Briquetting press

Abstract

Briquetting press (5) for producing briquettes (8) by compression from a deformable material, in particular from a mixture comprising wood chips, paper scraps, paper dust, grinding dust, biomass, non-ferrous metal chips or the like, comprising: - a press piston (6, 7) for exerting pressure during compression; - a drive device (20) for driving a lifting and lowering movement of the press piston in order to compress the material during the lowering movement; characterized in that - a measuring device for detecting the current consumption of the drive device and - a control device (21) for controlling the number of lifting and lowering movements of the press piston per unit of time as a function of the current consumption detected by the measuring device are provided; - wherein the control device is designed to increase the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time as the current consumption decreases.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a briquetting press for producing briquettes by compression from a deformable material, in particular from a mixture comprising wood chips, paper scraps, paper dust, grinding dust, biomass or non-ferrous metal chips or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding compression device according to the preamble of claim 6 and a method for compression according to the preamble of claim 8.

[0002] Briquetting presses are generally known from the prior art for compressing waste products from a machining process into cuboid blocks, for example, chips or dust from machining a workpiece with a machine tool. The resulting briquettes are typically easier to handle and transport. Accordingly, the malleable materials to be compressed can be mixtures, such as wood chips, paper scraps, paper dust, or the like. Metal chips and shavings can also be generated during machining in a machine tool and can, in principle, be compressed into briquettes using a briquetting press. In addition, the materials or material mixtures can also be biomass or other mixtures containing biological material, which are generated, for example, during waste treatment, composting, dewatering, or other bioprocessing.Such briquetting presses typically include a press piston and a drive mechanism for powering the press piston.

[0003] The object of the invention is to be able to propose a briquetting press in which the throughput of briquetted bodies can be increased.

[0004] The problem is solved, starting from a briquetting press, a pressing device or a method for pressing of the type mentioned above, by the characterizing features of claims 1, 6 and 8.

[0005] The measures mentioned in the dependent claims make advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention possible.

[0006] Accordingly, the briquetting press according to the invention is characterized by the inclusion of a measuring device for recording the current consumption of the drive device and a control device for monitoring the number of strokes and retractions of the press piston per unit of time as a function of the current consumption recorded by the measuring device. The drive device propels the press piston in a stroke and retraction motion, with the material being compressed during the retraction motion. The current consumption of the drive device increases accordingly with the load on the press piston. During a retraction motion, in which material is being compressed, the current consumption will generally be higher than during a stroke motion, in which the corresponding piston is essentially idle.The control device in the briquetting press according to the invention is designed to increase the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time as the current consumption decreases, thus effectively increasing the speed of the press piston, particularly during idle operation. This measure increases the pressing capacity because the frequency of the pressing movements, or lifting and lowering movements, is increased. Simultaneously, energy savings can be achieved because only the idle time is shortened, and the need to use more powerful presses, which would also result in higher energy consumption, is avoided. Therefore, the briquetting throughput of the briquetting press according to the invention can also be significantly increased.

[0007] A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the control device is designed as a frequency converter or includes a frequency converter, because this enables direct frequency control. The use of a frequency converter in this embodiment is particularly advantageous because control can be achieved virtually in real time, which proves beneficial because the frequency can be adjusted and increased immediately during the stroke movement or when idling. In this way, the performance increase and energy savings can be further enhanced.

[0008] In one embodiment of the invention, the drive device is a pump, in particular a hydraulic pump, preferably a hydraulic gear pump, or the drive device comprises such a pump to pump hydraulic oil to drive the press piston. A pump, especially of a hydraulic type, enables the application of a particularly high pressure and utilizes the advantage that the driving medium, namely the hydraulic oil, is incompressible as a liquid.

[0009] In a further embodiment of the invention, the frequency converter is configured to increase or decrease the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time by controlling the pump and increasing or decreasing its speed. This control measure thus advantageously acts directly on the drive device or a part thereof.

