Distributed DTU public units

Abstract

This utility model discloses a distributed station DTU common unit, including a communication module and a data acquisition module connected to the main control module. The communication module includes a wireless communication module, an Ethernet communication module, and a Bluetooth module. The wireless communication module includes a wireless communication router, and the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router is connected to the SIM card slot and a TVS diode. This utility model sets up multiple types of communication modules in the common unit to flexibly adapt to different scenarios, ensuring the reliability of communication connections. Furthermore, the connection of the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router to the TVS diode can prevent damage to the wireless module when inserting or removing the SIM card slot, further improving the reliability of data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power system technology, specifically to a distributed substation DTU common unit. Background Technology

[0002] Data Transfer Units (DTUs) are widely used in power distribution networks as measurement and control terminals. DTUs are divided into centralized DTUs and distributed DTUs in terms of design structure. Given the shortcomings of centralized DTUs, such as difficulty in expanding the bay, inflexible maintenance and operation, and excessive terminal size, the design mode of power distribution terminals has gradually shifted to distributed DTU terminals.

[0003] A distributed control unit (DTU) terminal consists of one common unit and several bay unit terminals. The common unit of the distributed DTU terminal establishes a data transmission channel with the distribution network master station, and is mainly responsible for sending electrical and switching quantity information collected by the bay units to the distribution network master station. At the same time, it forwards the operation commands of the distribution network master station to the bay units, thereby realizing data interaction between the distribution network master station and each bay unit. This interactive data is the foundation for realizing technical functions such as rapid fault isolation and remote precise control. Therefore, ensuring the reliability of data transmission is crucial for the stable operation of the distribution network automation system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is how to improve the reliability of data transmission in distributed station DTU common units.

[0005] This utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: A distributed station DTU common unit is adopted, including a communication module and a data acquisition module connected to the main control module. The communication module includes a wireless communication module, an Ethernet communication module and a Bluetooth module. The wireless communication module includes a wireless communication router, and the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router is connected to the SIM card slot and the TVS diode.

[0006] Furthermore, the Bluetooth module includes a Bluetooth transmission chip, capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel between the voltage pin VCC and the ground pin GND of the Bluetooth transmission chip, and the reset pin RST of the Bluetooth transmission chip is connected between the series capacitor C3 and the resistor R7. The Bluetooth transmission chip connects the receive pin RX to resistors R3 and R1 in series, the transmit pin TX to resistors R4 and R2 in series, the data transmission request pin BRTS to resistor R6, the data input signal pin BCTS to resistor R5, and the RESTORE pin to resistor R8.

[0007] Furthermore, the main control module adopts a hardware architecture that includes an MCU main control chip and an ARM processor, with the MCU main control chip and the ARM processor connected together; The acquisition module is connected to the MCU main control chip, and the communication module is connected to the ARM processor.

[0008] Furthermore, the acquisition module is a switch module, which is connected to the switch quantity acquisition circuit in the MCU main control chip.

[0009] Furthermore, the MCU main control chip is also connected to a GPS time synchronization module and an LED array, and the ARM processor is also connected to a power module and an encryption module; The ARM processor also has a debug interface.

[0010] Furthermore, the GPS time synchronization module includes a GPS module, the RF_IN pin of the GPS module is connected to an RF coaxial cable connector, and the RF_IN pin is also connected to a TVS diode D60; The transmit / receive pins of the GPS module are connected to the RS485 communication circuit in the ARM processor.

[0011] Furthermore, the RS485 communication circuit includes an RS485 chip, the front stage of which is powered by 3.3V, and the rear stage is powered by a DC1 isolated power supply module outputting 5V. Pins A and B of the RS485 chip convert the GPS clock signal into a differential signal and output it to an external terminal. Pin A is connected to a resettable fuse F4, and pin B is connected to a resettable fuse F3. TVS diodes D46 and D47 are connected in parallel between pin A and pin B, and pin A is also grounded through TVS diode D48.

