Method and apparatus for manufacturing a multi-layered product
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- EKPO FUEL CELL TECH GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2014-02-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for producing multi-layer products, such as bipolar plate assemblies for fuel cell stacks, are time-consuming and require significant machine capacity.
A method involving the production and joining of at least two layers in a composite tool, utilizing a progressive or transfer tool to synchronize processing operations, reducing cycle time to less than three seconds, and employing material-saving techniques like material-to-material joining and sealing.
The method significantly reduces production time and machine capacity requirements while ensuring precise layer alignment and efficient joining, producing a multi-layer product suitable for electrochemical devices like fuel cell stacks.
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multilayer product, in particular a bipolar plate unit for an electrochemical device.
[0002] These bipolar plate units are components of fuel cell stacks and serve primarily to separate the media (reaction gases and coolant) and to distribute the reaction gases via flow fields across the electrochemically active surface of the fuel cell units of the fuel cell stack, as well as for electrical conduction via the electrical fuel cell units connected in series within the fuel cell stack and for contacting the gas diffusion layers in each individual fuel cell unit. Furthermore, reaction heat is dissipated via the bipolar plate units or transferred to the coolant.
[0003] A bipolar plate unit is preferably formed by joining an anode bipolar plate and a cathode bipolar plate and may comprise further layers, in particular a layer with an electrically insulating layer for connection to a bipolar plate unit adjacent in the fuel cell stack.
[0004] Sealing elements, for example made of an elastomer material, can be integrated into the bipolar plate unit.
[0005] The individual layers of a bipolar plate unit can, for example, be formed from a metal foil through a forming process.
[0006] Such a forming process can include, for example, an embossing process or an internal high-pressure forming process (hydroforming), a forming stretching process, a deep drawing process and / or an extrusion process.
[0007] Furthermore, it is possible to produce a metallic layer of a bipolar plate unit by adiabatic forming, as described, for example, in DE 10 2009 019 530 A1 or US 6 821 471 B2.
[0008] Furthermore, it is known from DE 10 2009 059 764 A1 to manufacture two halves of a bipolar plate unit from the same strip of a starting material in a continuous manner and then to fold the two halves together and join them. Folding the two halves of the bipolar plate unit together represents a very complex process step compared to stacking processes.
[0009] The methods known so far for producing multiple layers of a multilayer product and for joining these layers to form the multilayer product are time-consuming and require high machine capacities.
[0010] The present invention is based on the objective of creating a method for producing a multi-layered product which can be carried out with minimal time expenditure and minimal machine capacity.
[0011] This problem is solved by the method according to claim 1, which comprises the following: – Producing at least two layers of the multilayer product in a composite tool; and – Joining the at least two layers to create the multi-layered product in the composite tool.
[0012] The present invention is based on the concept of combining the individual processes previously carried out in different machines for the production of a multi-layered product in a composite tool, thus directly linking all processing operations in several successive processing stations in order to obtain a minimal cycle or takt time for the output of the finished multi-layered product.
[0013] Preferably, the compound tool is operated with a cycle time of at most three seconds, preferably at most two seconds, and in particular at most one second.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least two layers of the product are produced from at least two separately supplied starting materials.
[0015] At least one of the starting materials, in particular all starting materials, are preferably fed to the processing stations in strip form, in particular from a wound supply of starting material.
[0016] The composite tool may in particular include a progressive die tool, a transfer tool or a combined progressive die and transfer tool.
[0017] In a progressive die, a continuous strip of raw material is advanced by a predetermined feed length in each feed cycle until a separation station is reached at the output end of the progressive die. At this separation station, a section of raw material processed in the preceding machining stations of the progressive die is separated from the continuous raw material in each machining cycle.
[0018] In a transfer tool, a section of the starting material is separated from a continuous starting material in a separation station located at the input end of the transfer tool and then transported as a single part in cycles from processing station to processing station by means of a suitable transfer device of the transfer tool until the output end of the transfer tool.
