photovoltaic modules

Abstract

This utility model discloses a photovoltaic module, including solar cells and multiple interconnecting structural components. A first interconnecting structural component connects a first grid line and a second grid line opposite each other in the same solar cell in a third direction. A portion of a first sub-interconnecting structural component connects to a second grid line within the first grid line region, and another portion of the first sub-interconnecting structural component is adapted to connect to a first grid line in the second grid line region of an adjacent solar cell. A portion of a second sub-interconnecting structural component connects to a first grid line within the second grid line region, and another portion of the second sub-interconnecting structural component is adapted to connect to a second grid line in the first grid line region of an adjacent solar cell. The first and second sub-interconnecting structural components are spaced apart along a third direction. According to this utility model, the arrangement of multiple interconnecting structural components is optimized, which facilitates the reconfiguration of the current transmission path, balances the current distribution, reduces ohmic losses and current concentration, improves module power output, disperses thermal stress, and reduces the risk of failure.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202511527585.7, filed on October 24, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0004] A photovoltaic (PV) module has grid lines on at least one side of its solar cells along the thickness direction. Interconnect structures are electrically connected to the solar cells by connecting to these grid lines. The quality of this electrical connection between the interconnect structures and the solar cells directly determines the power, lifespan, and safety of the PV module. In related technologies, multiple continuously arranged interconnect structures are typically used; however, the conductive paths of these interconnect structures lead to increased ohmic losses, thereby exacerbating current transmission losses. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic module that facilitates the reconstruction of the current transmission path, balances current distribution, reduces ohmic losses and current concentration, improves module power output, disperses thermal stress, and reduces the risk of failure.

[0006] A photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a solar cell, the solar cell comprising a solar substrate, a first conductivity type doped layer, and a second conductivity type doped layer; the solar substrate has two side surfaces in a first direction as a first surface and a second surface; the first surface is provided with the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer, which are alternately arranged in a second direction; at least one side surface in the first direction of the solar cell is provided with a first grid line region and a second grid line region, the first grid line region and the second grid line region are spaced apart along a third direction, and each of the first grid line region and the second grid line region is provided with a plurality of grid lines, the plurality of grid lines are spaced apart along the second direction and each grid line extends along the third direction, and the polarities of the two grid lines opposite to each other in the third direction of two adjacent grid line regions are opposite; the plurality of grid lines in the first grid line region or the second grid line region include a first grid line and a second grid line, the first grid line being disposed in the first conductivity type... On the doped layer, the second gate line is disposed on the doped layer of the second conductivity type, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are orthogonal to each other; the solar cell connects multiple interconnect structures, including a first interconnect structure and a second interconnect structure. The first interconnect structure connects the first gate line and the second gate line opposite to each other in the third direction of the same solar cell. The second interconnect structure includes a first sub-interconnect structure and a second sub-interconnect structure. A portion of the first sub-interconnect structure connects to the second gate line in the first gate line region, and another portion of the first sub-interconnect structure is adapted to connect to the first gate line in the second gate line region of an adjacent solar cell. A portion of the second sub-interconnect structure connects to the first gate line in the second gate line region, and another portion of the second sub-interconnect structure is adapted to connect to the second gate line in the first gate line region of an adjacent solar cell. The first sub-interconnect structure and the second sub-interconnect structure are spaced apart along the third direction.

