Battery circuit breaker unit, power supply device and electrical equipment

Abstract

This application provides a battery circuit breaker unit, a power supply device, and an electrical appliance. The battery circuit breaker unit includes: a base; a fuse mounted on the base, the fuse having a first connection end for electrically connecting to the positive or negative terminal of a battery module; and multiple copper busbars, including a first copper busbar connected to the first connection end of the fuse, the first copper busbar being bent. In this application, the first copper busbar is designed to be bent. Within the limited base space, the extension length of the bent first copper busbar can be designed to be greater than that of a straight one, thereby increasing the surface area of ​​the bent first copper busbar. A larger surface area is beneficial for improving the heat dissipation effect of the first copper busbar, preventing its temperature from becoming too high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electrical control equipment technology, specifically relating to a battery circuit breaker unit, a power supply device, and an electrical appliance. Background Technology

[0002] The Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU), as a device for disconnecting and connecting high-voltage electricity to the power battery in new energy vehicles, plays a crucial role in the safety of the battery pack and is a critical component. The BDU not only undertakes important responsibilities for high-voltage circuit control, current distribution, and protection of the battery pack, but also ensures the safe and efficient operation of the entire vehicle's high-voltage system through its monitoring and coordination functions. Therefore, it needs to develop towards greater intelligence and integration. However, the higher the integration level of the BDU, the worse its heat dissipation performance becomes, leading to excessively high overall or localized temperatures. This will reduce the performance of the BDU and consequently affect the performance of the entire battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery circuit breaker unit, a power supply device, and an electrical appliance, including but not limited to solving the problem of excessively high temperature in the battery circuit breaker unit as a whole or in a localized area.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is: In a first aspect, this application provides a battery circuit breaker unit, the battery circuit breaker unit comprising: Base; A fuse, mounted on the base, having a first connection terminal for electrical connection to the positive or negative terminal of the battery module; and Multiple copper busbars, including a first copper busbar connected to a first connection terminal of the fuse, wherein the first copper busbar is bent.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first copper busbar includes a first section, a second section, and a third section, wherein the first section is bent and connected to the second section, the second section is bent and connected to the third section, and the first section is electrically connected to the first connection terminal of the fuse.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first copper busbar is bent and extends to the bottom of the base, the bottom of the base is provided with a first window, one end of the first copper busbar away from the first connection end of the fuse is exposed from the first window and is attached with a thermal pad, the thermal pad being used to connect the liquid cooling plate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit further includes a plurality of relays mounted on the base, and the plurality of copper busbars further includes a plurality of second copper busbars electrically connected to the relays. Each relay is provided with a contact, and the contact is connected to the second copper busbar by welding.

[0008] In some embodiments, a second window is provided at the bottom of the base, the contact is located at the bottom of the base and protrudes from the second window, one end of the second copper busbar protrudes from the second window to connect to the contact, and a thermal pad is attached to the side of the second copper busbar away from the contact. The thermal pad is used to connect to the liquid cooling plate, and the other end of the second copper busbar is bent and extends to the top of the base for connecting electrical equipment.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit further includes a circuit board and a plurality of bent acquisition pieces, the plurality of acquisition pieces including a first acquisition piece, the circuit board being disposed on the side away from the relay having the contact, one end of the first acquisition piece being soldered to the second copper busbar, and the other end of the first acquisition piece being soldered to the end of the circuit board away from the relay.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit further includes a plurality of relays mounted on the base. Each relay has a control point, which is a switch for controlling the operation of the relay. The relay has an external surface, and the orthographic projection of the control point on the external surface falls entirely within the area of ​​the external surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit further includes a circuit board and a plurality of bent acquisition pieces, the plurality of acquisition pieces including a second acquisition piece. The circuit board is disposed on the side of the relay having the control point. The circuit board is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to the plurality of relays. The through holes are used for the second acquisition piece to pass through, so that one end of the second acquisition piece is soldered to the control point, and the other end of the second acquisition piece is soldered to the side of the circuit board away from the relay.

[0012] Secondly, this application also provides a power supply device, which includes a battery module and a battery circuit breaker unit, wherein the battery circuit breaker unit is electrically connected to the battery module.

