Control cabinet and energy storage system

Abstract

This application provides a control cabinet and an energy storage system. The control cabinet includes an energy management system and multiple energy storage converters. A first terminal of each energy storage converter is connected to a first terminal of a communication terminal block within the DC energy storage cabinet. A second terminal of each energy storage converter is connected to a second terminal of the energy management system. A first terminal of the energy management system is connected to the second terminal of the communication terminal block within the DC energy storage cabinet. In this application, the energy storage converters are housed within the control cabinet. The DC energy storage cabinet can utilize the communication terminal block to establish a connection between the battery management system and the energy storage converters and energy management system housed within the control cabinet. This eliminates the need for a serial port server to connect multiple components within the DC energy storage cabinet to the energy management system within the control cabinet, thereby effectively reducing costs in the energy storage process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a control cabinet and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Commercial and industrial energy storage generates revenue through peak-valley arbitrage and has significant application prospects in industrial parks, shopping malls, and energy-intensive factories. Currently, the mainstream product for commercial and industrial energy storage is the energy storage cabinet; however, in most scenarios, a single energy storage cabinet cannot achieve maximum profitability, making parallel operation of multiple units the primary energy storage solution. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A multi-unit parallel energy storage solution includes multiple energy storage cabinets and a control cabinet. The energy management system (EMS) within the control cabinet controls the multiple energy storage cabinets. (Refer to...) Figure 2 In the specific setup process, each energy storage cabinet is equipped with a serial port server, thereby enabling communication between the power conversion system (PCS), battery management system (BMS), and energy management system within each energy storage cabinet.

[0003] Currently, in order to ensure that multiple components in each single energy storage cabinet are connected to the control cabinet, a serial port server needs to be configured in each energy storage cabinet, which increases the cost of the energy storage cabinet and the cost of the entire energy storage system. Therefore, the current multi-machine parallel solution and its communication solution are still relatively expensive. How to reduce costs is a technical problem that needs to be solved in the current energy storage process.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of this application and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a control cabinet and energy storage system, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to reduce costs in the energy storage process in the prior art.

[0006] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application provides a control cabinet, which includes: an energy management system and multiple energy storage converters; The second terminal of each of the energy storage converters is connected to the second terminal of the energy management system; the first terminal of each of the energy storage converters is connected to the first terminal of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet. The first end of the energy management system is connected to the second end of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet.

[0007] Optionally, the control cabinet further includes: a switch; the first end of each of the energy storage converters is connected to the corresponding first end of the switch, and the second end of the switch is connected to the energy management system.

[0008] Optionally, the third terminal of the energy storage converter is connected to the high-voltage box inside the DC energy storage cabinet via a DC cable.

[0009] Optionally, the control cabinet further includes: a power distribution assembly; The input terminal of the power distribution component is connected to an external power source, and the output terminal of the power distribution component is connected to the power source of the energy management system and the power source of the switch.

[0010] Optionally, the power distribution components include: a UPS, an analog-to-digital converter, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker, and a magnetic switch; The first terminal of the first circuit breaker and the first terminal of the second circuit breaker are both connected to an external power source via an AC bus. The second terminal of the first circuit breaker is connected to the first terminal of the coil of the magnetic switch and the first terminal of the first contact of the magnetic switch. The second end of the coil of the magnetic switch is connected to the second end of the first contact and the first end of the analog-to-digital converter unit, and the second end of the analog-to-digital converter unit is connected to the first end of the analog-to-digital converter unit. The second terminal of the second circuit breaker is connected to the first terminal of the UPS, the second terminal of the UPS is connected to the first terminal of the second contact of the magnetic switch, and the second terminal of the second contact of the magnetic switch is connected to the first terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. The first and second contacts of the magnetic switch are interlocked.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides an energy storage system, which includes: multiple DC energy storage cabinets and a control cabinet as described in any of the above claims; Each of the DC energy storage cabinets is connected to the first end of the energy management system in the control cabinet, and is also connected to the first end of the corresponding energy storage converter in the control cabinet.

[0012] Optionally, the DC energy storage cabinet includes: a communication terminal block, a high-voltage box equipped with a battery management system, and multiple energy storage units; The third end of the communication terminal block is connected to the first end of the battery management system inside the high-voltage box; the first end of the communication terminal block is connected to the first end of the energy storage converter inside the control cabinet. The second end of the communication terminal block is connected to the first end of the energy management system inside the control cabinet; The second end of the battery management system is connected to each of the energy storage units.

[0013] Optionally, the communication terminal blocks in each of the DC energy storage cabinets are connected in series, and the first end of each of the series-connected communication terminal blocks is connected to the first end of the energy management system in the control cabinet.

[0014] Optionally, the energy storage unit includes: an energy storage battery and a battery management unit; The second end of the battery management system is connected to the battery management unit via a communication cable; The third terminal of the battery management system is connected to the energy storage battery via a DC cable.

[0015] Optionally, the DC energy storage cabinet further includes: fire suppression components and temperature control components; The fire suppression component is connected to the fourth terminal of the battery management system; the temperature control component is connected to the fifth terminal of the battery management system.

