Method and device for introducing identification elements into formwork system components

Abstract

Method for introducing at least one identification unit (10, 50) into a frame element (100) of a formwork beam, wherein the at least one identification unit (10, 50) is introduced through at least one opening (30, 40) or into a recess of the frame element (100), characterized in that the identification unit (10, 50) is installed entirely inside the frame element (100) in its circumferential contour, wherein the identification unit (10, 50) is provided with two or more different antennas that enable the reception and transmission of data on different frequencies.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method and a device that enables the insertion of an identification element into various components of a formwork system. 2. Description of the related technology

[0002] Formwork system components of the type mentioned above generally consist of formwork elements such as formwork panels which are held in or on a supporting structure, as well as scaffolding elements and support elements which fasten and secure the various elements in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

[0003] The formwork element components are exposed to sometimes pronounced mechanical, chemical, and environmental influences such as wind, water, ice, heat, etc., which places high demands on the materials used. Given the large number of different formwork elements required in a complex construction project, the planning and precise control of the necessary elements are of great importance.

[0004] Especially during the planning phase of construction projects, a precise determination of the formwork elements to be used is an essential component of the overall construction planning. Furthermore, some formwork elements are reused several times in different construction phases to minimize material consumption.

[0005] Another frequently occurring problem is that many construction projects often use existing formwork elements together with rented formwork elements. Many companies have a basic range of formwork elements and rent or lease the appropriate elements for specific requirements. The unambiguous identification and the resulting determination of the condition of the formwork components are of great importance for the cost-effectiveness of such formwork system components.

[0006] In order to meet this requirement of the construction industry, various possibilities are listed in the prior art which are intended to enable unambiguous identification.

[0007] DE 100 55 060 A1 discloses a special holder for attaching a transponder in a through-hole of a formwork panel, which is considered a weakening of the formwork element structure. Furthermore, such a holder is easily removable manually, thus hardly offering the required identification security and, due to its complex design, is prone to malfunction and costly.

[0008] DE 200 05 975 U1 also discloses formwork panels, formwork beams, and supports that are intended to enable identification by externally attaching transponders. A disadvantage of this is that the transponders can also be manually removed and rendered completely unusable through improper use or deliberate destruction. The very limited readability of the transponders due to the shielding effect of the metal is also considered a disadvantage, as a high degree of readability reliability cannot be achieved or can hardly be achieved.

[0009] From DE 20 2007 002 502 U1, a formwork element with a formwork panel and a metallic outer frame is known, which has a transponder in a recess on the outside of the outer frame and this transponder is attached with a plastic or adhesive compound. A disadvantage of such an arrangement is that the inserted transponder can also be easily removed manually, or at least destroyed by mechanical force to such an extent that its functionality and identification capability can no longer be guaranteed. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device with which the most cost-effective method and device can be used. Identification elements can be incorporated into components of formwork systems, to protect them against removal or destruction and at the same time to ensure a low readout error rate of the identification elements.

[0011] This problem is solved according to the invention by the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments and exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0012] The present invention is based on the idea of ​​improving the identification of formwork system components by incorporating the necessary identification elements in such a way that the possibility of deliberate removal or damage to the identification elements, or damage caused by everyday work, is reduced to a minimum.

[0013] Furthermore, it is advantageous that The non-visual detectability of the identification elements prevents their deliberate removal. The properties of the formwork elements regarding modularity, service life, maintenance, and the required performance data should be adequately considered. Further advantages arise from storing relevant data on the identification elements, as this reduces IT costs associated with complex database queries or data synchronization across distributed IT systems.

[0014] To this end, according to the invention, it is provided that minimally invasive and therefore cost-effective modifications to the During the production processes for the manufacture of formwork system components, identification elements or identification units are incorporated into various components of a formwork system component in such a way that a unique identification of the formwork system components is enabled.

[0015] Herein lies a method for introducing at least one identification unit into a formwork system component, in particular for the production of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, wherein the at least one identification unit is introduced through at least one opening in the formwork system component and the identification unit is entirely located within the formwork system component in its circumferential contour.

