Rotating fuel injector assembly

Abstract

Rotating fuel injector assembly (10) comprising: a base (12) having a fuel inlet (30) and a fuel outlet (32); an internal tip (14) operationally configured to move between an extended closed position relative to the base (12) and a retracted open position relative to the base (12); a central coaxial tip (16) having an opening (20) defined in a lower region (22) of the central coaxial tip (16), the opening (20) being in contact with the internal tip (14) when the internal tip (14) is in the extended closed position, the central coaxial tip (16) being attached to the base (12);and an external coaxial tip (18) configured to rotate relative to the base (12), the external coaxial tip (18) having a plurality of apertures (24), each aperture in the plurality of apertures (24) being configured to be aligned with the opening (20) of the central coaxial tip (16); wherein the internal tip (14) is partially arranged within the central coaxial tip (16), and the central coaxial tip (16) is at least partially arranged within the external coaxial tip (18), characterized in that the external coaxial tip (18) is configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position relative to the base (12).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fuel injector arrangement for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fuel injector assembly is designed to be inserted into an opening in a housing part to form part of the fuel injection system. The fuel injector assembly, or fuel injection system, can be used in an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel or gasoline engine, and the engine can be used in any other vehicle or machine, such as a passenger car, motorcycle, truck, bus, construction equipment, or stationary power plant units.

[0003] Fuel injectors are used to supply fuel to the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. According to one engine concept example, a fuel distribution channel (a fuel gallery or rail) is arranged transversely through a housing to supply fuel to a plurality of fuel injectors. Each fuel injector includes an internal fuel channel arrangement extending between an opening into the fuel gallery and an opening into the injector tip, which forms a spray pattern. Within the fuel injector, the injection timing can be controlled mechanically and / or electrically / electronically: for example, via a plunger, a magnetic actuator, or a piezoelectric actuator.

[0004] When fuel is injected into a cylinder's combustion chamber, the combustion of the fuel results in high gas pressure. This pressure exerts a force on the injector tip and upwards to a contact area between the fuel injector and an injector sleeve and / or a housing part that accommodates the fuel injector. The contact area between the fuel injector and the injector sleeve / housing part is created and maintained by the clamping force of the injector yoke, which counteracts the force generated by the gas pressure.

[0005] In the fields of diesel and direct-injection gasoline engines, a common-rail fuel injection system is known to have an advantageous effect on the pulverization of the fuel jet and high-pressure injection. Generally, the common-rail fuel injection system has a common rail (storage chamber) for temporarily storing fuel that has been pressurized by a high-pressure pump. This fuel is injected into the cylinders (or combustion chambers) of an engine by an injector at a predetermined time within a specified period.

[0006] The fuel injector generally has a multitude of injection orifices (fuel jet outlets) at its lower end, which are opened and closed by a needle valve that moves up and down inside the injector body (nozzle body). A spring is also housed within the injector body to hold the needle valve in a closing (downward) direction. The needle valve is immersed in the high-pressure fuel (i.e., the needle valve would float in the fuel bath if no downward force were acting upon it), and a downward spring force is applied to the needle valve such that its lower end is forced to make contact with a valve seat, thereby closing the injection orifices of the injector.A downward fuel pressure applied to the upper end of the needle valve is controlled by a pressure control chamber (equalization chamber). By allowing a suitable amount of high-pressure fuel to escape from the pressure control chamber, the pressure equalization relative to the needle valve is lost, causing the needle valve to move upwards and thus opening the injection ports.

[0007] The needle valve is inserted into a hole or bore in the nozzle body of the injector, allowing it to move up and down. The high-pressure fuel, supplied from the common rail, flows through a cylindrical space between the nozzle body hole and the needle valve, reaching the injection orifices of the injector.

[0008] Accordingly, there is a need to better distribute the fuel emitted from the fuel injector in order to achieve a better efficiency. SUMMARY

[0009] Accordingly, the present disclosure provides for a rotating fuel injector nozzle that distributes the fuel more effectively in the fuel chamber, allowing the resulting flame to develop and spread in order to optimize the fuel mass flow rate and the direction and shape of the combustion flame, thereby controlling and optimizing fuel consumption for an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, NOx, CO2, oxidation, and soot emissions are also optimized during specific engine operating times or for each key operating point (revolutions per minute RPM and mean effective brake pressure BMEP) for an internal combustion engine (ICE).