[0019] In a combined progressive die and transfer tool, the separation station is neither the first nor the last processing station, but is located between other processing stations, so that the starting material is transported as a continuous material from the input end of the tool to the separation station and from the separation station to the output end of the tool in the form of separated starting material sections.
[0020] In a particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the production of the multi-layered product takes place in a single progressive die, transfer die or combined progressive and transfer die.
[0021] A multi-layered product produced in such a tool can then be used, packaged, stored and / or assembled together with other products to form a more comprehensive unit without further processing.
[0022] Alternatively, the composite tool may include a progressive die, a transfer die or a combined progressive and transfer die in which several layers of the multilayer product are formed and separated from the respective starting material and joined together, at least temporarily.
[0023] Furthermore, it may be provided that the composite tool comprises several progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools, in which one or more layers of the multilayer product are formed and separated from the respective starting material, and includes a joining station in which layers produced in different progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools are joined together.
[0024] Preferably, all progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools of the compound tool are operated with the same cycle time.
[0025] It is particularly advantageous if the work cycles of the progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive and transfer tools of the compound tool are synchronized with each other.
[0026] It is particularly advantageous if several progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools of the composite tool are actuated by means of a common motion device to move tool lower parts and / or tool upper parts of these tools, or if the motion devices of several progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools of the composite tool are synchronized with each other in such a way that they actuate the respective tool simultaneously or with a constant time offset.
[0027] In particular, it may be provided that several progressive die tools, transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools of the compound tool are arranged on the same press table.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the multilayer product is a bipolar plate unit for an electrochemical device, in particular for a fuel cell stack or for an electrolyzer.
[0029] The inventive method is particularly material-saving if it is provided that the separation of at least one layer of the multilayer product from the respective starting material in a progressive die, transfer die or combined progressive die and transfer die is carried out in such a way that no feed loss material remains between successive layers of the multilayer product in the starting material.
[0030] This is achieved in particular by ensuring that the extent of the outer contour of the relevant layer in the respective starting material section of the relevant starting material in the feed direction of the tool is essentially the same as the feed distance by which the starting material is moved along the feed direction in each feed cycle of the tool.
[0031] Adjacent layers, which are successively separated from the starting material, preferably border directly on each other without any feed-loss material remaining in between.
[0032] The method according to the invention can comprise at least a preliminary, in particular a final, joining of several layers of the multilayer product, in particular of all layers of the multilayer product, together.
[0033] Such joining can be achieved in particular by material bonding and / or form bonding.
[0034] In particular, such joining may include folding, flanging, cup drawing, spot welding, laser welding, electrical resistance welding, capacitor discharge welding and / or gluing.
[0035] Furthermore, the method according to the invention can include sealing the joining of several layers of the multilayer product.
[0036] In such a sealing process, a fluid-tight connection is created between the relevant layers of the multilayer product.
[0037] Such tight joining can include, in particular, bonding, for example full-surface bonding or partial bonding, laser welding, for example using a CO2 laser, a fiber laser or a disk laser, soldering, wave soldering, for example full-surface wave soldering or partial wave soldering, friction welding, friction stir welding, high-frequency welding, induction welding and / or ultrasonic welding, for example ultrasonic metal welding.
[0038] Furthermore, the method according to the invention can include coating.
[0039] Such coating may include, for example, a pattern printing process, in particular a screen printing process or a pad printing process, a spraying process, in particular a spraying process with masking or a spraying process without masking, immersion in a dipping bath, application of a strip material to the base material and / or lamination of the base material with a coating material.
[0040] Furthermore, it may be provided that the method according to the invention includes a testing procedure and / or a measuring procedure.
[0041] Such a testing or measuring process may include, in particular, a coating thickness test, an electrical resistance measurement, a leakage measurement, a tightness test, a weld inspection and / or a surface inspection.
[0042] Preferably, each of the aforementioned process steps is carried out in a machining station of a progressive die tool, a transfer tool or a combined progressive die and transfer tool.