[0016] Advantageously, the formwork system component is designed as a frame element of a formwork panel support. Furthermore, the formwork system component is advantageously designed as a scaffold element. It is particularly preferred that the formwork system component is designed as a support element.

[0017] A method in which the opening of the formwork system component is formed during the manufacturing process of the formwork system component is considered advantageous. A method in which the opening is formed during the manufacturing process of the formwork system component by forming or punching the component-forming material plates is also advantageous. In particular, rectangular tube profiles can thus be formed which, due to their construction, can withstand extreme static loads.

[0018] It has also been advantageously found that the opening can be created as a recess in an already fully assembled The formwork system component is designed such that the recess is formed by sawing, milling, or drilling, and can be rectangular, circular, or irregular in shape. The identification unit is inserted through the opening into the formwork system component and fixed within the formwork system component structure by an adhesive bond. Furthermore, the adhesive bond is formed by physically setting adhesives, chemically curing adhesives, or adhesives without a hardening mechanism.

[0019] It is further advantageous that a corrosion protection or sealing material is applied to the circumferential surfaces created by the opening in the formwork system component. This measure is intended to prevent premature corrosion and aging processes and thus prevent a shortening of the component's service life. The opening in the formwork system component can be closed by a closure device adapted to the opening. This closure device should be designed so that no transitions from the closure device to the formwork system component are visible.

[0020] To virtually eliminate the possibility of unauthorized and unintentional removal of the identification element, the locking device is connected to the formwork system component by force-locking, form-locking, or material-locking means. The locking device can be designed as a rivet, screw, locking cap with barbed projections, or as a pin.

[0021] Furthermore, a device for carrying out the method for inserting an identification element is described, comprising an identification element insertion device, a component provision device and an insertion device.

[0022] Advantageously, the insertion device can position at least one identification unit in a predefined area within the formwork system component. Furthermore, the device can include a processing device that can process a predefined area of ​​the formwork system component using suitable processing tools. The device can also include a fastening device that is capable of fixing the positioned identification unit to the predefined area within the formwork system component.

[0023] The fastening device, which can be designed as an integral part of the insertion device such that the insertion, positioning, and fixing of the identification unit can be carried out in a single process step. In this way, a method can be provided that requires only a single additional The device or machine can perform the additional process step.

[0024] The insertion device can also include a magazine device that provides the identification units to be inserted, for example, a revolver magazine. This magazine device can hold different identification units and, if necessary, transfer them directly to the insertion device. Furthermore, the device can include a corrosion protection application device that coats the opening or recess formed by the processing device with a corrosion protection or sealing material. The device can also include a closing device that closes the opening or recess.

[0025] For this purpose, the required identification elements can be embedded in specially manufactured enclosures made of various plastics, ceramics, metals, or composite materials. These enclosures are intended to protect the electronic components, such as an analog circuit for receiving and transmitting, a digital circuit, a permanent memory, any energy storage device, and an antenna, from external mechanical, thermal, or chemical influences and to ensure the error-free operation of the identification element in all areas of application.

[0026] With regard to the types of use or application areas of the tags, two different wireless data transmission technologies are advantageous, which differ fundamentally in their data signal transmission techniques. On the one hand, a so-called "backscatter" method is used, which reflects a radio signal emitted by a reader, or modulates information onto the corresponding signal or field by field attenuation in a contactless short circuit. The communication unit used for this is also called a transponder. On the other hand, a communication unit, also called a transceiver, is used, the data transmission of which is based on a signal emitted by the transceiver.

[0027] The different tags can also be differentiated by their internal power supply elements. As a further particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one contactlessly writable and / or readable electronic identification element can be based on a passive radio data transmission technology that does not require an internal power supply. The advantage here is that the passive tags generate their energy to power the microchip from received radio waves.

[0028] Furthermore, it can be provided, for example, that the at least one electronic identification element that can be written to and / or read without contact can be based on an active or semi-active radio data transmission technology, which may have an internal power supply. These tags can be equipped with batteries that are responsible for powering the microchip, but are also used for power transmission in transceivers and can enable a significantly greater range for writing and / or reading the tag data than passive tags.