[0016] This application provides a control cabinet and an energy storage system. The control cabinet includes an energy management system and multiple energy storage converters. A first terminal of each energy storage converter is connected to a first terminal of a communication terminal block within the DC energy storage cabinet. A second terminal of each energy storage converter is connected to a second terminal of the energy management system. The first terminal of the energy management system is connected to the second terminal of the communication terminal block within the DC energy storage cabinet. In this application, the energy storage converters are housed within the control cabinet. The energy storage converters and the energy management system housed within the control cabinet can establish a connection with the battery management system using the communication terminal block within the DC energy storage cabinet, eliminating the need for a serial port server and effectively reducing costs in the energy storage process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a physical schematic diagram of an energy storage system in known technologies; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system in known technologies; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the control cabinet proposed in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the energy storage converter in the first embodiment of the control cabinet proposed in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the control cabinet proposed in this application; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the power distribution components in the second embodiment of the control cabinet proposed in this application; Figure 7This is a physical schematic diagram of the energy storage system proposed in this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet in the energy storage system proposed in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet in the energy storage system proposed in this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system proposed in this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet proposed in this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. DC energy storage cabinet; 2. Control cabinet; 11. Communication terminal block; 12. High voltage box; 13. Energy storage unit; 14. Fire protection component; 15. Temperature control component; 21. Switch; 22. Power distribution component; EMS, Energy Control System; BMS, Battery Management System; BMU, Battery Management Unit; PCS, Energy Storage Converter; PACK, Energy Storage Battery; QF1~QF4, First Circuit Breaker to Fourth Circuit Breaker; T, Magnetic Switch Coil; K1~K2, First Contact to Second Contact of Magnetic Switch; AC / DC, Analog-to-Digital Converter Unit.

[0020] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0025] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the control cabinet proposed in this application. Based on Figure 3 The first embodiment of the control cabinet in this application is presented.

[0026] In this embodiment, the control cabinet 2 includes: an energy management system (EMS) and multiple energy storage converters (PCS); The second terminal of each of the energy storage converters (PCS) is connected to the second terminal of the energy management system (EMS); the first terminal of each of the energy storage converters (PCS) is connected to the first terminal of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet. The first end of the energy management system (EMS) is connected to the second end of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet.

[0027] It should be understood that the control cabinet 2 is typically connected to the energy storage cabinet, and the energy management system (EMS) within the control cabinet 2 is usually used to control the operating status of each energy storage cabinet. Considering that the control cabinet 2 typically only houses the energy management system (EMS) and related auxiliary devices, some space within the control cabinet 2 is often not effectively utilized. In this embodiment, the AC-side components within the energy storage cabinet can be directly installed within the control cabinet 2. (Refer to...) Figure 4 By strategically placing the energy storage converter PCS within the control cabinet 2, the overall space utilization within the control cabinet 2 is effectively improved.

[0028] In the specific communication process, the first end of the Energy Management System (EMS) inside the control cabinet 2 can be directly connected to the first end of the communication terminal block 11 inside the DC energy storage cabinet, thereby realizing communication between the Energy Management System (EMS) and the Battery Management System (BMS) inside the DC energy storage cabinet 1. Furthermore, inside the control cabinet 2, the Energy Management System (EMS) can directly establish a connection with the Energy Storage Converter (PCS), realizing communication between the Energy Management System (EMS) and the Energy Storage Converter (PCS). Further, the first end of the Energy Storage Converter (PCS) located inside the control cabinet 2 can be connected to the first end of the communication terminal block 11, thereby enabling communication between the Energy Storage Converter (PCS) and the Battery Management System (BMS) through the communication terminal block 11.

[0029] Regarding the communication process between the Energy Management System (EMS), the Energy Storage Converter (PCS), and the Battery Management System (BMS) within the control cabinet 2, information output by the PCS can be input through the first terminal of the communication terminal block 11, and information output by the EMS can also be input through the first terminal of the communication terminal block 11, then output to the BMS via the third terminal of the communication terminal block 11. The BMS can receive operating mode commands from the EMS and query cell data of the energy storage unit 13 through the communication terminal block 11, thereby controlling the charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit 13 according to the received commands. The EMS can also receive information such as the State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) uploaded by the BMS from the BMS through the communication terminal block 11, thereby determining the specific operating state of the energy storage unit 13. For example, the Battery Management System (BMS) can also transmit battery SOC, temperature, voltage, and alarm information to the Power Storage Converter (PCS) in the control cabinet 2 via the communication terminal block 11, thereby controlling the operating power of the PCS. Between the Energy Management System (EMS) and the PCS, the EMS can directly output power commands to the PCS to control its operating status, while the PCS can transmit real-time data, such as current and voltage, to the EMS.

[0030] In this embodiment, by placing the AC side components inside the control cabinet 2, the space utilization of the control cabinet 2 can be effectively improved without affecting the communication between the energy management system (EMS), the energy storage converter (PCS), and the battery management system (BMS) inside the control cabinet. Furthermore, there is no need to set up a serial port server inside the DC energy storage cabinet 1, which can reduce the cost of the DC energy storage cabinet 1.

