Internal combustion engine system and method and control device for operating the same
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DORING ANDREAS
- Filing Date
- 2014-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing internal combustion engine systems face issues with exhaust gas backflow through closed shut-off devices, leading to corrosion due to sulfuric acid precipitation, which current methods fail to detect reliably.
Implementing sensors to determine gas composition and temperature downstream and upstream of closed shut-off devices to detect exhaust gas return flow, triggering countermeasures when leakage is detected.
Effectively prevents corrosion by reliably identifying shut-off device leaks and initiating measures to reduce exhaust gas backflow, ensuring safe operation.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine system according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a control device for carrying out the method and an internal combustion engine system with such a control device.
[0002] On ships, for example, internal combustion engine systems are used that have several internal combustion engines and a common exhaust gas aftertreatment system. In such internal combustion engine systems, fuel can be burned simultaneously in several internal combustion engines to form exhaust gas, the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine then being routed through the common exhaust gas aftertreatment system for exhaust gas aftertreatment.
[0003] In particular when such an internal combustion engine system is operated under partial load, it is already known from practice to shut down at least one internal combustion engine and only to operate at least one other internal combustion engine. In order to prevent exhaust gas from the running internal combustion engine from flowing back into the area of the stationary internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine of such an internal combustion engine system is at a standstill, it is already known from practice to assign a shut-off device to at least those internal combustion engines of the internal combustion engine system that can be shut down, with the help of which exhaust gas recirculation in the direction of a stationary internal combustion engine can be avoided. For this purpose, the respective shut-off device is then closed.
[0004] In particular due to wear of such shut-off devices, a state can arise during operation of such an internal combustion engine system in which, when an internal combustion engine is at a standstill and the shut-off device assigned to this internal combustion engine is closed, an exhaust gas return flow via the closed shut-off device nevertheless occurs. In this case, exhaust gas then reaches the area of the idle internal combustion engine, which can lead to corrosion problems, in particular due to the precipitation of sulfuric acid on assemblies of the idle internal combustion engine. Up to now, no measures have been known with the help of which an exhaust gas backflow can be detected safely and reliably via a closed shut-off device assigned to a stationary internal combustion engine.
[0005] Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to create a novel method for operating an internal combustion engine system, a control device for carrying out the method and an internal combustion engine system with such a control device.
[0006] This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
[0007] According to the invention, at least one sensor is used to determine a gas composition and / or a gas temperature downstream of at least one stationary internal combustion engine and upstream of the closed shut-off device assigned to the respective stationary internal combustion engine, with a check being based on this whether an exhaust gas return flow in the direction of the respective stationary internal combustion engine despite the closed shut-off device is present.
[0008] The present invention proposes for the first time a method for operating an internal combustion engine system, with the help of which it can be safely and reliably detected whether a closed shut-off device assigned to a stationary internal combustion engine is leaking and therefore exhaust gas is flowing back in the direction of the respective stationary internal combustion engine. This makes it possible to initiate countermeasures when exhaust gas backflow is detected, in order to avoid corrosion problems on the idle internal combustion engine.
[0009] Preferably, when there is a backflow of exhaust gas in the direction of an internal combustion engine with the shut-off device assigned to the respective internal combustion engine closed, a leak in the respective shut-off device is inferred and a measure, in particular an error message and / or measure for reducing the exhaust gas backflow, is triggered on the control side. This can reduce the risk of corrosion on a stationary internal combustion engine.
[0010] According to an advantageous development, an exhaust gas return flow in the direction of an internal combustion engine when the shut-off device assigned to the respective internal combustion engine is closed is then inferred if an amount of a parameter detected with the help of the sensor positioned between the respective stationary internal combustion engine and the respective closed shut-off device is at least X%, in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 25%, particularly preferably at least 10%, of an amount of a parameter detected using a preferably identical sensor positioned downstream of the closed shut-off device or downstream of another running internal combustion engine. This enables a particularly advantageous detection of an exhaust gas return flow via a closed shut-off device in the direction of a stationary internal combustion engine.
[0011] The controller is defined in claim 7 and the internal combustion engine system is defined in claim 8.
[0012] Preferred developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without being limited thereto. It shows:
[0013] figure 1: a schematic of a first internal combustion engine system;
[0014] figure 2: a schematic of a second internal combustion engine system;
[0015] figure 3: a schematic of a third internal combustion engine system; and
[0016] figure 4: a signal flow diagram of the method for operating an internal combustion engine system.