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a rotating fuel injector assembly for a vehicle engine may comprise a base, an internal tip, a central coaxial tip, and an external coaxial tip. The internal tip may be configured to move between an extended closed position and a retracted open position relative to the base. The central coaxial tip may include an opening defined in a lower region of the central coaxial tip or in another region of the central coaxial tip. The opening rests against the internal tip when the internal tip is in the extended closed position. The external coaxial tip may move between the extended position and a retracted position relative to the base.The external coaxial tip also includes a plurality of apertures, wherein each aperture in the plurality of apertures can align with an opening in the central coaxial tip to provide a fluid path to the combustion chamber. It is understood that the internal tip can be located at least partially within the central coaxial tip, and the central coaxial tip can also be located at least partially within the external coaxial tip.

[0011] In a further aspect of the present disclosure, the rotating fuel injector assembly of the present disclosure may comprise a base, an internal tip, a middle coaxial tip, and an external coaxial tip. The base is fixed and includes a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet attached to the base. The internal tip may be operationally configured to move between an extended closed position relative to the base and a retracted open position relative to the base. The middle coaxial tip further defines an opening in a lower region of the middle coaxial tip. The opening rests against the inner tip when the inner tip is in the extended closed position, so that fuel does not escape from the fuel injector when the internal tip is in the extended closed position.It is further understood that the central coaxial tip is attached to the base but rotates relative to the base. The external coaxial tip can be configured to rotate relative to the base and to move between an extended position and a retracted position relative to the base. The external coaxial tip further defines a plurality of apertures, wherein each aperture in the plurality of apertures can be configured to align with the opening of the central coaxial tip. It is also understood that the internal tip can be arranged at least partially within the central coaxial tip, and the central coaxial tip can be arranged at least partially within the external coaxial tip.

[0012] The rotating fuel injector assembly can, as described above, further include first, second, third, and fourth actuators, wherein the fourth actuator can trigger the internal tip to move between the extended closed position and the retracted open position. It should also be noted that the external coaxial tip is configured to move between the retracted and extended positions by means of an internal fluid pressure, wherein the internal fluid pressure can be applied to a third actuator, and the incoming fuel flow from the base fuel inlet can be partially or completely closed while the base fuel can pass through the outlet.It is understood that the extension and retraction of the external coaxial tip is performed to align the selected aperture of the external coaxial tip with the opening of the central coaxial tip. The fluid pressure that causes the extension, rotation, and retraction of the external coaxial tip is generated by the fuel inlet of the base.

[0013] Before the fuel is ejected from the rotating fuel injector assembly, the external coaxial tip can be rotated about a vertical axis to align with the central coaxial tip. As such, the opening in the central coaxial tip can be aligned with a selected aperture within the plurality of apertures, while the internal tip is in the extended closed position. The plurality of apertures of the external tips have axes oriented to permit several different curved flow directions of the fuel jet from the injector, such that the injection described in this disclosure is therefore not limited to the radial direction of injection.