[0031] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the control cabinet proposed in this application. The second embodiment of the control cabinet in this application is proposed based on the first embodiment described above.

[0032] It should be understood that a control cabinet 2 is typically connected to multiple energy storage cabinets. Therefore, with the AC-side components in each energy storage cabinet housed within the control cabinet, multiple energy storage converters (PCS) need to establish connections with the energy management system (EMS). However, considering that the number of ports available for connection within the EMS is usually limited, a switch 21 can also be installed within the control cabinet 2 in this embodiment. The switch 21 establishes a connection between each energy storage converter (PCS) and the EMS, enabling communication between the PCS and the EMS.

[0033] In the specific setup process, the first end of each of the energy storage converters (PCS) can be connected to the corresponding first end of the switch 21, and the second end of the switch 21 can be connected to the energy management system (EMS). The first end of the switch 21 is a port for connecting the energy storage converters (PCS), and multiple such first ends are typically provided. The second end is a port for connecting to the energy management system (EMS), and usually only one port is needed for communication with the EMS. Each energy storage converter (PCS) can transmit communication information to the energy management system (EMS) via Ethernet communication through the switch 21. Each energy storage converter (PCS) in the control cabinet 2 is connected to the switch 21 via an Ethernet cable, and the switch 21 leads an Ethernet cable to the energy management system (EMS). The energy management system (EMS) communicates through assigned addresses. Compared to the solution where the energy storage converters (PCS) need to be connected to the control cabinet 2 via external cabling, this saves on the network ports and Ethernet cables of the energy management system (EMS).

[0034] During the communication process, the Energy Management System (EMS) can use the switch 21 to output control commands, power commands, and other commands to each Energy Storage Converter (PCS) to control the operating status of each PCS. Conversely, each PCS can also use the switch 21 to transmit its current operating parameters, such as voltage and current, to the EMS.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the third terminal of each of the energy storage converters (PCS) is connected to the high-voltage box inside the DC energy storage cabinet 1 via a DC cable.

[0036] It should be understood that, considering the AC-side components such as the energy storage converter PCS installed in the control cabinet 2 need to be powered by the energy storage battery PACK in the DC energy storage cabinet 1, the third terminal of the energy storage converter PCS installed in the control cabinet 2 can be directly connected to the high-voltage box 12 in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 via a DC cable. The DC voltage in the energy storage battery PACK is then directly input to the energy storage converter PCS and other components in the control cabinet 2 through the high-voltage box 12 and the DC cable, thereby providing the required operating voltage for the energy storage converter PCS and other components.

[0037] In known solutions, AC-side components are typically housed within the energy storage cabinet. Therefore, when components like the PSC need to output AC-related information, voltage, or other parameters, a connection to the control cabinet 2 must be established via AC cables. However, there is a distance between the control cabinet 2 and the energy storage cabinet, making the AC cables connecting them typically costly. For example, using n* ZRC-YJV22-0.6 / 1KV-3*50+1*25mm² AC cables results in significant costs. However, using DC cables to connect the high-voltage box 12 to the energy storage converter PCS effectively reduces the cost of DC voltage transmission. For instance, using n*2 single-core 50mm² DC cables reduces costs by 0.003 yuan / watt-hour compared to using n* ZRC-YJV22-0.6 / 1KV-3*50+1*25mm² AC cables.

[0038] In addition, in this embodiment, the control cabinet 2 also includes: power distribution component 22, surge protection component, etc.

[0039] The input terminal of the power distribution component 22 is connected to an external power source, and the output terminal of the power distribution component 22 is connected to the power source of the energy management system (EMS) and the power source of the switch 21.

[0040] It should be understood that the Energy Management System (EMS) and Switch 21, among other components, housed within the control cabinet 2 require their own power supply to operate normally. Therefore, a power distribution component 22 is also installed within the control cabinet 2. This component provides the necessary operating voltage for the EMS, Switch 21, surge protectors, and other components. An external power supply provides power to the entire control cabinet 2; this external power supply can be either AC or DC.

[0041] In the specific setup process, the input terminal of the power distribution component 22 can be connected to an external power source, and the output terminal can be connected to the power supply terminals of components such as the energy management system (EMS) and the switch 21 within the control cabinet 2. The power distribution component 22 can convert the power supply voltage input from the external power source into the operating voltage required by the energy management system (EMS) and the switch 21, and then input it to the power supply terminals of each component. When the external power source is AC, considering that components such as the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS) require DC voltage for power supply, a voltage conversion unit is typically installed within the power distribution component 22 to convert the AC voltage provided by the external power source into the DC voltage required by the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS).

[0042] Reference Figure 6 The power distribution assembly 22 includes: an analog-to-digital converter 221 and a first circuit breaker QF1; The first terminal of the first circuit breaker QF1 is connected to an external power source via an AC bus, and the second terminal of the first circuit breaker QF1 is connected to the first terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 221. The second terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 221 is connected to the power source of the energy management system EMS and the power source of the switch 21.