[0017] The present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine system, a control device for carrying out the method and an internal combustion engine system.
[0018] figure 1 shows a schematic of a first internal combustion engine system according to the invention 10 with two internal combustion engines 11 , 12 . At the in figure 1 and figure 2 internal combustion engines shown 11 and 12 are internal combustion engines, preferably marine diesel engines. It should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to internal combustion engine systems that use internal combustion engines. Rather, the invention can also be used in those internal combustion engine systems whose internal combustion engines are designed as flow machines, such as gas turbines or the like.
[0019] In the internal combustion engines 11 , 12 of the internal combustion engine system 10 fuel can be burned to form exhaust gas, the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines 11 , 12 via a common exhaust aftertreatment system 13 can be led to the exhaust aftertreatment of the exhaust gas.
[0020] In the embodiment of figure 1 is the internal combustion engine 11 a shut-off device 14 associated with the downstream of the internal combustion engine 11 is positioned to when the internal combustion engine is running 12 the internal combustion engine 11 is shut down, the internal combustion engine 11 decouple from the exhaust gas flow and so a reverse flow of the exhaust gas of the running internal combustion engine 12 in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 to prevent. With this barrier 14it is typically a butterfly valve or the like. Furthermore shows figure 1 a controller 15 , via the meaning of the dashed arrows of figure 1 the operation of internal combustion engines 11 , 12 can be controlled and / or regulated, and via which the shut-off device continues 14 can be closed and opened, namely depending on whether the internal combustion engine 11 standing still or running. About the controller 15 is therefore when the internal combustion engine 11 stands still and the internal combustion engine 12 running, that of the internal combustion engine 11 associated shut-off device 14 automatically closed.
[0021] According to figure 1 is downstream of the internal combustion engine 11 , which in the embodiment of figure 1 with the internal combustion engine running 12 can be shut down, and upstream of this shut-down internal combustion engine 11 assigned shut-off device 14 a sensor 16 arranged, with the help of which a gas composition and / or a gas temperature downstream of the idle internal combustion engine 11 and upstream of the closed shut-off device 14 can be determined.
[0022] Depending on this, it is checked whether the internal combustion engine is running 12 , with the combustion engine stopped 11 and with the shut-off device closed 14 an exhaust gas recirculation in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 despite the shut-off device being closed 14 present. This check is carried out by the control device 15 done automatically.
[0023] Then, when an exhaust gas recirculation in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 with the internal combustion engine closed and at a standstill 11 associated shut-off device 14 is present or detected, the control system indicates a leak in the shut-off device 14 closed and a measure triggered on the control side. This is, for example, an error message or a message about maintenance or replacement of the shut-off device 14 to leave. Alternatively or additionally, a measure can be triggered on the control side in order to reduce or avoid the backflow of exhaust gas in the direction of the idle internal combustion engine. For example, it is possible to use the previously shut down internal combustion engine 11 to put into operation and / or the performance of the running internal combustion engine 12 to reduce.
[0024] As already explained above, with the help of the sensor 16 the gas composition and / or the gas temperature downstream of the idle internal combustion engine 11 and upstream of the closed shut-off device 14 checked, based on the gas composition and / or the gas temperature, for an exhaust gas backflow via the closed shut-off device 14 in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 close. Then if any using the sensor 16 detected parameter is greater than a defined limit value, a return flow of exhaust gas via the closed shut-off device 14 in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 closed. This limit value can, for example, be set in the control device 15 be firmly deposited.
[0025] figure 2 shows a development of the internal combustion engine system 10 the figure 1, which is upstream of the exhaust aftertreatment system 13 and downstream of the shut-off device 14 another sensor 17 is positioned, with the help of which a gas composition and / or a gas temperature upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 13 can be detected. At the sensor 17 it is preferably a sensor of the same construction as the sensor 16 , so with the sensors 16 and 17 thefigure 2 identical parameters, for example parameters relating to the gas composition and / or the gas temperature, are recorded.
