Adapter for a trailer hitch socket

Abstract

Adapter for a trailer socket (96) of a trailer coupling (91) for attaching a trailer (A), wherein the adapter (20) has a base body (24) and a primary contact arrangement (15) arranged thereon, which has several primary contacts (1-13) according to a European or German standard, in particular 7 primary contacts (1-7) according to DIN 1724 or 13 primary contacts (1-13) according to ISO 11446, for establishing an electrical connection with corresponding socket contacts (101-113) of the trailer socket (96), wherein the adapter (20) has a secondary contact arrangement (50) arranged on the base body (24) with secondary contacts (51-57) according to a US standard, so that a trailer plug conforming to the US standard for supplying electrical power to a trailer can be electrically connected to the secondary contact arrangement (50),and wherein the secondary contact arrangement (50) and the primary contact arrangement (15) are connected to each other via an electrical connection arrangement (70), characterized in that a single secondary contact (51-57) is provided for controlling a right and a left rear light of the trailer and forms a secondary rear light contact, and that the secondary rear light contact is electrically connected to two separate primary contacts (1-13) provided for a right and a left rear light.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an adapter for a trailer socket of a trailer coupling for attaching a trailer, wherein the adapter comprises a base body and a primary contact arrangement arranged thereon, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] The trailer socket is, for example, a 13-pin trailer socket according to ISO 11446 or a 7-pin trailer socket according to DIN 1724. It is known to provide an adapter that allows, for example, a 13-pin trailer plug according to ISO 11446 to be connected to a 7-pin trailer socket according to DIN 1724. This adapter enables standard-compliant wiring with minimal effort. However, beyond these typical DIN-to-DIN or DIN-to-ISO adapters, no other socket adapters are available. Therefore, country-specific sockets or socket wiring must generally be provided, which is correspondingly complex.

[0003] An adapter according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, for example, from US 5 030 938 A.

[0004] US 2002 / 0125771 A1 describes an electrical interface device to facilitate the detachable coupling of one or more electrical subsystems of a towing vehicle and a towed vehicle and to provide an associated modular, removable circuit, overload, short-circuit and reverse polarity protection and power signal filtering.

[0005] From US patent 2010 / 0308984 A1, a visual display device and an adapter for a trailer are known, comprising a control circuit electrically connected to a plurality of lamps arranged at the rear of a trailer. The control circuit is configured to supply a first voltage signal to the plurality of lamps in response to a current signal and a second voltage signal to the plurality of lamps in response to a brake signal.

[0006] DE 600 00 425 T relates to a plug for the electrical connection between a towing vehicle and a trailer, comprising a housing, a contact holder body and a bayonet connection section for connecting the plug to a socket, wherein the bayonet connection section can be rotated relative to the contact holder body between a position for inserting the plug into the socket and a position in which the plug is locked in the socket.

[0007] From DE 200 16 685 U1, a connector adapter for the electrical coupling of the electrical systems of a towing vehicle and a trailer is known, wherein the vehicle electrical system has a 13-pin connector and the trailer electrical system (22) has a 7-pin connector, which can be connected to each other by means of the 13 / 7-pin adapter. In the adapter, one of the current paths that connect the seven trailer-side contacts to the corresponding towing vehicle-side contacts of the adapter is electrically connected to one of the remaining six free contacts of the total thirteen towing vehicle-side contacts of the adapter.

[0008] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an alternative adapter for a trailer socket, so that the application range of a standard-compliant trailer socket according to DIN 1724 or ISO 11446 is extended.

[0009] To solve the problem, an adapter according to claim 1 is provided.

[0010] Thus, for example, a trailer hitch that has been developed for the European market and has the appropriate wiring can also be used in the US market without the need for costly modifications, adjustments or specific trailer sockets.

[0011] The contact configuration of a 13-pin socket according to DIN ISO 11446 is, for example, as follows: Contact 1: Left turn signal Contact 2: rear fog light Contact 3: Ground for circuits 1-8 Contact 4: Right turn signal Contact 5: Rear light, marker light, license plate light, right Contact 6: brake lights Contact 7: Rear light, marker light, license plate light, left Contact 8: reversing light Contact 9: Power supply (permanent live) Contact 10: Charging cable trailer battery, power supply, ignition switch controlled Contact 11: Ground for circuit via contact 10 Contact 12: Trailer recognition Contact 13: Ground for circuit 9

[0012] The contact configuration of the 7-pin socket according to DIN 1724, ISO 1724 and ISO 1185 is as follows: Contact 1: Left turn signal Contact 2: rear fog light Contact 3: Ground for circuits 1-7 Contact 4: Right turn signal Contact 5: Rear light, marker light, license plate light, right Contact 6: brake lights Contact 7: Rear light, marker light, license plate light, left

[0013] It can be seen, for example, that contacts 1 to 7 are identical in ISO 11446 and DIN 1724, while the 13-pin version has additional contacts, for example, for a permanent live circuit for the trailer. Contact 12 of a trailer socket according to ISO 11446 is intended for trailer detection. In practice, however, this is rarely the case.

