A transparent vibrator and base station antenna

Abstract

This utility model discloses a transparent vibrator and a base station antenna. The vibrator includes a first transparent substrate, a first grid conductive layer, a second transparent substrate, and a second grid conductive layer. The first transparent substrate is disposed on the upper end of the second transparent substrate. The first grid conductive layer is attached to the first transparent substrate to form a radiating surface. The second grid conductive layer is attached to the second transparent substrate to form a balun assembly. The first grid conductive layer and the second grid conductive layer are connected. Through the above structure, the transparent area of ​​the antenna can reach more than 80%, achieving an excellent "invisibility" effect. It can be highly integrated with the indoor and outdoor architectural environment, meeting the aesthetic requirements of concealed installation. At the same time, the transmission impedance is lower and the signal loss is smaller, effectively ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Furthermore, the application of the transparent substrate significantly reduces the weight of the entire antenna and improves the installation flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of base station antennas, and in particular to a transparent vibrator and a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G communication technology and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, the importance of indoor and outdoor signal coverage is becoming increasingly prominent. Inside buildings, due to the obstruction of building materials and the influence of structural design, problems such as weak signal coverage and signal shielding often occur, seriously affecting communication quality. To compensate for signal blind spots, base station antennas need to be rationally deployed indoors and outdoors. At the same time, to meet aesthetic requirements, the antennas need to be highly integrated with the surrounding environment to achieve concealed installation.

[0003] The appearance of traditional indoor distributed antennas has become increasingly recognized by the public, and the limited installation space places higher demands on the antenna's concealment and environmental adaptability. However, existing transparent antennas have several technical shortcomings: on the one hand, traditional transparent antennas have narrow bandwidths, making it difficult to adapt to the high bandwidth requirements of 5G communication and limiting the improvement of communication capacity; on the other hand, although commonly used transparent conductive materials (such as ITO transparent conductive oxide film) have transparent conductive properties, they have high impedance, resulting in large signal transmission loss and low antenna radiation efficiency; in addition, traditional transparent antennas mostly use coupling methods to achieve radiation, which further exacerbates the problems of narrow bandwidth and low radiation efficiency, failing to meet the stringent requirements of 5G communication systems for antenna performance; at the same time, the substrate, reflector, radome, and other components of traditional antennas are mostly made of non-transparent materials, resulting in heavy weight and insufficient mechanical structural stability, making it difficult to achieve the requirements of "invisible" installation and environmental integration.

[0004] Against this backdrop, there is an urgent need to develop a transparent oscillator and base station antenna that combines high transparency, wide bandwidth, low loss, high radiation efficiency, and good mechanical stability, in order to address the shortcomings of existing transparent antennas in terms of performance, concealment, and environmental adaptability, and promote the efficient deployment of 5G communication in indoor and outdoor scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a transparent vibrator and a base station antenna.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by one embodiment of this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a transparent oscillator, including a first transparent substrate, a first grid conductive layer, a second transparent substrate and a second grid conductive layer; The first transparent substrate is disposed at the upper end of the second transparent substrate; A first grid conductive layer is attached to a first transparent substrate to form a radiating surface; A second mesh conductive layer is attached to a second transparent substrate to form a balun assembly; The first grid conductive layer and the second grid conductive layer are connected.

[0007] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the shape of the grid in the first grid conductive layer and / or the second grid conductive layer is set as a triangle, square, pentagon or hexagon.

[0008] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the line width of the grid in the first grid conductive layer and / or the second grid conductive layer is set to 6-14μm.

[0009] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the line spacing of the grids in the first grid conductive layer and / or the second grid conductive layer is set to 200-300μm.

[0010] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the first grid conductive layer and / or the second grid conductive layer are made of copper, silver or graphene.

[0011] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, a protective film is covered on the first grid conductive layer and / or the second grid conductive layer.

[0012] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the protective film is made of PET material.

[0013] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the thickness of the protective film is set to 45-55μm.

[0014] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate are made of transparent PC or glass.

