Method for regulating the output voltage of a battery system and for executing the method, a battery system designed for

Abstract

A method for controlling the output voltage of a battery system (1) with a plurality of battery cells (2), which are electrically interconnected such that battery cells (2) of the battery system (1) can be connected to the battery system (1) and can be electrically bridged, wherein, in order to adapt an actual output voltage (3) of the battery system (1) to a target output voltage, at least one switch-on probability is generated and the battery cells (1) with the at least one generated switch-on probability are connected to the battery system (1), wherein, in order to adapt the actual output voltage (3) of the battery system (1) to the target output voltage, at least one switch-off probability is additionally generated and the battery cells (1) with the at least one generated switch-off probability are electrically bridged, characterized in thatthat the connection of the battery cells (2) to the battery system (1) can be carried out for each battery cell (2) either with positive polarity or with negative polarity,wherein, to adapt the actual output voltage (3) to the target output voltage, a positive switch-on probability is generated and the battery cells (2) with the generated positive switch-on probability are connected to the battery system (1) with positive polarity and / or a negative switch-on probability is generated and the battery cells (2) with the generated negative switch-on probability are connected to the battery system (1) with negative polarity and / or a positive switch-off probability is generated and the battery cells (2) with positive polarity are electrically bridged with the generated positive switch-off probability and / or a negative switch-off probability is generated and the battery cells (2) with negative polarity are electrically bridged with the generated negative switch-off probability.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for controlling an output voltage of a battery system with a plurality of battery cells, which are electrically connected in such a way that battery cells of the battery system can each be connected to the battery system and can be electrically bridged, with an actual output voltage of the battery system being adapted to a Target output voltage at least one switch-on probability is generated and the battery cells are connected to the battery system with the at least one switch-on probability generated.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a battery system comprising a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells, a plurality of control circuits and a control unit for controlling an output voltage of the battery system provided by the battery cells, one of the control circuits being assigned to each battery cell and the battery cells each being controlled by the control circuits Battery system can be switched on or can be bridged electrically. State of the art

[0003] In order to meet the requirements placed on battery systems with regard to their capacity and / or power, it is known to electrically connect battery cells to one another. In particular, it is known to electrically connect a plurality of battery cells in series to form a battery string and to in turn electrically connect these battery strings to one another in parallel. In order to provide a required output voltage by the battery system, it is also known to connect such battery strings and / or individual battery cells of a battery system to the battery system, so that these battery cells make a voltage contribution to the output voltage. To provide a required output voltage, it is also known to electrically bridge battery cells of the battery system in order to isolate the battery cells from the battery system in this way, so that they do not contribute any voltage to the output voltage of the battery system.

[0004] The problem here is in particular that the individual battery cells have deviations in terms of their capacity and their internal resistance, in particular for manufacturing reasons, so that the battery cells usually have different states of charge.

[0005] Battery systems are known from the publications KR 2003-92464, KR 2007-66293 and US 2005 / 053092, which comprise a plurality of battery cells, the individual battery cells randomly inputting an actual output voltage of the battery system to a predetermined target output voltage of the battery system - Or switched off and thus either make a voltage contribution to the output voltage of the battery system or not.

[0006] Furthermore, it is known in the prior art to generate a switch-on probability, with the battery cells being connected to the battery system with this switch-on probability. If a battery system is designed, for example, to provide a maximum output voltage of 400 volts, with all battery cells being connected to one another to provide the output voltage, and if a target output voltage of 300 volts is required, then a switch-on probability of 75% is specified in order to achieve the specified target to reach the output voltage.

[0007] This input voltage is advantageously communicated to the battery cells or corresponding control circuits of the battery cells via a central communication bus of the battery system.

[0008] In particular, it is known that each battery cell itself determines a quality factor assigned to the battery cell, which can depend, for example, on the battery cell voltage of this battery cell, the battery cell temperature and / or the state of charge of the battery cell (SOC, SOC: State of Charge).

[0009] Battery cells are then connected to the battery system, taking into account the quality factor of the battery cell and the specified switch-on probability. The target output voltage is set on average. A disadvantage of this method is that it can happen that the battery cells are connected in such a way that the actual output voltage deviates greatly from the target output voltage. This would then be corrected by the regulation in that the switch-on probability is adjusted accordingly. However, this can lead to undesired outliers in the actual output voltage.