[0013] Thirdly, this application also provides an electrical device, which includes a device body and a power supply device, wherein the power supply device is used to supply power to the device body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: In this application, the first copper busbar is designed in a bent shape. Compared with a straight shape, the bent shape can reduce the volume limitation of the battery circuit breaker unit, thereby allowing the first copper busbar to have a greater extension length. In other words, within the limited base space, the extension length of the bent first copper busbar can be designed to be greater than that of the straight shape, thus making the surface area of ​​the bent first copper busbar larger. The larger surface area is conducive to improving the heat dissipation effect of the first copper busbar, so that the temperature of the first copper busbar does not become too high. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded view of the battery circuit breaker unit shown.

[0018] Figure 3 A diagram showing the relative positions of the fuse, the first copper busbar, and the base provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view along line AA.

[0020] Figure 5 A diagram showing the relative positions of the fuse and the first copper busbar provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the first copper busbar in the structure shown.

[0022] Figure 7 This is another first copper busbar structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is yet another first copper busbar structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 9 A diagram showing the relative positions of the relay, the second copper busbar, and the base provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the relay with contacts on one side.

[0026] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view along line BB.

[0027] Figure 12 A diagram showing the relative positions of the circuit board, the first acquisition chip, the second copper busbar, and the base provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 13 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the side of the relay with a control point.

[0029] Figure 14 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the circuit board in the structure shown.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the relative positions of the circuit board and the second acquisition chip provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the relative positions of the electrical components in the battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 17 for Figure 1 Another exploded view of the battery disconnect unit shown.

[0033] Figure 18 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the battery circuit breaker unit from another perspective.

[0034] Figure 19 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the battery disconnect unit from another perspective.

[0035] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the electrical equipment provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Explanation of key figure labels: Electrical equipment 100; power supply device 101; equipment body 102; battery circuit breaker unit 103; battery module 104; base 11; male buckle 111; connecting part 112; fuse 12; first connecting end 121; second connecting end 122; copper busbar 13; first copper busbar 131; first section 1311; second section 1312; third section 1313; first sub-section 1313a; second sub-section 1313b; second copper busbar 132; first preset copper busbar 134; second preset copper busbar 135; third preset Copper busbar 136; Fourth preset copper busbar 137; Fifth preset copper busbar 138; Thermal pad 14; Relay 15; Contact 151; Control point 152; Surface 153; Acquisition plate 16; First acquisition plate 161; Second acquisition plate 162; Circuit board 18; Precharge resistor 19; Precharge relay 20; Shunt 21; Protective cover 22; First connection position 221; Second connection position 222; Third connection position 223; Fourth connection position 224; Female buckle 225; First window X1; Second window X2; Through hole X3. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0040] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0043] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 This application provides a battery disconnect unit (BDU) 103, which includes a base 11, a fuse 12, and a plurality of copper busbars 13. The fuse 12 is mounted on the base 11. The fuse 12 has a first connection end 121, which is used for electrical connection to the positive or negative terminal of the battery module 104. The plurality of copper busbars 13 include a first copper busbar 131, which is connected to the first connection end 121 of the fuse 12, and the first copper busbar 131 is bent.

[0045] Specifically, the base 11 is a fixed support in the battery circuit breaker unit 103 used to install various electrical components (such as the fuse 12 mentioned above), so that the electrical components are integrated into one unit and to protect them. The material of the base 11 can be, but is not limited to, plastic, metal, etc. In the height direction of the base 11, the fuse 12 can be generally set at the upper part, middle part, or bottom of the base 11. The fuse 12 is provided with a first connection end 121, which is made of conductive material. The first connection end 121 can be used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery module 104, or it can be used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery module 104, so that the battery circuit breaker unit 103 and the battery module 104 can form an electrical connection.

[0046] In the battery circuit breaker unit 103, the fuse 12 is mainly used in conjunction with the relay 15 (which will be introduced later) to ensure the safe operation of the circuit, especially to provide a fast interruption current in the event of a short circuit or severe overload to protect the circuit, equipment and personnel, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0047] The copper busbar 13 is a conductor made of copper. The number of copper busbars 13 can be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, etc.; this application uses 8 as an example. Of all the copper busbars 13, the one connected to the first connection terminal 121 of the fuse 12 is the first copper busbar 131. The number of first copper busbars 131 can be one, or in other embodiments, two or more; this application only describes one. The first copper busbar 131 is bent; "bent" means that the first copper busbar 131 is entirely curved, or that the first copper busbar 131 extends in a bent form.

