Soil milling machine, especially road cold milling machine, with visibility-optimized rear area

Abstract

Soil milling machine (1), in particular a cold road milling machine, for milling soil material (10) comprising: - a machine frame (3), - a zero side (B), - a driver's platform (36) arranged at the rear (13) of the machine with a driver's seat (2) offset from the center of the machine towards the zero side (B), wherein the driver's seat (2) is adjustable between a transport position for transport operation and a working position for operation of the soil milling machine (1), - a milling drum (7) arranged at the rear (13) of the machine, and - a milling drum housing (9) in which the milling drum (7) is rotatably mounted about a rotational axis (8), with a height-adjustable scraper blade (11) which is guided by a scraper guide (12a, 12b) and is movable between a raised maintenance position and a lowered working position, wherein the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is located behind the driver's seat in the working direction (a). (2) is arranged on the machine frame (3) and rises vertically,characterized in that the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is designed on the soil milling machine (1) such that a viewing opening (30) is provided, open transversely to the working direction (a) from the zero side (B) to a guide wall (38) of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a), through which the milling edge (43) located behind the soil milling machine (1) and on the zero side (B) in the working direction (a) and the milling bed can be seen from the driver's seat (2), wherein the viewing opening (30) is designed such that the zero-side guide wall (38) of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is arranged closer to the center of the machine frame than the zero-side end face of the milling drum.

Description

The invention relates to a soil milling machine, in particular a cold milling machine for roads, such as those frequently used in road or path construction. Such soil milling machines enable the milling and / or crushing and / or mixing of soil material. The invention relates in particular to a rear-rotor milling machine, especially a small or compact milling machine. Typical soil tillage machines consist of a machine frame, guide hulls, a control station with a driver's seat, a drive motor (usually an internal combustion engine), and often a discharge conveyor for milled material. Furthermore, such soil tillage machines include a milling drum housing, typically mounted at the rear of the machine, in which a milling drum, equipped with numerous cutting elements on its surface, is rotatably mounted around a rotational axis running horizontally and perpendicular to the direction of travel. During operation, the rotating milling drum drives the cutting elements into the soil to be tilled at an adjustable depth. Soil milling machines of this type are known, for example, from DE 20 2011 105 309 U1 , DE 10 2012 012 607.7 , DE 10 2012 018 918.4 and DE 10 2012 203 649 A1, which are hereby referenced. The milling drum of soil milling machines of this type is typically offset towards one of the two longitudinal sides of the machine frame, so that one end face is closer to one side than the other. This side of the soil milling machine, referred to as the "zero side," is the side on which, due to this offset of the milling drum, milling can be performed closer to lateral obstacles such as curbs, house walls, etc. On the zero side of the soil milling machine, it is therefore possible to mill soil material particularly close to the edge of the machine frame. Manual finishing of the milled edge can thus be avoided in most cases or is only necessary to a minimal extent. Especially when milling close to edges, it is particularly important that the operator of the soil milling machine has the best possible view of the working area in order to prevent damage to the machine and the surrounding area. To leave a clean milled bed behind the tiller in the direction of travel, tillers of this type include a height-adjustable scraper plate. This plate forms the rear wall of the milling drum housing in the direction of travel and is guided by a scraper guide, allowing it to move between a raised maintenance position and a lowered working position. The scraper plate is specifically adjustable and can either be guided directly on the bottom of the milled bed, scraping away material without leaving any material in the milled track, or it can be adjusted slightly higher to leave a desired amount of material in the milled bed. During operation, i.e., while the tiller is milling soil, the scraper plate is in its working position on or just above the surface of the milled bed.The scraper shield is essentially in the lowest position in its working position, although its exact height varies slightly depending on the desired result, the use of different milling drum types, or varying milling depths. The height adjustability of the scraper shield is also used to provide access to the interior of the milling drum housing for maintenance work. The maintenance position is the scraper shield's maximum vertical upward height relative to the working position, thus providing access to the interior of the milling drum housing. For safety reasons, the scraper shield is typically locked in the maintenance position. Adjusting the scraper shield to the maintenance position allows maintenance personnel free access to the milling drum, the cutting devices, and other components inside the milling drum housing.After the maintenance work is completed, the fixing is released and the scraper plate