Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

This disclosure relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure includes: a first radiator, the first radiator including a first free end and a first ground end; a second radiator, the second radiator including a second free end and a second ground end, the first free end and the second free end cooperating to form a gap; a first feed, the first feed electrically connected to the first radiator; a second feed, the second feed electrically connected to the second radiator; a switching circuit, one end of the switching circuit being grounded and the other end being electrically connected to the second radiator; when the first radiator operates in a satellite frequency band, the second feed is disconnected, the switching circuit switches to a first state, and the second radiator is connected to a first tuning element grounded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, the number of antennas required for electronic devices has increased in order to improve communication performance, making antenna placement increasingly challenging. Therefore, achieving a balance between antenna placement and performance has become a key focus for researchers. Utility Model Content

[0003] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device to address the shortcomings of related technologies.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: A first radiator, the first radiator including a first free end and a first ground end; The second radiator includes a second free end and a second ground end, and the first free end and the second free end cooperate to form a gap. A first feed, the first feed being electrically connected to the first radiator; A second feed, which is electrically connected to the second radiator; A switching circuit, one end of which is grounded and the other end is electrically connected to the second radiator; When the first radiator operates in the satellite frequency band, the second power supply is disconnected, the switching circuit switches to the first state, and the second radiator is connected to the ground of the first tuning element.

[0005] Optionally, the first tuning element includes a zero-ohm resistor, and the length of the second radiator is approximately one-quarter of the wavelength of the target resonant frequency.

[0006] Optionally, the second radiator is used to cover cellular frequency bands and / or Wi-Fi frequency bands.

[0007] Optionally, the difference between the resonant frequency of the first radiator and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator is less than or equal to 400 MHz.

[0008] Optional, also includes: The third radiator includes a third free end and a third ground end, and the third ground end and the second ground end share the same metal rib grounding configuration. A third feed, which is electrically connected to the third radiator; A second tuning element is connected in parallel with the first tuning element; When the third radiator operates in the satellite frequency band, the second power supply is disconnected, the switching circuit switches to the second state, and the second radiator is grounded through the second tuning element.

[0009] Optionally, the difference between the resonant frequency of the third radiator and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator is less than or equal to 400 MHz.

[0010] Optionally, the first radiator operates in the BeiDou receiving frequency band, and the third radiator operates in the BeiDou transmitting frequency band.

[0011] Optional, also includes: The fourth radiator includes a fourth grounding terminal and a fourth free terminal, wherein the fourth free terminal cooperates with the third free terminal to form a gap; A fourth feed, which is electrically connected to the fourth radiator; When the first radiator operates in the satellite frequency band, the fourth feed is disconnected, the fourth radiator is coupled to the first radiator, and the fourth radiator is excited with the first radiator to generate a current in the same direction.

[0012] Optionally, the first radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged in a mirror-symmetric configuration.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna structure as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0014] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: As can be seen from the above embodiments, when the first radiator is operating in the satellite frequency band, the second radiator can be reused as a parasitic stub of the first radiator in the satellite frequency band. At the same time, the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator as a parasitic stub can be adjusted by the first tuning element, so as to improve the radiation performance of the first radiator in the satellite frequency band. In this way, the reuse of the second radiator can improve the radiation performance of the first radiator without increasing the antenna stub, and is compatible with the antenna layout and performance.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The reflection coefficient curve when the second radiator acts as a parasitic branch of the first radiator.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The radiation efficiency curve when the second radiator acts as a parasitic branch of the first radiator.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The reflection coefficient curve when the second radiator acts as a parasitic branch of the third radiator.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The radiation efficiency curve when the second radiator acts as a parasitic branch of the third radiator.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The superposition field pattern of the passive parasitic array element of the fourth radiator as the first radiator.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A digital table diagram of the superposition field of the passive parasitic array element of the fourth radiator as the first radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0026] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure includes a first radiator 1, a second radiator 2, a first feed 3, and a second feed 4. The first radiator 1 includes a first free end 11 and a first ground end 12. The second radiator 2 includes a second free end 21 and a second ground end 22. The first free end 11 and the second free end 21 cooperate to form a gap. The first ground end 12 and the second ground end 22 can be connected to a metal ground plate located inside the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 via a metal rib. The first feed 3 is electrically connected to the first radiator 1 to excite a current in the first radiator 1, thereby forming a resonance covering the target frequency band. The second feed 4 is electrically connected to the second radiator 2 to excite a current in the second radiator 2, thereby forming a resonance covering the target frequency band.

