Rotor for a permanent magnet excited transverse flux machine

Abstract

Rotor (11) for a permanent magnet excited transverse flux machine, comprising a matrix disk (10) with a rotational axis (14) and a plurality of circumferentially arranged and spaced-apart openings (13) around the rotational axis (14); a plurality of magnets (15) arranged and spaced-apart around the rotational axis (14); and a plurality of flux guide elements (16) made of ferromagnetic material, arranged between the magnets (15), wherein the magnets (15) and / or the flux guide elements (16) are each designed to be pluggable in two parts, wherein the matrix disk (10) is arranged between the two pluggable parts (17, 19) and the plugged-in magnet (15) or the plugged-in flux guide element (16) extends through one of the openings (13).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a rotor for a permanent magnet excited transverse flux machine, a transverse flux machine with such a rotor, and a motor vehicle with such a transverse flux machine.

[0002] Transverse flux machines are characterized by a compact design combined with high power density. Fig. Figure 1 illustrates the operating principle of a transverse flux machine. The magnetic flux 1 of transverse flux machines extends essentially perpendicular to the direction of rotation 2 of the rotor. In permanent magnet transverse flux machines, a plurality of permanent magnets 3, 4 are provided in the rotor of the machine. The poles 3 are configured as north poles and the poles 4 as south poles. Thus, adjacent poles are identical, as indicated by reference numeral 5. The rotor is driven by a current supply to corresponding coil windings of a stator, which is arranged adjacent to the rotor.

[0003] Various designs of rotors for electric machines are known from the prior art. DE 10 2010 039 123 A1 discloses a rotor having a rotor disk along whose circumference a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged. The rotor disk is an injection-molded plastic body in which the permanent magnets are embedded. AT 13 246 U1 discloses a rotor whose rotor disk has pockets on both axial surfaces, into which magnets are inserted.

[0004] However, the increasing importance of electric drives in motor vehicles creates a need for a lightweight rotor, as the electric drives of future vehicles are subject to high rotational speeds during load changes. Furthermore, it should be cost-effective to manufacture in series production.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotor for a permanent magnet excited transverse flux machine that is lightweight, cost-effective, and mass-producible. This object is achieved by a rotor according to claim 1, a transverse flux machine according to claim 9, and a motor vehicle according to claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the invention, a rotor for a permanent magnet excited transverse flux machine, in particular for the electric drive of a hybrid or electric vehicle, is comprised of a matrix disk with an axis of rotation and a plurality of openings arranged circumferentially around the axis of rotation and spaced apart from one another; a plurality of magnets arranged around the axis of rotation and spaced apart from one another; and a plurality of flux guide elements made of ferromagnetic material, which are arranged between the magnets, wherein the magnets and / or the flux guide elements are each designed to be pluggable in two parts, wherein the matrix disk is arranged between the two pluggable parts and the plugged-in magnet or the plugged-in flux guide element extends through one of the openings.The advantage of this embodiment is that the magnets and flux guide elements are precisely fixed in both radial and circumferential directions by the matrix disks. These elements are either fixed directly by the matrix disk or indirectly by elements directly attached to the matrix disk. Preferably, the magnets are two-part and pluggable, so that they are attached directly to the matrix disk and thus precisely fixed, while the flux guide elements are arranged between adjacent magnets and thus precisely positioned relative to the matrix disk via the magnets. However, it is also possible for only the flux guide elements, or both the magnets and the flux guide elements, to be directly attached to the matrix disk. Overall, this embodiment offers a simple design that is suitable for series production.

[0007] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the two pluggable parts comprise a first part provided with a plug-in section and a second part provided with a socket section, wherein the plug-in section can be plugged into the socket section, so that the two parts are pluggable. This pluggability provides a simple and mass-producible method of attachment to the matrix disk.

[0008] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the plug-in section extends from one side of the matrix disk through one of the openings, and the socket section is plugged onto the plug-in section on the other side of the matrix disk.