[0007] According to the photovoltaic module of this utility model embodiment, the first interconnection structure and the second interconnection structure are staggered, thereby optimizing the arrangement of multiple interconnection structures, which is conducive to reconstructing the current transmission path, balancing the current distribution, reducing ohmic losses and current concentration, improving module power output, dispersing thermal stress, and reducing the risk of failure.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the orthographic projection of the first interconnecting structure on the battery cell along the third direction is L1, the length of the orthographic projection of the first sub-interconnecting structure on the battery cell along the third direction is L2, and the length of the orthographic projection of the second sub-interconnecting structure on the battery cell along the third direction is L3, wherein L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L1≠L2+L3.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, L1, L2, and L3 further satisfy: L2 = L3 < L1.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between the first sub-interconnect structure and the second sub-interconnect structure in the third direction is D, and the minimum distance between two adjacent gate lines of the first gate area and the second gate area connected to the second interconnect structure in the third direction is L, wherein D and L satisfy: D≥L.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, D further satisfies: 2mm≤D≤10mm; and / or L further satisfies: 0.4mm≤L≤2mm.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between the end of the first interconnect structure and the corresponding edge of the battery cell is d1, and the minimum distance between the grid line of the first grid area or the second grid area connected to the first interconnect structure and the corresponding edge of the battery cell is d2, wherein d1 and d2 satisfy: d1≥d2.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, d1 and d2 further satisfy: 2mm≤d1≤6mm, 0.3mm≤d2≤0.75mm.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first interconnecting structure is located within the orthographic projection range of the edge of the battery cell, and the end of the first interconnecting structure is spaced apart from the corresponding edge of the battery cell; and / or the end of the first sub-interconnecting structure away from the second sub-interconnecting structure extends beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell; and / or the end of the second sub-interconnecting structure away from the first sub-interconnecting structure extends beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first interconnect structure extends along the third direction; and / or both the first interconnect structure and the second interconnect structure extend along the third direction, with the first interconnect structure and the second interconnect structure at least partially opposite each other along the third direction.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first interconnection structure and the second interconnection structure are arranged alternately along the second direction.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solar cells of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 1: Solar cell; 11: Grid line region; 111: Grid line; 112: First grid line; 113: Second grid line; 14: Solar cell substrate; 15: First conductivity type doped layer; 16: Second conductivity type doped layer; 17: First grid line region; 18: Second grid line region;

[0024] 200: Photovoltaic modules;

[0025] 201: Interconnection structure; 202: First interconnection structure; 203: Second interconnection structure; 2031: First sub-interconnection structure; 2032: Second sub-interconnection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is for reference. Figures 1-3 A photovoltaic module 200 according to an embodiment of the present utility model is described.

[0027] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the photovoltaic module 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes solar cells 1 and multiple interconnecting structural members 201. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] Specifically, the battery cell 1 includes a battery substrate 14, a first conductivity type doped layer 15, and a second conductivity type doped layer 16. The two sides of the battery substrate 14 in the first direction are a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is provided with the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16. The first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 are arranged alternately in the second direction.

[0029] The battery cell 1 has a first grid line area 17 and a second grid line area 18 on at least one side surface in a first direction. The first grid line area 17 and the second grid line area 18 are arranged at intervals along a third direction. Each of the first grid line area 17 and the second grid line area 18 has a plurality of grid lines 111. The plurality of grid lines 111 are arranged at intervals along a second direction and each grid line 111 extends along a third direction. The polarities of the two grid lines 111 opposite to each other in the third direction of two adjacent grid line areas 11 are opposite.

[0030] The plurality of gate lines 111 in the first gate line region 17 or the second gate line region 18 include a first gate line 112 and a second gate line 113. The first gate line 112 is disposed on the first conductivity type doped layer 15, and the second gate line 113 is disposed on the second conductivity type doped layer 16. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0031] The battery cell 1 is connected to multiple interconnecting structures 201, including a first interconnecting structure 202 and a second interconnecting structure 203. The first interconnecting structure 202 connects a first grid line 112 and a second grid line 113 opposite each other in the third direction on the same battery cell 1. The second interconnecting structure 203 includes a first sub-interconnecting structure 2031 and a second sub-interconnecting structure 2032. A portion of the first sub-interconnecting structure 2031 is connected to the second grid line 113 within the first grid line area 17, and another portion of the first sub-interconnecting structure 2031 is adapted to connect to the first grid line 112 of the second grid line area 18 of the adjacent battery cell 1. A portion of the second sub-interconnecting structure 2032 is connected to the first grid line 112 within the second grid line area 18, and another portion of the second sub-interconnecting structure 2032 is adapted to connect to the second grid line 113 of the first grid line area 17 of the adjacent battery cell 1. The first sub-interconnecting structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnecting structure 2032 are spaced apart in the third direction.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 The first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 are both disposed on the first surface of the battery substrate 14. The battery substrate 14 is the core functional layer of the battery, which plays the main role in light absorption and carrier generation. The first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 introduce impurity atoms to regulate the conductivity characteristics of the battery substrate 14 and other functional layers, thereby enabling the separation of photogenerated carriers.