[0043] It should be noted that the external power supply is usually an AC power supply directly connected to the control cabinet 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 221 is provided inside the power distribution component 22. This ADC 221 can convert the AC voltage input from the external power supply into DC voltage, thereby supplying power to components such as the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS). The first circuit breaker QF1 is a device used to control the connection and disconnection between the AC bus and the ADC 221.

[0044] In practice, the AC voltage provided by the external power supply is input through the AC bus in the control cabinet 2. When the first circuit breaker QF1 is turned on, the AC voltage on the AC bus can be input to the analog-to-digital converter unit 221 through the first circuit breaker QF1. The analog-to-digital converter unit 221 can convert the AC voltage into the corresponding DC voltage, and then input the DC voltage to the power supply terminals of the switch 21 and the energy management system EMS and other components.

[0045] Typically, voltage conversion units are installed within the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS). These units reduce the DC voltage output from the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 221 to power the switch 21 and the EMS when the output voltage does not match the required voltage for each component. Alternatively, if the switch 21 and EMS lack a voltage conversion unit, a voltage conversion unit, such as a Buck circuit, can be installed within the power distribution component 22 to perform voltage conversion.

[0046] It is understandable that external power supply may experience abnormalities such as failure to supply power normally or fluctuations in power supply voltage, which may cause the energy management system (EMS) and components such as switch 21 to malfunction. Therefore, in this embodiment, the power distribution component 22 is also equipped with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a second circuit breaker QF2, and a magnetic switch. The first end of the coil T of the magnetic switch and the first end of the first contact K1 of the magnetic switch are connected to the second end of the first circuit breaker QF1. The second end of the coil T of the magnetic switch is connected to the second end of the first contact K1 and the first end of the analog-to-digital converter 221. The first end of the second circuit breaker QF2 is connected to an external power supply through an AC bus. The second end of the second circuit breaker QF2 is connected to the first end of the UPS. The second end of the UPS is connected to the first end of the second contact K2 of the magnetic switch. The second end of the second contact K2 of the magnetic switch is connected to the first end of the analog-to-digital converter 221.

[0047] It should be noted that a UPS is an auxiliary power supply that can continuously provide the required power voltage to the load. When the external power supply cannot provide a stable power voltage, the UPS can output power to maintain the normal power supply to components such as the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS). The second circuit breaker QF2 is located between the AC bus and the UPS. Typically, a UPS is an energy storage device with limited internal energy storage. When the external power supply provides a normal power voltage, the AC voltage on the AC bus can be used to charge the UPS by opening the second circuit breaker QF2.

[0048] It should be understood that, with a UPS installed, there only needs to be a connection between the external power supply and the UPS to provide AC voltage to the analog-to-digital converter 221. Therefore, in this embodiment, a magnetic switch is also provided, which includes a coil T, a first contact K1, and a second contact K2. When the first contact K1 is closed, the AC voltage on the AC bus can provide AC voltage to the analog-to-digital converter 221 through the first circuit breaker QF1 and the first contact K1. When the second contact K2 is closed, the UPS can provide AC voltage to the analog-to-digital converter 221 through the second contact K2. The first contact K1 and the second contact K2 are interlocked, ensuring that only one contact is closed at any given time.

[0049] During the power supply process, when an external power source can normally input AC voltage through the AC bus, the first circuit breaker QF1 is turned on. At this time, the AC voltage flows through the coil T of the magnetic switch. With the coil T energized, the first contact K1 closes and the second contact K2 opens. The AC voltage on the AC bus can be output to the analog-to-digital converter unit 221 through the first circuit breaker QF1 and the first contact K1. The DC voltage obtained after analog-to-digital conversion can power the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS) and other component enclosures. Simultaneously, the second circuit breaker QF2 is closed, and the AC voltage on the AC bus can be used to charge the UPS. When an external AC voltage cannot be normally supplied, there is no AC voltage on the AC bus. At this time, the coil T is not energized, the first contact K1 opens, and the second contact K2 closes. The UPS can output AC voltage to the analog-to-digital converter unit 221 through the second contact K2. The DC voltage obtained after analog-to-digital conversion can power the switch 21 and the energy management system (EMS) and other component enclosures. When the UPS supplies power to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 221, the first circuit breaker QF1 and the second circuit breaker QF2 are in the off state.

[0050] Furthermore, other components within the control cabinet 2 may require power. Therefore, in this embodiment, additional mains power outlets and debugging outlets are also provided. The mains power outlet can be connected to the AC bus via the third circuit breaker QF3, reserving a power supply terminal in the control cabinet 2 to supply power to other components. The debugging outlet can be connected to the AC bus via the fourth circuit breaker QF4. This debugging outlet can be connected to debugging equipment, which can adjust the AC voltage input from the external power source based on the AC voltage displayed on the debugging outlet, to prevent the external AC voltage input from failing to properly power the components within the control cabinet 2.

[0051] Based on the implementation of the control cabinet, an embodiment of the energy storage system of this application is presented. (Refer to...) Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a physical schematic diagram of the energy storage system proposed in this application.

[0052] In this embodiment, the energy storage system includes: the control cabinet 2 described in any of the above embodiments and a plurality of DC energy storage cabinets 1.