[0015] A base station antenna, including the aforementioned vibrator.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: A transparent vibrator and base station antenna, wherein the vibrator includes a first transparent substrate, a first grid conductive layer, a second transparent substrate, and a second grid conductive layer; the first transparent substrate is disposed on the upper end of the second transparent substrate; the first grid conductive layer is attached to the first transparent substrate to form a radiating surface; the second grid conductive layer is attached to the second transparent substrate to form a balun assembly; the first grid conductive layer and the second grid conductive layer are connected; through the above structure, the transparent area of ​​the antenna can reach more than 80%, achieving an excellent "invisibility" effect, which can be highly integrated with the indoor and outdoor architectural environment, meeting the aesthetic requirements of concealed installation, while the transmission impedance is lower and the signal loss is smaller, effectively ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the application of transparent substrate significantly reduces the weight of the entire antenna and improves installation flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of a base station antenna. Figure 2 An exploded view of a transparent oscillator; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first transparent substrate and the first mesh conductive layer; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second transparent substrate and the second mesh conductive layer; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first transparent substrate, the first grid conductive layer, and the protective film. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more; "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0021] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-5A transparent oscillator includes a first transparent substrate 11, a first grid conductive layer 12, a second transparent substrate 21, and a second grid conductive layer 22; The first transparent substrate 11 is disposed at the upper end of the second transparent substrate 21; The first grid conductive layer 12 is attached to the first transparent substrate 11 to form the radiating surface 10; The second mesh conductive layer 22 is attached to the second transparent substrate 21 to form the balun component 20; The first grid conductive layer 12 and the second grid conductive layer 22 are connected.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-5 The transparent oscillator provided by this utility model is composed of a first transparent substrate 11, a first grid conductive layer 12, a second transparent substrate 21, and a second grid conductive layer 22. The first transparent substrate 11 is horizontally disposed above the second transparent substrate 21. The first grid conductive layer 12 is tightly attached to the surface of the first transparent substrate 11, forming the radiating surface 10 of the oscillator, which is responsible for the radiation and reception of radio frequency signals. The second grid conductive layer 22 is attached to the second transparent substrate 21, forming a balun component 20, which realizes the balanced-unbalanced conversion of the feed signal. The first grid conductive layer 12 and the second grid conductive layer 22 are reliably connected by a low-temperature welding process, which ensures connection stability while maximizing the preservation of the transparency characteristics and structural integrity of the materials.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-4 In some embodiments, the first grid conductive layer 12 is composed of a first conductor ring 121, a second conductor ring 122, a third conductor ring 123, and a fourth conductor ring 124. The first conductor ring 121 and the second conductor ring 122 form a first radiating arm pair, and the third conductor ring 123 and the fourth conductor ring 124 form a second radiating arm pair. The first radiating arm pair and the second radiating arm pair are orthogonally arranged and are responsible for ±45° polarization, respectively. Further, the second transparent substrate 21 includes a first balun plate 211 and a second balun plate 212, and the second grid conductive layer 22 includes a first balun circuit 221 and a second balun circuit 222. The first balun circuit 221 is attached to the first balun plate 211, and the second balun circuit 222 is attached to the second balun plate 212. The first balun plate 211 and the second balun plate 212 are arranged at ±90° intervals to construct a dual-polarization array.

[0025] Reference Figure 1This utility model also provides a base station antenna including the above-mentioned transparent vibrator. The base station antenna includes a reflector 40 and an antenna cover 70. To ensure the long-term stability of the antenna structure and avoid the problem of excessive stress on the balun assembly 20 caused by relying solely on solder joint support, the vibrator is assisted by a support member 50. The support member 50 is also made of transparent material. The connection between the support member 50 and the first transparent substrate 11 and the reflector 40 is fastened by rivets. The rivets are made of non-metallic transparent material to ensure that the overall transparency of the antenna is not affected. This support structure can effectively reduce the stress on the feed balun, protect the reliability of the solder joint connection, and improve the mechanical stability and durability of the antenna during long-term use. Furthermore, both the reflector 40 and the support member 50 are made of transparent material, and the antenna cover 70 is made of high-transparency insulating material to ensure that the transparent area ratio of the entire antenna is not less than 80%, achieving a high degree of integration with the environment.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-5 The first transparent substrate 11 and the second transparent substrate 21 are preferably made of transparent PC material. PC material is an almost colorless glassy amorphous polymer, which not only has excellent light transmittance, but also has good toughness, rigidity and heat resistance. It can provide stable structural support for the vibrator and effectively reduce the weight of the entire antenna. Depending on the strength requirements of the actual application scenario, other high-transparency insulating substrates such as glass can also be selected. Glass substrates have higher mechanical strength and weather resistance and are suitable for outdoor scenarios with high requirements for structural stability.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-5 The first grid conductive layer 12 and the second grid conductive layer 22 are preferably made of copper. Copper has high conductivity, mature processing technology and high cost performance, which can effectively reduce signal transmission impedance and reduce signal loss. Depending on the RF performance requirements, materials with higher conductivity such as silver or graphene can also be selected. Silver has the best conductivity, while graphene has the characteristics of being thin, light and weather resistant, and can be adapted to special application environments.

[0028] Reference Figures 3-4 Preferably, the grid shape on the first grid conductive layer 12 and the second grid conductive layer 22 can be flexibly set as a triangle, square, pentagon or hexagon. Among them, the processing technology of square and hexagonal grids is the most mature and can better balance light transmittance and conductivity. The line width of the grid is controlled at 6-14μm, preferably 10μm, and the line spacing of the grid is set at 200-300μm, preferably 250μm. This combination of parameters can achieve more than 80% light transmittance while ensuring good conductivity, meeting the signal transmission requirements of 5G communication.