[0048] The applicant discovered through research that if the first copper busbar 131 is designed in a straight shape, when the battery circuit breaker unit 103 and the battery module 104 are energized after forming an electrical connection, heat will accumulate at the first connection end 121 and the first copper busbar 131, causing the temperature to be much higher than that of the other copper busbars 13. If this high temperature is maintained for a long time, it may affect the performance of the battery circuit breaker unit 103 and even lead to dangerous situations. It is understandable that if the first copper busbar 131 is designed in a straight shape, the length of the first copper busbar 131 will be limited by the volume of the battery circuit breaker unit 103, thus limiting the surface area of ​​the first copper busbar 131 and consequently restricting its heat dissipation effect.

[0049] In this application, the first copper busbar 131 is designed in a bent shape. Compared with a straight shape, the bent shape can reduce the volume limitation of the battery circuit breaker unit 103, thereby allowing the first copper busbar 131 to have a greater extension length. That is to say, within the limited space of the base 11, the extension length of the bent first copper busbar 131 can be designed to be greater than that of the straight shape, thereby making the surface area of ​​the bent first copper busbar 131 larger. The heat conduction path inside the first copper busbar 131 is increased, and the heat distribution is more uniform. The larger surface area is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation effect of the first copper busbar 131, so that the temperature of the first copper busbar 131 does not become too high.

[0050] It should be noted that the bent first copper busbar 131 may, but is not limited to, being roughly arc-shaped, T-shaped, Z-shaped, or 7-shaped. In this application, the Z-shaped form will be used as an example.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 6In some embodiments, the first copper busbar 131 includes a first segment 1311, a second segment 1312, and a third segment 1313. The first segment 1311 is bent and connected to the second segment 1312, and the second segment 1312 is bent and connected to the third segment 1313. The first segment 1311 is electrically connected to the first connection terminal 121 of the fuse 12. That is, the first copper busbar 131 is designed with three segments: the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313, and these three segments are bent and connected sequentially. Therefore, the bending direction from the first segment 1311 to the second segment 1312, and then from the second segment 1312 to the third segment 1313, is the extension direction of the first copper busbar 131. Compared to a straight shape, by bending and connecting the above three sections, the length of the first copper busbar 131 in the extension direction can be increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the first copper busbar 131.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first segment 1311 and the third segment 1313 extend in opposite directions; that is, the first copper busbar 131 is approximately Z-shaped, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0053] In another embodiment, the first segment 1311 and the third segment 1313 are arranged opposite to each other, such as Figure 7 As shown.

[0054] In another embodiment, the third segment 1313 includes a first sub-segment 1313a and a second sub-segment 1313b, wherein the first sub-segment 1313a is disposed opposite to the first segment 1311, and the second sub-segment 1313b extends in the opposite direction to the third segment 1313, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0055] Of course, in addition to the three implementation methods mentioned above, the first section 1311, the second section 1312, and the third section 1313 can also be designed as other bent connection forms, which will not be listed here.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, at least one of the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313 is in contact with the base 11.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313 are all in contact with the base 11.

[0058] In another embodiment, any two of the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313 are in contact with the base 11.

[0059] In another embodiment, any one of the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313 is in contact with the base 11.

[0060] Understandably, to ensure the energy density of the battery module 104, no fan is installed in the battery circuit breaker unit 103, making it difficult to use a fan for forced convection heat transfer to the first copper busbar 131. Secondly, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 is relatively enclosed, essentially isolating the first copper busbar 131 from the outside environment. Outside air cannot easily enter the base 11 to perform free convection heat transfer to the first copper busbar 131. Furthermore, the internal space of the battery circuit breaker unit 103 is small, with limited air content, so the heat carried away from the first copper busbar 131 by the internal air is negligible. Therefore, it is difficult for the first copper busbar 131 to achieve efficient heat dissipation through convection heat transfer. In this embodiment, at least one of the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313 is in contact with the base 11 (the segment in contact with the base 11 is defined as the target segment). In this way, the target segment can directly transfer heat to the base 11 through heat conduction, and then the base 11 transfers it to the outside or other components. Compared with convection heat transfer, the heat dissipation effect of heat conduction is better, which helps to reduce the temperature of the first copper busbar 131.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first copper busbar 131 is bent and extends to the bottom of the base 11. A first window X1 is provided at the bottom of the base 11, and one end of the first copper busbar 131 opposite to the first connection end 121 of the fuse 12 protrudes from the first window X1 and is attached with a thermal pad 14. The thermal pad 14 is used to connect the liquid cooling plate.