[0053] Each battery management system (BMS) in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 is connected to the energy management system (EMS) in the control cabinet 2 via communication terminal block 11, and is also connected to the corresponding energy storage converter (PCS) located in the control cabinet 2 via communication terminal block 11. Each BMS in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 can communicate with the EMS in the control cabinet 2, and also with the corresponding energy storage converter (PCS) in the control cabinet 2.

[0054] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet in the energy storage system proposed in this application. Based on Figure 7 The first embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet of the energy storage system of this application is presented.

[0055] In this embodiment, the DC energy storage cabinet 1 includes: a communication terminal block 11, a high-voltage box 12 equipped with a battery management system (BMS), and multiple energy storage units 13; The third end of the communication terminal block 11 is connected to the first end of the battery management system (BMS) inside the high voltage box 12; the first end of the communication terminal block 11 is connected to the first end of the energy storage converter (PCS) inside the control cabinet 2. The first end of the communication terminal block 11 is connected to the first end of the energy management system (EMS) inside the control cabinet 2; The second end of the battery management system (BMS) is connected to each of the energy storage units 13.

[0056] It should be understood that the DC energy storage cabinet 1 is a cabinet used to house the DC-side components within the energy storage unit. The DC energy storage cabinet 1 contains an energy storage unit 13, which stores energy, such as a storage battery. The AC-side components are not located inside the DC energy storage cabinet 1; these components may include, but are not limited to, a power converter (PCS) and AC outputs. The high-voltage box 12 is a high-voltage control component located within the DC energy storage cabinet 1. The high-voltage box 12 contains a battery management system (BMS), which primarily controls the charging and discharging state of the battery. In this embodiment, the BMS can communicate with the power converter (PCS) and energy management system (EMS) located within the control cabinet 2, thereby controlling the energy output within the energy storage unit 13. The power converter (PCS) is a bidirectional power conversion device connecting the energy storage unit 13 to the power grid, consisting of a DC / AC bidirectional converter, a control unit, and other components. Its main functions include controlling the charging and discharging process of energy storage unit 13, regulating grid power, and obtaining real-time status information of the batteries in energy storage unit 13 through connection with energy storage unit 13. The energy management system (EMS) is a system used for overall control of energy dispatching in the grid and energy storage unit 13. The energy management system (EMS) can communicate with the battery management system (BMS) in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 to control the charging and discharging process of energy storage unit 13 in the DC energy storage cabinet 1.

[0057] It is understood that the communication terminal block 11 is a communication device used to establish a connection between the Battery Management System (BMS) in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 and the Energy Management System (EMS) and Energy Storage Converter (PCS) in the control cabinet 2. The third terminal of the communication terminal block 11 can be connected to the BMS, the second terminal to the PCS, and the third terminal to the EMS. In this case, the BMS can communicate directly with the EMS and PCS through the communication terminal block 11. The communication between the PCS and the BMS can be via CAN communication, and a shielded twisted-pair 2-core 0.5 square millimeter CAN communication cable can be used for the connection.

[0058] In the specific communication process, the first terminal of the Battery Management System (BMS) can output the information to be transmitted to the communication terminal block 11. The communication terminal block 11 can determine the specific component to which the information needs to be transmitted, and then transmit the information to the first terminal of the Energy Storage Converter (PCS) through the second terminal or to the first terminal of the Energy Management System (EMS) through the third terminal. For example, the BMS can receive operating mode commands output by the EMS through the communication terminal block 11, query the cell data of the energy storage unit 13, and then control the charging and discharging process of the energy storage unit 13 according to the received commands. The EMS can also receive information such as the State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) of the energy storage unit 13 uploaded by the BMS through the communication terminal block 11, and then determine the specific operating state of the energy storage unit 13. For another example, the BMS can also transmit the SOC, temperature, voltage, and alarm information of the battery to the PCS in the control cabinet 2 through the communication terminal block 11, and then control the operating power of the PCS.

[0059] It should be noted that when no AC-side components are installed in the DC energy storage cabinet 1, the number of components in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 that need to communicate with the energy management system (EMS) in the control cabinet 2 is greatly reduced. In this case, even without a serial port server, a connection can be established between the battery management system (BMS) in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 and the control cabinet 20 using only the communication terminal block 11. This enables communication between the energy management system (EMS), the energy storage converter (PCS), and the battery management system (BMS). Considering that the cost of a serial port server is much higher than that of a communication terminal block, in this embodiment, by installing the AC-side components in the control cabinet 2 and then directly communicating between the battery management system (BMS), the energy management system (EMS), and the energy storage converter (PCS) through the communication terminal block 11, the cost of the DC energy storage cabinet 1 can be significantly reduced.