[0029] Reference Figures 3-4The first grid conductive layer 12 and the second grid conductive layer 22 are prepared by etching process. Using the protective film 30 as a carrier, a metal grid with a preset shape, line width and line spacing is first etched on the protective film 30. Then, the protective film 30 with the metal grid is bonded to the first transparent substrate 11 and the second transparent substrate 21 to form a stacked structure, which ensures that the grid conductive layer is tightly bonded to the transparent substrate and avoids interlayer peeling that affects performance. For structures such as the balun component 20 that require double-sided conductivity, the protective film 30 with etched metal grid can be bonded to both sides of the second transparent substrate 21 to form a double-sided copper-clad structure.

[0030] Preferably, the protective film 30 is made of PET material. PET material not only has high transparency, but also has excellent UV resistance and anti-yellowing ability, which can maintain transparency for a long time and prevent the performance of the mesh conductive layer from being affected by light aging. The thickness of the protective film 30 is set to 45-55μm, preferably 50μm. This thickness can effectively protect the thin metal mesh from wear, scratches and other damage, ensure electrical performance stability, and will not significantly affect the overall light transmittance and lightness of the oscillator.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-4 The feed end of the balun component 20 is connected to the matching feed line 60 on the reflector 40, and the other end is connected to the ground plane of the reflector 40. The feed signal is coupled to the ground conductive layer on the back side through the feed line on the balun component 20, so as to achieve equal amplitude reverse feed to the radiating surface 10, ensuring efficient transmission of radio frequency signals. The radiating surface 10 is composed of four equivalent conductor rings arranged in a cross-shaped symmetrical distribution, and is provided with a radiating surface defect coupling structure 80, which can diversify the current distribution of the vibrator surface, effectively avoid the occurrence of resonance phenomenon, and further broaden the antenna bandwidth.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 The transparent vibrator of this invention can be flexibly assembled into an antenna array. Multiple vibrators share the same reflector 40, and a copper mesh design is used on the reflector 40 to match the feeding network, so that the vibrators can be reliably connected and synchronously fed. Combined with a PC material radome 70, a complete base station antenna array can be formed. Taking an array containing five transparent vibrators as an example, performance testing was conducted at the operating frequency of 2200MHz. In the simulation stage, the copper mesh was replaced with solid copper to improve efficiency, and the simulation gain reached 15.47dBi. The actual prototype antenna test gain was 12.71dBi. After deducting the measured connector and circuit board feeding losses, the loss difference between the mesh structure and solid copper was only about 2dB, proving that the metal mesh structure can achieve high radiation efficiency while ensuring high light transmittance, which fully meets the performance requirements of 5G communication systems.

[0033] The advantages of this utility model are as follows: the above structure enables the antenna to have a transparent area of ​​over 80%, achieving an excellent "invisibility" effect, which can be highly integrated with the indoor and outdoor architectural environment, meeting the aesthetic requirements of concealed installation. At the same time, the transmission impedance is lower and the signal loss is less, effectively ensuring the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Furthermore, the application of transparent substrate significantly reduces the weight of the entire antenna and improves installation flexibility.

[0034] Of course, this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this utility model. All such equivalent modifications and substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A transparent transducer, characterized by: It includes a first transparent substrate (11), a first grid conductive layer (12), a second transparent substrate (21), and a second grid conductive layer (22); The first transparent substrate (11) is disposed at the upper end of the second transparent substrate (21); The first grid conductive layer (12) is attached to the first transparent substrate (11) to form a radiating surface (10). The second grid conductive layer (22) is attached to the second transparent substrate (21) to form a balun assembly (20). The first grid conductive layer (12) and the second grid conductive layer (22) are connected.

2. A transparent oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the grid in the first grid conductive layer (12) and / or the second grid conductive layer (22) is set to a triangle, a square, a pentagon or a hexagon.

3. A transparent oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line width of the grid in the first grid conductive layer (12) and / or the second grid conductive layer (22) is set to 6-14 μm.

4. A transparent oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line spacing of the grids in the first grid conductive layer (12) and / or the second grid conductive layer (22) is set to 200-300 μm.

5. A transparent oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first grid conductive layer (12) and / or the second grid conductive layer (22) are made of copper, silver or graphene.

6. A transparent oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first grid conductive layer (12) and / or the second grid conductive layer (22) are covered with a protective film (30).

7. A transparent oscillator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective film (30) is made of PET material.

8. A transparent oscillator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the protective film (30) is set to 45-55 μm.

9. A transparent oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate (11) and / or the second transparent substrate (21) are made of transparent PC or glass.

10. A base station antenna, characterized in that: Includes the oscillator as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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