[0010] Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to improve the regulation of the output voltage of a battery system. In particular, an improved adjustment of an actual output voltage of a battery system to a target output voltage is to be achieved. Advantageously, strong deviations of the actual output voltage from the target output voltage should be avoided. Disclosure of Invention

[0011] To solve the problem, a method for controlling an output voltage of a battery system with a plurality of battery cells, which are electrically connected in such a way that battery cells of the battery system can each be connected to the battery system and can be electrically bridged, is proposed, with the adjustment of an actual output voltage of the battery system to a target output voltage, at least one switch-on probability is generated and the battery cells with the at least one generated switch-on probability are connected to the battery system, and in order to adapt the actual output voltage of the battery system to the target output voltage, at least one switch-off probability is additionally generated and the battery cells are electrically bridged with the at least one generated switch-off probability. This means that in the method according to the invention, two different probabilities are advantageously transmitted for connecting battery cells to the battery system and for electrically bridging battery cells within the battery system, ie for switching battery cells of the battery system on and off. The switch-on probability is the probability that an electrically bridged battery cell should be connected to the battery system. The switch-off probability, on the other hand, is the probability that a battery cell connected to the battery system should be electrically bridged. A battery cell of the battery system is advantageously always either connected to the battery system or electrically bridged, with the battery cell being able to change from one wiring state to the other wiring state by changing the wiring, in particular by actuating switching elements, i.e. for example from the wiring state “electrically bridged” to can switch to the wiring state "connected to the battery system".

[0012] If a battery cell of the battery system is connected to the battery system, this battery cell advantageously makes a voltage contribution to the output voltage of the battery system. When charging the battery system, battery cells connected to the battery system are also advantageously recharged.

[0013] If a battery cell of the battery system is electrically bridged, this battery cell advantageously does not contribute any voltage to the output voltage of the battery system. In addition, when charging the battery system, electrically bridged battery cells are advantageously not recharged.

[0014] Whether a battery cell of the battery system is connected to the battery system or is electrically bypassed when a switch-on probability or a switch-off probability is transmitted to the battery cells is advantageously decided as a function of a quality factor assigned to the battery cell, which in particular depends on the state of charge of the battery cell and / or the battery cell temperature and / or the battery cell voltage.

[0015] The at least one switch-on probability is advantageously generated in each case from a switch-on probability function. The at least one switch-off probability is advantageously generated in each case from a switch-off probability function. The switch-on probability function and the switch-off probability function are advantageously functions that are dependent on the difference between the setpoint output voltage and the actual output voltage of the battery system. This means that the switch-on probability that the switch-on probability function supplies, or the switch-off probability that the switch-off probability function supplies, depends on how much the actual output voltage of the battery system deviates from the target output voltage.

[0016] According to one embodiment variant of the invention, the switch-on probability function and / or the switch-off probability function are non-linear functions. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the switch-on probability function and the switch-off probability function are linear functions.

[0017] In particular, it is provided that the switch-on probability function and the switch-off probability function are mirror-symmetrical with respect to an axis of symmetry, which preferably runs through the point at which the target output voltage is equal to the actual output voltage. In particular, it is provided that the switch-on probability function and the switch-off probability function are linear functions.

[0018] A further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the at least one switch-on probability is equal to zero when the actual output voltage is greater than the target output voltage and / or that the at least one switch-off probability is equal to zero when the actual output voltage is less than is the target output voltage. According to this advantageous embodiment, it is therefore provided that if the target output voltage is greater than the actual output voltage, only electrically bypassed battery cells may be connected to the battery system, but no connected battery cells may be bypassed. In the event that the target output voltage is lower than the actual output voltage, however, only battery cells connected to the battery system may be electrically bridged.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment variant of the method according to the invention, a switch-on probability and a switch-off probability are generated in each case for adapting an actual output voltage of the battery system to a target output voltage, with the switch-on probability being greater than the switch-off probability when the actual output voltage is lower than the target Output voltage, and the switch-off probability is greater than the switch-on probability when the actual output voltage is greater than the target output voltage. In this variant embodiment, it is provided in particular that the battery cells are each connected to a battery string via a half-bridge configuration, the battery cell being connected to the battery system or the battery cell being electrically bridged by activation of at least one switching element.