[0029] For example, the first radiator 1 can cover the satellite frequency band, and the second radiator 2 can cover the cellular frequency band and the WiFi frequency band. Of course, it can be understood that since the satellite communication state, cellular communication state, and WiFi communication state of electronic devices cannot coexist, the first radiator 1 can cover both the satellite frequency band and the WiFi frequency band at the same time, so that the first radiator 1 can switch to the satellite frequency band or the WiFi frequency band at different times.

[0030] Furthermore, the antenna structure also includes a switching circuit 5, one end of which is grounded and the other end is electrically connected to the second radiator 2. The second feed 4 is positioned between the upper frame point of the switching circuit 5 on the second radiator 2 and the second free end 21. When the first radiator 1 operates in the satellite frequency band, the second feed 4 is disconnected, and the switching circuit 5 switches to the first state, causing the second radiator 2 to be electrically connected to the first tuning element 6 and grounded. Based on this, the second radiator 2 can be reused as a parasitic stub of the first radiator 1 in the satellite frequency band. Simultaneously, the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2 as a parasitic stub can be adjusted using the first tuning element 6, thereby improving the radiation performance of the first radiator 1 in the satellite frequency band. When the first radiator 1 operates in a non-satellite frequency band, the second feed 4 is closed, and the second radiator 2 can operate in the target frequency band it needs to cover.

[0031] For example, the second radiator 2 can be used to cover at least one of the cellular frequency band and the WiFi frequency band. Based on the fact that cellular frequency bands and WiFi frequency bands do not coexist with satellite frequency bands, when the first radiator 1 reuses the second radiator 2 as a parasitic branch, it does not affect its own cellular communication needs and WiFi communication needs. When the second radiator 2 needs to radiate at least one of the cellular frequency band signals and WiFi frequency band signals, the first radiator 1 does not need to radiate satellite frequency band signals, so the second feeder 4 is closed.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first tuning element 6 may include a zero-ohm resistor, and the length of the second radiator 2 is approximately 1 / 4 wavelength of the target resonant frequency, thereby enabling coverage of the target frequency band by utilizing the length of the second radiator 2 itself, reducing matching requirements and difficulty.

[0033] For example, assuming the first radiator 1 operates in the BeiDou receiving frequency band (2483.5MHz-2500MHz), and the second radiator 2 has a length of 15.5mm, the antenna structure is simulated using the switching circuit 5 switched to the first state, and the results are obtained. Figure 2 The reflection coefficient curve shown is when the second radiator 2 acts as a parasitic branch of the first radiator 1. (See also...) Figure 2 The x-axis represents frequency, and the y-axis represents reflection coefficient. It can be seen that the first radiator 1 can resonate at the first marked point of 2.5 GHz, and the second radiator 2, as a parasitic stub, can resonate near the third marked point of 2.87 GHz. See also... Figure 3 , Figure 3The efficiency curves are shown for when the second radiator 2 is used as a parasitic branch of the first radiator 1. The black curve represents the efficiency curve under ideal conditions, and the green curve represents the efficiency curve under actual conditions. As can be seen from the green curve, a small efficiency peak is generated at approximately 2.8 GHz, as indicated by the red circle. This shows that the radiation efficiency of the first radiator 1 can be improved by reusing the parasitic branch of the first radiator 1 through the second radiator 2.