[0012] Furthermore, an RS232 communication circuit is set between the MCU main control chip and the PC host. The RS232 communication circuit includes a digital isolator, a serial port chip and an Ethernet connector. The digital isolator outputs an isolation signal to the serial port chip, and the serial port chip converts the isolation signal into an RS232 level and outputs it to the Ethernet connector. A TVS diode U15 is connected between the transmit and receive pins of the Ethernet connector.

[0013] Furthermore, the encryption module includes an encryption chip, which is connected to the ARM processor via an SPI interface.

[0014] The advantages of this utility model are: (1) This utility model sets up multiple types of communication modules in the common unit to flexibly apply to different scenarios, ensure the reliability of communication connection, and the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router is connected to the TVS tube, which can prevent damage to the wireless module when inserting or removing the SIM card slot, and further improve the reliability of data transmission.

[0015] (2) Bluetooth modules have the characteristics of low power consumption, small size, long transmission distance and strong anti-interference ability, which can further improve the reliability of data transmission.

[0016] (3) A self-resetting fuse is set in the RS485 communication circuit. When there is external interference, it can block the flow of large voltage and large current into the RS485 chip. Furthermore, by setting TVS tubes D46, D47, and D48, when the self-resetting fuse cannot filter out the interference, the energy can be released in time, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0017] (4) The GPS time synchronization module supports multiple satellite navigation systems, including Beidou satellite navigation system, GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS, SBAS, etc. The RF input pin RF_IN of the GPS module is also equipped with a TVS tube on the connection line with the RF coaxial cable connector to protect the module from damage caused by excessive GPS RF_IN signal voltage.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of this utility model. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a distributed station DTU public unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless communication module in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth module in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a Ethernet PHY chip in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an ESD protection diode in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a network isolation transformer in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the switch quantity acquisition circuit in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a GPS time synchronization module in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the RS485 communication circuit in one embodiment of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the RS232 communication circuit in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the encryption module in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, one embodiment of this utility model proposes a distributed station DTU common unit, including a communication module and a data acquisition module connected to the main control module. The communication module includes a wireless communication module, an Ethernet communication module and a Bluetooth module. The wireless communication module includes a wireless communication router, and the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router is connected to the SIM card slot and the TVS diode.

[0022] It should be noted that this embodiment sets up multiple types of communication modules in the common unit to flexibly adapt to different scenarios and ensure the reliability of communication connections. Furthermore, the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router is connected to a TVS diode, which can prevent damage to the wireless module when inserting or removing the SIM card slot, further improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the wireless communication router U2 in the wireless communication module is a Four-Faith F3Z28-D, which supports 2.5G / 3G / 4G public networks and 1.8GHz cellular networks. The clock signal pin CLK and reset pin RST of the wireless communication router U2 are connected to the SIM card slot U5, and the clock signal pin CLK of U2 is connected to the TVS diode U6 to prevent damage to the wireless module when inserting or removing the SIM card slot. The SIM card slot U5 is a SIM-110, and the TVS diode U6 is an SMF05C.

[0024] As a further preferred technical solution, such as Figure 3 As shown, the Bluetooth module includes a Bluetooth transmission chip U2, capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel between the voltage pin VCC and the ground pin GND of the Bluetooth transmission chip U2, and the reset pin RST of the Bluetooth transmission chip U2 is connected between the capacitor C3 and the resistor R7 connected in series. The receive pin RX of the Bluetooth transmission chip U2 is connected in series with resistors R3 and R1, the transmit pin TX is connected in series with resistors R4 and R2, the data transmission request pin BRTS is connected to resistor R6, the data input signal pin BCTS is connected to resistor R5, and the RESTORE pin is connected to resistor R8.

[0025] Among them, the Bluetooth transmission chip U2 adopts Shenzhen Xinchida RSBRS02ABR. This module has the characteristics of low power consumption, small size, long transmission distance and strong anti-interference ability. The Bluetooth transmission chip U2 communicates with the ARM chip through UART. The operation and maintenance personnel can connect the device through Bluetooth for convenient operation.