[0020] According to a further advantageous embodiment variant of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the battery cells can be connected to the battery system for each battery cell either with positive polarity or with negative polarity, with a positive switch-on probability being generated to adapt the actual output voltage to the target output voltage and the battery cells with the generated positive switch-on probability are connected to the battery system with positive polarity and / or a negative switch-on probability is generated and the battery cells with the generated negative switch-on probability are connected to the battery system with negative polarity and / or a positive switch-off probability is generated and the battery cells with positive polarity are electrically bridged with the generated positive switch-off probability and / or a negative switch-off probability time is generated and the battery cells with negative polarity are electrically bridged with the generated negative switch-off probability. In particular, it is provided that the battery cells are connected to a battery string of the battery system in a full-bridge configuration.

[0021] Advantageously, different probabilities for switching the battery cells are transmitted in this embodiment variant of the method according to the invention for the connection of battery cells to the battery system and the bridging of battery cells of the battery system.

[0022] In this case, the positive switch-on probability is advantageously the probability that a bridged battery cell with positive polarity is to be connected to the battery system.

[0023] In this case, the negative switch-on probability is advantageously the probability that a bridged cell with negative polarity is to be connected to the battery system.

[0024] In this case, the positive switch-off probability is advantageously the probability that a battery cell connected to the battery system is to be bypassed with positive polarity.

[0025] In this case, the negative switch-off probability is advantageously the probability that a battery cell connected to the battery system is to be bridged with negative polarity.

[0026] It is provided in particular that the switch-on probabilities and the switch-off probabilities are signed. The positive switch-on probability preferably has a positive sign, the negative switch-on probability has a negative sign. The positive switch-off probability advantageously has a positive sign, and the negative switch-off probability has a negative sign.

[0027] If, for example, the actual output voltage is less than the target output voltage, the probability that a bypassed battery cell will be connected to the battery system is high and the probability that a battery cell connected to the battery system will be bypassed is low. The selected functions for generating the respective switch-on and switch-off probabilities are preferably designed symmetrically, particularly preferably as linear functions.

[0028] To achieve the object mentioned at the outset, a battery system comprising a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells, a plurality of control circuits and a control unit for controlling an output voltage of the battery system provided by the battery cells is also proposed, one of the control circuits being assigned to each of the battery cells and the battery cells can in each case be connected to the battery system by means of the control circuits or can be electrically bridged, with the battery system advantageously being designed to carry out a method according to the invention.

[0029] In particular, it is provided that the battery system is a battery system designed to provide the electrical energy required to operate a hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicle. In this case, the battery cells are advantageously secondary battery cells, that is to say rechargeable accumulator cells, preferably lithium-ion cells.

[0030] In particular, it is provided that the battery system has at least one battery string, with each battery string comprising a plurality of battery cells. The battery system preferably has a plurality of battery strings, the battery strings advantageously being electrically connected in parallel.

[0031] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the battery system according to the invention, it is provided that the battery system comprises at least one battery string, the battery cells each being connected to a battery string of the battery system in a half-bridge configuration.

[0032] A further particularly advantageous embodiment of the battery system according to the invention provides that the battery system comprises at least one battery string, the battery cells each being connected to a battery string of the battery system in a full-bridge configuration. Due to the full-bridge configuration, a battery cell of the battery system is advantageously electrically connected in each case in such a way that by changing the switch position, this battery cell can be connected to the battery system with positive polarity, can be connected to the battery system with negative polarity, can be bridged with positive polarity and can be bridged with negative polarity, the battery cells advantageously - except for the switching moment as such - is in one of these switching states.

[0033] According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the battery system according to the invention, it is provided that the control circuit assigned to a battery cell comprises at least one switching element, at least one driver, at least one microcontroller circuit and at least one interface. The microcontroller circuit is advantageously designed to receive the at least one switch-on probability and / or the at least one switch-off probability via the at least one interface. Advantageously, the microcontroller circuit is also designed to generate a control signal based on the at least one switch-on probability and / or the at least one switch-off probability. This control signal is advantageously transmitted to the at least one driver. In this case, the driver is advantageously designed to switch the at least one switching element as a function of the control signal generated. In particular, it is provided that the switching element is a transistor, preferably a MOSFET (MOSFET: metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor). In particular, it is also provided that the battery system includes a bus system, preferably a CAN bus (CAN: Controller Arial Network), via which the at least one switch-on probability and / or the at least one switch-off probability is transmitted to the battery cells, preferably centrally will.