[0029] Against this background, according to a preferred objective of the present invention, it is also provided that the tag can be based on a radio technology that can operate at low frequencies from 30 Hz to 1 MHz. It is particularly preferred that the frequency can be in the range of 120 kHz to 132 kHz. Particularly preferred in this frequency range is the frequency of 125 kHz or 131 kHz, and that the electromagnetic energy field required for writing and reading the tag data can have a magnetic component of at least 60%.

[0030] A further objective of the invention is that the tag can be based on a technology that can operate at high frequencies in the range of 3 MHz to 30 MHz. In the high-frequency range, a frequency of 4.91 MHz or 13.56 MHz is usually advantageous. In this case, it is particularly preferred, in accordance with the invention, that the electromagnetic energy field has a magnetic component of no more than 45%.

[0031] With regard to a further objective of the invention, the use of a radio data transmission technology that can operate in a range with very high frequencies from 400 MHz to 6 GHz. The frequencies 433 MHz, 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 950 MHz, 2.45 GHz, or 5.8 GHz have proven to be particularly preferred. Furthermore, it is especially preferred that the energy field at frequencies in the range of 400 MHz to 6 GHz has a magnetic component of no more than 20%.

[0032] Furthermore, read rates of 300 to 9600 baud are advantageous, with 1200 baud being particularly preferred. With regard to a radio data transmission technology operating at high or very high frequencies, read operations in the range of 150 to 200 read operations per second can be particularly advantageous, whereas at lower frequencies For frequencies below 3 MHz, the number of read operations in the range of 5 to 20 read operations per second is particularly preferred.

[0033] Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying schematic drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the formwork element according to the invention are described in detail. However, these exemplary embodiments are not intended to limit the invention in any way and are of an exemplary nature.

[0034] The above-mentioned features can be combined in any way, partially or as a whole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Fig. 1 shows a device according to a first embodiment;

[0036] Fig. 2 shows a device according to a second embodiment;

[0037] Fig. 3 shows a device according to a third embodiment;

[0038] Fig. 4 shows a rectangular cross-section of a formwork system component;

[0039] Fig. 5 shows a circular cross-section of a second formwork system component;

[0040] Fig. 6 shows further rectangular and circular cross-sections of both formwork system components; DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EXECUTION FORMS

[0041] Preferred embodiments of the formwork support according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figures 1 to 3 schematically show particularly preferred embodiments of an identification element insertion device 400, which inserts and fixes the identification elements into the provided formwork system components by means of an insertion device 600, a processing device 700, a fastening device 800 and a closing device 900.

[0043] The identification element insertion device 400 is shown in Fig. 1 as a production line and illustrates the most important components. A supply device 500 can select from different formwork element components, such as a tubular support element 300, a rectangular frame element component 101, or a complete frame formwork 100. The provided formwork system components 100, 101, and 300 are introduced into the production process by means of the supply device 500. The production process can also be designed as a repair or maintenance process. The insertion device 600 can insert the preferably used identification elements 10 and 50 into the provided components with the aid of movable elements.The identification elements 10, 50 are inserted into the formwork system components through the openings 30 of the provided components, which are already specified by the design and structure and are fixed in place.

[0044] Furthermore, Fig. 2 shows a process flow based on the process from Fig. 1, however, it is modified by a Machining device 700 subsequent recesses or openings 40 were introduced into the structure of the formwork system components.

[0045] Fig. 3, however, shows a further embodiment of the production process according to the invention. A preceding The supply unit 500 can introduce frame elements 100, as well as support elements 300 or frame element components 101, into the production process. A processing device 700 can be equipped with a processing end device 720, which can be configured as a drilling, milling, or punching machine. This device is capable of creating and forming recesses or holes in the formwork system components introduced into the production process. In a further production step, an insertion device 600 can insert and position the contactlessly writable and / or readable identification elements into the circumferential structure of the formwork element. The fastening device 800 shown here can be equipped with a fastening end device 820 that is capable of applying various types of adhesive.Furthermore, the fastening device is capable of providing light sources or chemical aids to provide any additional functions that may be required to achieve the specified adhesive curing.