[0062] Specifically, the first window X1 is an opening located at the bottom of the base 11, penetrating the bottom of the base 11 and connecting to the internal space of the base 11. The end of the first copper busbar 131 furthest from the first connecting end 121 extends to the opening, allowing the thermal pad 14 to adhere to the first copper busbar 131. The side of the thermal pad 14 facing away from the first copper busbar 131 is used to adhere to the liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate is a component of the power supply device 101, and coolant circulates inside it to dissipate heat from the heat-generating components in the power supply device 101. The shape of the first window X1 can be, but is not limited to, circular, rectangular, triangular, elliptical, hexagonal, etc.

[0063] The thermal pad 14 can be made of materials such as, but is not limited to, silicone or epoxy resin. During assembly, the thermal pad 14 can be attached to the first copper busbar 131 first, and then the battery circuit breaker unit 103 can be installed inside the power supply unit 101, with the thermal pad 14 attached to the liquid cooling plate. It is understood that by using the thermal pad 14, scratches can be prevented when the battery circuit breaker unit 103 comes into contact with the liquid cooling plate after assembly into the power supply unit 101, thus avoiding any impact on the performance of the battery circuit breaker unit 103; that is, one function of the thermal pad 14 is to provide isolation and buffering. Simultaneously, the thermal pad 14 can also conduct heat from the first copper busbar 131 to the liquid cooling plate, thereby reducing the temperature of the first copper busbar 131; that is, the second function of the thermal pad 14 is heat dissipation.

[0064] It should be noted that the above-mentioned "the end of the first copper busbar 131 facing away from the first connection end 121 of the fuse 12 is exposed from the first window X1" means "when the thermal pad 14 is not attached, the first copper busbar 131 is exposed from the first window X1".

[0065] It should also be noted that the end of the first copper busbar 131 facing away from the first connecting end 121 can be exactly inside the first window X1, or it can be outside the first window X1, or it can be partly inside the first window X1 and partly outside the first window X1. Figure 4 In the diagram, the end of the first copper busbar 131 that is away from the first connecting end 121 is shown outside the first window X1.

[0066] The following description refers to the first segment 1311, the second segment 1312, and the third segment 1313: The first segment 1311 is connected to the first connection terminal 121 of the fuse 12. The second segment 1312 extends from the first segment 1311 towards the bottom of the base 11, so that the third segment 1313 is exposed from the first window X1. The thermal pad 14 is attached to the surface of the third segment 1313. The third segment 1313 may be exactly inside the first window X1 or outside the first window X1.

[0067] Please refer to Figures 9 to 11 In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 further includes a plurality of relays 15, which are mounted on the base 11. The plurality of copper busbars 13 also include a plurality of second copper busbars 132, which are electrically connected to the relays 15. Each relay 15 is provided with a contact 151, which is connected to the second copper busbar 132 by welding.

[0068] Specifically, the main function of relay 15 is to connect or disconnect the main DC current of power supply device 101, ensuring that the high-voltage circuit can be safely started or stopped when needed. Multiple receiving spaces can be provided on the base 11, and multiple relays 15 are arranged one-to-one in the multiple receiving spaces; that is, the number of relays 15 is the same as the number of receiving spaces, with one relay 15 installed in each receiving space. Optionally, the number of relays 15 is four: a main positive relay 15, a fast-charging positive relay 15, a fast-charging negative relay 15, and a main negative relay 15.

[0069] Relay 15 can be a cased relay or a caseless relay (also known as an uncased relay). A cased relay means that relay 15 has an external casing that protects the internal metal components, making them less susceptible to damage during assembly and transport. A caseless relay means that the casing has been removed, exposing the metal components. Caseless relays are lower in cost, smaller in size, and lighter in weight.