[0033] It should be noted that the first gate line 112 and the second gate line 113 are respectively disposed on the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16. This does not mean that they are in direct contact, but only that they are spatially above each other. Other films, such as passivation layers or antireflection layers, may be disposed between the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the first gate line 112; and / or, other films, such as passivation layers or antireflection layers, may be disposed between the second conductivity type doped layer 16 and the second gate line 113. The first gate line 112 can be positive and the second gate line 113 can be negative; or the first gate line 112 can be negative and the second gate line 113 can be positive. No specific limitations are made here.

[0034] For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, the first interconnect structure 202 connects the gate line 111 in the first gate line region 17 and the gate line 111 in the second gate line region 18, wherein the two gate lines 111 are the first gate line 112 and the second gate line 113, respectively. Thus, the first interconnect structure 202 achieves series connection of the first gate line region 17 and the second gate line region 18, forming a series circuit, and extracts the electrical energy converted from light energy in the first gate line region 17 and the second gate line region 18.

[0035] A portion of the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 is connected to the second grid line 113 within the first grid line region 17, and another portion of the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 is adapted to connect to the first grid line 112 of the second grid line region 18 of the adjacent battery cell 1. A portion of the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 is connected to the first grid line 112 within the second grid line region 18, and another portion of the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 is adapted to connect to the second grid line 113 of the first grid line region 17 of the adjacent battery cell 1. Thus, the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 achieves series connection between the first grid line region 17 on the battery cell 1 and the second grid line region 18 of the adjacent battery cell 1, forming a series circuit; and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 achieves series connection between the second grid line region 17 on the battery cell 1 and the first grid line region 18 of the adjacent battery cell 1, forming a series circuit, thereby facilitating the extraction of electrical energy converted from light energy in the first grid line region 17 and the second grid line region 18.

[0036] The first sub-interconnect structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 are spaced apart. The position of the space between the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 corresponds to the middle section of the first interconnect structure 202 away from both ends. This realizes the staggered arrangement of the first interconnect structure 202 and the second interconnect structure 203, thereby optimizing the arrangement of multiple interconnect structures 201, which is conducive to reconstructing the current transmission path, balancing the current distribution, reducing ohmic losses and current concentration, improving component power output, dispersing thermal stress, and reducing the risk of failure.

[0037] During thermal cycling, the tensile / contraction forces between the first sub-interconnection structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnection structure 2032 can be released through the intermediate gap, dispersing thermal cycling stress and reducing the microcrack rate of the cell 1.

[0038] According to the photovoltaic module 200 of this utility model embodiment, the first interconnection structure 202 and the second interconnection structure 203 are staggered, thereby optimizing the arrangement of multiple interconnection structures 201, which is conducive to reconstructing the current transmission path, balancing the current distribution, reducing ohmic losses and current concentration, improving module power output, dispersing thermal stress, and reducing failure risk.