[0009] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the magnets are designed in two parts and are pluggable, and the flux guide elements are designed in one part and are not pluggable, wherein the flux guide elements are each arranged between two circumferentially adjacent magnets, or the flux guide elements are designed in two parts and are pluggable, and the magnets are designed in one part and are not pluggable, wherein the magnets are each arranged between two circumferentially adjacent flux guide elements.

[0010] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the non-pluggable magnets or the non-pluggable flux guide elements are arranged in pairs, with the matrix disk dividing each pair.

[0011] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rotor also has a circumferential ring element that surrounds the magnets and flux guide elements on their radially outwardly facing sides. The circumferential ring element holds the non-pluggable magnets or flux guide elements in their position by simple means and additionally stabilizes the magnets and flux guide elements that are directly attached to the matrix disk.

[0012] In particular, the circumferential ring element features ring-shaped continuous carbon fibers.

[0013] According to a further embodiment, the rotor has axial disks which are provided on the axially outwardly facing sides of the matrix disk and whose radially outwardly facing surfaces touch the radially inwardly facing surfaces of the magnets and / or the flux guide elements.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention provides a transverse flux machine with such a rotor and a motor vehicle with such a transverse flux machine.

[0015] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings illustrate the following: Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a functional principle of a transverse flux machine; Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional representation of a matrix disk of the rotor according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a two-part, pluggable magnet or flux guide element; Fig. Figure 4 is a three-dimensional representation of a matrix disk with magnetic halves inserted from one side; Fig. Figure 5 is a three-dimensional representation of the matrix disk made up of Fig. 4 with attached two-part magnets; Fig. Figure 6 is a three-dimensional representation of a rotor according to the embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 7 a side view of the rotor.

[0016] Fig. Figure 2 is a three-dimensional representation of a matrix disk 10 of a rotor 11 according to an embodiment of the invention. The assembled rotor 11 is in the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shown. The rotor 11 is the rotor of a transverse flux machine in which the rotor 11 is driven by a current supply to corresponding coil windings of a stator (not shown), which is adjacent to the rotor 11 is arranged or the rotor 11 surrounds in a ring-like fashion. Preferably, the transverse flux machine serves to drive a hybrid or electric vehicle.

[0017] The matrix disk 10 has the form of a disk with a circular outer circumference and a concentric, central, and also circular wave opening 12. In the matrix disk 10 are openings 13 formed (only some are marked with a reference numeral) which are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction at, preferably uniform intervals, about an axis of rotation 14 are arranged. The axis of rotation 14 contains the center point of the matrix disk 10 and runs perpendicular to the matrix disk 10 In the operation of the transverse flux machine, the matrix disk rotates. 10 and the rotor 11 around the axis of rotation 14 The openings 13 They preferably all have the same distance to the axis of rotation 14 The preferred shape of the openings 13 is such that they are elongated along the radial direction (with respect to the axis of rotation). 14) run. More precisely, the openings 13 two side flanks that run parallel to each other and between which a radial line (with respect to the axis of rotation) runs in the middle 14 ) runs along the edge. The ends of these side flanks are connected by semicircular sections that curve outwards (with respect to the side flanks). Of course, the openings can also have any other suitable shape, although an elongated shape is preferred so that the magnets or flux guide elements inserted later cannot rotate but are precisely positioned. The openings 13 are closed all around within a plane spanned by the matrix disk 10. The openings penetrate in an axial direction. 13 the matrix disk 10The matrix disc 10, for example, is made of aluminum, steel, or a carbon fiber composite material (for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic in which carbon fibers are embedded in a plastic or epoxy resin matrix). The matrix disc 10 Depending on the material, it can be, for example, stamped out or, in the case of carbon fiber, shaped accordingly.