can be moved back into its working position, after which work can be resumed. To enable height adjustment of the scraper blade, and in particular height adjustment down to the maintenance position, soil tillers of this type include a height adjustment device, for example, with a hydraulic cylinder attached to the scraper blade, which can adjust it vertically. The hydraulic cylinder is usually positioned vertically above the scraper blade and essentially pulls it vertically upwards or moves it vertically downwards. Furthermore, a scraper blade guide is present, the primary function of which is to guide the scraper blade precisely between the working position and the maintenance position on the soil tiller. The scraper guide often comprises a lower and an upper part. The lower part is designed to guide the blade around the area of ​​the milling drum housing.The upper part of the scraper guide extends vertically upwards beyond the scraper blade and, in particular, guides the upper edge of the scraper blade during vertical movement. The upper part of the scraper guide also includes the counter bearing for the hydraulic cylinder that moves the scraper blade. On tail-mounted tillers, the upper part of the scraper guide typically forms the rear end of the tiller in the working direction and extends behind the operator's platform, beyond the platform floor and the operator's seat. It usually extends from the so-called zero side of the tiller to more than halfway along the longitudinal side of the scraper blade that runs perpendicular to the working direction. To give the operator of the rotary tiller a better view of the work area, the operator's seat is typically positioned offset towards the zero side. This means that the operator's seat is not centered on both sides of the rotary tiller, but rather offset towards one of the sides, usually the zero side. The operator's seat is adjustable between a transport position and a working position. It is in the transport position, for example, when the rotary tiller is being transported under its own power, such as to or from a work site or between two work sites. Conversely, the operator's seat is preferably in the working position when the rotary tiller is in operation, i.e., when it is breaking up soil material with a rotating milling drum.The working position is offset relative to the transport position towards the zero side of the rotary tiller. The transport position can also be offset relative to the machine's center towards the zero side, but not as pronounced as in the working position. This lateral offset allows the operator, particularly during operation, to assume a seating position that allows them to see beyond the outer edge of the rotary tiller onto the ground to check that the tilling is proceeding along the desired path. The offset position of the operator's seat also allows them to lean beyond the edge of the machine frame to further improve their view. For particularly precise tilling, it would be desirable to also be able to see the resulting tilled path or milled bed behind the rotary tiller as close as possible to the machine itself. However, with state-of-the-art soil tillers, viewing the areas behind the milling drum in the direction of travel is difficult because the upper part of the scraper guide forms the rear wall of the operator's platform from the zero side to beyond the middle of the scraper blade. This prevents the operator from seeing the area directly behind the soil tiller without leaning far over the machine frame. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a soil milling machine, in particular a cold road milling machine, in which both a safe guidance of the scraper blade in its height adjustment between the working and transport positions is ensured, and an improved view of the driver of the soil milling machine compared to the prior art, of the area lying behind the soil milling machine in the working direction, in particular of the milling track or the milling bed and the milling edges. The problem is solved using a soil milling machine, in particular a cold road milling machine, according to the independent claim. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims. The core concept of the invention lies in the fact that the upper part of the scraper guide is designed on the rotary tiller in such a way that a viewing opening, open transversely to the working direction from the zero side to a side wall of the upper part of the scraper guide, is provided. This opening allows the operator to see the milling edge located behind the rotary tiller and on the zero side in the working direction from the operator's seat. The side wall forms the outer boundary of the upper part of the scraper guide on the zero side. The upper part of the scraper guide typically also includes a second side wall opposite this first side wall, facing the side of the rotary tiller opposite the zero side.Essentially, the invention provides a clear space or viewing opening behind the driver's seat in the direction of travel, extending from the driver's seat to the rear of the rotary tiller in the direction of travel. This opening allows the driver to see the working area behind the rotary tiller from their seated position. This area includes both unworked and already worked areas adjacent to the tilling track, as well as the tilling bed or track itself and its edges. In particular, the invention allows the driver to see the tilling track more easily and, more importantly, from a shorter distance, i.e., closer to the rear of the rotary tiller, than is possible with conventional rotary tillers.This improved visibility is achieved by positioning