[0026] Specifically, the Bluetooth transmission chip U2 uses a high-gain directional antenna (PCB antenna) to improve the transmission distance; under Coded PHY, 125kbps or 500kbps is more resistant to interference and transmits over a longer distance than the traditional 1Mbps; the Bluetooth module size is 15mm*11.2mm.

[0027] As a further preferred technical solution, the Ethernet communication module mainly consists of a PHY, a network transformer, and an RJ45 connector. The PHY uses the JLIIII-N032I from Jinglue Semiconductor. The network chip is connected to the RJ45 connector via the network transformer. The network transformer couples and filters the differential signal input from the previous stage using a differential-mode coupled coil to enhance the signal, and then couples it to the RJ45 connector through electromagnetic field conversion. This eliminates the physical connection between the network interface chip and the RJ45 connector, isolating direct signal transmission between them to achieve protection.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the communication module includes an Ethernet PHY chip U14, a network transformer, and an RJ45 connector. The Ethernet PHY chip U14 is a JLIIII-N032I, and it is connected to the RJ45 connector via the network transformer.

[0029] The network transformer uses a differential-mode coupled coil to couple and filter the differential signal from the previous stage input to enhance the signal, and then couples it to the RJ45 connector through electromagnetic field conversion. This eliminates the physical connection between the Ethernet PHY chip U14 and the RJ45 connector, isolating direct signal transmission between them for protection. The network transformer includes an ESD protection diode assembly and a network isolation transformer HU2. The Ethernet PHY chip is a JLIIII-N032I, and the network isolation transformer HU2 is an HR641680E.

[0030] In this embodiment, the ESD protection diode assembly includes an ESD protection diode D18, bidirectional diodes D19 and D20, capacitors C94, C95, and C96, and an inductor L6.

[0031] In this embodiment, pins 5 and 6 of the Ethernet PHY chip U14 are connected to pin 1 of the input terminal and pin 6 of the output terminal of the ESD protection diode D18, respectively, and are also connected to pins 7 and 8 of the network isolation transformer HU2, respectively.

[0032] In this embodiment, pins 3 and 4 of the Ethernet PHY chip U14 are connected to pins 4 of the input terminal and pins 4 of the output terminal of the ESD protection diode D18, respectively, and are also connected to pins 1 and 3 of the network isolation transformer HU2, respectively.

[0033] In this embodiment, capacitors C94, C95, and C96 are connected in parallel and then in series with inductor L6, with the other end of inductor L6 connected to the power supply. Capacitors C94, C95, and C96, also connected in parallel, are connected to the power supply terminal of ESD protection diode D18. The two ends of bidirectional diode D19 are connected to pins 16 and 14 of network isolation transformer HU2, respectively. The two ends of bidirectional diode D20 are connected to pins 11 and 9 of network isolation transformer HU2, respectively.

[0034] As a further preferred technical solution, the main control module adopts a hardware architecture that includes an MCU main control chip and an ARM processor, with the MCU main control chip and the ARM processor connected; the acquisition module is connected to the MCU main control chip, and the communication module is connected to the ARM processor.

[0035] As a further preferred technical solution, the acquisition module is a switch module, which is connected to the switch quantity acquisition circuit in the MCU main control chip.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 7As shown, the switch quantity acquisition circuit includes an optocoupler U1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R5, capacitor C1, bidirectional diode D1, and Zener diodes D11 and D12.

[0037] One end of resistor R2 is connected to the output of optocoupler U1, and the other end is connected to the DIFFIO-L0-18 N / D13 port in FPGA chip U11A. One end of resistor R1 is connected to resistor R2 and the input / output terminals of optocoupler U1, and the other end is connected to the power supply. One end of capacitor C1 is connected to resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the output of optocoupler U1 and grounded. The input of optocoupler U1 is connected in parallel with bidirectional diode D1 and resistor R5, and in series with Zener diode D11 and resistor R3. One end of this combination is connected to the input of optocoupler U1, and the other end is connected to terminal block P1. The positive terminal of Zener diode D12 is connected to the input of optocoupler U1, and the negative terminal is connected to terminal block P1.