[0034] The battery system advantageously includes a battery management system. The battery management system preferably includes the control unit. In particular, it is provided that a control unit of the battery management system, preferably the battery control unit (BCU), is designed to generate the at least one switch-on probability and / or the at least one switch-off probability. In particular, the actual output voltage and the target output voltage are supplied to the control unit. Depending on the difference between the target output voltage and the actual output voltage, the at least one input probability is advantageously generated from a switch-on probability function and / or the at least one output probability is generated from a switch-off probability function. The at least one switch-on probability and the at least one switch-off probability are advantageously the manipulated variables for controlling the output voltage.

[0035] Further advantageous details, features and design details of the invention are explained in more detail in connection with the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures. It shows:

[0036] figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a battery system according to the invention in a simplified schematic representation;

[0037] figure 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery system according to the invention in a simplified schematic representation;

[0038] figure 3 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a switch-on probability function for generating a switch-on probability and a switch-off probability function for generating a switch-off probability for a method according to the invention;

[0039] figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a switch-on probability function for generating a switch-on probability and a switch-off probability function for generating a switch-off probability for a method according to the invention;

[0040] figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a switch-on probability function for generating a switch-on probability and a switch-off probability function for generating a switch-off probability for a method according to the invention;

[0041] figure 6 shows a simplified representation of an exemplary embodiment of a positive switch-on probability function, a negative switch-on probability function, a positive switch-off probability function and a negative switch-off probability function for generating corresponding switch-on probabilities and switch-off probabilities for a method according to the invention; and

[0042] figure 7 in a simplified representation a further exemplary embodiment for a positive switch-on probability function, a negative switch-on probability function, a positive switch-off probability function and a negative switch-off probability function for generating corresponding switch-on probabilities and switch-off probabilities for a method according to the invention.

[0043] This in figure 1 battery system shown 1 includes a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells 2 , with only one battery cell for reasons of clarity 2 with one of the battery cells 2 associated control circuit 10 is shown. This arrangement of battery cell with control circuit is repeated several times, such as the puncturing in the battery string 6 of the battery system is shown symbolically.

[0044] The battery cells 2 are at the in figure 1 illustrated embodiment in a half-bridge configuration 7 via the battery string 6 the battery system 1 switchable or electrically bridgeable. This depends on the switch position of the switching element 14 away. The switching element 14is determined by that of the respective battery cell 2 associated control circuit 10 driven. The switching element 14 can be realized in particular by transistors. That of a battery cell 2 respective associated control circuit 10 includes an interface 11 , a microcontroller circuit 12 and a driver 13 .

[0045] The battery system 1 further comprises a control unit 16 , wherein advantageously the battery control unit of the battery system is designed as a control unit. the control unit 16 becomes the actual output voltage 3 of the battery system 1 supplied as an input variable. The control unit 16 is formed depending on the actual output voltage 3 and to generate a switch-on probability and a switch-off probability for the specified target output voltage. This switch-on probability and switch-off probability via a communication bus 15 of the battery system 1 to the control circuit 10 broadcast what in figure 1 symbolically by the arrow between the control unit 16 and the interface 11 is shown.

[0046] About the interface 11 The switch-on probability and the switch-off probability are sent to the microcontroller circuit 12 transfer. Advantageously, the microcontroller circuit 12 formed, one of the battery cell 2 to determine the associated figure of merit. In particular, battery cell parameters such as the battery cell voltage, the battery cell temperature and the state of charge of the battery cell are included in the determination of this quality factor. A good battery cell condition leads to a high quality factor, a poor battery cell condition to a low quality factor.

[0047] The microcontroller circuit 12 is also formed based on the received switch-on probability, the received switch-off probability and that of the battery cell 2 associated figure of merit to determine whether the battery cell 2 the battery system 1 is to be switched on or is to be bridged electrically. If the quality factor is high, this favors connection of the battery cell 2 to the battery system 1 . If the quality factor is low, this favors bridging of the battery cell 2 . The microcontroller circuit 12 transmits to bridge the battery cell 2 or to switch on the battery cell 2 to the battery system 1 a corresponding switching signal to the driver 13 , which then the switching element 14 switches.