[0043] In a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that at least one layer of the multilayer product is produced from a starting material which contains a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive nonwoven fabric.
[0044] The metallic material can be, in particular, aluminium or an aluminium alloy, copper or a copper alloy, nickel or a nickel alloy, or a steel material.
[0045] The electrically conductive nonwoven fabric can, in particular, be a carbon fiber nonwoven fabric.
[0046] The present invention further relates to a device for manufacturing a multi-layered product.
[0047] The present invention is based on the further objective of creating a device for producing a multi-layered product, by means of which the multi-layered product can be produced with little time expenditure and as little machine capacity as possible.
[0048] This problem is solved according to the invention by a device for producing a multi-layered product, which comprises a compound tool for producing two or more layers of the multi-layered product and for joining the two or more layers to form the multi-layered product.
[0049] The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out the inventive method for producing a multi-layered product.
[0050] The present invention further relates to a multilayer product produced in the inventive method, preferably by means of an inventive device.
[0051] The starting materials can be pre-coated or pre-deformed before being fed into the composite tool.
[0052] If the method according to the invention comprises coating and joining, the coating can be carried out before or after joining.
[0053] In order to position several layers of the multilayer product in a desired position relative to each other before joining, it is advantageous if the layers of the product to be joined have positioning elements, for example positioning openings and / or positioning projections, which interact with corresponding positioning elements of one or more other layers of the multilayer product or with corresponding positioning elements of the composite tool, in particular a joining station of the composite tool, in such a way that the desired relative positioning of the layers relative to each other is achieved.
[0054] Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the graphic representation of exemplary embodiments.
[0055] The drawings show:
[0056] Fig. 1. A schematic representation of a compound tool for producing several, for example three, layers of a multilayer product and for joining the several, in particular three, layers to form the multilayer product, wherein the production of the multilayer product takes place in a single progressive die; and
[0057] Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a compound tool for producing several, for example three, layers of a multilayer product and for joining the several, in particular three, layers to form the multilayer product, wherein the compound tool comprises several progressive dies in which a layer of the multilayer product is formed and separated from a respective starting material, and comprises a joining station in which the layers produced in the various progressive dies are joined together to form the multilayer product.
[0058] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are designated with the same reference symbols in all figures.
[0059] One in Fig. 1 schematically represented, as a whole with 100 designated device for manufacturing a multi-layered product 102, for example, a bipolar plate unit for an electrochemical device, in particular for a fuel cell stack, comprises a composite tool 104 , which in this first embodiment is a single progressive die tool 106 and several feed devices for raw materials 108 for feeding several, for example three, starting materials to the progressive die tool 106 includes.
[0060] This can be done with the progressive die tool 106 The supplied starting materials may be different from each other or essentially the same.
[0061] Each input material feeding device 108 includes, for example, a bracket 110 for rotating holders of one starting material roll each 112 and a (not shown) feed device which operates in cycles and feeds the respective starting material roll. 112Removed flat starting material during a feed cycle of the compound tool 104 to cover a predetermined feed distance along a feed direction 114 promotes.
[0062] Each feed device can, for example, comprise a drive roller and a pressure roller arranged parallel to it, wherein the feed material passes through the gap between the drive roller and the pressure roller and is moved along the feed direction by friction with the cylindrical surface of the drive roller, which rotates during a feed cycle. 114 is moved forwards.
[0063] The raw material feeding devices 108 convey the ribbon-shaped raw materials into the progressive die tool 106 , which is a stationary tool base 116 and a tool top 118includes, for example, a vertical guide rod (not shown) which is slidably guided and moved relative to the stationary tool base by means of a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic motion device (not shown). 116 is movable.
[0064] The progressive die tool 106 includes several along the feed direction 114 successive processing stations 120 , which are attached to the lower part of the tool 116 and / or on the upper part of the tool 118 have arranged processing tools, such as punching, embossing, cutting, coating or joining tools.