[0046] The locking device 900, also shown in Fig. 3, can provide a locking unit 90 and insert it into the corresponding position in the formwork element component. The component, now equipped with the locking unit inserted, can be transferred to a storage system by means of a further provisioning device 550.

[0047] The identification element can be a so-called transponder 10 or transceiver 50, which is based on a passive radio data transmission technology. This is primarily a so-called radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. In an embodiment not shown, the RFID transponder mainly consists of a permanent memory, a digital circuit, an analog circuit for receiving and transmitting, one or more different antennas, an energy storage device, and a carrier and housing. In addition to RFID technology, other wireless network standards such as WiFi, ZigBee, Bluetooth or RuBee can also be used.

[0048] To largely eliminate interference between the identification elements during multiple uses, the distance between the tags should not be less than 10 mm. Furthermore, tags that can operate on different frequencies are advantageous. These tags are equipped with two or more antennas that allow them to receive and / or transmit data on several different frequencies.

[0049] In the identification element, an alternating electromagnetic field induces a current in the antenna, which is capable of activating a microchip so that it can receive commands from a reader and modulate a response into the electromagnetic field sent by the reader. This response can include data that has been stored in the corresponding memory.

[0050] A major advantage is that this data can contain various pieces of information regarding the formwork element according to the invention, such as the storage of type designation, manufacturer and date of manufacture, weight, material, as well as buyer or borrower identification numbers, etc. Information about the construction project can also be important, such as details about the construction site or the exact installation location in a complex formwork system.

[0051] With regard to the stored data of the formwork elements according to the invention, it is very advantageous to store and secure this data in networked, distributed systems. A complex distributed database and system structure prevents data loss and ensures worldwide access to the data, thus enabling a continuous and uninterrupted lifecycle of a formwork element according to the invention. This allows for precise, comprehensive, and automatic data synchronization at any time.

[0052] Since the passive transponders used do not have an internal power supply, they can also be manufactured relatively inexpensively. Various designs of the identification element can be selected for integration into the formwork element according to the invention. As shown schematically, for example, in Fig. 4, the identification element can have a height of several hundred micrometers to several millimeters, and its area can vary from a few square millimeters to several square centimeters. Furthermore, the transponders used can be made of materials that are insensitive to mechanical or chemical influences, especially during the manufacturing process of the formwork element according to the invention.

[0053] The use of more than one tag offers a significant advantage, as a higher number of tags allows for the necessary increased redundancy with regard to the desired identification security. Therefore, identification security increases with the number of tags used.

[0054] The transceiver 50 shown in Fig. 1 is based on a different radio data transmission technology than the passive transponder 10 and is therefore particularly preferred in the method according to the invention. This is a data signal-transmitting transceiver 50, which is part of the RuBee data transmission system. This system is a data protocol that enables the special tags to be networked via a bidirectional, on-demand, peer-to-peer network structure. The system consists mainly of special tags (transceiver 50) that operate below a frequency of 1 MHz and include, for example, an integrated circuit, a resonant circuit (crystal), an internal power supply such as a lithium or alkaline battery, and a data storage unit.

[0055] These identification elements are divided into active and semi-active tags 50 and have different operating times, with active elements having a short lifespan due to their continuous activity. In contrast, semi-active tags are put into a sleep mode and only transmit data if they are activated by a wake-up signal, which in turn allows for long operating times.

[0056] Figures 4 to 6 show cross-sections of the different components 101, 300 and the identification elements 10, 50 attached therein. Figure 4 shows a locking unit 90, which is designed as a countersink. The head plug is formed and adapted to the recess provided in the rectangular frame element component 101. To prevent corrosion damage, the contact surface 80 is coated with corrosion protection. Corrosion protection can also be achieved by suitable adhesives, which in turn ensure a material-bonded and / or non-removable connection between the locking unit 90 and the frame element 101. A force-fit connection is also shown here.

[0057] Furthermore, Fig. 4 shows an identification element 50, which is positioned directly on the inside of the frame profile 101 and is fixed and attached with an adhesive 85. In the production process as shown in Fig. 3, the identification element can be inserted, positioned, fixed and secured against tampering through the opening, which can be covered by the closure unit 90.