the upper part of the scraper guide at a distance from the zero side of the rotary tiller, via the viewing opening. Overall, the upper scraper guide is thus positioned at a distance from the zero side, perpendicular to the working direction, ensuring an unobstructed view for the operator of the working area behind the rotary tiller within this distance range. The driver's seat of the soil milling machine according to the invention can be adjusted between a transport position and a working position. To ensure an objective description or definition of these two positions, the seat index point of the driver's seat, as defined by the standard according to the invention, can be used. The seat index point is a standard defined in EN ISO 5353. EN ISO 5353 is hereby incorporated by reference. The seat index point is determined within the scope of this disclosure using the measuring device described in that standard. Approximately, the seat index point of the driver's seat lies at the intersection of a theoretical axis of the upper body of a person sitting in the driver's seat with the theoretical axis of the thigh on the vertical plane passing through the center line of the seat. Further details regarding the seat index point can be found in the aforementioned standard.In other words, the seat index point represents a standard point for detecting a person seated in a seat. Crucially for the invention, the driver's seat has its own defined seat index point in both the transport and working positions. Furthermore, the adjustability of the driver's seat is designed such that its seat index point in the working position (as well as the driver's seat itself) is offset relative to the seat index point of the driver's seat in the transport position towards the zero side, and potentially even beyond the zero side. This allows the driver, while seated in the working position, to assume a relative position offset towards the zero side compared to the transport position, thereby improving, in particular, their view of the zero side of the rotary tiller. The improved visibility according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the width of the viewing opening is at least large enough that the seating index point of the driver's seat, in the working position and / or in the transport position, lies within the viewing opening in the working direction of the rotary tiller. The viewing opening extends horizontally and transversely to the working direction, preferably from the zero side of the rotary tiller towards the center of the machine, such that a horizontal line parallel to the working direction, passing through the seating index point, runs through the viewing opening. In other words, the zero-side side wall of the upper part of the scraper guide is spaced from the zero side of the rotary tiller at least up to a plane that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tilling drum and that intersects the seating index point of the driver's seat in the working position or even in the transport position. The spacing of the side wall, or the width of the viewing opening, should be at least 10%, preferably at least 25%, and particularly preferably at least 40% of the milling drum housing width. The width of the viewing opening extends horizontally, transverse to the working direction or parallel to the axis of rotation of the milling drum, from the zero side to the zero-side guide wall of the upper part of the scraper guide. Generally, it is advantageous to provide the widest possible viewing opening. The dimensions of the viewing opening are limited only by the necessity of the upper part of the scraper guide and its functionality. The larger the viewing opening, the better the operator can see the areas behind the rotary tiller from the operator's seat.The milling box width of the milling drum box is therefore a suitable reference dimension because it remains constant regardless of the milling drum used, which can have different dimensions. The upper part of the scraper guide is also arranged along the width of the milling box. The narrower the area it occupies, the larger the viewing opening can be. Generally, the upper part of the scraper guide must be wide enough to ensure secure height adjustment and support of the sometimes very heavy scraper blade, while simultaneously guiding its movement. Height adjustment is achieved by a height adjustment device, such as a hydraulic cylinder. As long as secure guidance and height adjustment of the scraper blade can be guaranteed, a narrow design for the upper part of the scraper guide is advantageous. Accordingly, it is preferred that the width of the scraper guide be at most 50%, preferably at most 30%, and particularly preferably at most 10% of the milling box width.With respect to the entire width of the rotary tiller, it is advantageous if the width of the upper part of the scraper guide is at most 30%, preferably at most 20%, and particularly preferably at most 10% of the machine width. Widths of the viewing opening or the upper part of the scraper guide based on these values ​​ensure a particularly good view for the operator from the operator's seat of the areas behind the rotary tiller in the direction of work. In the horizontal direction, perpendicular to the working direction, the viewing opening is essentially limited only by the upper part of the scraper guide, particularly its zero-side guide wall, while it is essentially open towards the zero side and preferably extends to the zero side. In the vertical direction, the viewing opening is ideally open upwards. The lower vertical limit of the viewing opening is preferably at the level of or below