[0039] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figure 2 The length of the orthographic projection of the first interconnecting structure 202 onto the solar cell 1 along a third direction is L1. The length of the orthographic projection of the first sub-interconnecting structure 2031 onto the solar cell 1 along a third direction is L2. The length of the orthographic projection of the second sub-interconnecting structure 2032 onto the solar cell 1 along a third direction is L3. L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L1 ≠ L2 + L3. The length of the first interconnecting structure 202 along the third direction is not equal to the sum of the lengths of the first sub-interconnecting structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnecting structure 2032. This arrangement facilitates control over the staggered arrangement of the first interconnecting structure 202 and the second interconnecting structure 203. Simultaneously, it allows for greater dimensional flexibility in the first and second interconnecting structures 202 and 203, reducing the precision requirements for the fabrication of the photovoltaic module 200 and thus improving the fabrication efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0040] Furthermore, L1, L2, and L3 further satisfy the condition: L2 = L3 < L1. The first interconnect structure 202 has a relatively large length along the third direction of its orthographic projection on the cell 1, which is beneficial for meeting the need for the first interconnect structure 202 to connect the two grid lines 111 in the first grid area 17 and the second grid area 18. The length of the first sub-interconnect structure 2031's orthographic projection along the third direction on the cell 1 and the length of the second sub-interconnect structure 2032's orthographic projection along the third direction on the cell 1 are equal and smaller. While meeting the need for the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 to connect the grid lines 111 in the first grid area 17 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 to connect the grid lines 111 in the second grid area 18, this also helps to reduce the production difficulty of the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032, improve the production efficiency of the interconnect structure 201, and help control the cost of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0041] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The minimum distance between the first sub-interconnection structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnection structure 2032 in the third direction is D. The minimum distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 connected to the second interconnection structure 203 in the first grid area 17 and the second grid area 18 in the third direction is L, where D and L satisfy: D≥L. In the third direction, the smaller minimum distance between the first sub-interconnection structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnection structure 2032, or equal to the minimum distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 connected to the second interconnection structure 203 in the third direction, is beneficial for ensuring reliable connection of the grid lines 111. It also helps to fully release the tensile / contraction forces of the first sub-interconnection structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnection structure 2032 during thermal cycling, thereby dispersing thermal cycling stress and reducing the microcrack rate of the solar cell 1. Furthermore, it helps to avoid current crosstalk between adjacent first sub-interconnection structures 2031 and the second sub-interconnection structure 2032, increasing the operational safety of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0042] By setting a smaller minimum distance in the third direction between two adjacent grid lines 111 of the first grid line area 17 and the second grid line area 18 connected to the second interconnection structure 203, the minimum distance between two opposing grid lines 111 of the first grid line area 17 and the second grid line area 18 in the third direction is more reasonable. This achieves both spacing and insulation between opposing grid lines 111 in the third direction, while also helping to increase the effective photoelectric conversion area of ​​the photovoltaic module 200, reducing ineffective power consumption, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200, and improving the dispersion of thermal stress in the photovoltaic module 200, thus extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0043] The first sub-interconnect structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 can be aligned with the corresponding gate line 111, thereby reducing contact pressure, lowering contact resistance, and reducing series loss of the first gate line region 17 and the second gate line region 18.

[0044] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2Furthermore, D further satisfies: 2mm ≤ D ≤ 10mm; and / or L further satisfies: 0.4mm ≤ L ≤ 2mm. The minimum distance between the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 within the aforementioned preferred range is beneficial for further optimizing the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 200, reducing electrical interference between the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 and the second sub-interconnect structure 2032, improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module 200, and extending its service life. The minimum distance in the third direction between two adjacent grid lines 111 connected to the second interconnect structure 203 in the first grid area 17 and the second grid area 18 within the aforementioned preferred range is beneficial for further increasing the effective photoelectric conversion area of ​​the photovoltaic module 200, further improving the dispersion of thermal stress in the photovoltaic module 200, and extending the service life of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0045] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The minimum distance between the end of the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the battery cell 1 is d1, and the minimum distance between the grid line 111 of the first grid area 17 or the second grid area 18 connected to the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the battery cell 1 is d2, wherein d1 and d2 satisfy: d1≥d2.