[0065] One or more processing stations 120 of the progressive die tool 106 can be used to distinguish between the tool base 116 and the tool top 118 arranged additional tool carriers 122feature which are each arranged between the machining paths of two different starting materials, together with the tool top. 118 in the direction of travel 124 The process is carried out and each carries processing tools for processing the adjacent raw materials.
[0066] During a work cycle of the progressive die tool 106 The tool top will be 118 from above against the uppermost starting material 126a driven, and the tool carriers 122 are against the underlying starting materials 126b and 126c driven, whereby the processes in the successive processing stations 120 The raw material sections located in the respective processing stations are simultaneously removed. 120 The materials are processed using arranged tools, meaning, for example, they are punched, embossed, cut, coated or joined.
[0067] To adjust the starting material sections relative to the processing stations 120 To enable precise positioning, it may be provided that in a first processing station one or more positioning holes are punched into each section of the starting material, and that each of the subsequent processing stations 120 has a corresponding number of positioning pins which engage in the respective assigned positioning holes of the starting material sections and thus position the starting material sections in the desired position relative to the respective processing station 120 hold.
[0068] By moving the upper part of the tool back 118 and the tool carrier 122 In its upper starting position, a working cycle of the progressive die tool is required. 106 completed.
[0069] In the subsequent feed cycle of the progressive die tool 106 will the starting materials 126a , 126band 126c by means of the feed devices of the respective input material feeding devices 108 to cover a predetermined feed distance along the feed direction 114 moved forward.
[0070] Once the starting materials have come to a standstill after the feed has been completed, the next work cycle of the progressive die tool begins. 106 with the lowering of the tool upper part 118 .
[0071] In principle, it can of course also be intended that the tool upper part 118 is stationary, while the tool lower part 116 and the tool carriers 122 along the direction of travel 124 be moved upwards. Furthermore, it is also fundamentally possible that both the lower and upper parts of the tool move upwards. 118 relative to the starting materials 126a until 126c in the direction of travel 124 move.
[0072] The in Fig. 1 exemplary progressive die tool 106 can, for example, in the feed direction 114 consecutive, a punching station 128 , a conversion station 130 , a coating station 132 , a first joining station 134 , a second joining station 136 and a separation station 138 include.
[0073] In principle, the progressive die tool 106 but also fewer, different from those mentioned and / or more processing stations 120 exhibit.
[0074] In the stamping station 128The starting material sections contained therein during a work cycle are punched using suitable punches, i.e. provided with the required through-holes (for example, medium channel through-holes for the passage of fuel gas, oxidizing agent or coolant through a layer of a bipolar plate unit) and, if necessary, with position holes.
[0075] In the transformer station 130 For example, flow-guiding structures, in particular flow fields, and / or sealing structures and / or support structures can be incorporated into the starting materials. 126a until 126c to be shaped, in particular by an embossing process.
[0076] In the coating station 132 The raw material sections located there can be coated completely, partially, linearly or at specific points.
[0077] Such a coating can be applied, for example, by a pattern printing process, in particular a screen printing or pad printing process, by a spraying process (with or without masking), by immersion in a dipping bath, by applying a strip material to the base material and / or by laminating the base material with a layer of a coating material.
[0078] In the first joining station 134 The corresponding starting material sections of the first starting material will be 126a and the second source material 126b positioned relative to each other in the desired manner and joined together.
[0079] In the second joining station 136 The respective assigned starting material section of the third starting material will be 126c relative to the already joined starting material sections of the first starting material 126a and the second source material126b positioned in the desired manner and joined with the same.
[0080] The joining processes in the first joining station 134 and the second joining station 136 can involve a preliminary or a final joining of multiple layers 103 of the multi-layered product 102 include.
[0081] This can involve joining based on material properties or joining based on form.
[0082] The joining process in the joining stations 134 and / or 136 This may include, in particular, folding, flanging, cup drawing, spot welding, laser welding, resistance welding, capacitor discharge welding and / or gluing.
[0083] Furthermore, joining can take place in at least one of the joining stations. 134 or 136 a sealing joint of several layers of the multilayer product 102 include.