[0060] Furthermore, since the AC and DC sides of the high-voltage box 12 are separated, the control equipment such as the energy management system (EMS) and the switch are located on the AC side, accounting for more than 70% of the power consumption. The power consumption of the remaining components such as the battery management system (BMS), battery management unit (BMU), and others is usually less than 10W. Therefore, the power selection of the switching power supply for the dual power supply of the control equipment of the high-voltage box 12 can be reduced. For example, even with a conversion efficiency of 90%, a 100W, 24V switching power supply still leaves a margin of about 80W. Considering factors such as product specifications, actual power consumption error, and peak power, the output energy margin of a 100W, 24V switching power supply is sufficient. Therefore, the cost of the control process can be further reduced on the high-voltage box 12 side.

[0061] In this embodiment, the DC energy storage cabinet 1 includes: a third terminal of the communication terminal block 11 connected to the first terminal of the battery management system (BMS) inside the high-voltage box 12; a first terminal of the communication terminal block 11 connected to the first terminal of the energy storage converter (PCS) inside the control cabinet 2; a first terminal of the communication terminal block 11 connected to the first terminal of the energy management system (EMS) inside the control cabinet 2; and a second terminal of the battery management system (BMS) connected to each of the energy storage units 13. In this application, the energy storage converter (PCS) is located inside the control cabinet 2. The DC energy storage cabinet 1 can use the communication terminal block 11 to establish a connection between the battery management system (BMS) and the energy storage converter (PCS) and energy management system (EMS) located in the control cabinet 2. This eliminates the need for a serial port server to connect multiple components within the DC energy storage cabinet to the energy management system (EMS) in the control cabinet 2, thereby effectively reducing costs during the energy storage process. Based on the first embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet in the energy storage system described above, a second embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet in the energy storage system of this application is proposed. (Refer to...) Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the DC energy storage cabinet in the energy storage system proposed in this application.

[0062] The energy storage unit 13 includes an energy storage battery PACK and a battery management unit (BMU); the second terminal of the battery management system (BMS) is connected to the battery management unit (BMU) via a communication cable; the third terminal of the battery management system (BMS) is connected to the energy storage battery PACK via a DC cable.

[0063] It should be noted that the Battery Management Unit (BMU) is the most basic unit in the battery management system. The BMU is responsible for monitoring and managing individual battery modules. For example, it collects information such as temperature and voltage within a single energy storage battery pack and analyzes information such as SOC and SOH of a single energy storage battery pack.

[0064] In practice, the Battery Management Unit (BMU) can passively collect parameters such as output voltage and temperature of the energy storage battery pack based on received instructions. Alternatively, the BMU can actively collect these parameters and transmit them to the Battery Management System (BMS). Furthermore, the BMU can directly analyze the state of the energy storage battery pack based on the collected parameters and then send the analyzed state parameters to the BMS.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the third terminal of the battery management system (BMS) can also be connected to an energy storage battery pack. This third terminal of the BMS serves as its power supply terminal, and the battery voltage output from the energy storage battery pack can provide the required operating voltage for the BMS. Of course, if the battery voltage output from the energy storage battery pack is inconsistent with the operating voltage required by the BMS, voltage conversion components can be used to adjust the battery voltage, thereby obtaining the required operating voltage for the BMS and supplying power to it.

[0066] Furthermore, in known solutions, AC-side components are typically also housed within the energy storage cabinet. Therefore, when components such as the PSC need to output AC-related information, voltage, or other parameters, a connection to the control cabinet 2 must be established via AC cables. However, there is a certain distance between the control cabinet 2 and the energy storage cabinet, making the AC cables connecting them typically costly. For example, using n* ZRC-YJV22-0.6 / 1KV-3*50+1*25mm² AC cables results in significant costs. Considering that AC-side components such as the energy storage converter PCS housed within the control cabinet 2 require power from the energy storage battery PACK within the DC energy storage cabinet 1, the energy storage converter PCS housed within the control cabinet 2 can be directly connected to the high-voltage box 12 within the DC energy storage cabinet 1 via DC cables. The DC voltage from the energy storage battery PACK can then be directly input to the energy storage converter PCS housed within the control cabinet 2 via the high-voltage box 12 and the DC cables. For example, using n*2 single-core 50mm² DC cables, the cost can be reduced by 0.003 yuan / watt-hour compared to using n*ZRC-YJV22-0.6 / 1KV-3*50+1*25mm² AC cables. Of course, the specific cost reduction will vary slightly for other types of AC and DC cables. Here, n represents the number of cables combined into a single unit.

[0067] The DC energy storage cabinet 1 also includes fire-fighting components 14 and temperature control components 15, as well as other supporting devices that need to be installed inside the cabinet.

[0068] It should be noted that the supporting devices mainly provide auxiliary control for the energy storage unit 13 within the DC energy storage cabinet 1 during the charging and discharging process. The temperature control component 15 controls the temperature of the energy storage battery pack during operation. For example, if the temperature of the energy storage battery pack is too high, the temperature control component 15 can cool it down; at startup, it can heat the energy storage battery pack to ensure it reaches its optimal operating state as quickly as possible. The temperature control component 15 can utilize devices such as a 3kW air conditioner or fan. The fire suppression component 14 is used to promptly extinguish any abnormal fires caused by the energy storage battery pack during operation. This fire suppression component 14 may include components such as smoke and temperature sensors and aerosol sensors. In this embodiment, the fire suppression component 14 and the temperature control component 15, among other supporting devices installed within the cabinet, can be connected to the battery management system (BMS) via an RS485 interface and connecting cable.

