Forced vibration quantitative measuring device

Abstract

This utility model provides a quantitative measurement device for forced vibration, comprising an iron frame, a crank, a connecting rod, a connecting plate, a reciprocating rod, a limiting sleeve, a motor, a DC regulated power supply, a DC resistance box, a spring, an oscillator, a glass cylinder, and a damping fluid. This application can not only intuitively demonstrate the phenomenon of forced vibration, but also quantitatively present the changing laws of physical quantities such as displacement, frequency, and amplitude in forced vibration through various variables (such as: adjustment of driving force frequency, replacement of damping medium, and change of oscillator mass), which helps to deeply explore the essence of forced vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of quantitative measurement of oscillator vibration, and in particular to a device for quantitative measurement of forced vibration. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing forced vibration demonstration devices can only qualitatively demonstrate the phenomenon of forced vibration (such as the correlation between the frequency and the driving force frequency after the vibration stabilizes). They cannot accurately and quantitatively measure the changes of physical quantities such as displacement, velocity, and acceleration over time during the vibration process, or the quantitative influence of factors such as driving force frequency and damping on forced vibration. This makes it difficult to deeply analyze the essential laws of forced vibration. Moreover, the variable control is singular, often only changing the driving force frequency. It cannot simultaneously and conveniently explore the comprehensive influence of multiple physical quantities such as driving force frequency, oscillator mass, damping medium (such as water, silicone oil of different viscosities, etc., corresponding to different damping forces), and spring stiffness coefficient (corresponding to different natural frequencies) on the amplitude, phase, resonance, and other characteristics of forced vibration. This is not conducive to a deep understanding of the complex relationships between various physical quantities in forced vibration. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a device for quantitative measurement of forced vibration.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0007] A device for quantitative measurement of forced vibration includes an iron frame, a crank, a connecting rod, a connecting plate, a reciprocating rod, a limiting sleeve, a motor, a DC regulated power supply, a DC resistance box, a spring, an oscillator, a glass cylinder, and a damping fluid.

[0008] The glass cylinder is filled with damping fluid;

[0009] The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the iron frame and is positioned directly above the glass cylinder;

[0010] The limiting sleeve is installed on the surface of the connecting plate;

[0011] The reciprocating rod is sleeved in the limiting sleeve, and one bottom end of the reciprocating rod is connected to the vibrator through the spring. The top end of the reciprocating rod is rotatably connected to the connecting rod and the crank in sequence.

[0012] The end of the crank away from the connecting rod is connected to the motor;

[0013] The DC regulated power supply is used to provide electrical power to the motor;

[0014] The DC resistor box is connected to the DC regulated power supply and the motor in the connection line, and is used to control the motor output.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a benchtop multimeter, which is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the motor.

[0016] Preferably, the oscillator is a solid sphere with a drilled hole on its surface. A screw is threaded into the drilled hole and connected to the spring.

[0017] Preferably, the damping fluid is water or low-viscosity silicone oil.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a camera for recording images of the oscillator inside the glass tank.

[0019] Preferably, the videos captured by the camera are all imported into the physical experiment data analysis software Tracker for data processing.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are that it can not only intuitively demonstrate the phenomenon of forced vibration, but also quantitatively present the changing laws of physical quantities such as displacement, frequency, and amplitude in forced vibration through various variables (such as: adjustment of driving force frequency, replacement of damping medium, and change of oscillator mass), which helps to explore the essence of forced vibration in depth. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for quantitative measurement of forced vibration.

[0023] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0024] 1. Glass tank;

[0025] 2. Iron frame platform;

[0026] 3. Oscillator;

[0027] 4. Screw;

[0028] 5. Spring;

[0029] 6. Connecting plate;

[0030] 7. Limiting sleeve;

[0031] 8. Reciprocating rod;

[0032] 9. Connecting rod;

[0033] 10. Crank;

[0034] 11. Benchtop multimeter;

[0035] 12. DC regulated power supply;

[0036] 13. DC resistance box;

[0037] 14. Camera. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 This utility model provides a device for quantitative measurement of forced vibration, including an iron frame 2, a crank 10, a connecting rod 9, a connecting plate 6, a reciprocating rod 8, a limiting sleeve 7, a motor, a DC regulated power supply 12, a DC resistance box 13, a spring 5, an oscillator 3, a glass cylinder 1, and a damping fluid.

[0040] The glass cylinder 1 is filled with damping fluid;

[0041] The connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected to the iron frame 2 and is positioned directly above the glass cylinder 1;

[0042] The limiting sleeve 7 is installed on the surface of the connecting plate 6;

[0043] The reciprocating rod 8 is sleeved in the limiting sleeve 7. One bottom end of the reciprocating rod 8 is connected to the vibrator 3 through the spring 5. One top end of the reciprocating rod 8 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 9 and the crank 10 in sequence.

[0044] The end of the crank 10 away from the connecting rod 9 is connected to the motor;

[0045] The DC regulated power supply 12 is used to provide electrical energy to the motor;

[0046] The DC resistor box 13 is connected to the connection line between the DC regulated power supply 12 and the motor, and is used to control the motor output;

[0047] In this embodiment, a benchtop multimeter 11 is also included, which is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the motor.