[0026] In the embodiment of figure 2 is provided that on the basis of the sensor 17 detected characteristic, a limit value is determined dynamically, on the basis of which the control side then recognizes whether the shut-off device is closed 14 with the combustion engine stopped 11 exhaust gas recirculation takes place. So in the embodiment figure 2 preferably with the internal combustion engine running 12 , with the combustion engine stopped 11 and with the shut-off device closed 14 to an exhaust gas recirculation via the closed shut-off device 14 in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 detected when an amount by the sensor 16 detected parameter X%, in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 25%, particularly preferably at least 10%, of the amount with the help of the sensor 14 recorded, same parameter. In other words, this means that in figure 2 then with the internal combustion engine at a standstill 11 and with the shut-off device closed 14 to an exhaust gas recirculation via the closed shut-off device 14 in the direction of the stationary internal combustion engine 11 is recognized when a relationship between the characteristic with that of the closed shut-off device 14 upstream sensor 16 is recorded, and the parameter, which corresponds to that of the closed shut-off device 14 downstream sensor 17 is detected is greater than a limit value, i.e. greater than X%. This limit value can be load-dependent, for example, that is to say dependent on the load with which the internal combustion engine system is operated.
[0027] In the embodiment of figure 1 and figure 2 is only one of the internal combustion engines shown 11 , 12 a shut-off device 14 assigned. In contrast, shows figure 1 a development of the internal combustion engine system 10 the figure 1, in which also the internal combustion engine 12 a shut-off device 18 and upstream of this shut-off device 18 and downstream of the internal combustion engine 12 a sensor 19 assigned for determining a gas composition and / or a gas temperature. The variant of figure 3 is preferred when both internal combustion engines alternately 11 , 12 of the internal combustion engine system 10 can be shut down when the other internal combustion engine is running. figure 1 and figure 2 are preferred when one internal combustion engine is running permanently and the other internal combustion engine is switched on as required. In the variant of figure 3 can therefore each of the internal combustion engines 11 , 12 while the other internal combustion engine is running 12 , 11 shut down and that of the respective idle internal combustion engine 11 respectively. 12 associated shut-off device 14 respectively. 18 be closed, in which case the tightness of the closed shut-off device 14 respectively. 18 with the help of the respective sensor 16 respectively. 19 can be checked. The other sensor, preferably of the same type, assigned to the other running internal combustion engine 19 respectively. 16 is then used to determine a limit value, when it is exceeded or reached in the signal from the sensor assigned to the stationary internal combustion engine, a leak in the shut-off device assigned to this internal combustion engine is indicated 14 respectively. 18 is closed.
[0028] As already stated, it is the sensors 16 , 17 , 19 to sensors for determining a gas composition and / or a gas temperature. Lambda sensors and / or NOx sensors and / or HC sensors and / or NH 3-Sensors and / or CO sensors or and / or CO 2 sensors or temperature sensors or exhaust particle sensors and / or other sensors are used.
[0029] figure 4 shows a signal flow diagram of the method according to the invention for operating an internal combustion engine system according to the invention, the block 20 the figure 4 visualizes the start of the method according to the invention.
[0030] In a block 21 it is checked whether one of the internal combustion engines of an internal combustion engine system, to which a common exhaust gas after-treatment system is assigned, is at a standstill and whether another internal combustion engine that uses the same exhaust after-treatment system is running. If this is not the case, it is referred to as a loop on block 21 branches back. If, on the other hand, this is the case, i.e. at least one of the internal combustion engines of the internal combustion engine system, to which a common exhaust gas aftertreatment system is assigned, is at a standstill while another internal combustion engine of the internal combustion engine system is running, starting from block 21 on block 22 branched.
[0031] In blocks 22 the signal of that sensor is evaluated which is assigned to the idle internal combustion engine of the internal combustion engine system. In a subsequent block 23 it is checked whether the signal or the parameter of the sensor, which is assigned to the idle internal combustion engine of the internal combustion engine system, exceeds a limit value.
[0032] If this is not the case, starting from the block 23 in terms of a loop on block 23 branches back. If, on the other hand, the limit value is reached or exceeded, starting from block 23 on block 24 branches and initiates a measure on the control side, for example an error message.
[0033] This is followed by a block 25 the inventive method ended.
[0034] According to the invention, therefore, using at least one sensor 16 respectively. 19 a gas composition and / or a gas temperature downstream of at least one stationary internal combustion engine and upstream of the closed shut-off device associated with the respective stationary internal combustion engine 14 respectively. 18 determined, depending on the signal of this sensor in the control device 15 it is checked whether there is a return flow of exhaust gas in the direction of the respective stationary internal combustion engine despite the shut-off device being closed.