[0018] Fig. Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a two-part, pluggable magnet. 15 or a flux-guiding element. According to the invention, the magnets are preferably 15 , as in Fig. 3 is shown as a two-part, interlocking design. However, instead of the magnets, 15 , the flow control elements 16 , as in Fig. 3 shown and described below, can be designed in two parts and be pluggable. Furthermore, both the magnets can 15 as well as the flow control elements16 It should be designed in two parts and be pluggable. The following figures and the accompanying description describe the case where only the magnets are used. 15 They are designed in two parts and are pluggable.

[0019] As in Fig. As shown in section 3, the magnets 15 (and / or the flow control elements) a first part 17 , which has a plug-in section 18 is provided with, and a second part 19 , which has a socket section 20 is provided, on. The plug section 18 is precisely fitted or press-fitted into the bushing section 20 Pluggable. Preferably, one longitudinal dimension (along the plugging direction) of the second part 19 corresponds to the longitudinal dimension of the first part. 17 without its plug section 18.

[0020] Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional representation of the matrix disk 10with magnet halves inserted from one side. More precisely, the first 17 parts of the magnets are each. 15 , more precisely the plug-in sections 18 , into the openings 13 of the matrix disk 10 plugged in. The plug sections 18 have one of the openings 13 corresponding cross-section (perpendicular to the axial direction of the axis of rotation) 14 ). With the first parts plugged in 17 The end sections of the plug sections are located there. 18 on the opposite side of the matrix disk 10 via the matrix disk 10 The first and second parts 19 are then attached to these protruding end sections. For example, the first and second parts can be joined by means of an interference fit, or by means of an adhesive bond, a weld, or similar.

[0021] Fig. Figure 5 is a three-dimensional representation of the matrix disk made up of Fig. 4 with the attached two-part magnets 15 The number of magnets, 15, corresponds to the number of openings. 13 agree. The magnets 15 are on both sides of the matrix disk 10 , in the fully nested state, to have the same dimension from the matrix disk 10 The magnets are preferably 15 wedge-shaped, i.e., one dimension of the magnets 15 The magnet's size decreases continuously along a circumferential direction and radially inward in a specific direction. This applies to the radially inward and radially outward-facing sides of the magnets. 15 They are all flat. Given the large number of magnets... 15 It is true that any two magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction 15 with their sides facing each other forming the same pole (North Pole, South Pole).

[0022] Fig. Figure 6 is a three-dimensional representation of the assembled rotor.11 according to the embodiment of the invention. As in Fig. As shown in section 6, a connection is made between two adjacent magnets. 15 A pair of flow guide elements 16 (only some are marked with a reference symbol) is inserted. This involves inserting a pair of flow guide elements. 16 through the matrix disk located between this pair 10 divided. Opposite sides of a single flow guide element touch. 16 the two adjacent magnets 15 A length (in the radial direction of the rotor) 11 ) of the flow guide elements 16 corresponds essentially to a length (in the radial direction of the rotor) 11 ) the magnets 15 The flow control elements 16 are preferably wedge-shaped, i.e., one dimension of the flow-guiding elements 16 The flow guide elements decrease continuously along a circumferential direction and radially inwards. 16They are made of ferromagnetic material, for example, an iron powder composite. If the flux guide elements are designed in two parts instead of magnets, then the magnets are inserted between two adjacent flux guide elements, analogous to the previous description.

[0023] Furthermore, it shows Fig. 6 an axial disk 21 The rotor 11 has a total of two axial disks 21 on, each on the axially outward-facing sides of the matrix disk 10 are provided and preferably touch these. These to the matrix disk 10 The facing sides of the matrix disk 10 are flat. A radially outward-facing surface of the axial disks 21 surrounds the axis of rotation 14 circular and touches the radially inward-facing surfaces of the magnets 15 and / or the flow control elements 16A central shaft opening of the axial disk corresponds to the shaft opening 12 the matrix disk and serves to accommodate a rotor shaft.