[0048] figure 2 shows an advantageous embodiment variant of the figure 1 shown and in connection with figure 1 explained battery system 1 . The battery cells 2 of the battery system 1 are in contrast to the in figure 1 illustrated embodiment via a full bridge configuration 8 on the battery string 6 connected. The full bridge configuration 8 is in figure 2 shown schematically. Through the full bridge configuration 8 can the battery cells 2 advantageously either with negative polarity or with positive polarity the battery system 1 be switched on. In this case, battery cells with opposite polarity can advantageously be charged by the other battery cells, as a result of which autonomous cell balancing can advantageously be carried out. In addition, the battery cells 2 be bridged with negative polarity or bridged with positive polarity. The control unit 16 is advantageously designed to generate a positive switch-on probability, a negative switch-on probability, a positive switch-off probability and a negative switch-off probability.

[0049] According to an advantageous embodiment variant that is not shown, it can be provided that a number of battery cells of a battery system are connected to a battery string of the battery system in a half-bridge configuration and a further number of battery cells of this battery system are connected to a battery string of this battery system in a full-bridge configuration.

[0050] In figure 3 to figure 7, advantageous exemplary embodiments for switch-on probability functions and switch-off probability functions are shown in simplified x-y coordinate systems, from which switch-on probabilities or switch-off probabilities can be generated as part of the execution of a method according to the invention. The turn-on probability functions and turn-off probability functions are functions of ΔU, where ΔU is the difference between the target output voltage and the actual output voltage of a battery system. This means that each value ΔU has a concrete switch-on probability P EIN or a concrete switch-off probability P AUS assigned.

[0051] The switch-on probabilities P EIN or the switch-off probabilities P AUS are plotted on the y-axis, the values ​​for ΔU on the x-axis. It is provided in particular that values ​​for ΔU to the left of the y-axis are negative, ie the actual output voltage to the left of the y-axis is greater than the target output voltage.

[0052] figure 3 shows an advantageous exemplary embodiment for a switch-on probability function 4 and a switch-off probability function 5 , from which a switch-on probability or a switch-off probability is generated. The turn-on probability function 4 and the switch-off probability function 5 are functions of ΔU, where ΔU is the difference between the target output voltage and the actual output voltage of a battery system.

[0053] The turn-on probability function 4 and the switch-off probability function 5 are at the in figure 3 is symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry formed by the y-axis 17 , which goes through the point at which the target output voltage is equal to the actual output voltage. In particular, it is provided that the switch-on probability and the switch-off probability can each assume a value between “0” and “1”.

[0054] How out figure 3, the switch-on probability function and the switch-off probability function are linear functions in the exemplary embodiment. If the actual output voltage is lower than the target output voltage, i.e. ΔU is positive, the switch-on probability is P EIN large and the switch-off probability P AUS small. If, on the other hand, the actual output voltage is greater than the target output voltage, i.e. ΔU is negative, the switch-on probability is P EIN smaller than the switch-off probability P AUS .

[0055] figure 4 shows a further advantageous exemplary embodiment for a switch-on probability function 4 and a switch-off probability function 5 , which are not mirror-symmetrical to the axis 17 is trained.

[0056] figure 5 shows a further advantageous exemplary embodiment for a switch-on probability function 4 and a switch-off probability function 5 , whereby it is provided that the switch-on probability P EIN is equal to zero when the actual output voltage is greater than the target output voltage. In addition, it is provided that the initial probability P AUS is equal to zero when the actual output voltage is lower than the desired output voltage.

[0057] figure 6 and figure 7 show advantageous configurations for positive switch-on probability functions 18 , negative switch-on probability functions 19 , positive switch-off probability functions 20and negative turn-off probability functions 21 , which generate a positive switch-on probability P EIN , a negative switch-on probability P EIN , a positive switch-off probability P AUS and a negative switch-off probability P AUS can be used, in particular in a battery system in which battery cells are connected in a full-bridge configuration, such as in particular in connection with figure 2 explained. In particular, it is provided that the negative switch-on probability function has a switch-on probability P EIN with a negative sign and the negative switch-off probability function has a switch-off probability P AUS with a negative sign.

[0058] At the in figure 7 the switch-on probabilities P EIN and the switch-off probabilities P AUS from a certain value for ΔU to a maximum value 22 or a minimum value 23 limited.