[0058] Fig. 5, however, shows a similar possibility of attaching an identification element 50 in a tubular support element 300. Here, the tag 50 can be attached in an adhesive by embedding it completely with its circumferential contour in the adhesive.

[0059] Fig. 6 reveals a further modification of the locking unit 90. Here, a force-fit, non-releasable connection between the locking unit and the frame element 101 is created by a barb-shaped structure of the locking unit 90. Since reducing the process time is an important aspect of the method according to the invention and the corresponding device, Fig. 6 shows another way to save time. Here, a prefabricated adhesive device is attached to the identification element 50, which forms a material-bonded connection upon contact with the inside of the tube profile 101. Light-curing adhesives are also conceivable for this purpose.

[0060] Fig. 7, on the other hand, shows a tubular component structure 300, which completely occupies the interior of the tubular structure 300 by means of an adhesive. This adhesive could be a fast-curing foam (PU) or foam material. In the production process, the identification element can be inserted into the interior of the support element structure on a rope-like device and then filled with a suitable adhesive. Subsequent sealing with the closure unit 90 provides the necessary and desired security with regard to protection against unauthorized removal.

[0061] Since, in the method according to the invention, the identification elements are located within mostly metallic formwork system components along their entire circumferential contour, identification elements designed as transceivers are particularly preferable. The disadvantages of transponder technology can be avoided by using transceivers. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0062] This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. The list does not form part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0063] - DE 10055060 A1

[0007] - DE 20005975 U1

[0008] - DE 202007002502 U1

[0009]

Claims

[1] Method for introducing at least one identification unit into a formwork system component, in particular for the production of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, wherein at least one identification unit is introduced through at least one opening in the formwork system component, characterized by the fact that The identification unit is placed entirely inside the formwork system component within its circumferential contour. [2] A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the formwork system component is a frame element of a is designed as a formwork panel support. [3] A method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the formwork system component is designed as a scaffolding element. [4] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the formwork system component is designed as a support element. [5] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the opening of the formwork system component is formed during the manufacturing process of the formwork system component. [6] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that during the manufacturing process of the The formwork system component is formed by shaping or punching the component-forming material plates. [7] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the opening is formed as a recess in a formwork system component that has already been pre-assembled. [8] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the recess is formed in a rectangular, circular or irregular shape by sawing, milling or drilling. [9] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the identification unit is introduced through the opening into the formwork system component and is fixed by an adhesive bond within the formwork system component structure. [10] A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the adhesive bond is formed by physically setting adhesives, chemically curing adhesives, or by adhesives without a hardening mechanism. [11] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the opening in the A corrosion protection or sealing material is applied to the surrounding surfaces of the formwork system component. [12] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the opening in the formwork system component is closed by a closure device adapted to the opening. [13] A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the locking device is connected to the formwork system component by force-locking, form-locking or material-locking. [14] A method according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the closure device is designed as a rivet, screw, closure cap with barbed projections or as a pin. [15] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the identification unit is designed as a transponder. [16] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the identification unit is designed as a transceiver. [17] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the identification unit is based on a radio data transmission technology that operates at low frequencies from 30 Hz to 1 MHz. [18] A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the energy field of the radio data transmission waves has a magnetic component of at least 60%. [19] Device for carrying out the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that an identification element insertion device comprises a component provision device and an insertion device. [20] Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the insertion device includes at least one identification unit at a predefined area within the formwork system component nente positioned. [21] Device according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the device further comprises a processing device which can process predefined areas of the formwork system component by means of suitable processing tools. [22] Device according to at least one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the device further comprises a It has a fastening device that fixes the positioned identification unit to the predefined area within the formwork system component. [23] Device according to claim 22, characterized in that the fastening device is an integral part of the insertion device and is designed such that the insertion, positioning and fixing of the identification unit is carried out in one process step. [24] Device of at least one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that the insertion device has a magazine device which provides the identification units to be inserted. [25] Device of at least one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the device further comprises a Corrosion protection application device, which has an opening or recess formed by the processing device, coated with a corrosion protection or sealing material. [26] Device according to at least one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that the device further comprises a closing device which closes the opening or recess.

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