A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of lighting fixture technology, and in particular to a lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions. It includes at least one lighting unit connected in parallel via power lines. Each lighting unit includes a lighting body, a carrier communication module, a fault detection and location circuit, and a directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit. The lighting body's power input terminal is connected to the power line for operation. The carrier communication module is coupled to the power line. The fault detection and location circuit includes a current sampling circuit, a voltage comparator, and a status flag generation circuit connected in sequence. The current sampling circuit is connected in series in the power input circuit of the lighting unit. This utility model can automatically inject a high-frequency identification signal into the power line when node communication fails through a hardware-level fault detection and location circuit, achieving rapid and reliable fault location, and improving anti-interference capability and long-term stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lighting fixtures, and in particular to a lighting fixture for lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions. Background Technology

[0002] In urban lighting projects and road lighting, achieving intelligent networking of lighting fixtures and rapid fault location is key to improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0003] Existing technologies generally employ power line carrier or wireless communication methods such as ZigBee and LoRa for networking and status monitoring; however, these types of lighting fixtures have significant limitations in fault location capabilities:

[0004] First, when a lighting node experiences a complete power outage or its core communication module fails, the node is disconnected from the network and cannot report its own fault information, making it difficult for maintenance personnel to quickly and accurately locate the fault point. Second, the communication signal and the positioning signal share the same channel, which is prone to mutual interference. Third, there is a lack of dedicated protection design for the harsh environment of power lines, resulting in insufficient reliability.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to further improve a lighting fixture for lighting projects that has self-organizing network and fault location functions. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide a lighting fixture with self-organizing network and fault location functions. Through the fault detection and location circuit at the hardware level, a high-frequency identification signal is automatically injected into the power line when node communication fails, so as to achieve fast and reliable fault location. Furthermore, the frequency division multiplexing and circuit protection design are adopted to improve anti-interference ability and long-term stability, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a lighting fixture for lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions, comprising at least one lighting unit connected in parallel via power lines; the lighting unit includes a lighting body, a carrier communication module, a fault detection and location circuit, and a directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit;

[0008] The main body of the lamp is connected to a power line for power input and operates under power.

[0009] The carrier communication module is coupled to the power line and is used to transmit data packets between lighting units to establish ad hoc network communication;

[0010] The fault detection and location circuit includes a current sampling circuit, a voltage comparator, and a status flag generation circuit connected in sequence.

[0011] The current sampling circuit is connected in series in the power input circuit of the lamp unit, and its output terminal is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage comparator, while the second input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the reference voltage.

[0012] The input terminal of the status flag generation circuit is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator;

[0013] The input terminal of the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the status flag generation circuit, and its output terminal is coupled to the power line. It is used to inject a high-frequency positioning signal into the power line in response to the fault status flag signal. The frequency of the high-frequency positioning signal is higher than the frequency of the carrier signal used by the carrier communication module when communicating.

[0014] Preferably, the carrier communication module further includes a positioning signal detection branch; the positioning signal detection branch is connected in parallel with the main path of the carrier communication module and includes a bandpass filter; the center frequency of the bandpass filter matches the frequency of the high-frequency positioning signal injected by the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning signal detection branch further includes a signal strength detector, which is connected to the stage following the bandpass filter.

[0016] Preferably, the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit includes a switching unit, a high-frequency signal generator, and a coupling transformer; the control terminal of the switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the status flag generation circuit and is used to receive the fault status flag signal.

[0017] The controlled path of the switching unit is connected in series in the output circuit of the high-frequency signal generator;

[0018] The primary coil of the coupling transformer is connected to the output circuit of the high-frequency signal generator, and the secondary coil is connected to the power line through a coupling capacitor.

[0019] The output terminal of the constant current source circuit is connected in series with the encoding resistor and the power supply terminal of the high frequency signal generator to provide a constant operating current for the high frequency signal generator.

[0020] The coded resistor is a precision resistor with a fixed resistance value.

[0021] Preferably, the current sampling circuit uses a precision sampling resistor.

[0022] Preferably, an LC matching network is connected between the output terminal of the high-frequency signal generator and the primary coil of the coupling transformer; a transient voltage suppression diode is connected in parallel to ground on the power line side of the coupling capacitor, the cathode of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the power line, and the anode is grounded.