the operator's platform floor. The operator's platform floor is the area of ​​the operator's platform that can be accessed by persons and on which the driver's seat is located. If the viewing opening extends vertically below this operator's platform floor, the driver can particularly advantageously see from the driver's seat at the rear edge of the operator's platform in the working direction.The operator can see past the platform floor to the areas that lie essentially directly behind or very close to the soil milling machine. In this embodiment, the machine frame of the soil milling machine slopes down vertically behind the operator's platform in the area of ​​the viewing opening. To further improve visibility, the rear edge of the platform floor in the direction of work can also be beveled in the opposite direction of work, or downwards, to ensure the largest possible viewing area. The position of the operator's seat on the rotary tiller is of central importance for the operator's field of vision. In principle, the operator's seat can be freely adjustable on the operator's platform, extending beyond the working and transport positions. However, for practical use, it is particularly advantageous if the operator's seat is adjustable only within a specific range, especially between two fixed positions. These two identical and precisely defined positions are the transport position and the working position. It is especially beneficial if the operator's seat is adjustable within a swivel range whose end stops correspond to the transport and working positions. Ideally, the operator's seat can only be locked at these respective end stops.This has the advantage that the driver can adjust the driver's seat safely and reliably between these two positions, which is particularly beneficial during frequent adjustments. The driver's seat can be adjusted, for example, around a substantially vertical axis of rotation along a circular segment in a horizontal direction, preferably at an angle of 45°, starting from the transport position of the driver's seat and moving towards the zero side. Ideally, the seat index point of the driver's seat is located within the field of vision and vertically above the machine frame in both positions. However, it is also conceivable to shift the driver's seat, and thus the seat index point, so far beyond the edge of the machine frame that it is no longer within the field of vision or vertically above the machine frame, but rather projects laterally beyond the machine edge. To prevent a person in the operator's cab of the rotary tiller from falling through the rear viewing opening, especially if this opening extends to the floor of the cab, a safety railing is preferably provided. This railing runs at least along the width of the viewing opening and is positioned behind the operator's seat in the direction of travel. The safety railing extends essentially transversely to the direction of travel, i.e., parallel to the axis of rotation of the tilling drum. In other words, this safety railing closes the gap located behind the operator's cab, and especially behind the operator's seat, in the direction of travel between the zero side of the rotary tiller and the upper part of the scraper guide.This enclosure by a safety railing is purely a safety measure for the operator of the rotary tiller and, while providing sufficient strength for safety purposes, does not restrict the improved view, as described in the invention, of the area behind the rotary tiller in the direction of work. The safety railing is therefore not designed to be a solid surface, but rather as finely segmented as possible. Preferably, a locking hook is provided to secure the scraper plate in its maintenance position against unintentional lowering. This hook prevents the sometimes very heavy scraper plate from moving out of its maintenance position inside the milling drum housing during maintenance work, thus preventing a risk to maintenance personnel. Preferably, the locking hook for the scraper plate is adjustably mounted on the outer wall of the side wall of the upper part of the scraper guide facing away from the zero side. Mounting the locking hook outside the longitudinally extending upper part of the scraper guide, which projects transversely to the working direction, allows for optimal positioning of the locking hook without obstructing the view within the sight opening. To ensure the operator of the rotary tiller is informed of the current height position of the scraper blade at all times during operation, it is advantageous to have an adjustment indicator. Ideally, the components of this indicator should be located on the outer wall of the upper part of the scraper guide and the scraper blade itself, facing the zero point, and should display the adjustment height of the scraper blade. During height adjustment of the scraper blade, the blade itself and the scraper guide are two parts that move relative to each other. Therefore, it is advantageous to have, for example, a pointer on one of these parts and a measuring bar on the other. The relative movement of the scraper blade to the scraper guide also results in a relative movement of the measuring bar to the pointer, and vice versa.By applying a corresponding scale of values ​​to the measuring bar, the driver can read the corresponding value for the current height adjustment of the scraper plate on the adjustment indicator at any time from the driver's seat. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiment shown in the figures. The figures schematically show: Fig. 1 a side view of a soil tiller of this type; Fig. 2 a top view of a soil tiller of this type; Fig. 3 a view according to Fig. 2 with the rear carriage swung into position; Fig. 4 a view of the rear of a soil tiller from a slightly elevated position to the side behind the machine; Fig. 5 a view of the rear of a soil tiller in the working direction; and Fig. 6 a top view of the operator's station of a soil tiller in the area of ​​the operator's seat. Identical and at least functionally equivalent components are indicated in the figures with the same reference numerals, whereby components that are repeated in the figures are not always separately designated in each figure. Fig. 1 shows a soil milling machine 1 of the generic type, in particular a cold road milling machine of the tail rotor type. This comprises a machine frame 3, a drive motor 4, which is usually an internal combustion engine, for example a diesel engine, and transport units 6, which can include either wheels or tracks. The soil milling machine 1 also includes a milling drum housing 9 in which a milling drum 7 is rotatably mounted about a rotational axis 8. The milling drum 7 is mounted at the rear of the machine frame at the rear of the machine 13. During operation of the soil milling machine 1, soil material 10 is milled in the working direction a of the soil milling machine 1 by the rotational movement of the milling drum 7 and, if necessary, transferred via a discharge conveyor 5 to a transport vehicle (not shown). The rear wall of the milling drum housing 9 in the working direction a is essentially formed by a scraper plate 11. Above and in the vertical direction above the milling drum 7, respectively,The milling drum housing 9 contains a driver's platform 36 with a driver's seat 2. In the working direction a behind the driver's seat 2 is the upper part 12a of a scraper guide 12, which will be discussed in more detail below. Figures 2 and 3 show the soil milling machine 1 from a top-down perspective and illustrate the position of the operator's platform 36 above the milling drum 7 and the milling drum housing 9, respectively. Furthermore, the offset positioning of the milling drum 7 from the center of the machine towards the so-called zero side B is shown. The operator platform 6, located at the rear right of the soil milling machine 1 in the working direction a, is shown in Figure 2 in the swung-out position it occupies during normal operation of the soil milling machine 1. For milling operations where the milling edge needs to be particularly close to a wall, an edge, or other obstacle, the operator platform 6, located at the rear right of the soil milling machine 1 in the working direction a, can be swung into a retracted position, as shown in Figure 3. In this position, it does not protrude laterally beyond the zero-side outer edge of the soil milling machine 1.This makes it possible to mill almost flush with the edge of the machine frame 3 against an obstacle located on the zero side B of the soil milling machine 1. This is not possible on the opposite side A of the soil milling machine 1. The zero side B of the soil milling machine 1 is therefore, generally speaking, the side where milling can be performed closer to the edge of the machine frame 3 or to an obstacle. This is made possible by a laterally offset, eccentric mounting of the milling drum 7. Ideally, as shown in the figures, the milling drum is positioned offset from the center of the machine such that one end face of the milling drum is essentially flush with the side wall of the machine frame on the zero side. Additionally, Figures 2 and 3 also show that the operator's seat 2 is offset horizontally and transversely to the working direction relative to the machine center M and the zero side B.The driver's seat 2 is therefore located closer to the zero side B than to the opposite side A of the soil milling machine 1. The machine center M is indicated in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as a dashed center line running in the working direction. The construction of the scraper shield 11 and the scraper guide 12, with the upper scraper guide 12a and the lower scraper guide 12b, is illustrated in Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the rear of the machine 13 from a slightly offset and elevated position relative to the zero side B. Figure 5 is a rear view of the rear of the machine 13 of the rotary tiller 1 in the working direction a. The scraper shield 11 closes the milling drum housing 9 in the working direction a behind the milling drum 7 and extends essentially over the entire width 35 of the milling drum housing 9, which lies between the two end faces 33, 33' of the milling drum housing 9. The task of the scraper shield 11 is either to ensure that no milled material remains in the milling bed 31 or to leave a desired amount of milled material in the milling bed 31.If no milled material is to be left behind, the scraper plate 11 is adjusted so deep into the milling bed 31 that an abrasive strip 16 arranged on the scraper plate 11 scrapes across the surface of the milling bed 31. If a certain amount of milled material is to remain in the milling bed 31, the scraper plate 11, together with the abrasive strip 16, is moved to a corresponding distance from the surface of the milling bed 31. To achieve these and other height adjustments of the scraper plate 11, a height adjustment device 20 is provided, which can, for example, be a hydraulic cylinder. With the aid of this device, the scraper plate 11 can be adjusted in height and, in particular, moved vertically both during operation to adjust the amount of milled material to be left in the milling bed 31, and into the essentially maximum vertically offset maintenance position. In