-color LED indicator lights.

[0037] The working principle and technical effect of the above technical solution are as follows: the AC / DC converter converts the input alternating current into direct current.

[0038] The power path management chip continuously compares the status of the main power supply and the backup power supply. Under normal circumstances, the main power supply is used first, and the composite backup power supply consisting of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors is charged. When a main power interruption is detected, it automatically switches to the backup power supply within microseconds, achieving seamless connection. The PMIC unit receives the primary DC power from the path management chip, performs secondary precise conversion and voltage regulation, and generates multiple stable, low-noise DC voltages (such as +3.3V, +1.2V, etc.), which power the chips and devices of all other modules through the PCB power network. Voltage and current sensors directly couple voltage and current signals from the three-phase power line, converting them into proportionally reduced, safe low-voltage signals. These weak analog signals are directly fed into the high-precision ADC (analog-to-digital converter) input of the energy metering chip. The metering chip synchronously samples and digitizes them at an extremely high sampling rate, and performs instantaneous multiplication and accumulation through an internal dedicated DSP core to calculate accurate energy values ​​and parameters such as power and power factor. The main control MCU acts as the central scheduling center, receiving standard power data from the metering chip and executing tasks such as device management, communication protocols, and logical judgments. Simultaneously, the MCU schedules tasks requiring complex calculations (such as load characteristic waveforms and harmonic analysis) to the NPU. Leveraging its parallel computing architecture, the NPU processes this massive amount of data at high speed, quickly completing intelligent identification. The memory provides space for the MCU and NPU to cache running code and data, and stores key device parameters and historical events.

[0039] Data from the edge decision module is routed to a designated communication channel via a communication switch. The main MCU controls this switch to automatically switch between the main and backup communication modules, ensuring link continuity. All data interactions with external systems are encrypted or decrypted via a security chip to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data transmission. The local wireless interface provides a near-field communication channel with the mobile devices of maintenance personnel.

[0040] The display module (LCD and LED indicators), driven by the MCU, intuitively presents system status, power information, alarm information, etc., to the user. The button module (touch keys and physical buttons) converts the user's physical operations into electrical signals and transmits them to the MCU. The relay, as a high-voltage control switch, receives low-voltage control signals from the MCU and directly drives its coil, thereby connecting or disconnecting large-diameter power lines, enabling remote adjustment and management of the user's load.

[0041] Employing a composite backup power supply combined with an intelligent power path management chip, different power outage scenarios are achieved. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries provide long-lasting operation, while supercapacitors handle instantaneous high-current pulses (such as 4G module transmission or relay activation). The complementary strengths of both resolve the power and energy contradictions inherent in single-battery systems, significantly improving the device's survivability and data security during grid failures. End-to-end hardware optimization from sensors to metering chips minimizes signal attenuation and external interference. The metering chip's dedicated high-precision ADC and DSP cores ensure data accuracy from the source, maintaining extremely high accuracy across the entire temperature and load range.

[0042] The heterogeneous computing architecture of the main control MCU and NPU is a core hardware innovation. It separates general-purpose tasks from AI-specific tasks, with the NPU hardware accelerating complex identification and diagnostic algorithms. This enables advanced functions such as load identification and fault warning to be completed locally and in real-time, eliminating reliance on the cloud, resulting in faster response and better privacy. The hardware integrates multiple communication modules and is equipped with a switching switch, forming physical redundancy. When any communication channel fails due to external reasons, the system can automatically and quickly switch to the backup channel, ensuring high reliability of data uploads and meeting the stringent requirement of zero loss of critical data. The hardware integrates various interactive elements, balancing the modern touch key experience with the reliability of traditional physical buttons. The introduction of relays gives the meter direct load control capabilities, upgrading it from a passive metering instrument to an active power grid management terminal.

[0043] By using a PMIC unit for unified and refined power management, power noise interference between different circuit modules is reduced, thus improving system stability. Each module has a clearly defined function and is connected via standard electrical signal interfaces, resulting in a clear hardware layout, strong anti-interference capabilities, and a significantly extended overall mean time between failures (MTBF).

[0044] All data storage, data analysis, and control methods involved in the power management module, channel sampling module, edge decision module, converged communication module, and interactive execution module of this utility model are existing technologies in the field. This utility model does not improve any software programs or methods. This utility model only designs the hardware structure of the power management module, channel sampling module, edge decision module, converged communication module, and interactive execution module. The methods or software programs involved in the hardware structure to realize the effects or functions of the power management module, channel sampling module, edge decision module, converged communication module, and interactive execution module are all based on existing methods or software program design books, manuals, or product manuals by those skilled in the art, combined with the functions involved in the principles and effects of this utility model, and can be implemented by independent programming.

[0045] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A three-phase smart energy meter, characterized in that, The three-phase smart energy meter includes a power management module, a channel sampling module, an edge decision module, a converged communication module, and an interactive execution module. The electrical signal output terminal of the power management module is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the channel sampling module, the edge decision module, the converged communication module, and the interactive execution module, respectively. The electrical signal output terminal of the channel sampling module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module. The electrical signal output terminal of the converged communication module is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the interactive execution module. The electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module is also connected to the electrical signal output terminal of the interactive execution module.

2. The three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes an AC / DC converter, a power path management chip, a backup power supply, and a PMIC unit. The electrical signal input terminal of the AC / DC converter is the electrical signal input terminal of the power management module. The electrical signal output terminals of the AC / DC converter and the backup power supply are connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the power path management chip. The electrical signal output terminal of the power path management chip is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the PMIC unit. The electrical signal output terminal of the PMIC unit is the electrical signal output terminal of the power management module.

3. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The channel sampling module includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and an energy metering chip. The electrical signal input terminals of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are the electrical signal output terminals of the channel sampling module. The electrical signal output terminals of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the energy metering chip. The electrical signal output terminals of the energy metering chip are the electrical signal output terminals of the channel sampling module.

4. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge decision module includes a main control MCU, an NPU, and a memory. The electrical signal input terminal of the main control MCU is also the electrical signal input terminal of the edge decision module. The main control MCU is bidirectionally connected to the NPU and the memory. The electrical signal output terminal of the main control MCU is also the electrical signal output terminal of the edge decision module.

5. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The converged communication module includes a main communication module, a backup communication module, a communication switching switch, a local wireless interface, and a security chip. The electrical signal input terminal of the communication switching switch is the electrical signal input terminal of the converged communication module, and the electrical signal output terminal of the communication switching switch is connected to the electrical signal input terminals of the main communication module, the backup communication module, the local wireless interface, and the security chip, respectively.

6. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interactive execution module includes a display module, a button module, and a relay. The electrical signal input terminals of the display module and the relay are the electrical signal input terminals of the interactive execution module, and the electrical signal output terminals of the button module, the display module, and the relay are the electrical signal output terminals of the interactive execution module.

7. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The backup power source includes a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor connected in parallel, and is connected to a battery management chip.

8. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The button module includes touch keys and physical buttons.

9. A three-phase smart energy meter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The display module includes an LED LCD screen and multi-color LED indicator lights.

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