[0014] This brings us to another aspect of the invention, according to which an electrical connection set for a trailer coupling is provided for operation with the adapter according to the invention. The connection set comprises a trailer socket with a 13-pin contact arrangement according to ISO 11446, and, for example, contact 12 of the trailer socket is configured to control an electric brake of the trailer. It is understood that contacts other than contact 12 would also be possible, provided they are not needed for other purposes. For example, contact 10 is suitable for this purpose if no charging line is required on the trailer.

[0015] The adapter expediently has at least one secondary contact for transmitting a signal to control the trailer's electric brake. This secondary contact is electrically connected to a primary contact that matches the contact intended for controlling the trailer's electric brake, e.g., contact 12 of the trailer socket.

[0016] The contacts, both primary and secondary, can be, for example, prongs, sockets, or both, depending on the requirements of the standard, the socket into which the adapter is plugged, or the plug that is inserted into the adapter. For instance, if the primary side conforms to ISO 11446, the primary contacts are designed as prongs. However, if the primary side is to comply with DIN 1724, contacts 2, 5, and 7, for example, are designed as female contacts or sockets.

[0017] The secondary contacts are preferably designed as plug-in sockets.

[0018] The secondary contact arrangement expediently comprises 7 electrical contacts. The secondary side of the adapter is expediently constructed according to a mechanical and electrical scheme that the US manufacturer Pollak produces in large quantities. The secondary side of the adapter thus corresponds, for example, to a Pollak socket type. Therefore, the term "standard" should also be understood to mean that the US plug or the secondary side of the adapter conforms to a commercially available standard.

[0019] An advantageous aspect of the invention provides that the secondary contact arrangement has at least one electrical brake / turn signal contact for controlling a combined brake / turn signal light of the trailer. In the USA, it is common practice for the brake light to also function as the turn signal light. The brake / turn signal contact (on the secondary side) is electrically connected to a brake light primary contact (also for controlling a brake light) and a turn signal primary contact (also for controlling a right or left turn signal) of the primary contact arrangement, such that the secondary-side brake / turn signal contact is energized when the brake light primary contact or the turn signal primary contact is energized. Therefore, if either of the two primary contacts for the brake light or turn signal has power, the output-side secondary contact, the secondary brake / turn signal contact, also has power.It is understood that, expediently, a corresponding combined secondary brake-flasher contact is provided for the right and left sides of the trailer, i.e., for the right and left combined brake-flasher lights.

[0020] Feedback between the primary contacts for the brake light and turn signal via the secondary brake / turn signal contact is expediently avoided by the following measure. It is expediently provided that at least one electrical diode is provided between the brake light primary contact and the brake / turn signal contact, or between the turn signal primary contact and the brake / turn signal contact. This diode is electrically conductive in one direction (from the brake light primary contact or from the turn signal primary contact to the brake / turn signal contact) and electrically blocking in the opposite direction. The diode may, for example, comprise a blocking diode, a transistor, or the like.

[0021] Of course, the adapter can also incorporate other electrical measures, such as complex electronic simulation or decoupling measures. Galvanic isolation is also possible, meaning that, for example, the primary and secondary circuits are galvanically isolated from each other via a transformer to prevent the aforementioned feedback.

[0022] The base body should ideally have a thread for screwing into a mating thread of the trailer socket. The primary side of the base body should ideally conform to standards, meaning it also exhibits the mechanical properties of a typical trailer plug according to, for example, ISO 11446 or DIN 1724. The screw thread can also be of a bayonet type.

[0023] The base unit conveniently features a retaining projection to hold the cover of the trailer socket in the open position. This retaining projection also conveniently serves as an anti-rotation device, preventing the adapter, which essentially functions as a plug on its primary side, from being unintentionally unscrewed from the trailer socket.