[0059] The exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures and explained in connection with these serve to explain the invention and are not restrictive of it. QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

[0060] This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Patent Literature Cited

[0061] KR 2003-92464

[0005] KR 2007-66293

[0005] US2005 / 053092

[0005]

Claims

[1] Method for controlling the output voltage of a battery system ( 1 ) with a plurality of battery cells ( 2 ), which are electrically interconnected in such a way that battery cells ( 2 ) of the battery system ( 1 ) each to the battery system ( 1 ) can be switched on and electrically bridged, whereby an actual output voltage ( 3 ) of the battery system ( 1 ) at least one switching-on probability is generated at a target output voltage and the battery cells ( 1 ) with at least one generated switching-on probability to the battery system ( 1 ) be switched on, characterized by that to adjust the actual output voltage ( 3 ) of the battery system ( 1 ) at least one additional switch-off probability is generated at the target output voltage and the battery cells ( 1) with at least one generated switch-off probability, which can be electrically bridged. [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by that at least one switching-on probability is derived from a switching-on probability function ( 4 ) is generated and / or at least one switching-off probability is derived from a switching-off probability function ( 5 ) is generated, where the turn-on probability function ( 4 ) and the shutdown probability function ( 5 ) are functions that depend on the difference between the target output voltage and the actual output voltage. [3] Method according to claim 2, characterized by that the turn-on probability function ( 4 ) and the shutdown probability function ( 5 ) mirror-symmetric with respect to an axis of symmetry ( 17) are, which passes through the point where the target output voltage equals the actual output voltage. [4] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least one switching-on probability is equal to zero when the actual output voltage ( 3 ) is greater than the target output voltage and / or that at least one switching-off probability is equal to zero when the actual output voltage ( 3 ) is smaller than the target output voltage. [5] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by that to adjust the actual output voltage of the battery system ( 1) at a target output voltage, a switch-on probability and a switch-off probability are generated, where the switch-on probability is greater than the switch-off probability if the actual output voltage is less than the target output voltage, and where the switch-off probability is greater than the switch-on probability if the actual output voltage is greater than the target output voltage. [6] Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the switching on of the battery cells ( 2 ) to the battery system ( 1 ) for each battery cell ( 2 ) can be done either with positive polarity or with negative polarity, whereby the actual output voltage is adjusted ( 3 ) a positive switch-on probability is generated at the target output voltage and the battery cells ( 2) with the generated positive switch-on probability to the battery system ( 1 ) are switched on with positive polarity and / or a negative switching probability is generated and the battery cells ( 2 ) with the generated negative switch-on probability to the battery system ( 1 ) are switched on with negative polarity and / or a positive switch-off probability is generated and the battery cells ( 2 ) with positive polarity with the generated positive switch-off probability are electrically bridged and / or a negative switch-off probability is generated and the battery cells ( 2 ) with negative polarity with the generated negative switch-off probability can be electrically bridged. [7] Battery system ( 1 ) comprising a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells ( 2 ), a plurality of control circuits ( 10) and a control unit for regulating a flow through the battery cells ( 2 ) provided output voltage of the battery system ( 1 ), whereby the battery cells ( 2 ) each of the control circuits ( 10 ) is assigned and the battery cells ( 2 ) each by means of the control circuits ( 10 ) the battery system ( 1 ) can be switched on or electrically bridged, characterized by that the battery system ( 1 ) is trained to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 6. [8] Battery system ( 1 ) according to claim 7, characterized by that the battery system has at least one battery string ( 6 ) includes, wherein the battery cells ( 2 ) each in a half-bridge configuration ( 7 ) to a battery string ( 6 ) of the battery system ( 1 are connected. [9] Battery system ( 1) according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized by that the battery system has at least one battery string ( 6 ) includes, wherein the battery cells ( 2 ) each in a full bridge configuration ( 8 ) to a battery string ( 6 ) of the battery system ( 1 are connected. [10] Battery system ( 1 ) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by that the control circuits ( 10 ) each at least one switching element ( 14 ), at least one driver ( 13 ), at least one microcontroller circuit ( 12 ) and at least one interface ( 11 ) includes the microcontroller circuit ( 12 ) is trained, through which at least one interface ( 11 ) to receive at least one turn-on probability and / or at least one turn-off probability and to generate a control signal based on this, and wherein the driver (13 ) is designed, depending on the generated control signal, to include at least one switching element ( 14 ) to switch.

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