[0084] Such tight joining can include, in particular, (full-surface or partial) gluing, laser welding (for example, using a CO2 laser, a fiber laser and / or a disk laser), soldering, (full-surface or partial) wave soldering, friction welding, friction stir welding, high-frequency welding, induction welding and / or ultrasonic welding (especially ultrasonic metal welding).
[0085] At the separation station 138 for example by means of separating stamps that are located in the separating station 138 the interconnected starting material sections located in the feed direction 114 further back, for example in the second joining station 136 , located starting material sections of the starting materials 126a until 126c completely separated to separate the layers 103a until 103c of the product 102 to form.
[0086] The materials joined together and derived from the ribbon-shaped starting materials 126a until 126c at the separation station 138 separated layers 103a until 103c together they form the multi-layered product. 102 , which is located at the exit of the progressive die tool 106 (for example, by means of a suitable handling device) can be removed.
[0087] Preferably, this can be used with the progressive die tool. 106 removed product 102 can be used directly without further processing, for example as a bipolar plate unit for building a fuel cell stack.
[0088] Preferably, the multi-layered product is manufactured 102 in the progressive die tool 106 thus tool-less.
[0089] One in Fig. 2 second embodiment of a device shown 100 for the production of a multi-layered product 102differs from the first embodiment described above, in particular in that the composite tool 104 not just a single progressive die tool 106 includes, in which the various starting materials 126a until 126c manufactured layers 103 of the multi-layered product 102 not already joined together, but instead several, for example three, progressive die tools 106a until 106c , each containing a layer 103a until 103c of the multi-layered product 102 processed and from the respective source material 126a until 126c is separated, and in addition to the progressive die tools 106a until 106c planned external joining station 142 , in which the various progressive die tools 106a until 106c manufactured layers 103a until 103care joined together to create the multi-layered product 102 to form.
[0090] The joining station 142 can be a tool lower part 144 and a tool top 146 include those which are located along a direction of travel 148 are movable relative to each other by means of a (not shown) mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic motion device.
[0091] In particular, it may be provided that the movement device of the external joining station 142 with the movement device of at least one progressive die tool 106 , preferably all progressive die tools 106 , coupled and / or synchronized, so that the work cycles in the joining station 142 and in the associated progressive die tools 106 are synchronized with each other.
[0092] For example, it may be planned that the external joining station 142and at least one progressive die tool 106 , preferably all progressive die tools 106 , are arranged on the same press table.
[0093] Each of the progressive die tools 106a , 106b and 106c Each is a feed device for the starting material. 108 assigned, and each subsequent composite tool 106a until 106c includes several processing stations 120 , which in the respective feed direction 114 to follow one another, for the sequential processing of the respective source material 126a until 126c .
[0094] As with the in Fig. In the first embodiment shown in 1, the processing stations 120 for example as a punching station 128 , forming station 130 , coating station 132 or separation station 138 be trained.
[0095] The number and design of the processing stations 120 can basically be used in all progressive die tools 106a until 106c may be the same, but can also vary between progressive die tools. 106a until 106c differentiate.
[0096] An exemplary representation of Fig. 2 additional processing stations shown 140 For example, it could be an empty station in which no processing operation is carried out, or a testing station in which a section of the starting material arranged therein is subjected to a testing operation and / or a measuring operation.
[0097] Such a testing or measuring process may include, for example, a coating thickness test, an electrical resistance measurement, a leakage measurement, a weld inspection and / or a surface inspection.
[0098] Since each of the progressive die tools 106a until 106cIn this embodiment, there is only a single layer. 103a until 103c of the multi-layered product 102 In this embodiment, none of the progressive die tools are included. 106 a joining station. However, it would also be conceivable to have two or more layers. 103 of the multi-layered product 102 in the same progressive die tool 106 to manufacture and then in the external joining station 142 with at least one other position 103 , which in another progressive die tool 106 to add.