[0024] The lid retaining projection expediently has an outer contour that fits into an inner contour of the lid of the trailer socket, for example in a form-fitting manner or at least in a section-fitting manner.

[0025] The secondary side of the adapter should be closable, for example by a lid. The lid is preferably designed as a hinged lid, meaning that the lid is preferably pivotally mounted on the base body.

[0026] The base body is expediently formed by the adapter housing. Naturally, the base body can be a single piece or comprise multiple parts. It is also possible for the respective contact arrangements to be designed as contact inserts that can be fitted into a corresponding recess in the base body or the adapter housing.

[0027] One primary contact of the adapter is conveniently designed to control the trailer's electric brake and is connected to a corresponding secondary contact. The primary contact is, for example, contact 12. Of course, other contacts can also be used accordingly.

[0028] According to the invention, on the primary side, i.e., in the primary contact arrangement for a right and a left rear light of the trailer, separate primary rear light contacts are provided, while on the secondary contact arrangement, a single secondary rear light contact is provided, which is then electrically connected to the two separate primary rear light contacts. A diode circuit can also be provided here, meaning that, for example, the current cannot flow from one primary rear light contact to the other primary rear light contact via the secondary rear light contact.

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a perspective oblique view of an adapter according to the invention from its secondary side, Fig. 2 the adapter according to Fig. 1. Oblique perspective from its primary side, Fig.3 a frontal view of a primary contact arrangement of the adapter according to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 a side view of the adapter according to Fig. 1-3 from diagonally below, Fig. 5 a circuit diagram and an electrical connection arrangement of the adapter according to the preceding figures, and Fig. 6 a trailer hitch with a trailer socket into which the adapter is inserted according to Fig. 1-5 can be plugged in.

[0030] One in Fig. The coupling arrangement 90 shown in Figure 6 comprises a trailer coupling 91 with a coupling arm 92 on which a coupling piece, for example a ball head 93, is arranged.

[0031] The trailer coupling 91 is designed to be detachable, meaning that the coupling arm 92 can be mounted on a bracket 94, e.g., plugged in, or removed from this bracket 94.

[0032] Of course, this is not important, i.e., the invention can of course also be used, for example, with trailer couplings that swivel between a working position and a non-working position, or with trailer couplings that are fixedly mounted on the towing vehicle.

[0033] The bracket 94 is, for example, mounted on a crossmember Q of a motor vehicle K. The bracket 94 is usually concealed behind a rear apron or bumper of the motor vehicle K, which is not shown.

[0034] A trailer socket 96 is arranged on a, for example, a stationary or movable socket holder 95. The trailer socket has a contact arrangement 100 with socket contacts 101-113. The contact arrangement 100 is located in a housing 97 of the trailer socket 96 and can advantageously be closed by a cover 98, although this is not necessary. The cover 98 is pivotally mounted on the housing 97 by means of a pivot bearing 99 in a manner known per se and can be adjusted between a closed position, as shown in the drawing, and an open position in which the socket contacts 101-113 are accessible.

[0035] For example, socket contacts 101-113 are designed as plug sockets. The electrical configuration of socket contacts 101-109 and 113 follows the scheme for contacts 1-9 and 13 according to ISO 11446, which has already been explained above. Contact 2 and / or 10 and / or 11 may, for example, be left unconnected.

[0036] It is not possible to directly connect a plug conforming to a US standard, such as a so-called Pollak plug, to the trailer socket 96. For example, the separate socket contacts 106, 104, and 101 are provided for the brake light and the two right and left turn signals, whereas according to the US standard, the left turn signal essentially also serves as the left brake light of the trailer, and the right turn signal essentially serves as the right brake light of the trailer. Furthermore, the US plug is not mechanically compatible with the European trailer socket 96. This is where the invention comes in:

[0037] For connecting, for example, a so-called Pollak connector according to a US standard or a typical US convention to the trailer socket 96, an adapter 20 is provided, which has a primary side P and a secondary side S. The primary side P complies with the ISO 11446 standard, i.e., primary contacts 1-13 of a primary contact arrangement 15 have a typical electrical configuration according to ISO 11446 and are mechanically arranged according to the standard. The primary contacts 1-13 are designed, for example, as plug-in prongs 22.