[0035] This procedure is automated by the controller 15 carried out, which accordingly has means for carrying out the method according to the invention. With these means of the control device 15 are data interfaces that enable the exchange of data with the assemblies involved in carrying out the method according to the invention, for example with the sensors 16 respectively. 17 respectively. 19 , serve to provide a processor for processing data and a memory for storing data. Reference List 10 internal combustion engine system 11 internal combustion engine 12 internal combustion engine 13 exhaust aftertreatment system 14 shut-off device 15 control device 16 sensors 17 sensors 18 shut-off device 19 sensors 20 blocks 21 blocks 22 blocks 23 blocks 24 blocks 25 blocks
Claims
[1] Method for operating an internal combustion engine system ( 10 ), wherein the internal combustion engine system ( 10 ) at least two internal combustion engines ( 11 , 12 ), in which fuel can be combusted with the formation of exhaust gas, and one for at least two internal combustion engines ( 11 , 12 ) common exhaust aftertreatment system ( 13 ), in which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engines ( 11 , 12 ) is subject to exhaust aftertreatment, wherein at least one of the internal combustion engines is located downstream ( 11 , 12 ), which have a common exhaust aftertreatment system ( 13 ) is assigned, and upstream of the common exhaust aftertreatment system ( 13 ) a shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) is arranged, which then, when the respective internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12) is stationary to prevent exhaust gas backflow from at least one other running internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) in the direction of the respective stationary internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) is closed, characterized by that with the help of at least one sensor ( 16 , 19 ) a gas composition and / or a gas temperature downstream of at least one stationary internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) and upstream of the respective closed shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) is determined, and depending on this, it is checked whether there is an exhaust gas backflow towards the respective stationary internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) despite closed shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) is present. [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized bythat then, when exhaust gas backflow occurs towards a stationary internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) with the shut-off device assigned to the respective internal combustion engine closed ( 14 , 18 ) is present, indicating a leak in the respective shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) closed and a control-side measure, in particular an error message and / or a measure to reduce exhaust gas backflow, is triggered. [3] Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that downstream of each internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) a shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) is positioned, which is then closed when the respective internal combustion engine is stationary, and that at least one sensor is located downstream of each internal combustion engine and upstream of the respective shut-off device ( 16 , 19) is positioned, with the help of which a gas composition and / or a gas temperature is determined individually for each internal combustion engine downstream of the respective internal combustion engine and upstream of the respective shut-off device. [4] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized by that then results in an exhaust gas backflow towards a stationary internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) with the shut-off device assigned to the respective internal combustion engine closed ( 14 , 18 ) is closed when a connection is made using the connection between the respective internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) and the respective shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) positioned sensor ( 16 , 19 ) the recorded parameter is greater than a limit value. [5] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized bythat then results in an exhaust gas backflow towards an internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) with the shut-off device assigned to the respective internal combustion engine closed ( 14 , 18 ) is closed when an amount of a sensor positioned between the respective internal combustion engine and the respective shut-off device ( 16 , 19 ) recorded parameter at least 50%, preferably at least 25%, particularly preferably at least 10%, of an amount of a preferably identical, downstream of the closed shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) or downstream of another running internal combustion engine ( 11 , 12 ) positioned sensor ( 17 , 16 , 19 ) recorded parameter is. [6] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the respective sensor ( 16 , 17, 19 ) is designed as a lambda sensor and / or as a NOx sensor and / or as an HC sensor and / or as an NH3 sensor and / or as a CO sensor and / or as a CO2 sensor and / or as a temperature sensor and / or as an exhaust particle sensor. [7] Control device ( 15 ) for an internal combustion engine system ( 10 ), characterized by that the same means for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6. [8] Internal combustion engine system ( 10 ), with at least two internal combustion engines ( 11 , 12 ), in which fuel can be combusted with the formation of exhaust gas, with an exhaust aftertreatment system common to at least two internal combustion engines ( 13), in which the exhaust gas is subject to exhaust aftertreatment, wherein downstream at least one of the internal combustion engines to which a common exhaust aftertreatment system is assigned, and upstream of the common exhaust aftertreatment system a shut-off device ( 14 , 18 ) is arranged, which can be closed to prevent exhaust gas backflow towards the respective internal combustion engine, and with a control device ( 15 ) for controlling and / or regulating the operation of internal combustion engines, characterized by that at least one sensor is located between the respective internal combustion engine and the respective shut-off device ( 16 , 19 ) is positioned, with the aid of which a gas composition and / or a gas temperature can be determined downstream of the respective internal combustion engine and upstream of the respective shut-off device, wherein the control device ( 15) from this it is checked whether there is an exhaust gas backflow towards the respective internal combustion engine when it is at a standstill despite the shut-off device being closed. [9] Internal combustion engine system according to claim 8, characterized by that the control device ( 15 ) is designed according to claim 7.