[0048] In this embodiment, the vibrator 3 is a solid ball with a drilled hole on its surface. A screw 4 is threaded into the drilled hole and connected to the spring 5.

[0049] In this embodiment, the damping fluid is water or low-viscosity silicone oil.

[0050] In this embodiment, a camera 14 is also included, which is used to record the image of the vibrator 3 inside the glass tank 1.

[0051] In this embodiment, the videos captured by the camera 14 are all imported into the physical experiment data analysis software Tracker for data processing.

[0052] In use, the DC regulated power supply 12, the DC resistance box 13, and the motor are connected in series. A benchtop multimeter is connected in parallel across the motor to monitor the driving voltage in real time. The experiment begins by immersing the oscillator 3 in the water in the glass tank 1. The motor drives the crank 10 to rotate, and under the action of the connecting rod 9, the reciprocating rod 8 moves up and down. With the help of the spring 5, the oscillator 3 vibrates in the water in the glass tank 1, forming an experimental device for forced vibration. The driving voltage is changed by adjusting the resistance of the DC resistance box 13, thereby adjusting the driving force frequency output by the motor. The camera 1412 is used to record the vibration process of the oscillator 3 at different driving force frequencies. The driving frequency is gradually adjusted, and the amplitude changes are observed and recorded to find the resonant frequency range corresponding to the maximum amplitude. Then, the liquid environment is changed, and the oscillator 3 is immersed in low-viscosity silicone oil 8 (viscosity 0.65cs). The above operation is repeated, keeping other experimental conditions unchanged, and the relationship between the amplitude and the driving frequency under this environment is recorded to observe the change law of the maximum amplitude at resonance.

[0053] All videos taken during the experiment were imported into Tracker, a physics experiment data analysis software, for data processing. The software was used to track the trajectory of the ball and extract vibration parameters such as amplitude and period for subsequent analysis.

[0054] The working principle of the experiment is as follows:

[0055] This experiment is based on the theory of forced vibration. The system generates steady-state vibration under the action of a periodic driving force, which is provided by a reciprocating motor, and can be expressed as:

[0056] F(t) = F0cos(ωt);

[0057] Where: F0 represents the force amplitude, and ω represents the angular frequency of the driving force;

[0058] The motion of a vibrating system is described by differential equations:

[0059]

[0060] Where: m represents mass, c represents damping coefficient, and k represents elastic coefficient;

[0061] The steady-state solution to this equation is:

[0062] x(t) = Acos(ωt + φ);

[0063] The amplitude A and phase difference φ are determined by the system parameters and the driving force frequency. The relationship between amplitude and frequency is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] in: The natural angular frequency of the system is represented by β, where β = c / 2m represents the damping factor.

[0066] When ω≈ω0, the amplitude reaches its maximum value, and resonance occurs.

[0067] The damping coefficient c is affected by the viscosity of the liquid, and the damping varies in different liquid environments. According to Stokes' law, the viscous resistance experienced by the ball in the liquid is:

[0068] F damping =6πμrυ;

[0069] Where μ represents the dynamic viscosity of the liquid, r represents the radius of the ball, and υ represents the velocity.

[0070] Damping coefficient:

[0071] c = 6πμr;

[0072] It is directly proportional to the viscosity of the liquid.

[0073] By using Tracker software to analyze vibration videos, parameters such as amplitude and frequency can be accurately measured, providing reliable data support for quantitative research. By changing the liquid environment (water, low-viscosity silicone oil), the influence of different damping on the system's resonance behavior can be studied. By adjusting the driving force frequency, the influence of different frequencies on the system's resonance behavior can be studied, and the patterns of the maximum amplitude reached at resonance in different liquid environments and at different frequencies can be observed and identified.

[0074] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this utility model does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.

[0075] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

[0076] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for quantitatively measuring forced vibration, characterized in that, It includes an iron frame, crank, connecting rod, connecting plate, reciprocating rod, limit sleeve, motor, DC regulated power supply, DC resistance box, spring, oscillator, glass cylinder and damping fluid; The glass cylinder is filled with damping fluid; The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the iron frame and is positioned directly above the glass cylinder; The limiting sleeve is installed on the surface of the connecting plate; The reciprocating rod is sleeved in the limiting sleeve, and one bottom end of the reciprocating rod is connected to the vibrator through the spring. The top end of the reciprocating rod is rotatably connected to the connecting rod and the crank in sequence. The end of the crank away from the connecting rod is connected to the motor; The DC regulated power supply is used to provide electrical power to the motor; The DC resistor box is connected to the DC regulated power supply and the motor in the connection line, and is used to control the motor output.

2. The forced vibration quantitative measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a benchtop multimeter, which is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the motor.

3. The forced vibration quantitative measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oscillator is a solid sphere with a drilled hole on its surface. A screw is threaded into the drilled hole and connected to the spring.

4. The forced vibration quantitative measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping fluid is water or low-viscosity silicone oil.

5. The forced vibration quantitative measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a camera for recording images of the oscillator inside the glass tank.

6. The forced vibration quantitative measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The videos captured by the cameras were all imported into the Tracker physics experiment data analysis software for data processing.

Images