[0038] The plug-in prongs 22 are arranged, for example, in a recess 23 of a housing 21 of the adapter 20. The housing 21 forms a base body 24 of the adapter 20. For example, the primary contacts 1-13 are arranged on a contact insert 25, which is located inside the housing 21. The primary contacts 1-13, or the plug-in prongs 22, are surrounded by a circumferential wall 26 of the housing 21. On the outside of the circumferential wall 26 is a thread 27, which can be screwed into an internal thread of the trailer socket 96 (not visible in the drawing).

[0039] A cover retaining projection 28 is also arranged on the circumferential wall 26, projecting radially outwards from the circumferential wall 26. The cover retaining projection 28 serves to keep the cover 98 of the trailer socket 96 open. It also acts as an anti-rotation device, ensuring that the adapter 20 screwed into the internal thread of the trailer socket 96 is secured against rotation when the cover retaining projection 28 is engaged with the cover 98.

[0040] The lid retaining projection 28 comprises a plate 29, the outer contour 30 of which corresponds to an inner contour of the lid 98. The outer contour 30 fits into the inner contour of the lid 98 in a form-fitting manner, at least substantially. A base 31 extends between the plate 29 and the circumferential wall 26.

[0041] Between the section of the circumferential wall 26, on which the cover retaining projection 28 is arranged, and a free end face area 32 of the circumferential wall 26, a flange projection 33 extends, which forms a stop element when screwing the thread 27 into the trailer socket 96.

[0042] The primary contacts 1-13 have the following electrical contact assignment: 1 Left turn signal 2 3 Ground for pins 1-8 4 Right turn signal 5 Right rear light 6 Brake lights left and right 7 Left rear light 8 Reversing lights 9 Permanent power supply terminal 30 10 11 12 electric brake 13 Ground for contact 9

[0043] Secondary contacts 51-57 of a secondary contact arrangement 50 are provided on the secondary side S.

[0044] The secondary contacts 51-56 are designed as contact tabs 58, which fit into corresponding contact sockets on a schematically represented so-called Pollak connector S. The Pollak connector S supplies electrical components of a trailer A (not shown except for the connector S) via a connecting line V, e.g., brake and indicator lights, an electric brake, etc.

[0045] The central secondary contact 57 comprises two opposing contact tabs 59 that enclose an interior space, allowing a corresponding plug-in protrusion of the Pollak connector to be inserted there. In principle, the secondary contact 57 is therefore designed as a plug socket.

[0046] The secondary contacts are protected from environmental influences in a recess 60 of the housing 21. The recess 60 is bounded by the circumferential wall 26.

[0047] It should be noted here that the circumferential wall 26 is essentially cylindrical, although this is not essential. Furthermore, the circumferential wall 26 can be stepped, i.e., in the longitudinal direction 34 of the adapter 20, it can have different sections 35, 36, and 37, which have different diameters. Section 35, for example, forms the circumferential wall around the recess 23, while section 36 is a middle section with the cover retaining projection 28 and has a smaller diameter than the front section 35. Section 37 forms the circumferential wall around the recess 60 on the secondary side S.

[0048] However, it is advantageous if an outer contour of the adapter 20 corresponds approximately to an outer contour of the trailer socket 96, so that the adapter 20 mounted on the trailer socket 96 forms, so to speak, a single unit with the trailer socket 96 and is as compact as possible.

[0049] The secondary contacts 51-57 are, for example, arranged on a contact insert 67, which is inserted into the housing 21. However, it is also possible that the primary contacts 1-13 and / or the secondary contacts 51-57 are held directly by the housing 21, for example by being overmolded with the housing material.

[0050] A flange plate 61 is provided on section 37, i.e., the secondary side S. A cover 62 for closing the secondary contact arrangement 50 is also provided on the secondary side S.

[0051] The lid 62 can be easily grasped with a handle 63, which protrudes from a base body of the lid 62.

[0052] The cover 62 is pivotally mounted on the flange plate 61 by means of a pivot bearing 64. Of course, it would also be conceivable to pivot the cover 62 in another way or at a different location on the housing 21. Advantageously, the cover 62 is designed to completely close the recess 60 and also to externally encompass or cover the section 37 of the circumferential wall 26 that surrounds the recess 60. Thus, when the cover 62 is closed, the circumferential wall 26 engages in a recess 65 on the cover 62.

[0053] On the primary contacts 1-13, i.e., on the primary side P, a coding 38, for example a protrusion, is provided which engages with a corresponding coding of the trailer socket 96 (not visible in the drawing) to ensure that the adapter 20 is inserted into the trailer socket 96 in the correct rotational position. Similarly, on the secondary side S, i.e., on the secondary contacts 51-57, a coding 66 is provided, for example a recess, into which a corresponding counter-coding on the US trailer plug (not shown) can engage.