[0014] Once the opening and aperture are aligned, the rotating fuel injector assembly can distribute fuel in two ways: (1) fixed linear injection with a selected flow / injection angle relative to the radial direction (or "fixed injection mode"), or (2) rotating curved injection (or "rotating injection mode"). When the fixed curved injection mode is implemented, the projection, rotation, and retraction of the external coaxial tip selects the aperture (with a precise fuel flow angle relative to the radial direction) of the external coaxial tip, wherein the aperture is aligned with the opening of the central coaxial tip. The possible rotation is equivalent to one or more of the available aperture axis angles; it is also possible to select a partial alignment to modify the aperture section.The external coaxial tip is designed to be rotatably mounted via a first actuator and a second actuator (generally clockwise rotation CW or counterclockwise rotation CCW), and the projection and retraction movements are controlled by the third actuator. The actuator fluid pressures can cause the extended movement (projection), rotation, and retraction of the external coaxial tip and can be part of the fuel fluid pressure that moves fuel from the base fuel inlet to bypass the fuel outlet. During aperture selection and alignment, the internal tip is not retracted. It is understood that if the internal tip is not retracted, the fuel jet cannot pass through the fuel inlet apertures and enter the combustion chamber.After selecting the aperture orientation, the fourth actuator retracts the internal tip to the open position, and the curved fuel jet exits the aperture through the external coaxial tip with the fuel flow angle in the radial direction. It is also self-evident that when the internal tip is in the retracted open position, a fuel flow can pass from the fuel inlet through the aperture and opening and out to the combustion chamber. When the rotating injection mode is implemented, the central and external coaxial tips (with the opening and aperture orientations that generate a fuel flow angle – as described above) rotate together via a first and a second actuator (clockwise or counterclockwise) while the internal tip remains in the retracted open position.Therefore, a curved fuel flow emerges from the aperture of the external coaxial tip in the rotating injection mode when the intermediate and external coaxial tips rotate together. The curved fuel flow can be arranged at a fuel flow rotation angle, with the angular velocity / acceleration controlled by first and second actuators.

[0015] It is self-evident that the internal fluid pressure, through the rotation of the external coaxial tip and / or the center coaxial tip, causes each component to rotate. This internal fluid pressure is generated by an incoming fuel flow from the fuel inlet with a closed fuel outlet. The first and second actuators apply (and regulate) the internal fluid pressure to the center and external coaxial tips, respectively. When the rotating fuel injection assembly is in a fixed injection mode, the linear fuel flow exits the aperture of the external coaxial tip at a fuel flow angle determined by the alignment of an aperture axis and an opening axis.When the rotating fuel injector assembly is in a rotating injection mode, a curved fuel flow emerges from the aperture of the external coaxial tip at a fuel flow rotation angle. Therefore, as the external and center coaxial tips rotate, the rotating tips create a curved fuel jet.

[0016] It is understood that the first, second, and third actuators are controlled by (or connected to) a motor control module configured to adjust the internal fluid pressure to permit the movement of the middle and external coaxial tips: the first and second actuators to align the external coaxial tip so that the selected aperture is aligned with the opening in the middle coaxial tip; the third actuator to extend and / or retract the external coaxial tip. Accordingly, the first and second actuators may be configured to rotate only the external or both the external and internal coaxial tips by adjusting the applied internal fluid pressure. The third actuator may be configured to extend and / or retract the external coaxial tip by adjusting the applied internal fluid pressure.

[0017] The central and / or internal coaxial tip rotates relative to the base via the internal fluid pressure applied to the inner surface of at least one of the internal pressure channels defined by the central and / or external coaxial tip. The fluid exerts the internal pressure on the rotating pressure channel, extending the channel and causing rotation. To activate clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) rotations, different internal fluid pressures can be applied to at least two rotatable pressure channels defined by the central and / or external coaxial tip. The rotation ceases when the internal fluid pressure in each pressure channel reaches a new equilibrium.

[0018] The fuel inlet and outlet are connected to the engine control module to generate internal fluid pressure or negative internal fluid pressure. The external coaxial tip is also designed to move from the extended position to the retracted position when negative fluid pressure is generated in a zone within the external coaxial tip. When internal fluid pressure or negative internal fluid pressure is generated, the fluid inlet and outlet are connected to the engine control module.

[0019] In a further embodiment of the present disclosure, a rotating fuel injector assembly comprises a base, a first / second, third, and fourth actuator, an internal tip, a middle coaxial tip, and an external coaxial tip. The base defines a plurality of fuel passages and has a fuel outlet and a fuel inlet.