Figures 4 and 5, the scraper plate 11 is shown in the lowered working position. The hydraulic cylinder 20 is mounted at its cylinder end on the upper part of the wiper guide 12a and is pivoted at its lower piston-side end on the wiper shield 11, essentially centrally with respect to the width of the wiper shield 11 in the direction of the axis of rotation. The wiper shield 11 is guided in its height adjustment by both the upper part of the wiper guide 12a and the lower part of the wiper guide 12b. The lower part of the wiper guide 12b is arranged on both sides of the wiper shield 11, transverse to the working direction a, and is essentially designed as a lateral guide grip along which the wiper shield 11 slides in the vertical direction during its height adjustment.In contrast, the upper part of the scraper guide 12a is considerably narrower and has a width 34, which is smaller than the machine width 49 of the soil milling machine 1 and also smaller than the width 35 of the milling drum housing 9. The upper part 12a of the scraper guide 12 also projects vertically upwards from the machine frame. The upper part of the scraper guide 12a essentially comprises a frame 19 that extends over its entire width 34 and is bounded towards the machine sides A, B by the side walls 38' and 38'. Vertically upwards, the upper part of the scraper guide 12a is bounded by the cover 29 and projects beyond the floor 40, 40' of the operator's platform 36 and also beyond the seat surface 37 of the operator's seat 2. The guidance of the wiper shield 11 on the upper part of the wiper guide 12a is achieved by a guide element 32, which is arranged on the wiper shield 11 via a guide projection 17 and engages with an elongated hole 18 in the guide frame 19 of the upper part of the wiper guide 12a. When the height of the wiper shield 11 is adjusted, the guide element 32 is guided in the elongated hole 18 such that the wiper shield 11 can only perform a straight, essentially vertical upward or downward movement along the upper part of the wiper guide 12a. The direction of movement of the wiper shield 11 follows the vertical extent of the upper part of the wiper guide 12a. Furthermore, a locking hook 39 is located on the upper part of the wiper guide 12a, which can be engaged with an eyelet 41 on the wiper plate 11 when the wiper plate 11 is in the maintenance position and thus essentially adjusted to its maximum vertical height. The locking hook 39 is not located within the width 34 of the upper part of the wiper guide 12a, but rather on the outer side of the side wall 19 opposite the zero side. Specifically for this purpose, the locking hook 39 is mounted in the vertically upper third of the upper part of the wiper guide 12a. On the side of the upper part of the scraper guide 12a facing the zero side B, there is an adjustment indicator 42 comprising a measuring bar 44 and a pointer 45. In the example shown, the measuring bar 44 is located on the scraper plate 11 and the pointer 45 on the upper part of the scraper guide 12a, specifically on the guide wall 38. When the height of the scraper plate 11 is adjusted, the measuring bar 44 moves relative to the pointer 45, allowing the operator of the rotary tiller 1 to read the corresponding height adjustment value from a scale on the measuring bar 44 from the operator's seat 2. Of course, it is also possible to position the pointer 45 on the scraper plate 11 and the measuring bar 44 on the upper part of the scraper guide 12a. The operator's platform 36, shown in a top-down perspective in Fig. 6, comprises a higher platform 40 accessible to the operator and a lower platform 40'. The two platforms 40 and 40' are connected by a step. Upon boarding the tiller 1, the operator first reaches platform 40' and then ascends the step to the lower platform 40, where the operator's seat 2 is located. The operator's seat 2 includes an armrest 25 with an elbow support 24 and often a control lever / joystick used to control the tiller 1. Also accessible from the operator's seat 2 is a control console 14, from which further control of the tiller 1 is carried out.The operator platform floor 40 slopes vertically downwards towards the ground 50 (soil or road surface) on the rear side of the operator platform 36 (in the working direction a) and is covered by a sheet 46. This sheet 46, which does not extend above the operator platform floor 40, forms, together with the operator platform floor 40, the rear edge of the operator platform 36 (in the working direction a). The operator platform 36 is located essentially above the milling drum housing 9. In Figures 4, 5, and 6, the viewing opening 30 according to the invention is shown as a dotted line. The viewing opening 30 is located on the side of the upper part of the scraper guide 12a facing the zero side B and extends horizontally and transversely to the working direction from the side wall 38 of the upper part of the scraper guide 12a to the zero side B of the soil milling machine 1, being open on the zero side B and free of any boundaries. In the vertical direction, the viewing opening extends from below the floor of the operator's platform up to the upper end of the upper scraper guide. In the horizontal direction transverse to the working direction a or parallel to the rotation axis 8 of the milling drum 7, the sight opening 30 is therefore essentially limited by the upper part of the scraper guide 12a, specifically the guide wall 38, while towards the zero side B it has no limitation or is open from the upper part of the scraper guide 12a.In the vertical direction, the viewing opening 30 has no upper limit or is open at the top. In the vertical