[0054] The flange plate 61 forms, so to speak, a front stop for the US plug. It is advantageously designed that the mechanical components on the secondary side S conceal the mechanical components of the adapter 20 located behind it when the adapter 20 is mounted on the trailer socket 96. For example, the flange plate 61 projects approximately as far forward of the outer circumference or the circumferential wall 26 as the cover retaining projection 28.

[0055] It should be noted at this point that, of course, to keep the cover 98 of the trailer socket 96 open, a projection on the adapter 20 is not necessarily required, but that, for example, the plate 29 could also be arranged directly on a housing with a larger outer circumference, i.e., that, for example, the foot part 31 is then not necessary.

[0056] The secondary contacts 51-56 have the following electrical contact assignment: 51 Left turn signal and brake 52 mass 53 electric brake 54 Right turn signal and brake light 55 Permanent power supply K130 56 Left and right taillights 57 Reversing lights

[0057] The socket contacts of the trailer socket 96 are electrically wired as follows: Socket contact 101: Left turn signal Socket contact 102: Rear fog light (optional) Socket contact 103: Ground for contacts 1-8 Socket contact 104: Right turn signal Socket contact 105: Right rear light Socket contact 106: Brake lights left and right Socket contact 107: Left rear light Socket contact 108: Reversing light / reversing lamp Socket contact 109: Power supply (permanent positive) or terminal 30 Socket contact 110: Charging cable for trailer battery, power supply, ignition switch controlled (optional) Socket contact 111: Ground for circuit via contact 10 Socket contact 112: electric brake Socket contact 113: Ground for circuit via contact 9

[0058] In the trailer socket 96, pin 112 carries a signal for activating the trailer's electric brakes. Electric brakes are mandatory in the USA for trailers above a certain weight. Using trailer socket 96 without adapter 20, for example with a trailer whose plug has a European standard electrical pin configuration, generally does not cause any problems, as pin 112 is not usually used.

[0059] An innovative circuit diagram for connecting the primary contact 13 with the secondary contacts 51-57 is described in Fig. Figure 5 shows an electrical connection arrangement 70 comprising electrical conductors L1, L3-L9, L12 and L13, which are connected to the primary contacts 1, 3-9, 12 and 13.

[0060] Line L9 connects primary contact 9 directly to secondary contact 55, meaning that constant power is, in effect, switched through. Primary contact 8 is also directly connected to a secondary contact, namely via line L8 to secondary contact 57 for the trailer's reversing light.

[0061] Finally, the primary contact 12 assigned to the electric brake is also directly connected to a secondary contact via line L12, namely the secondary contact 53.

[0062] Since the US wiring only provides a single power supply for the right and left taillights, the two lines L5-L7 are connected together and lead as line S6 to the corresponding secondary contact 56 for the trailer's taillight.

[0063] Primary contacts 3 and 13 are each assigned to a ground potential and can be connected to the corresponding socket contacts 103 and 113 of the trailer socket 96, respectively. On the secondary side, adapter 20 has only one ground potential, namely secondary contact 52. Accordingly, the two lines L3 and L13 are electrically connected to each other and routed as line S2 to secondary contact 52.

[0064] Since a US trailer only has one combined brake / turn signal light, which is continuously powered when braking and pulsed when flashing, corresponding secondary contacts 51 and 54 are provided for the left and right brake / turn signal lights, forming, in effect, brake / turn signal contacts. However, secondary contacts 51 and 54 are not directly connected to the corresponding primary contacts 1 and 6 or 4 and 6, respectively, but rather via a diode circuit comprising diode elements 71-74, such as blocking diodes, transistors, or similar components.

[0065] The diode circuit with the diode elements 71-74 is preferably arranged on a circuit board 75, although a so-called "fly-by-fly" wiring arrangement is also readily possible. For example, it is also possible that the circuit board 75 is integrally arranged on the contact insert 25 or on the contact insert 67 having the secondary contacts 51-57, or that the contact inserts 25 and / or 67 form carriers for electronic components, e.g., the diode elements 71-74.