[0046] The edge of the solar cell 1 is a high-defect region, exhibiting numerous issues such as lattice distortion and impurity accumulation. If the distance between the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 is too close, it can easily lead to electrical risks. Therefore, a larger minimum distance is imposed between the end of the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 to prevent edge leakage and electrical failure of the solar cell 1, prevent edge arcing of the solar cell 1, and ensure the safety of the solar cell 1. A relatively smaller minimum distance between the grid lines 111 of the first grid area 17 or the second grid area 18 connected to the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 is beneficial for fully utilizing the effective area of ​​the solar cell 1. Alternatively, the minimum distances between the end of the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding grid lines 111 and the corresponding edges of the solar cell 1 can be equal, facilitating timely transmission of current from the corresponding grid lines 111 to the first interconnect structure 202 and increasing current transmission efficiency.

[0047] Furthermore, d1 and d2 further satisfy: 2mm≤d1≤6mm, 0.3mm≤d2≤0.75mm. When the minimum distance between the end of the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 is less than 2mm, it not only increases the probability of microcracks at the edge of the solar cell 1, but also affects the current collection efficiency; when the minimum distance between the end of the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 is greater than 6mm, it cannot effectively disperse stress. Therefore, the minimum distance between the end of the first interconnect structure 202 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 is more reasonable, which helps to reduce stress concentration at the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1, reduce the risk of microcracks, improve the reliability and service life of the photovoltaic module 200, and also helps to optimize the current collection efficiency and avoid current loss due to improper distance.

[0048] The minimum distance between the grid line 111 connected to the first interconnection structure 202 in the first grid line area 17 or the second grid line area 18 and the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1 is reasonably defined. This helps to avoid electrical risks caused by the grid line 111 being too close to the solar cell 1, avoids edge leakage and electrical failure of the solar cell 1, prevents edge arc discharge of the solar cell 1, and ensures the safety of the solar cell 1. At the same time, it prevents cracks generated at the edge of the solar cell 1 during the cutting process from extending to the grid line 111, ensuring the structural stability and reliability of the solar cell 1 and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 1.

[0049] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first interconnect structure 202 is located within the orthographic projection range of the edge of the solar cell 1, and the end of the first interconnect structure 202 is spaced apart from the corresponding edge of the solar cell 1. This arrangement allows for the overflow of excess solder accumulated on the first interconnect structure 202 during the welding process of the photovoltaic module 200, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area at the end of the first interconnect structure 202, reducing the occurrence of cracks or microcracks at both ends of the solar cell 1 due to uneven heating, and lowering the breakage rate of the solar cell 1.

[0050] The end of the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 that is away from the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 extends beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell 1. Thus, the extension of the aforementioned end of the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell 1 can, for example, extend to another battery cell 1 to connect within the corresponding grid area 11, thereby realizing the series connection of two adjacent battery cells 1.

[0051] The end of the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 that is away from the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 extends beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell 1. Thus, the extension of the aforementioned end of the second sub-interconnect structure 2032 beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell 1 can, for example, extend onto another battery cell 1 to connect within the corresponding grid area 11, thereby realizing the series connection of two adjacent battery cells 1.

[0052] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The first interconnect structure 202 extends along a third direction. Therefore, the extending directions of the first interconnect structure 202 and the second interconnect structure 203 are consistent with the extending directions of the plurality of grid lines 111. The first interconnect structure 202 can sequentially connect the grid lines 111 in the first grid line region 17 and the grid lines 111 in the second grid line region 18 along a third direction. This facilitates the connection of the first interconnect structure 202 with the corresponding two grid lines 111 along a third direction, thereby improving the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0053] Both the first interconnect structure 202 and the second interconnect structure 203 extend along a third direction, and are at least partially opposite to each other along this third direction. Thus, the extending directions of both the first interconnect structure 202 and the second interconnect structure 203 are consistent with the extending direction of the gate line 111, thereby facilitating the connection between the first interconnect structure 202 and the gate line 111 in the corresponding first gate line region 17 and second gate line region 18, and facilitating the connection between the first sub-interconnect structure 2031 in the second interconnect structure 203 and the gate line 111 in the first gate line region 17.