[0010] Depending on the material being compressed, it can interact with the surface of the compression piston in different ways. Generally, the material should not adhere too strongly to the piston to prevent the briquette from tearing apart. For example, an attachment made of polyamide (PA) can be used to select the appropriate properties for the piston. Polyamide is also relatively chemically inert, which reduces the likelihood of reactions with substances present in the mixture being formed. This makes the briquetting press very versatile and flexible, as it allows the briquetting of materials such as wood shavings and biomass without the risk of piston corrosion. Furthermore, polyamide is relatively hard, which also makes it suitable for use as a compression tool.

[0011] Accordingly, a pressing device for the production of briquettes is characterized by the fact that a briquetting press according to the invention is provided for pressing the deformable material, thereby achieving the advantages already mentioned above.

[0012] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a corresponding pressing device can comprise a sickle for conveying the material from a storage container, and optionally a screw conveyor for further transporting the malleable material or optionally a conveyor belt for conveying the briquettes, which is located downstream of the actual briquetting press. The sickle and screw conveyor can be effectively used to collect and convey soft materials, malleable materials, loose material, or the like, while a conveyor belt, in the present case, can be used particularly well to further transport individual, larger solid objects, such as a briquette.

[0013] Furthermore, a briquetting press according to the invention is characterized in that the current consumption of the drive device is detected by a measuring device, and the number of strokes and retractions of the press piston per unit of time is controlled by the control device as a function of the current consumption detected by the measuring device, whereby the number of strokes and retractions per unit of time is increased when the current consumption decreases. This method also achieves the advantages already mentioned in connection with the briquetting press according to the invention. The use of a frequency converter in conjunction with the control device is particularly advantageous, as the frequency converter can directly adjust the frequency of the strokes and retractions, or the speed of the motor or pump when driving the piston, based on the current consumption of the drive device.This allows for direct control, possibly even in real time. Example of implementation

[0014] An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and is explained in more detail below, including further details and advantages. Specifically, the drawings show:

[0015] Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a pressing device with a briquetting press according to the invention, as well as

[0016] Fig. 2 A schematic representation of the control of a briquetting press according to the invention with a frequency converter.

[0017] Fig. Figure 1 shows a crimping device 1 according to the invention with a storage container 2 , which in turn is a sickle 3 and a screw conveyor 4 includes, as well as a briquetting press 5The malleable mixture of materials, which is eventually to be pressed into a solid briquette, is in the storage container. 2 stockpiled. With the sickle 3 This material is pre-portioned and fed to a screw conveyor. 4 These portions are then passed on to a briquetting press. 5 leads.

[0018] Inside the briquetting press there is first a packing cylinder. 6 for pre-compacting the material and a subsequent dispensing cylinder 7 , which presses the material through a predefined die, in this case in the form of two half-shells. The finished briquette 8 is via a conveyor line 9' onto a conveyor belt 9'' transported. Via conveyor belt 9'' The briquette 8 in a pressed pipe 10 and is eventually collected in a container 11collected and temporarily stored so that the briquette can eventually be used or disposed of.

[0019] The briquette 8 It is particularly easy to handle because it is a compact solid and no longer a malleable or pourable material, meaning that special containers would not be necessary for handling it. Furthermore, the briquette 8 They are shaped in such a way that they can be advantageously packed tightly with other briquettes to save space. The ones in the cylinders 6 , 7Existing pressing blocks can, for example, have a polyamide surface. Polyamide (abbreviation: PA) is characterized by high strength, stiffness, and toughness, and also possesses good chemical resistance. This means that even deformable materials intended for briquetting, which could chemically react with other substances, can be pressed and processed through the PA surface. This makes the device more versatile overall.

[0020] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of how the hydraulic pump 20 via the frequency converter 21 is regulated. The hydraulic pump 20 is part of the drive mechanism within the briquetting press 5 and is used to drive the cylinders 6 , 7 (cf.) Fig. 1) The frequency converter 21It measures the current draw of the hydraulic pump. The current draw is lower at idle, especially when the pistons are moving upwards and are not working against greater mechanical resistance, as would be the case during the actual pressing process, because the material to be pressed needs to be compressed.