direction downwards, the viewing opening 30 extends both below the higher operator's platform floor 40 and below the lower operator's platform floor 40'. Essentially, the viewing opening 30 is only limited in the downward vertical direction by the milling drum housing 9. This limit of the viewing opening 30 lies approximately in the area of ​​the edge of the scraper blade 11 in the working position, which is furthest from the floor 50 and essentially represents the vertically upward-facing end of the scraper blade 11. The length of the viewing opening 30 in the working direction a corresponds essentially to the length of the upper part of the scraper guide 12a in the working direction a and the distance between the sheet metal 46 and the scraper blade 11 in the maintenance position and in the working direction a.The width 15 of the viewing opening 30 transverse to the working direction a or parallel to the axis of rotation 8 of the milling drum 7 is smaller than the milling box width 35 of the milling drum housing 9. The viewing opening 30 thus creates a free area that is open vertically upwards and horizontally transversely to the working direction a towards the zero side B of the soil milling machine 1, and is bounded downwards by the upper end of the milling drum housing 9 and on the side A of the soil milling machine 1 by the upper part of the scraper guide 12a. In the working direction a, in front of the viewing opening 30 on the operator's platform 36, is the operator's seat 2. This seat is adjustable between a working position (shown in Figs. 4 and 5) and a transport position (shown in Fig. 6). Specifically, the operator's seat 2 can be pivoted, for example, by a circular segment at an angle of 45° horizontally towards the zero side B. In the transport position, the operator's seat 2 is essentially parallel to the working direction a. The operator of the rotary tiller 1 thus has a particularly good view of the areas in front of the rotary tiller 1 in the working direction a and can therefore move the rotary tiller 1 safely and quickly to its place of operation. In contrast, the working position is pivoted relative to the transport position towards the zero side B and at an angle of 45° towards the center of the machine.In the working position, the operator of the rotary tiller 1 can see not only the area in the working direction a in front of the rotary tiller 1 during operation, but also, with relatively little effort, the areas behind the rotary tiller 1 in the working direction a by turning their upper body and head against the working direction a. The working position and the transport position of the operator's seat 2 each represent an end stop of the adjustment range. The operator's seat 2 has a seat index point 21, 21' in both positions. The seat index point 21, 21' is located approximately on the longitudinal center plane of the operator's seat 2, just above the seat surface 37. In the working direction a, directly behind the driver's seat 2, the viewing opening 30 adjoins the end of the operator's platform floor 40. As can be seen in Fig. 5, the vertical plane 22' running parallel to the working direction a, which intersects the seat index point 21' of the driver's seat 2 in the working position, lies partially within the viewing opening 30. Likewise, the vertical plane 22, which also runs parallel to the working direction a and intersects the seat index point 21 of the driver's seat 2 in the transport position, lies partially within the viewing opening 30. This arrangement of the driver's seat 2 allows the operator of the rotary tiller 1 to easily view the areas in the working direction a behind the rotary tiller 1 through the viewing opening 30 simply by turning their upper body or head.To prevent the operator of the soil tiller 1 from falling backwards in the working direction a from the operator's platform 36 of the soil tiller 1 through the viewing opening 30, a safety railing 23 is arranged on the sheet metal 46, essentially across the entire width 15 of the viewing opening 30. The safety railing 23 rises vertically above the platform floor 40 and thus secures the operator's platform 36 of the soil tiller 1. At the same time, the safety railing 23 is designed in such a way that it does not obstruct the operator's view through the viewing opening 30 to the areas behind the soil tiller 1 in the working direction a. These optimized viewing areas obtained with the inventive design of the upper scraper guide 12a are shown in particular in Fig. 6. The viewing areas and viewing limits described below all refer to the view of the operator of the rotary tiller 1 from the operator's seat 2, who is in a working position. In other words, the designations all refer to viewing areas and viewing limits from a seated position of the operator with the seat index point at the location designated 21'. From this position, the operator can easily see area 26, i.e., essentially without obstruction, by simply turning his upper body or head. This area 26 contains parts of the unworked soil 50, but also areas relevant for the course of the work operation and in particular for the control of the rotary tiller 1, such as the milling track or...The milling bed 31, the milling edge 43 located on the zero side B of the soil tiller 1, and the milling edge 43' opposite it are shown. The milling edge 43 located on the zero side B is particularly advantageously visible from the operator's seat 2 through the viewing opening 30, in close proximity to the rear 13 of the soil tiller 1. This allows the operator of the soil tiller 1 to assess particularly well whether the tilling work is proceeding along a desired line or