[0070] The relay 15 has two contacts 151, which are used to lock a connection point of the second copper busbar 132. The relay 15 can be mounted upside down on the base 11, with the contacts 151 at the bottom of the base 11. The contacts 151 are connected to the second copper busbar 132 by welding. Compared with bolt connection, the welded contact has lower internal resistance and lower heat generation, thus providing a more stable electrical connection. The second copper busbar 132 can also be bent, such as T-shaped, Z-shaped, or 7-shaped.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 9 In some embodiments, the fuse 12 is further provided with a second connection end 122, which is the end of the fuse 12 away from the first connection end 121. The second connection end 122 is electrically connected to one of a plurality of second copper busbars 132.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 11 In some embodiments, a second window X2 is provided at the bottom of the base 11, and the contact 151 is located at the bottom of the base 11 and protrudes from the second window X2. One end of the second copper busbar 132 protrudes from the second window to connect to the contact 151, and a thermal pad 14 is attached to the side of the second copper busbar 132 opposite to the contact 151. The thermal pad 14 is used to connect a liquid cooling plate, and the other end of the second copper busbar 132 is bent and extends to the top of the base 11 for connecting the electrical equipment 100.

[0073] Specifically, the second window X2 is a clearance opening located at the bottom of the base 11, penetrating the bottom of the base 11. The shape of the second window X2 can be, but is not limited to, circular, rectangular, triangular, elliptical, hexagonal, etc. The relay 15 is mounted in an inverted manner on the base 11, and the second window X2 is used to avoid the contact 151 of the relay 15. The second copper busbar 132 extends from the bottom of the base 11 to the second window X2 at the bottom of the base 11 to connect with the contact 151. One side of the thermal pad 14 is attached to the second copper busbar 132, and the side of the thermal pad 14 facing away from the second copper busbar 132 is used to attach to the liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate is a component of the power supply device 101, and coolant circulates inside it to dissipate heat from the heat-generating components in the power supply device 101.

[0074] The thermal pad 14 can be made of materials such as, but is not limited to, silicone or epoxy resin. During assembly, the thermal pad 14 can be attached to the second copper busbar 132 first, and then the battery circuit breaker unit 103 can be installed inside the power supply unit 101, with the thermal pad 14 attached to the liquid cooling plate. It is understood that by using the thermal pad 14, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 can be prevented from scratching when it comes into contact with the liquid cooling plate after being assembled into the power supply unit 101, thus preventing any impact on its performance; that is, one function of the thermal pad 14 is to provide isolation and buffering. Simultaneously, the thermal pad 14 can also conduct heat from the second copper busbar 132 to the liquid cooling plate, thereby reducing the temperature of the second copper busbar 132; that is, the second function of the thermal pad 14 is heat dissipation.

[0075] It should be noted that the above-mentioned "the contact 151 is located at the bottom of the base 11 and is exposed from the second window X2" means "when the thermal pad 14 is not attached, the contact 151 is exposed from the second window X2".

[0076] Please refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments, the battery disconnect unit 103 further includes a circuit board 18 and a plurality of bent acquisition pieces 16. The plurality of acquisition pieces 16 includes a first acquisition piece 161. The circuit board 18 is disposed on the side opposite to the relay 15 having the contact 151. One end of the first acquisition piece 161 is soldered to the second copper busbar 132, and the other end of the first acquisition piece 161 is soldered to the end of the circuit board 18 opposite to the relay 15.

[0077] Specifically, the circuit board 18 is positioned above the relay 15 and is used for electrical connection of various electrical components. Compared to wiring harnesses, using the circuit board 18 makes the interior of the battery circuit breaker unit 103 neater and less cluttered, thus facilitating the arrangement of various electrical components. This not only meets the compact requirements of the battery circuit breaker unit 103 but also reduces the overall weight. Multiple positioning posts can be provided on the base 11, which are inserted into the circuit board 18. In this way, the circuit board 18 can be positioned using the positioning posts, ensuring that the circuit board 18 can be quickly assembled into the correct position, improving production assembly efficiency, and ensuring that the circuit board 18 does not deviate from the correct position during subsequent assembly of other components.