[0038] It should be noted that the front-end of the digital input acquisition module mainly consists of a current-limiting resistor R3, a Zener diode DI1, and an optocoupler U1. Resistor R5 acts as a voltage divider, bidirectional diode D1 prevents damage to the optocoupler front-end, the Zener diode prevents switch bounce, and optocoupler U1 primarily provides isolation. In the rear-stage section, after resistor R1 pulls the signal up, the DI1 signal is not conducting, resulting in a high level. Capacitor C1 effectively removes noise, preventing it from being introduced into the control chip. The optocoupler U1 used is model TLP785GB-S.

[0039] As a further preferred technical solution, the MCU main control chip is also connected to a GPS time synchronization module and an LED array, and the ARM processor is also connected to a power module and an encryption module; The ARM processor also has a debug interface.

[0040] The MCU main control chip is GigaDevice's GD32F470ZI, and the ARM processor is Allwinner's A40i. The MCU main control chip is used to collect switch signals, control the LED array, and collect GPS information; while the ARM processor is used for communication between upstream and downstream, communication encryption, etc.

[0041] As a further preferred technical solution, such as Figure 8 As shown, the GPS time synchronization module includes a GPS module. The RF_IN pin of the GPS module is connected to an RF coaxial cable connector, and the RF_IN pin is also connected to a TVS diode D60. The transceiver pin of the GPS module is connected to the RS485 communication circuit in the ARM processor.

[0042] The GPS module U1 in the GPS time synchronization module uses the Hangzhou Zhongke Micro ATGM332D-5N-31, which supports multiple satellite navigation systems, including BeiDou, GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS, and SBAS. P1 is an RF coaxial cable connector, and D60 between U1 and P1 is a TVS diode to protect the module from damage caused by excessively high GPS RF_IN signal voltage.

[0043] It should be noted that in a multi-node communication system, if each device uses a local crystal oscillator, the time deviation will accumulate due to frequency drift (from a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds per day). This embodiment uses GPS to provide a globally unified time reference (UTC), so that the time of all nodes is synchronized to the microsecond or even nanosecond level, avoiding data packet out-of-order, retransmission, packet loss or arbitration failure caused by clock asynchrony, and significantly improving the reliability of the protocol layer.

[0044] As a further preferred technical solution, such as Figure 9 As shown in (a), the RS485 communication circuit includes an RS485 chip. The front-end of the RS485 chip is powered by 3.3V, and the rear-end is powered by a DC1 isolated power supply module outputting 5V. The isolated power supply module is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in (b); Pins A and B of the RS485 chip convert the GPS clock signal into a differential signal and output it to an external terminal. Pin A is connected to a resettable fuse F4, and pin B is connected to a resettable fuse F3. TVS diodes D46 and D47 are connected in parallel between pin A and pin B, and pin A is also grounded through TVS diode D48.

[0045] The RS485 chip uses the CA-IS3088W RS485 chip from Chuantu Microelectronics. The chip has built-in isolation. Its front-end uses a 3.3V power supply, and its rear-end uses a DC1 isolated power supply module to output 5V power. F3 and F4 are self-resetting fuses, which can block the flow of large voltage and large current into U9 when there is external interference. D46, D47, and D48 are TVS diodes. When F3 and F4 cannot filter out the energy, the TVS diodes can release the energy in time.

[0046] As a further preferred technical solution, such as Figure 10 As shown, an RS232 communication circuit is set between the MCU main control chip and the PC master station. The RS232 communication circuit includes a digital isolator, a serial port chip and an Ethernet connector. The digital isolator outputs an isolation signal to the serial port chip, and the serial port chip converts the isolation signal into an RS232 level and outputs it to the Ethernet connector. A TVS diode U15 is connected between the transmit and receive pins of the Ethernet connector.