[0054] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figure 2 The first interconnecting structure 202 and the second interconnecting structure 203 are arranged alternately along the second direction. This allows the connections between the first interconnecting structure 202 and the second interconnecting structure 203 and the solar cell 1 to be staggered, which helps to balance the stress on the photovoltaic module 200 in the second direction, thereby improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module 200 and extending its service life.

[0055] Other configurations and operations of the photovoltaic module 200 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, include: A battery cell, comprising a battery substrate, a first conductivity type doped layer, and a second conductivity type doped layer, wherein the two sides of the battery substrate in a first direction are a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is provided with the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer, and the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer are alternately arranged in a second direction; The battery cell has a first grid line area and a second grid line area on at least one side surface in the first direction. The first grid line area and the second grid line area are arranged at intervals along a third direction. Each of the first grid line area and the second grid line area has a plurality of grid lines. The plurality of grid lines are arranged at intervals along the second direction and each grid line extends along the third direction. The polarities of the two grid lines opposite to each other in the third direction of two adjacent grid line areas are opposite. The plurality of gate lines in the first gate line region or the second gate line region include a first gate line and a second gate line. The first gate line is disposed on the first conductivity type doped layer, and the second gate line is disposed on the second conductivity type doped layer. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other. The solar cell is connected to multiple interconnecting structures, including a first interconnecting structure and a second interconnecting structure. The first interconnecting structure connects a first grid line and a second grid line opposite to each other in the third direction of the same solar cell. The second interconnecting structure includes a first sub-interconnecting structure and a second sub-interconnecting structure. A portion of the first sub-interconnecting structure connects to the second grid line within the first grid line region, and another portion of the first sub-interconnecting structure is adapted to connect to the first grid line in the second grid line region of an adjacent solar cell. A portion of the second sub-interconnecting structure connects to the first grid line within the second grid line region, and another portion of the second sub-interconnecting structure is adapted to connect to the second grid line in the first grid line region of an adjacent solar cell. The first sub-interconnecting structure and the second sub-interconnecting structure are spaced apart along the third direction.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The length of the orthographic projection of the first interconnect structure on the battery cell along the third direction is L1, the length of the orthographic projection of the first sub-interconnect structure on the battery cell along the third direction is L2, and the length of the orthographic projection of the second sub-interconnect structure on the battery cell along the third direction is L3, wherein L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L1≠L2+L3.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein, The L1, L2, and L3 further satisfy the condition: L2 = L3 < L1.

4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The minimum distance between the first sub-interconnect structure and the second sub-interconnect structure in the third direction is D, and the minimum distance between two adjacent gate lines of the first gate area and the second gate area connected to the second interconnect structure in the third direction is L, wherein D and L satisfy: D≥L.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The D further satisfies: 2mm ≤ D ≤ 10mm; and / or The L further satisfies: 0.4mm≤L≤2mm.

6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The minimum distance between the end of the first interconnect structure and the corresponding edge of the battery cell is d1, and the minimum distance between the grid line of the first grid area or the second grid area connected to the first interconnect structure and the corresponding edge of the battery cell is d2, wherein d1 and d2 satisfy: d1≥d2.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The d1 and d2 further satisfy: 2mm≤d1≤6mm, 0.3mm≤d2≤0.75mm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first interconnecting structure is located within the orthographic projection range of the edge of the battery cell, and the ends of the first interconnecting structure are spaced apart from the corresponding edges of the battery cell; and / or The end of the first sub-interconnect structure furthest from the second sub-interconnect structure extends beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell; and / or The end of the second sub-interconnect structure that is away from the first sub-interconnect structure extends beyond the corresponding edge of the battery cell.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first interconnect structure extends along the third direction; and / or Both the first interconnect structure and the second interconnect structure extend along the third direction, and the first interconnect structure and the second interconnect structure are at least partially opposite each other along the third direction.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The first interconnection structure and the second interconnection structure are arranged alternately along the second direction.

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