[0078] The first data acquisition piece 161 is made of a conductive material, such as copper. The first data acquisition piece 161 is used to acquire the voltage of various electrical components, thereby detecting the operating status of each component. The shape of the first data acquisition piece 161 can be, but is not limited to, Z-shaped. The first data acquisition piece 161 is disposed on the edge of the circuit board 18, and its opposite ends are respectively soldered to the circuit board 18 and the second copper busbar 132. The first data acquisition piece 161 is connected to the circuit board 18 and the second copper busbar 132 by soldering, which avoids poor contact between the two. There can be multiple first data acquisition pieces 161; for example, there can be five first data acquisition pieces 161, each connected to one of the five second copper busbars 132.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 13 In some embodiments, the battery disconnect unit 103 further includes a plurality of relays 15, which are mounted on the base 11. Each relay 15 has a control point 152, which is a switch for controlling the operation of the relay 15. The relay 15 has an outer surface 153, and the orthographic projection of the control point 152 onto the outer surface 153 falls entirely within the area of ​​the outer surface 153.

[0080] Specifically, the outer surface 153 refers to the outer surface of the relay 15 that is opposite to the contact 151. The control point 152 is located on the side of the relay 15 with the outer surface 153. The phrase "the orthographic projection of the control point 152 on the outer surface 153 is entirely within the area of ​​the outer surface 153" means "the control point 152 does not extend beyond the outer surface 153." It is understood that during assembly or transfer, the relay 15 may collide with other components. If the control point 152 extends beyond the outer surface 153, it would act like a cantilever beam, easily bending and deforming upon impact, thus damaging the relay 15. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the control point 152 on the outer surface 153 is entirely within the area of ​​the outer surface 153, resulting in a low deformation rate of the control point 152 when subjected to external impact, thereby reducing the number of damaged relays 15. For a detailed description of the relay 15, please refer to the description in the previous embodiments.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 In some embodiments, the battery disconnect unit 103 further includes a circuit board 18 and a plurality of bent acquisition pieces 16. The plurality of acquisition pieces 16 include a second acquisition piece 162. The circuit board 18 is disposed on the side of the relay 15 having the control point 152. The circuit board 18 has a plurality of through holes X3 corresponding to the plurality of relays 15. The through holes X3 are used for the second acquisition pieces 162 to pass through, such that one end of the second acquisition piece 162 is soldered to the control point 152, and the other end of the second acquisition piece 162 is soldered to the side of the circuit board 18 opposite to the relay 15.

[0082] Specifically, the second acquisition piece 162 is made of a conductive material, such as copper. The function of the second acquisition piece 162 is to act as a conductor controlling the operation of the relay 15. The shape of the second acquisition piece 162 can be, but is not limited to, a Z-shape. The circuit board 18 is positioned above the relay 15, and the second acquisition piece 162 passes through the through-hole X3 of the circuit board 18, with its opposite ends soldered to the circuit board 18 and the control point 152, respectively. Soldering the second acquisition piece 162 to connect the circuit board 18 and the control point 152 avoids poor contact between the two. There can be multiple second acquisition pieces 162; for example, eight second acquisition pieces 162, each corresponding to one of the eight control points 152 of the four relays 15. The shape of the through-hole X3 can be, but is not limited to, circular, square, elliptical, triangular, etc., as long as it allows the second acquisition piece 162 to pass through. For further details regarding the circuit board 18, please refer to the description in the preceding embodiments.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 16 In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 may further include a pre-charging resistor 19, which is supported on the base 11 and disposed on one side of the relay 15. The pre-charging resistor 19 serves to limit the current in the battery circuit breaker unit 103, mainly for protecting high-voltage electrical components. Taking the application of the battery circuit breaker unit 103 in an electric vehicle as an example: when the high-voltage system of the electric vehicle is powered on, the pre-charging resistor 19 can slowly charge the capacitor, avoiding damage to the capacitor or switching devices such as DC contactors due to excessive instantaneous current. Without the pre-charging resistor 19, a large transient current surge may occur, thereby damaging other critical components in the circuit (such as the relay 15).

[0084] Please refer to Figure 16 In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 may further include a pre-charge relay 20, which is supported on the base 11 and disposed on the side of the pre-charge resistor 19 opposite to the relay 15. The pre-charge relay 20 is used to protect the high-voltage circuit from instantaneous high current surges when the system is powered on, and achieves smooth charging by being connected in series with the pre-charge resistor 19, thus avoiding damage to electrical components.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 16 In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 may further include a shunt 21, which is supported on the base 11 and located at the end of the base 11 away from the fuse 12. The shunt 21 is commonly used to collect current data by converting a large current into a measurable small voltage drop for current detection.