[0020] The first, second, third, and fourth actuators can be mounted on the base and can be connected to an engine control module along with the fuel inlet and outlet. The internal tip can be configured to move between an extended closed position and a retracted open position relative to the base along a vertical axis. The internal tip can be triggered by the second actuator, which is connected to an engine control module. When the internal tip moves to a retracted open position, a flow of fuel from the fuel inlet is directed to the aligned apertures of the central and external coaxial tips for injection into the combustion chamber.The central coaxial tip can be attached to the base and can rotate relative to the base around the vertical axis of the fuel injector, defining an opening in a lower region of the central coaxial tip. This opening can be covered and closed by the internal tip when the internal tip is in the extended position, thus preventing any fuel flow into the combustion chamber.

[0021] The external coaxial tip may be configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position relative to the base and to rotate about the vertical fuel injector axis. The external coaxial tip may include a plurality of apertures. Each aperture in the plurality of apertures is configured to be aligned with the opening defined in the central coaxial tip. Each aperture in the plurality of apertures has a unique axial angle and a unique angle with respect to the radial direction. The central coaxial tip and the external coaxial tip may be configured to rotate about the vertical axis via the first and second actuators.The fuel inlet can be configured to provide an inflowing fuel stream while the fuel bypass outlet is open, and the fuel bypass outlet is closed to generate internal fluid pressure. The central coaxial tip can rotate about its vertical axis when the internal fluid pressure is applied to an internal pressure channel defined by the central coaxial tip. The fluid applies pressure to the channel between the central coaxial tip and the base, opening the channel and thus pressing on the inner surface of the central coaxial tip to rotate it.

[0022] Similarly, the external coaxial tip rotates around its vertical axis when internal fluid pressure is applied to a rotating pressure channel defined by the external coaxial tip. At least either the first or the second actuator can apply the internal fluid pressure to the rotating pressure channel. The first, second, third, and fourth actuators—the fuel outlet and fuel inlet—work together via the engine control module to adjust internal fluid pressures applied to the external coaxial tip and the center coaxial tip.

[0023] The rotation and extension / retraction of the external tip relative to the base is necessary to select the aperture to be aligned with the central tip hole, and is performed during the internal combustion phase, thus "syncopated" to the combustion event in the combustion chamber. The rotation of the central and external tips is performed during the combustion phase (rotating cam injection or "rotating injection mode"), thus "downbeat" with the combustion event in the combustion chamber.

[0024] The present disclosure and its special properties and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. List of characters

[0025] These and other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, best mode, claims and accompanying drawings: Fig. Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rotating fuel injector of the present disclosure when the rotating fuel injector is closed. Fig. Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rotating fuel injector of the present invention when the external tip of the rotating fuel injector is in the extended position and is rotating to select the aperture, while the rotating fuel injector is no longer injecting fuel. Fig. Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rotating fuel injector of the present disclosure, when the rotating fuel injector injects fuel into the combustion chamber after the antagonist has syncopated the twisted rotation - syncopated relative to the combustion event in the combustion chamber. Fig. Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rotating fuel injector of the present disclosure, where the rotating fuel injector not only rotates the fuel but also injects it into the combustion chamber in a downbeat rotating rotation (downbeat with the combustion event in the combustion chamber). Fig. Figure 5A illustrates a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present disclosure when the rotating fuel injector is closed and does not rotate. Fig. Figure 5B illustrates a cross-section of the rotating fuel injector nozzle in Fig. 5A along line BB. Fig. Figure 6 is a partially isometric schematic view of the external coaxial tip. Fig. 1. Fig. Figure 7A is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a stationary injection module, wherein the assembly is in a closed position, the opening not being aligned with an aperture or with a preceding injector operating at the specified aperture. Fig. Figure 7B is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a fixed injection mode, with the external coaxial tip extended and rotating to align a selected aperture (flow / injection direction) with an opening in the central coaxial tip during the twisted direction syncopated by the antagonist. In Fig. 7C is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a fixed injection mode, wherein the selected aperture (flow / spray direction) is aligned with the opening in the central coaxial tip, but the internal tip is in the extended closed position and the injector terminates in the twisted direction syncopated from the antagonist. Fig. 7D is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a stationary injection mode, wherein fuel is injected from the assembly during rotation with the in Fig. 7B is the selected current / injection direction. Fig. 7E is a partially perspective view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a fixed injection mode, wherein the fuel is injected from the assembly into a linear stream (fuel injection following the twisted tip rotation syncopated by the antagonist). Fig. Figure 8A is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a rotating injection mode, wherein the assembly is in a closed position and the opening is not aligned with an aperture or with a preceding injector operating at the specified aperture. Fig. Figure 8B is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a rotating injection mode, with the external coaxial tip extended and rotating to align a selected aperture with an opening in the central coaxial tip. Fig. Figure 8C is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a rotating injection mode, with the selected aperture aligned with the opening in the central coaxial tip, although the internal tip is in the extended closed position. Fig. 8D is a cross-sectional view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a rotating injection mode, with fuel being injected from the assembly while the external and center coaxial tips rotate together. Fig. 8E is a partially perspective view of a rotating fuel injector assembly in a rotating injection mode, with the fuel being injected from the assembly with a curved flow trajectory. Fig. 8F is a top view of the rotating fuel flow at a fuel flow rotation angle at a given angular velocity - Downbeat rotating injection. Fig. Figure 9 is a partially extended schematic perspective view of the rotating fuel injector assembly along the line 5A - 5A in Fig. 1, which indicates pressure channels that are defined in both the external and the middle coaxial tip.