[0034] Of course, to ensure that the second radiator 2, as a parasitic branch of the first radiator 1, can improve the radiation efficiency of the first radiator 1, the difference between the resonant frequency of the first radiator 1 and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2 can be less than or equal to 400MHz, and the resonant frequency of the first radiator 1 can be less than or greater than the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2. For example, the difference between the resonant frequency of the first radiator 1 and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2 can be 300MHz, 200MHz, 260MHz, or 150MHz, etc.

[0035] In some other embodiments, it is still based on Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure also includes a third radiator 7, a third feed 8, and a second tuning element 9. The third radiator 7 includes a third free end 71 and a third ground end 72. The third ground end 72 and the second ground end 22 of the second radiator 2 can share the same metal rib grounding configuration. In other words, from a mechanical structure perspective, the second radiator 2 and the third radiator 7 are an integrated structure. The third feed 8 can be electrically connected to the third radiator 7. The second tuning element 9 is connected in parallel with the first tuning element 6. When the third radiator 7 is operating in the satellite frequency band, the second feed 4 is disconnected, and the switching circuit 5 switches to the second state. At this time, the second radiator 2 can be grounded through the second tuning element 9. Thus, on the one hand, the second radiator 2 can be reused as a parasitic branch of the third radiator 7 to improve the radiation performance of the third radiator 7. On the other hand, the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2 as a parasitic branch can be adjusted using the third tuning element. Of course, at any given moment, the second radiator 2 can only serve as a parasitic branch of the first radiator 1 or the third radiator 7, and therefore the state of the switching circuit 5 can be tuned according to the priority setting.

[0036] For example, taking the third radiator 7 operating in the BeiDou transmission frequency band (1710MHz to 1726.5MHz) as an example, the length of the second radiator 2 is 15.5mm. With the switching circuit 5 switched to the first state, the antenna structure is simulated, and the results are obtained. Figure 4 The reflection coefficient curve is shown when the second radiator 2 acts as a parasitic branch of the third radiator 7. See also... Figure 4The x-axis represents frequency, and the y-axis represents reflection coefficient. It can be seen that the third radiator 7 can resonate at the first marked point of 1.72 GHz, and the second radiator 2, as a parasitic stub, can resonate near the third marked point of 1.45 GHz. See also... Figure 5 , Figure 5 The efficiency curves are shown when the second radiator 2 is used as a parasitic branch of the third radiator 7. The green curve represents the efficiency curve under ideal conditions, and the blue curve represents the efficiency curve under actual conditions. As can be seen from the blue curve, at the position circled in red, around 1.47 GHz, the efficiency of the blue and green curves will be pushed up due to the influence of parasitic resonance, thus improving the efficiency of the BeiDou transmission frequency band. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency of the third radiator 7 can be improved by reusing the parasitic branch of the third radiator 7 through the second radiator 2.

[0037] Similarly, to ensure that the radiation efficiency of the third radiator 7 is improved when the second radiator 2 acts as a parasitic branch of the third radiator 7, the difference between the resonant frequency of the third radiator 7 and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2 can be less than or equal to 400MHz, and the resonant frequency of the third radiator 7 can be less than or greater than the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2. For example, the difference between the resonant frequency of the third radiator 7 and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 2 can be 300MHz, 200MHz, 260MHz, or 150MHz, etc. Furthermore, with the first radiator 1 operating in the BeiDou receiving band and the third radiator 7 operating in the BeiDou transmitting band antenna, the reception and transmission of BeiDou signals can be separated. Compared to the case where they are placed in the same radiator, this is beneficial for balancing the radiation performance of both the BeiDou receiving and transmitting bands.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the antenna structure also includes a fourth radiator 10 and a fourth feed 13. The fourth radiator 10 includes a fourth free end 101 and a fourth ground end 102. The fourth free end 101 cooperates with the third free end 71 to form a gap. The fourth ground end 102 is grounded, for example, by grounding with a metal rib and a metal ground. When the first radiator 1 operates in a non-satellite frequency band, the fourth feed 13 can be closed, exciting the fourth radiator 10 to generate resonance covering the target frequency band. When the first radiator 1 operates in a satellite frequency band, such as the BeiDou receiving frequency band, the fourth feed 13 is opened, and the fourth radiator 10 couples with the first radiator 1 to generate current. The fourth radiator 10 acts as a passive parasitic element of the first radiator 1 and is excited with the first radiator 1 to generate current in the same direction. Through the current distributed in the same direction, a gain superposition effect can be generated in the zenith direction directly above the first radiator 1 and the fourth radiator 10, so that the gain of the first radiator 1 can be further improved, especially when the first radiator 1 operates in the BeiDou receiving frequency band, the gain in the zenith direction can be improved.