[0069] In this embodiment, during the actual operation of the DC energy storage cabinet 1, the fire suppression component 14 and the temperature control component 15 can be directly connected to the battery management system (BMS), thereby controlling the fire suppression component 14 and the temperature control component through the BMS. Specifically, the fire suppression component 14 is connected to the fourth terminal of the BMS; and the temperature control component 15 is connected to the fifth terminal of the BMS.

[0070] In practical implementation, the Battery Management System (BMS) can control the operating status of the temperature control component 15 based on the temperature exhibited by the energy storage battery pack during operation. This allows for timely adjustment of the energy storage battery pack temperature to the optimal operating temperature under unsuitable conditions. Furthermore, the BMS can also activate the fire suppression component 14 via command when it detects a fire risk in the energy storage battery pack, thus preventing a fire in the DC energy storage cabinet 1.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, considering that the AC-side components are located within the control cabinet 2, no additional space is needed within the DC control cabinet 1 to house the AC-side components, effectively reducing the space required for the AC energy storage cabinet 2. Moreover, with the AC-side components located in the control cabinet 2, only the DC-side components are housed in the DC control cabinet 1. There is no longer any electrical interference between the AC-side components in the control cabinet 2 and the DC-side components in the DC energy storage cabinet 2. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to install electrical isolation components, such as electrical compartments, between the DC-side and AC-side components, further reducing the overall space required for the DC energy storage cabinet 2. Actual data shows that with the AC-side components located in the control cabinet 2, there are further cost savings in cabinet space, averaging a saving of 0.02 yuan per watt-hour.

[0072] Furthermore, refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system proposed in this application.

[0073] exist Figure 10 In this design, each Battery Management System (BMS) in DC energy storage cabinet 1 needs to establish a connection with the Energy Management System (EMS) in control cabinet 2. The EMS in control cabinet 2 then assigns addresses to each BMS in DC energy storage cabinet 1, enabling communication between the EMS and the BMS in each DC energy storage cabinet 1. This process requires numerous ports on the EMS to facilitate address assignment and subsequent communication. Furthermore, the connection between each DC energy storage cabinet 1 and the EMS in control cabinet 2 involves a significant number of cables, further increasing cable costs.

[0074] Considering the above problems, in this embodiment, a connection can be established between the communication terminal blocks 11 in each DC energy storage cabinet 1, and then some of the communication terminal blocks 11 can be connected to the energy management system (EMS) in the control cabinet 2. In specific implementation, some communication terminal blocks 11 can be selected as main communication terminal blocks for connecting to the energy management system (EMS), and the remaining communication terminal blocks 11 can be selected as slave communication terminal blocks and connected to the main communication terminal blocks.

[0075] Reference Figure 11In the energy storage system of this application, considering the port configuration of the Energy Management System (EMS) and the cost of cables, one communication terminal block 11 can be used as the main communication terminal block to establish a connection with the EMS. All other communication terminal blocks 11 can be used as slave communication terminal blocks, connected in series with the main communication terminal block for communication with the EMS. This series connection of the communication terminal blocks 11 also effectively saves on cable costs between the main and slave communication terminal blocks. Figure 11 In the communication terminal block, the high-voltage interface CAN-H1 of communication terminal block 11 is used to connect to the high-voltage interface CAN-H1 of the next communication terminal block 11, and the high-voltage interface CAN-H2 of communication terminal block 11 is used to connect to the high-voltage interface CAN-H2 of the previous communication terminal block 11; the low-voltage interface CAN-L1 of communication terminal block 11 is used to connect to the low-voltage interface CAN-L1 of the next communication terminal block 11, and the low-voltage interface CAN-L2 of communication terminal block 11 is used to connect to the low-voltage interface CAN-L2 of the previous communication terminal block 11. For the main communication terminal block, the high-voltage interface CAN-H2 and the low-voltage interface CAN-L2 of communication terminal block 11 are used to connect to the energy management system (EMS).

[0076] In the specific implementation process, the Energy Management System (EMS) within the control cabinet 2 can assign addresses to the Battery Management System (BMS) connected to each of the communication terminal blocks 11 connected in series. During communication, the EMS can also transmit communication information to the slave communication terminal blocks connected to the receiving BMS via the directly connected main communication terminal block, and then transmit it to the BMS. BMSs directly connected to the main communication terminal block can directly upload communication information through the main communication terminal block, while other BMSs can transmit their uploaded communication information to the main communication terminal block via their respective connected slave communication terminal blocks, and then upload it to the EMS via the main communication terminal block.