[0023] Preferably, the reference voltage is provided by a reference voltage source circuit, and the value of the reference voltage is equal to the voltage value generated at the output terminal of the current sampling circuit when the light source in the lamp body maintains the minimum normal operating state.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0025] With an independent fault detection and location circuit, when a fault is detected, a high-frequency location signal containing identity information is actively injected into the power line by a directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit. This process does not rely on the node's communication module. Even if the faulty node's communication is interrupted, it can still automatically broadcast its identity information, thereby achieving rapid location and higher reliability.

[0026] By using a specific high-frequency positioning signal with a frequency higher than that of the communication carrier and adding a positioning signal detection branch for identification, frequency division multiplexing of communication signals and positioning signals is realized, which physically isolates the communication and positioning channels, avoids mutual interference between the two, and improves overall stability.

[0027] The fault detection circuit has voltage hysteresis characteristics, which enhances its ability to resist current fluctuation interference; the signal injection circuit output is equipped with protective components such as TVS diodes, which can effectively suppress power line surge impacts and improve the long-term operational reliability of the lamps in complex industrial electrical environments. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a circuit structure block diagram of the lighting unit of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fault detection and location circuit of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0033] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or sets.

[0034] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to this invention are shown schematically in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some figures, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one."

[0035] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0036] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of this utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0038] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions, referring to... Figure 1 The lighting fixtures for the lighting project include at least one lighting unit connected in parallel via power lines. The number of lighting units is set according to actual installation needs. Each lighting unit is physically connected to the same power bus. After power-on, the carrier communication module of each lighting unit starts working. The carrier communication module loads the communication carrier signal onto the power line through a coupling circuit. Each carrier communication module discovers other nodes in the network through a listening and response mechanism, exchanges address information and status data, and forms a distributed self-organizing network. This process can be completed using carrier communication chips known in the art, such as the SSC16 series and protocols. The main body of the lighting fixture includes an LED light source and its constant current driving power supply, which serves as a load. Its power input terminal is directly connected to the power line and emits light when powered.

[0039] During normal operation of this utility model, the fault detection and location circuit within each lighting unit is described in [the following text is missing]. Figure 3 It is always in a real-time monitoring state; the current sampling circuit uses a precision sampling resistor R_sense connected in series in the power input circuit of the lamp unit; the material of this resistor is preferably manganese copper alloy, because it has a low temperature coefficient and good long-term stability, which can ensure sampling accuracy; when the lamp is working normally, the current flows through R_sense, and according to Ohm's law, a small voltage drop VSENSE proportional to the working current will be generated.

[0040] The VSENSE is sent to the inverting input of voltage comparator U1, such as LM339; at the same time, a reference voltage V_REF generated by a reference voltage source circuit such as TL431 is applied to the non-inverting input of voltage comparator U1; the value of the reference voltage V_REF is configured to be equal to the voltage value generated on R_sense when the LED light source in the lamp body maintains the minimum normal operating state; as long as the lamp works normally, VSENSE > V_REF, and voltage comparator U1 outputs a low level.

[0041] A positive feedback resistor R_hys is connected between the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U1. The positive feedback resistor R_hys introduces voltage hysteresis characteristics, giving the circuit different rising threshold voltages and falling threshold voltages, thereby improving the stability of fault diagnosis and anti-interference capability.

[0042] The output of voltage comparator U1 is connected to VCC via pull-up resistor R_pullup. This pull-up resistor ensures that the input level can be determined when the comparator output is in a high impedance state. After this pull-up, the output of voltage comparator U1 is connected to the status flag generation circuit.

[0043] The status flag generation circuit can be constructed using a Schmitt trigger U2, such as a 74HC14, to eliminate jitter and provide a clean and stable digital level signal. Its output is low under normal conditions and high under fault conditions.

[0044] To ensure the determinism of the output level of the fault detection and location circuit, the output of the status flag generation circuit is connected to the positive power supply VCC through a pull-up resistor R1; after this pull-up, the output signal Fault_Flag of the Schmitt trigger U2 is then connected to the input of the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit.

[0045] When any one of the lighting units fails, its operating current drops sharply or becomes zero, causing VSENSE < V_REF; the output of voltage comparator U1 flips to a high level, and the status flag generation circuit outputs a high-level Fault_Flag signal.

[0046] Directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit, such as Figure 4As shown, the Fault_Flag signal directly acts on the switching unit, which is preferably an N-channel switching transistor Q1. A high-level Fault_Flag turns on Q1.