[0086] In the scheme of this application, a Hall sensor can be omitted, since the Hall sensor and the shunt 21 have the same function—to collect the current in the entire circuit. Therefore, without a Hall sensor, the shunt 21 can achieve the above function. It is understood that omitting the Hall sensor can reduce the overall length of the battery circuit breaker unit 103. The shunt 21 has high accuracy when measuring DC current, making it suitable for applications requiring high measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the shunt 21 has a simple structure and low cost.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 17 In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 may further include a protective cover 22, which is disposed on the base 11. The protective cover 22 is used to protect the various electrical components inside the battery circuit breaker unit 103, thereby providing high-voltage protection. The protective cover 22 is detachably connected to the base 11, which facilitates the subsequent opening of the protective cover 22 for maintenance or replacement of the electrical components on the base 11.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 17In some embodiments, the edge of the protective cover 22 is provided with a plurality of female buckles 225, which are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the protective cover 22. The outer wall of the base 11 is provided with a plurality of male buckles 111, which are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the base 11. When the protective cover 22 is placed on the base 11, the male buckles 111 engage with the female buckles 225 to form a detachable connection. Of course, in some embodiments, the female buckles 225 can also be provided on the base 11, and the male buckles 111 on the protective cover 22. It should be noted that the female buckles 225 and male buckles 111 described above are merely exemplary illustrations of a detachable connection. In other embodiments, magnetic connections, bolt connections, etc., can also be used to achieve detachability, which will not be detailed here.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 17 In some embodiments, the base 11 may be provided with a plurality of connecting parts 112 for connecting to external components via threaded parts (such as bolts) to secure the battery disconnect unit 103 to the external components. Exemplary illustration: The number of connecting parts 112 may be four, with the four connecting parts 112 respectively located at the four corners of the base 11.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 In some embodiments, the protective cover 22 is provided with a first connection position 221, a second connection position 222, a third connection position 223, and a fourth connection position 224. The first connection position 221 exposes a first preset copper busbar 134 electrically connected to the shunt 21. The second connection position 222 exposes a second preset copper busbar 135 and a third preset copper busbar 136 electrically connected to the relay 15. The third connection position 223 exposes a fourth preset copper busbar 137 and a fifth preset copper busbar 138 electrically connected to the relay 15. The fourth connection position 224 exposes the first connection terminal 121 of the fuse 12. When the battery circuit breaker unit 103 is applied to an electric vehicle, the exposed first preset copper busbar 134 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery module. The exposed second preset copper busbar 135 and third preset copper busbar 136 are connected to the vehicle's discharge port. The exposed fourth preset copper busbar 137 and fifth preset copper busbar 138 are connected to the vehicle's charging port. The exposed fuse 12 has a first connection terminal 121 for connection to the positive terminal of the battery module. The second preset copper busbar 135, the third preset copper busbar 136, the fourth preset copper busbar 137 and the fifth preset copper busbar 138 are the second copper busbar 132 connected to the contact 151 of the relay 15.

[0091] In this application, all electrical components, including relay 15, pre-charge resistor 19, pre-charge relay 20, shunt 21, and fuse 12, are mounted on a single base 11. This layout achieves a very high degree of integration, thereby increasing the energy density and power density of the power supply device 101. Furthermore, the use of circuit board 18 to achieve wireless routing optimizes electrical connections. This layout also results in a short wiring path for copper busbar 13, reducing energy loss and facilitating the uniform distribution and management of heat.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 20 This application also provides a power supply device 101, which includes a battery module 104 and a battery circuit breaker unit 103, the battery circuit breaker unit 103 being electrically connected to the battery module 104. The battery circuit breaker unit 103 can perform high-voltage circuit control, current distribution, and protection for the power supply device 101. If applied to electric vehicles, it can also ensure the safe and efficient operation of the vehicle's high-voltage system through monitoring and coordination functions. In the automotive field, the power supply device 101 can also be referred to as a battery pack. A battery pack can contain multiple series-parallel connected battery modules 104, a battery management system (BMS), a thermal management system, etc.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 21 This application also provides an electrical device 100, which includes a device body 102 and a power supply device 101, the power supply device 101 being used to supply power to the device body 102.

[0094] The electrical equipment 100 may include, but is not limited to, vehicles (such as electric cars, cruise ships, airplanes, etc.), digital products (such as computers, audio equipment, digital cameras, etc.), home appliances (such as vacuum cleaners, robot vacuum cleaners, washing machines, etc.), processing equipment (such as cutting machines, electric drills, angle grinders, etc.), health monitoring equipment (such as portable electrocardiographs, blood glucose meters, etc.), and electric toys (such as remote control cars, drones, remote control boats, etc.).