[0024] Fig. Figure 7 shows a side view of the rotor. Fig. 6 additionally with a circumferential ring element 23. As can be seen, the axial disks are 21 on both sides of the matrix disk 10 attached. The circumferential ring element 23 surrounds the matrix disk 10 such that an axially inward-facing side of the circumferential ring element aligns with axially outward-facing sides of the magnets. 15 and the flow control elements 16 touched. The circumferential ring element 23 It could be, for example, a single, continuous ring or two half-rings. For instance, the ring or half-rings might have a rectangular cross-section (the cutting plane contains the axis of rotation). 14If two half-rings are used as the circumferential ring element 23, these must be joined together after installation (for example, welded together) or bandaged as explained below. Is the circumferential ring element 23 Formed as a ring, it can be pressed on axially. The circumferential ring element 23 can be wrapped (bandaged) on its radially outward-facing side, for example with carbon fibers. One or more carbon fibers or a bundle of carbon fibers can be wound around the outer circumference. Due to the increased friction with each winding, light fixation of the strand end with adhesive is sufficient. Alternatively, continuous ring-shaped carbon fibers could be applied to the circumferential ring element. 23postponed. In addition to these measures, the rotor 11 could be encased, at least on its radial outer surfaces where the magnets 15 are located, or entirely, with adhesive, resin or the like, which could further contribute to its stability.

[0025] While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and the preceding description, this illustration and description is to be understood as illustrative or exemplary and not as limiting, and it is not intended to limit the invention to the disclosed embodiments. The mere fact that certain features are mentioned in various dependent claims is not intended to imply that a combination of these features could not also be advantageously used. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 102010039123 A1

[0003] AT 13246 U1

[0003]

Claims

[1] Rotor (11) for a permanent magnet excited transverse flux machine, in particular for the electric drive of a hybrid or electric vehicle, with a matrix disk (10) with an axis of rotation (14) and a plurality of openings (13) arranged circumferentially around the axis of rotation (14) and spaced apart from one another; a plurality of magnets (15) arranged around the axis of rotation (14) and spaced apart from each other, and a plurality of flux guide elements (16) made of ferromagnetic material, arranged between the magnets (15), wherein the magnets (15) and / or the flux guide elements (16) are each designed to be pluggable in two parts, wherein the matrix disk (10) is arranged between the two pluggable parts (17, 19) and the plugged-in magnet (15) or the plugged-in flux guide element (16) extends through one of the openings (13). [2] Rotor (11) according to claim 1, wherein the two pluggable parts (17, 19) comprise a first part (17) provided with a plug section (18) and a second part (19) provided with a socket section (20), wherein the plug section (18) is pluggable into the socket section (20) so that the two parts (17, 19) are pluggable. [3] Rotor (11) according to claim 2, wherein the plug-in section (18) extends from one side of the matrix disk (10) through one of the openings (13) and the socket section (20) is plugged onto the plug-in section (18) on the other side of the matrix disk (10). [4] Rotor (11) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the magnets (15) are designed in two parts and are pluggable and the flux guide elements (16) are designed in one part and are not pluggable, wherein the flux guide elements (16) are each arranged between two circumferentially adjacent magnets (15), or the flux guide elements are designed in two parts and are pluggable and the magnets are designed in one part and are not pluggable, wherein the magnets are each arranged between two circumferentially adjacent flux guide elements. [5] Rotor (11) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-pluggable magnets or the non-pluggable flux guide elements (16) are arranged in pairs, the matrix disk (10) dividing each pair. [6] Rotor (11) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a circumferential ring element (23) that surrounds the magnets (15) and flux guide elements (16) on their radially outwardly facing sides. [7] Rotor (11) according to claim 6, wherein the circumferential ring element (23) comprises ring-shaped continuous carbon fibers. [8] Rotor (11) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising axial disks (21) which are provided on the axially outwardly facing sides of the matrix disk (10) and whose radially outwardly facing surfaces contact the radially inwardly facing surfaces of the magnets (15) and / or the flux guide elements (16). [9] Transverse flux machine comprising a rotor (11) according to any one of the preceding claims. [10] Motor vehicle with a transverse flux engine according to claim 9.

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