[0047] In this embodiment, the RS232 communication circuit is set between the MCU main control chip and the PC master station. The UART signal of the MCU main control chip is isolated by a digital isolator and then connected to the RS232 communication circuit. The RS232 communication circuit converts the UART signal into an RS232 signal, which is then connected to an RJ45 connector. The debugging personnel can connect to a computer through the RJ45 connector to debug the device.

[0048] Specifically, the RS232 communication module is mainly digitally isolated by the CA-IS3742HW digital isolator. The isolated signal is converted from TTL level to RS232 level by the U13 SP3232EEN serial port chip. U15 is a TVS diode to protect the RS232 level.

[0049] As a further preferred technical solution, such as Figure 11 As shown, the encryption module includes an encryption chip, which is connected to the ARM processor via an SPI interface.

[0050] The encryption module connects to the ARM processor via the SPI interface. The ARM processor sends the data that needs to be encrypted or decrypted to the encryption module, and the encryption module returns the encrypted or decrypted data to the ARM processor. This process encrypts the remote signaling and telemetry signals sent to the master station and the remote control signals sent down by the master station.

[0051] Specifically, the encryption chip uses the Beijing Zhixin Power Distribution Network Encryption Chip SC1161Y. This chip has built-in multiple security protection mechanisms such as SM1, SM2, SM3 national cryptographic algorithms, and a true random number generator, which can effectively ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data transmission and storage. The encryption chip connects to the ARM processor through the SPI interface for information exchange.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" or "several" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed station DTU common unit, characterized in that, It includes a communication module and a data acquisition module connected to the main control module. The communication module includes a wireless communication module, an Ethernet communication module, and a Bluetooth module. The wireless communication module includes a wireless communication router, and the clock signal pin of the wireless communication router is connected to the SIM card slot and the TVS diode.

2. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Bluetooth module includes a Bluetooth transmission chip. Capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel between the voltage pin VCC and the ground pin GND of the Bluetooth transmission chip. The reset pin RST of the Bluetooth transmission chip is connected between capacitor C3 and resistor R7 connected in series. The Bluetooth transmission chip connects the receive pin RX to resistors R3 and R1 in series, the transmit pin TX to resistors R4 and R2 in series, the data transmission request pin BRTS to resistor R6, the data input signal pin BCTS to resistor R5, and the RESTORE pin to resistor R8.

3. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module adopts a hardware architecture that includes an MCU main control chip and an ARM processor, with the MCU main control chip and the ARM processor connected together; The acquisition module is connected to the MCU main control chip, and the communication module is connected to the ARM processor.

4. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The acquisition module is a switch module, which is connected to the switch quantity acquisition circuit in the MCU main control chip.

5. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The MCU main control chip is also connected to a GPS time synchronization module and an LED array, and the ARM processor is also connected to a power module and an encryption module; The ARM processor also has a debug interface.

6. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The GPS time synchronization module includes a GPS module, the RF_IN pin of the GPS module is connected to an RF coaxial cable connector, and the RF_IN pin is also connected to a TVS diode D60. The transmit / receive pins of the GPS module are connected to the RS485 communication circuit in the ARM processor.

7. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The RS485 communication circuit includes an RS485 chip. The front stage of the RS485 chip is powered by 3.3V, and the rear stage is powered by a DC1 isolated power supply module that outputs 5V. Pins A and B of the RS485 chip convert the GPS clock signal into a differential signal and output it to an external terminal. Pin A is connected to a resettable fuse F4, and pin B is connected to a resettable fuse F3. TVS diodes D46 and D47 are connected in parallel between pin A and pin B, and pin A is also grounded through TVS diode D48.

8. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, An RS232 communication circuit is set between the MCU main control chip and the master station. The RS232 communication circuit includes a digital isolator, a serial port chip and an Ethernet connector. The digital isolator outputs an isolation signal to the serial port chip. The serial port chip converts the isolation signal into an RS232 level and outputs it to the Ethernet connector. A TVS diode U15 is connected between the transmit and receive pins of the Ethernet connector.

9. The distributed station DTU common unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The encryption module includes an encryption chip, which is connected to the ARM processor via an SPI interface.

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