[0039] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, when the antenna structure is applied to an electronic device, and both the first radiator 1 and the fourth radiator 10 are located on the top edge of the electronic device, Theta represents the angle formed around the width direction of the electronic device as an axis, with Theta = 0° indicating the direction pointing to the top, i.e., the zenith. Phi represents the angle formed around the length direction of the electronic device as an axis, with Phi = 0° indicating the direction pointing outwards from the back of the electronic device. The first radiator 1 operates in the satellite receiving frequency band. Figure 7 The superposition field pattern of the fourth radiator 10 as a passive parasitic array element of the first radiator 1. Figure 8 A numerical table diagram of the superposition field of the fourth radiator 10 as a passive parasitic array element of the first radiator 1. See also... Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the radiation pattern of the passive parasitic array element of the fourth radiator 10 as the first radiator 1 is mainly concentrated in the zenith direction. The gain is weak in the lower half of the electronic device, which can improve the concentration of satellite frequency band signals in the zenith direction.

[0040] Furthermore, the first radiator 1 and the fourth radiator 10 can be arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner, which can improve the aesthetics of the antenna structure and further enhance the superposition effect of long field strength gain.

[0041] Based on the technical solution of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, which includes the antenna structure described in any of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the first radiator 1, the second radiator 2, the third radiator 7 and the fourth radiator 10 are all located in part of the top frame of the electronic device.

[0042] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0043] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by include: A first radiator, the first radiator including a first free end and a first ground end; The second radiator includes a second free end and a second ground end, and the first free end and the second free end cooperate to form a gap. A first feed, the first feed being electrically connected to the first radiator; A second feed, which is electrically connected to the second radiator; A switching circuit, one end of which is grounded and the other end is electrically connected to the second radiator; When the first radiator operates in the satellite frequency band, the second power supply is disconnected, the switching circuit switches to the first state, and the second radiator is connected to the ground of the first tuning element.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The first tuning element includes a zero-ohm resistor, and the length of the second radiator is approximately 1 / 4 wavelength of the target resonant frequency.

3. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The second radiator is used to cover cellular frequency bands and / or Wi-Fi frequency bands.

4. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The difference between the resonant frequency of the first radiator and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator is less than or equal to 400 MHz.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The third radiator includes a third free end and a third ground end, and the third ground end and the second ground end share the same metal rib grounding configuration. A third feed, which is electrically connected to the third radiator; A second tuning element is connected in parallel with the first tuning element; When the third radiator operates in the satellite frequency band, the second power supply is disconnected, the switching circuit switches to the second state, and the second radiator is grounded through the second tuning element.

6. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein, The difference between the resonant frequency of the third radiator and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator is less than or equal to 400MHz.

7. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein, The first radiator operates in the BeiDou receiving frequency band, and the third radiator operates in the BeiDou transmitting frequency band.

8. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein, Also includes: The fourth radiator includes a fourth grounding terminal and a fourth free terminal, wherein the fourth free terminal cooperates with the third free terminal to form a gap; A fourth feed, which is electrically connected to the fourth radiator; When the first radiator operates in the satellite frequency band, the fourth feed is disconnected, the fourth radiator is coupled to the first radiator, and the fourth radiator is excited with the first radiator to generate a current in the same direction.

9. The antenna structure of claim 8, wherein, The first radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged in a mirror-symmetric configuration.

10. An electronic device, comprising: The antenna structure includes any one of claims 1-9.

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