[0066] On this circuit board 75 or other electronic component, for example, a simulation circuit 76 with, for example, a storage capacitor, transistors and the like, may also be present in order to simulate at least one function on the secondary side S of the adapter 20 to the primary side P: The simulation circuit 76 can, for example, simulate a flashing light pulse at the flashing light primary contacts 1 and 4, even if there is a constant current at the secondary contacts 51 and 54 on the secondary side, namely when there is a constant current from the brake light primary contact 6.One possibility is that the simulation circuit 76, for example, checks whether a current pulse is received via lines L1 or L4 and at the same time the secondary-side circuit is permanently closed (in the case of brake lights) or at least during the primary-side current pulses (in the case of flashing lights) and simulates on the primary side that the circuit via the trailer flashing lights is closed on lines S1 or S4 during the current pulses.

[0067] Lines L1 and L6 are connected via diode elements 71 and 73 to a line S1, which in turn is connected to the secondary contact 51.

[0068] The lines L4 and L6, which are connected to the primary contacts 4 and 6, are connected to the secondary contact 54 via diode elements 72 and 74, which are connected on the output side to a line S4.

[0069] Secondary contacts 51 and 54 are, for example, brake and flasher contacts.

Claims

Adapter for a trailer socket (96) of a trailer coupling (91) for attaching a trailer (A), wherein the adapter (20) has a base body (24) and a primary contact arrangement (15) arranged thereon, which has several primary contacts (1-13) according to a European or German standard, in particular 7 primary contacts (1-7) according to DIN 1724 or 13 primary contacts (1-13) according to ISO 11446, for establishing an electrical connection with corresponding socket contacts (101-113) of the trailer socket (96), wherein the adapter (20) has a secondary contact arrangement (50) arranged on the base body (24) with secondary contacts (51-57) according to a US standard, so that a trailer plug conforming to the US standard for supplying electrical power to a trailer can be electrically connected to the secondary contact arrangement (50),and wherein the secondary contact arrangement (50) and the primary contact arrangement (15) are connected to each other via an electrical connection arrangement (70), characterized in that a single secondary contact (51-57) is provided for controlling a right and a left rear light of the trailer and forms a secondary rear light contact, and that the secondary rear light contact is electrically connected to two separate primary contacts (1-13) provided for a right and a left rear light. Adapter (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary contact arrangement (50) has 7 electrical contacts and / or corresponds to a Pollak socket type. Adapter (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary contact arrangement (50) has at least one electrical brake-flasher contact (51, 54) which is provided for controlling a combined brake-flasher light of the trailer, wherein the brake-flasher contact (51, 54) is electrically connected to a brake light primary contact (6) provided for controlling a brake light and a flasher primary contact (1, 4) of the primary contact arrangement (15) provided for controlling a right or left flasher such that the brake-flasher contact (51, 54) is energized when the brake light primary contact (6) or the flasher primary contact (1, 4) is energized. Adapter according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one electrical diode element (71-74), in particular a blocking diode or a transistor, is provided between the brake light primary contact (6) and the brake flasher contact (51, 54) or the flasher primary contact (1, 4) and the brake flasher contact (51, 54), wherein the diode element (71-74) is electrically conductive in one current direction from the brake light primary contact (1-13) or from the flasher primary contact (1-13) to the brake flasher contact (51, 54) and electrically blocking in the opposite direction. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a thread (27) for screwing into a mating thread of the trailer socket (96) is provided on the base body (24). Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lid-holding projection (28) for holding a lid (98) of the trailer socket (96) in an open position is provided on the base body (24). Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lid retaining projection (28) has an outer contour which fits into an inner contour of the lid (98) of the trailer socket (96), in particular in a form-fitting manner. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a cover (62) for closing the secondary contact arrangement (50). Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a primary contact (1-13) is provided for controlling an electric brake of the trailer and is connected to a corresponding secondary contact (51-57). Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary contact arrangement (15) has at least two primary contacts (1-13) provided for connection to an electrical ground potential, both of which are electrically connected to an electrical secondary contact (51-57). Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a simulation circuit (76) for generating a signal that simulates a correct function of a light, in particular a flashing light of the trailer, at at least one primary contact (1-13). Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one secondary contact (51-57) for transmitting a signal for controlling an electric brake of the trailer. Electrical connection set for a trailer coupling (91) for attaching a trailer (A) for operation with an adapter (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connection set comprises a trailer socket (96) with a 13-pin contact arrangement according to ISO 11446 and one contact, in particular contact 12, of the trailer socket (96) is designed to control an electric brake of the trailer. Trailer coupling for attaching a trailer with an electrical connection set according to claim 13 and / or an adapter according to one of claims 1 to 12.

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