whether the course of the soil tiller 1 needs to be corrected. By leaning slightly out of the operator's seat 2 towards the zero side B of the soil tiller 1, the operator can also see the area designated 27, which is thus considered to have limited visibility. However, area 28 remains poorly visible or not visible at all, even when the operator leans out.Should the operator of the rotary tiller 1 nevertheless wish to view area 28, he can lean out of the operator's seat 2 towards the side of the machine A and look in this direction past the upper part of the scraper guide 12a towards area 28. This is made possible in particular by the fact that the locking hook 39 is mounted outside the upper part of the scraper guide 12a in the vertically upper third of the upper part of the scraper guide 12a on the guide wall 38' and thus does not obstruct the view. For comparison, the visibility limits of soil tillers from the prior art are also indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 6. Due to the lack of a visual opening in the prior art, the operator, from the operator's seat in the working position, can only see clearly up to the visibility limit 47 and only to a limited extent up to the visibility limit 48. The entire remaining area is not visible on a soil tiller according to the prior art.

Claims

Soil milling machine (1), in particular a cold road milling machine, for milling soil material (10) comprising: - a machine frame (3), - a zero side (B), - a driver's platform (36) arranged at the rear (13) of the machine with a driver's seat (2) offset from the center of the machine towards the zero side (B), wherein the driver's seat (2) is adjustable between a transport position for transport operation and a working position for operation of the soil milling machine (1), - a milling drum (7) arranged at the rear (13) of the machine, and - a milling drum housing (9) in which the milling drum (7) is rotatably mounted about a rotational axis (8), with a height-adjustable scraper blade (11) which is guided by a scraper guide (12a, 12b) and is movable between a raised maintenance position and a lowered working position, wherein the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is located behind the driver's seat in the working direction (a). (2) is arranged on the machine frame (3) and rises vertically,characterized in that the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is designed on the soil milling machine (1) such that a viewing opening (30) is provided, open transversely to the working direction (a) from the zero side (B) to a guide wall (38) of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a), through which the milling edge (43) located behind the soil milling machine (1) and on the zero side (B) in the working direction (a) and the milling bed can be seen from the driver's seat (2), wherein the viewing opening (30) is designed such that the zero-side guide wall (38) of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is arranged closer to the center of the machine frame than the zero-side end face of the milling drum. Soil milling machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the width (15) of the viewing opening (30) is at least so large that a seat index point (21') of the driver's seat (2) in working position in the working direction (a) of the soil milling machine (1) lies within the viewing opening (30). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width (15) of the viewing opening (30) is at least so large that a seat index point (21) of the driver's seat (2) in transport position in working direction (a) of the soil milling machine (1) lies within the viewing opening (30). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width (15) of the viewing opening (30) is at least 10%, preferably at least 25% and particularly preferably at least 40% of the milling box width (35) of the milling drum box (9). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical lower limit of the viewing opening (30) is at the level of or below the operator's platform floor (40) of the operator's platform (36). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width (34) of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is at most 50%, preferably at most 30% and particularly preferably at most 10% of the milling box width (35) of the milling drum box (9). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width (34) of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) is at most 30%, preferably at most 20% and particularly preferably at most 10% of the machine width (49) of the soil milling machine (1). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver's seat (2) is adjustable within a swivel range, the end stops of which correspond to the transport position and the working position. Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a safety railing (23) is provided which is arranged along the width (15) of the sight opening (30) in the working direction (a) behind the driver's seat (2). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a safety hook (39) for the scraper shield (11) is provided, which is adjustably mounted on the outer wall of the guide wall (38') of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) facing away from the zero side (B). Soil milling machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an adjustment indicator (42) is provided, the components of which are arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the scraper guide (12a) and the scraper shield (11) facing the zero side (B) and which indicates the adjustment height of the scraper shield (11).

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