[0077] from Figure 10From an overall perspective, compared to the scheme where the AC side is located within the energy storage cabinet, this energy storage system requires additional cabling, including: CAN communication cable between the Battery Management System (BMS) and the Energy Storage Converter (PCS): n*1 2-core 0.5mm² shielded twisted pair cable; CAN communication cable connected in series with the communication terminal block: n*1 2-core 0.5mm² shielded twisted pair cable; DC cable from high-voltage box 12 to the Energy Storage Converter (PCS): n*2 single-core 50mm² DC cables; DC power supply cable between the energy storage battery pack and the Battery Management System (BMS) within DC energy storage cabinet 1: n*2 single-core 6mm² DC cables. The system also reduces cabling, including: Ethernet communication cable from the serial server to the control cabinet 2: n*Category 6 unshielded twisted pair cable; AC cable from the Energy Storage Converter (PCS) to the busbar of control cabinet 2: n*ZRC-YJV22-0.6 / 1KV-3*50+1*25mm² cable. The reduced cables are high-cost cables with higher costs and longer required lengths, while the increased cables are low-cost cables with lower costs and relatively shorter lengths, thereby effectively reducing the cable costs of energy storage systems.

[0078] From the perspective of overall cabinet cost, the AC / DC separation scheme for energy storage cabinets, by separating the AC and DC sides, saves space on the AC side and electrical isolation space compared to conventional energy storage cabinets. The AC side power distribution equipment (such as the energy storage converter PCS) is integrated into the energy storage converter PCS control cabinet. Through the rational arrangement of the energy storage converter PCS, cabinet space can be saved to the greatest extent. Calculations based on actual design data show that the AC / DC separation scheme has significant space savings, averaging 0.02 yuan per watt-hour, demonstrating good economic efficiency.

[0079] In this embodiment, the specific connection method and operation method of other components in the DC energy storage cabinet 1 and the control cabinet 2 in the energy storage system can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments of the DC energy storage cabinet 1 and the control cabinet 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A marshalling cabinet, characterized in that The control cabinet includes: an energy management system and multiple energy storage converters; The first terminal of each of the energy storage converters is used to connect to the first terminal of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet; The second terminal of each of the energy storage converters is connected to the second terminal of the energy management system; The first end of the energy management system is used to connect to the second end of the communication terminal block inside the DC energy storage cabinet.

2. The switchgear cabinet of claim 1, wherein, The control cabinet also includes: a switch; the first end of each of the energy storage converters is connected to the first end of the corresponding switch, and the second end of the switch is connected to the second end of the energy management system.

3. The switchgear cabinet of claim 2, wherein, The third terminal of the energy storage converter is connected to the high-voltage box inside the DC energy storage cabinet via a DC cable. The third terminal of the energy storage converter is the power supply terminal that receives the power supply voltage output from the high-voltage box.

4. The switchgear cabinet of claim 2, wherein, The control cabinet also includes: power distribution components; The input terminal of the power distribution component is connected to an external power source, and the output terminal of the power distribution component is connected to the power source of the energy management system and the power source of the switch.

5. The switchgear cabinet of claim 4, wherein, The power distribution components include: a UPS, an analog-to-digital converter, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker, and a magnetic switch; The first terminal of the first circuit breaker and the first terminal of the second circuit breaker are both connected to an external power source via an AC bus. The second terminal of the first circuit breaker is connected to the first terminal of the coil of the magnetic switch and the first terminal of the first contact of the magnetic switch. The second end of the coil of the magnetic switch is connected to the second end of the first contact and the first end of the analog-to-digital converter unit. The second end of the analog-to-digital converter unit is connected to the power supply terminal of the energy management system and the power supply terminal of the switch. The second terminal of the second circuit breaker is connected to the first terminal of the UPS, the second terminal of the UPS is connected to the first terminal of the second contact of the magnetic switch, and the second terminal of the second contact of the magnetic switch is connected to the first terminal of the analog-to-digital converter. The first and second contacts of the magnetic switch are interlocked.

6. An energy storage system characterized by, The energy storage system includes: multiple DC energy storage cabinets and a control cabinet as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; Each of the DC energy storage cabinets is connected to the first end of the energy management system in the control cabinet, and is also connected to the first end of the corresponding energy storage converter in the control cabinet.

7. The energy storage system of claim 6, wherein, Each of the aforementioned DC energy storage cabinets includes: a communication terminal block, a high-voltage box equipped with a battery management system, and multiple energy storage units; The third end of the communication terminal block is connected to the first end of the battery management system inside the high-voltage box; the first end of the communication terminal block is connected to the first end of the energy storage converter inside the control cabinet. The second end of the communication terminal block is connected to the first end of the energy management system inside the control cabinet; The second end of the battery management system is connected to each of the energy storage units.

8. The energy storage system of claim 7, wherein, The communication terminal blocks in each of the DC energy storage cabinets are connected in series, and the first end of each of the series-connected communication terminal blocks is connected to the first end of the energy management system in the control cabinet.

9. The energy storage system of claim 7, wherein, The energy storage unit includes: an energy storage battery and a battery management unit; The second end of the battery management system is connected to the battery management unit via a communication cable; The third terminal of the battery management system is connected to the energy storage battery via a DC cable.

10. The energy storage system of claim 7, wherein, The DC energy storage cabinet also includes: fire protection components and temperature control components; The fire suppression component is connected to the fourth terminal of the battery management system; the temperature control component is connected to the fifth terminal of the battery management system.

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