[0099] After separating the respective layers 103a until 103c at the separation station 138 of the respective progressive die tool 106a until 106c These layers will be 103a until 103c by means of suitable conveying or handling devices, for example by means of robots, from the respective progressive die tool 106a until 106cinto the working area of the external joining station 142 moved and together there to form the multi-layered product 102 added.
[0100] All of the above-mentioned points related to the first joining station can be considered here. 134 and the second joining station 136 of the progressive die tool 106 The joining process described in the first embodiment is used.
[0101] The joining process in the joining station 142 finished multi-layered product 102 The joining station 142 removed and put to further use, in the case of a bipolar plate unit, for example, a process for assembling a fuel cell stack.
[0102] Moreover, the in Fig. 2 second embodiment of a device shown 100 for the production of the multi-layered product 102 regarding structure and function with the in Fig. 1 first embodiment shown, to the foregoing description of which reference is made in this respect.
[0103] The in connection with the in the Fig. 1 and Fig. The two progressive die tools shown can, in principle, also be replaced (individually or all at once) by transfer tools, in which, first, in a separating station, sections of the starting material are separated from the starting material fed to the transfer tool and then, as individual parts, are transferred intermittently from the processing station by means of a suitable transfer device of the transfer tool. 120 to processing station 120 transported through the transfer tool.
[0104] In the embodiment from Fig. 2 could also be provided for, that at least one layer 103 of the multi-layered product 102 in a progressive die tool 106 and at least one other location 103is produced in a transfer tool. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION
[0105] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature
[0106] DE 102009019530 A1
[0007] US 6821471 B2
[0007] DE 102009059764 A1
[0008]
Claims
[1] Method for producing a multilayer product ( 102 ), encompassing the following: – Creating at least two layers ( 103 ) of the product ( 102 ) in a composite tool ( 104 ); and – Joining the at least two layers ( 103 ) to the multi-layered product ( 102 ) in the composite tool ( 104 ). [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by that at least two layers ( 103 ) of the product ( 102 ) from two separately supplied starting materials ( 126 ) are manufactured. [3] Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by that the composite tool ( 104 ) a progressive die tool ( 106 ), a transfer tool or a combined progressive die and transfer tool. [4] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the production of the multi-layered product ( 102) in a single progressive die tool ( 106 ), transfer tool or combined progressive die and transfer tool, tooling is used. [5] Method according to claim 3, characterized by that the composite tool ( 104 ) a progressive die tool ( 106 ), transfer tool or combined progressive die and transfer tool, in which several layers ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) transformed and made from the respective starting material ( 126 ) are separated and at least temporarily joined together. [6] Method according to one of claims 3 or 5, characterized by that the composite tool ( 104 ) several progressive die tools ( 106 ), transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools, in which one or more layers ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) transformed and made from the respective starting material ( 126) are separated out, and a joining station ( 142 ) includes, in which various progressive die tools ( 106 ), layers produced using transfer tools or combined progressive die and transfer tools ( 103 ) are joined together. [7] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that the multi-layered product ( 102 ) is a bipolar plate unit for an electrochemical device. [8] Method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized by that the removal of at least one layer ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) from the respective starting material ( 126 ) in a progressive die tool ( 106 ), transfer tool or combined progressive die and transfer tool such that between in the starting material ( 126 ) successive layers ( 103 ) no feed loss material remains. [9] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by that the process involves at least a provisional joining of several layers ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) includes. [10] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by that the process involves a tight joining of several layers ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) includes. [11] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by that the process includes coating. [12] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by that the procedure includes a testing process and / or a measurement process. [13] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by that at least one layer ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) is produced from a starting material which contains a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive nonwoven fabric. [14] Device for manufacturing a multi-layered product ( 102 ), comprising a composite tool ( 104 ) for producing two or more layers ( 103 ) of the multi-layered product ( 102 ) and to join the two or more layers ( 103 ) to the multi-layered product ( 102 ). [15] Multilayer product manufactured by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, preferably by means of a device according to claim 14.