[0047] The ground terminal of the high-frequency signal generator Y1 is connected to the drain of the switching unit Q1; the source of the switching unit Q1 is grounded, and its gate receives the fault status flag signal Fault_Flag; when Fault_Flag is high, Q1 is turned on, thus creating a current loop to ground for Y1; the constant current source circuit supplies power to the series-connected encoding resistor R_id and the high-frequency signal generator Y1, providing a constant current; the encoding resistor R_id is a precision resistor with a fixed resistance value; by setting different resistance values ​​of R_id for different lighting units, different voltage drops can be generated under this constant current, thereby stably modulating the high-frequency signal. The operating voltage and output signal amplitude of the high-frequency signal generator Y1 are used to reliably carry the identity information of this node on the amplitude of the high-frequency positioning signal; the high-frequency positioning signal generated by the high-frequency signal generator Y1 is output from the output terminal; preferably, the output terminal of the high-frequency signal generator Y1 is connected to an LC matching network; specifically, its output terminal is connected to one end of the primary coil of the coupling transformer T1 after being connected in series with capacitor C4 and inductor L2; at the same time, at the connection node between inductor L2 and the primary coil of coupling transformer T1, capacitor C3 is also connected to ground, which is used to improve the strength and quality of the injected signal while purifying the signal spectrum.

[0048] The high-frequency positioning signal is fed into one end of the primary coil of the coupling transformer T1, and the other end of the primary coil is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of Y1, thus forming a complete signal output circuit. The signal, after being boosted and isolated by the coupling transformer T1, is output from its secondary coil. One end of the secondary coil is connected to the power line through the coupling capacitor C2, and the other end of the secondary coil is connected to ground.

[0049] To improve anti-interference capability, a TVS diode is connected in parallel to ground on the power line side of coupling capacitor C2; the TVS diode should be connected with the cathode connected to the signal line and the anode connected to ground to effectively absorb the positive surge impact on the power line and protect the subsequent circuit.

[0050] The high-frequency signal generator Y1 is preferably a fixed-frequency crystal oscillator module. The frequency of the high-frequency positioning signal it generates must be higher than the carrier frequency used by the carrier communication module. The purpose of this frequency setting is to achieve frequency division multiplexing and avoid mutual interference between the positioning signal and the communication signal.

[0051] The fault location function is independent of communication. Even if the main communication module of a node fails due to a fault, it can still broadcast identity information through an independent hardware channel, thus achieving physical isolation between communication and location and greatly improving the reliability of location.

[0052] In this invention, all other normally functioning lighting units have a carrier communication module that, while performing conventional communication functions, also monitors fault location signals through an internally added location signal detection branch. The location signal detection branch is connected in parallel with the main carrier communication path. The core of the location signal detection branch is a bandpass filter, whose center frequency is precisely tuned to the frequency of the high-frequency location signal. When a signal matching the frequency of the high-frequency location signal is transmitted from the power line, the filter can efficiently filter it out and greatly attenuate interference from other frequencies.

[0053] To further improve reliability, a signal strength detector, such as an AD8313-based detection circuit, is connected after the bandpass filter. Only when the selected signal strength exceeds a preset threshold is it confirmed as a valid fault location signal. Once any normal node detects the location signal, it reports it through the carrier communication network, and the present invention accurately locates the faulty unit accordingly.

[0054] Once any normal node detects and confirms the location signal, it will use its own carrier communication module to report a data packet containing the identification code of the detected faulty node to the main control node or remote monitoring center of this invention via the established self-organizing network communication path, thereby completing the final location and alarm of the faulty unit.

[0055] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0056] Each lighting unit couples its communication carrier signal to a shared power line via its internal carrier communication module. The modules employ a listening and responding mechanism to automatically exchange address and status data, constructing a distributed logical communication network on the physical power line network. This process relies on known carrier communication chips and protocols, enabling data exchange without additional wiring.

[0057] Each luminaire unit integrates an independent fault detection and location circuit. This circuit monitors the operating current in real time through a precision sampling resistor R_sense connected in series in the input circuit and converts it into a voltage signal VSENSE. This signal is compared with a threshold voltage set by a reference voltage source V_REF, corresponding to the minimum normal operating current of the luminaire, in a voltage comparator U1 with a positive feedback resistor R_hys. The introduced voltage hysteresis characteristic is the key to the circuit's anti-interference and anti-false triggering. When a luminaire fault causes an abnormal drop in the operating current, making VSENSE lower than the drop threshold of the hysteresis comparator, the comparator output flips.