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, the electrical equipment 100 is only illustrated by an electric vehicle, which may be, but is not limited to, cars, buses, trucks, off-road vehicles, electric bicycles, etc. For an electric vehicle, its equipment body 102 may include a frame, various electrical loads (such as a power system, a lighting system), etc.

[0096] The technical means disclosed in this application are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A battery circuit breaker unit, characterized in that, The battery circuit breaker unit (103) includes: Base (11); A fuse (12) is mounted on the base (11) and has a first connection terminal (121) for electrical connection to the positive or negative terminal of the battery module (104); and Multiple copper busbars (13), the multiple copper busbars (13) include a first copper busbar (131), the first copper busbar (131) is connected to the first connection end (121) of the fuse (12), and the first copper busbar (131) is bent.

2. The battery disconnect unit of claim 1, wherein, The first copper busbar (131) includes a first section (1311), a second section (1312), and a third section (1313). The first section (1311) is bent and connected to the second section (1312), and the second section (1312) is bent and connected to the third section (1313). The first section (1311) is electrically connected to the first connection terminal (121) of the fuse (12).

3. The battery disconnect unit of claim 1, wherein, The first copper busbar (131) is bent and extends to the bottom of the base (11). The bottom of the base (11) is provided with a first window (X1). One end of the first copper busbar (131) away from the first connection end (121) of the fuse (12) is exposed from the first window (X1) and is attached with a heat-conducting pad (14). The heat-conducting pad (14) is used to connect the liquid cooling plate.

4. The battery disconnect unit of claim 1, wherein, The battery circuit breaker unit (103) also includes multiple relays (15), which are mounted on the base (11). The multiple copper busbars (13) also include multiple second copper busbars (132), which are electrically connected to the relays (15). Each relay (15) is provided with a contact (151), which is connected to the second copper busbar (132) by welding.

5. The battery circuit breaker unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The base (11) has a second window (X2) at its bottom. The contact (151) is located at the bottom of the base (11) and protrudes from the second window (X2). One end of the second copper busbar (132) protrudes from the second window (X2) to connect to the contact (151). A thermal pad (14) is attached to the side of the second copper busbar (132) away from the contact (151). The thermal pad (14) is used to connect to the liquid cooling plate. The other end of the second copper busbar (132) is bent and extends to the top of the base (11) for connecting to the electrical equipment (100).

6. The battery circuit breaker unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The battery circuit breaker unit (103) also includes a circuit board (18) and a plurality of bent acquisition pieces (16). The plurality of acquisition pieces (16) include a first acquisition piece (161). The circuit board (18) is disposed on the side away from the relay (15) with the contact (151). One end of the first acquisition piece (161) is soldered to the second copper busbar (132), and the other end of the first acquisition piece (161) is soldered to the end of the circuit board (18) away from the relay (15).

7. The battery circuit breaker unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The battery circuit breaker unit (103) also includes a plurality of relays (15), which are mounted on the base (11). Each relay (15) is provided with a control point (152), which is a switch for controlling the operation of the relay (15). The relay (15) has an outer surface (153), and the orthographic projection of the control point (152) on the outer surface (153) falls entirely within the area of ​​the outer surface (153).

8. The battery circuit breaker unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The battery circuit breaker unit (103) also includes a circuit board (18) and a plurality of bent acquisition pieces (16). The plurality of acquisition pieces (16) include a second acquisition piece (162). The circuit board (18) is disposed on the side of the relay (15) having the control point (152). The circuit board (18) is provided with a plurality of through holes (X3) corresponding to the plurality of relays (15). The through holes (X3) are used for the second acquisition piece (162) to pass through, so that one end of the second acquisition piece (162) is soldered to the control point (152), and the other end of the second acquisition piece (162) is soldered to the side of the circuit board (18) away from the relay (15).

9. A power supply device, characterized in that, The power supply device (101) includes a battery module (104) and a battery circuit breaker unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the battery circuit breaker unit (103) is electrically connected to the battery module (104).

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The electrical equipment (100) includes a device body (102) and a power supply device (101) as described in claim 9, the power supply device (101) being used to supply power to the device body (102).

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