[0021] This measurement of the current consumption is carried out according to Fig. 2 via the input line 22 When the pistons are in idle motion, the current draw via the line is 22 is measured, lower, and the frequency converter 21 It sends a higher frequency to the hydraulic pump for lifting and lowering movements. 20 This signal to increase the frequency is transmitted via the access line. 23The signal is transmitted to the hydraulic pump. According to the invention, as illustrated in the present case, more strokes can be achieved; in a corresponding embodiment, for example, 40% more strokes. This is because the oil used for drive in the hydraulic pump is pumped faster when pressure needs to be generated. Advantageously, the performance of the briquetting press according to the invention can thus be increased, and energy can also be saved because, as a rule, a press with higher energy consumption does not need to be used. Reference symbol list 1 crimping device 2 storage containers 3 sickles 4 auger 5 Briquetting press 6 filling cylinders 7 dispensing cylinders 8 briquettes 9' Conveyor path 9'' conveyor belt 10 Pressed Pipeline 11 collection containers 20 Hydraulic pump 21 frequency converters 22 Line for current consumption measurement 23 Control line for frequency setting

Claims

[1] Briquetting press ( 5 ) for the production of briquettes ( 8 ) by compression from a deformable material, in particular from a mixture comprising wood chips, paper scraps, paper dust, grinding dust, biomass, non-ferrous metal chips or the like, comprising: – a piston ( 6 , 7 ) to exert pressure during compression – a drive device ( 20 ) to drive a lifting and lowering movement of the press piston, in order to be able to compress the material during the lowering movement, characterized by that – a measuring device for recording the current consumption of the drive device and – a control device ( 21 ) are provided for controlling the number of lifting and lowering movements of the press piston per unit of time as a function of the current consumption detected by the measuring device, – wherein the control device is designed to increase the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time as the current consumption decreases. [2] Briquetting press according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that the control device acts as a frequency converter ( 21 ) is trained and / or includes a frequency converter. [3] Briquetting press according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that the drive device is a pump, in particular a hydraulic pump ( 20 ), particularly preferably comprising a hydraulic gear pump to pump hydraulic oil to drive the press piston. [4] Briquetting press according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that the frequency converter is designed to increase or decrease the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time by controlling the pump and increasing or decreasing its speed. [5] Briquetting press according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that the press piston includes a polyamide block that comes into contact with the deformable material during pressing. [6] Pressing device ( 1 ) for the production of briquettes from a malleable material, in particular from a mixture containing wood chips, paper scraps, paper dust, grinding dust, biomass, non-ferrous metal chips or the like, characterized by that a briquetting press is used to compress the malleable material ( 5 ) according to one of the aforementioned claims. [7] Pressing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a transport device is provided for transporting the deformable material, which in particular includes at least one of the following devices: – a sickle ( 3 ) for conveying from a container for storing the deformable material and / or – a snail ( 4 ) for further transport of the deformable material and / or – a conveyor belt ( 9‘‘ ) as a conveyor belt for transporting the briquettes. [8] Methods for compressing briquettes ( 8 ) made of a deformable material, in particular a mixture comprising wood chips, paper scraps, paper dust, grinding dust, biomass, non-ferrous metal chips or the like, wherein pressure is exerted by a press piston during compression and a lifting and lowering movement of the press piston is driven by a drive device ( 20 ) is driven in order to compress the material during the lowering movement, characterized by that – the current consumption of the drive device via a measuring device ( 22 ) is recorded and – the number of lifting and lowering movements of the press piston per unit of time as a function of the current consumption detected by the measuring device using a control device (21 ) controlled ( 23 ) becomes, – whereby the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time increases as the current consumption decreases. [9] Method according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that a frequency converter is used as a control device ( 21 ) is used. [10] Method according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that hydraulic oil is used to drive the press piston by a pump, in particular a hydraulic pump ( 20 ), especially preferably a hydraulic gear pump is used. [11] Method according to any of the aforementioned claims, characterized by that the number of lifting and lowering movements per unit of time is increased or decreased by the frequency converter controlling the pump and increasing or decreasing its speed.

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