[0058] The fault location signal generation and injection principle is as follows: the comparator output is shaped by Schmitt trigger U2 to generate a stable fault status flag signal Fault_Flag. This signal directly controls the conduction of switch Q1 in the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit. After Q1 is turned on, it provides a grounding loop for the high-frequency signal generator Y1, enabling it to start working. Driven by the constant current source circuit, the high-frequency location signal generated by Y1 has a frequency higher than the communication carrier frequency, achieving frequency division multiplexing. After spectrum purification and impedance matching through the LC matching network C4, L2, C3, it is isolated and boosted by coupling transformer T1, and finally injected into the power line through coupling capacitor C2. The signal amplitude is stably modulated by hardware encoding resistor R_id, carrying the identity information of this node on the location signal.

[0059] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0060] Each lighting unit is simply connected in parallel to the same power line; after power-on, the carrier communication modules of each unit will automatically perform handshake communication, exchange address information, and autonomously form a distributed communication network without the need for manual configuration of the network topology.

[0061] Under normal lighting conditions, routine data communication and status monitoring are conducted solely via power line carrier. The fault detection circuits for each luminaire are in a real-time monitoring but silent state.

[0062] When any of the lamps in this invention malfunctions, there is no need for a central server to poll or perform complex algorithm diagnosis; the faulty node will actively broadcast its identity information in the form of a high-frequency signal; the nearby normal nodes will automatically capture this signal and collaboratively report the fault information; maintenance personnel only need to view the alarm information in the monitoring center to directly know which lamp unit needs to be replaced, without having to manually check each one on-site.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions, characterized in that: It includes at least one lighting unit connected in parallel via power lines; the lighting unit includes a lighting body, a carrier communication module, a fault detection and location circuit, and a directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit. The main body of the lamp is connected to a power line for power input and operates under power. The carrier communication module is coupled to the power line and is used to transmit data packets between lighting units to establish ad hoc network communication. The fault detection and location circuit includes a current sampling circuit, a voltage comparator, and a status flag generation circuit connected in sequence. The current sampling circuit is connected in series in the power input circuit of the lamp unit, and its output terminal is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage comparator, while the second input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the reference voltage. The input terminal of the status flag generation circuit is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator, and its output terminal is used to output a fault status flag signal. The input terminal of the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the status flag generation circuit, and its output terminal is coupled to the power line. In response to the fault status flag signal, it injects a high-frequency positioning signal containing the identity information of this node into the power line. The frequency of the high-frequency positioning signal is higher than the frequency of the carrier signal used by the carrier communication module when communicating.

2. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier communication module further includes a positioning signal detection branch; the positioning signal detection branch is connected in parallel with the main path of the carrier communication module and includes a bandpass filter; the center frequency of the bandpass filter matches the frequency of the high-frequency positioning signal injected by the directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit.

3. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning signal detection branch also includes a signal strength detector, which is connected to the stage following the bandpass filter.

4. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The directional coupling carrier signal injection circuit includes a switching unit, a high-frequency signal generator, a constant current source circuit, an encoding resistor, and a coupling transformer; the control terminal of the switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the status flag generation circuit and is used to receive the fault status flag signal. The controlled path of the switching unit is connected in series in the output circuit of the high-frequency signal generator; The primary coil of the coupling transformer is connected to the output circuit of the high-frequency signal generator, and the secondary coil is connected to the power line through a coupling capacitor. The output terminal of the constant current source circuit is connected in series with the encoding resistor and the power supply terminal of the high-frequency signal generator to provide a constant operating current for the high-frequency signal generator. The coded resistor is a precision resistor with a fixed resistance value.

5. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The current sampling circuit uses a precision sampling resistor.

6. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions as described in claim 4, characterized in that: An LC matching network is connected between the output terminal of the high-frequency signal generator and the primary coil of the coupling transformer; a transient voltage suppression diode is connected in parallel to ground on the power line side of the coupling capacitor, the cathode of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the power line, and the anode is grounded.

7. A lighting fixture for urban lighting projects with self-organizing network and fault location functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reference voltage is provided by a reference voltage source circuit, and the value of the reference voltage is equal to the voltage value generated at the output terminal of the current sampling circuit when the light source in the lamp body maintains the minimum normal operating state.

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