[0026] Identical reference numbers refer to identical parts in the description of the different views of the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Reference is now made in detail to currently preferred compositions, embodiments, and methods of the present disclosure, which represent the best ways of carrying out the present disclosure known to the inventors at present. The figures are not necessarily to scale. It is understood, however, that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the present disclosure, which can be carried out in various and alternative forms. Therefore, the specific details disclosed herein are not to be understood as limitations, but merely as a representative basis for any aspect of the present disclosure and / or serve only as a representative basis to convey to those skilled in the art the various possible applications.

[0028] Except as provided in the examples or where expressly stated, all numerical references to material quantities or reaction and / or usage conditions in this description are to be understood as modified by the addition of "approximately" to describe the broadest possible scope of the present disclosure. Execution within the specified numerical limits is generally preferred.Furthermore, unless expressly stated otherwise: percentages, "parts of," and ratios by weight; where a group or class of materials is described as suitable or preferred for a particular purpose in connection with the present disclosure, this means that mixtures of two or more members of the group or class are equally suitable or preferred; the first definition of an acronym or other abbreviation applies to all subsequent uses of the same abbreviation and applies accordingly to normal grammatical variations of the abbreviation initially defined. And unless expressly stated otherwise, the measurement of a property is measured by the same technique as specified before or after for the same property.

[0029] It is further understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments and methods described below, since certain components and / or conditions may naturally vary. Furthermore, the terminology used herein serves only to describe different embodiments of this disclosure and is in no way to be understood as limiting.

[0030] It is further noted that, as used in the specification and the attached claims, the singular forms "ein / e" and "der / die / das" also include plural references, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, a singular reference to a component is intended to encompass a multitude of components.

[0031] The term "comprehensive" is synonymous with "including," "exhibiting," "containing," or "characterized by." These terms are to be interpreted inclusively and broadly, and do not exclude additional unspecified elements or procedural steps.

[0032] The phrase "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or component not specified in the claim. If this phrase appears in a section of the main body of a claim, rather than immediately following the introduction, it limits only the element described in that section; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0033] The phrase “essentially consisting of” limits the scope of a claim to the specified materials or steps, plus those which do not substantially affect the basic and novel feature(s) of the claimed subject matter.

[0034] The terms “comprising”, “consisting of”, and “essentially consisting of” may be used interchangeably. Where one of these three terms is used, the subject matter disclosed and claimed herein may include the use of one of the other two terms.

[0035] Disclosures in the publications referenced in this application shall be deemed to be incorporated in full by reference into this application in order to more accurately describe the prior art to which this present disclosure relates.

[0036] The following detailed description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the present disclosure or its applications or uses. Furthermore, there is no obligation to restrict the disclosure to any of the theories presented in the preceding background or in the following detailed description.

[0037] With reference to Fig. Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, a rotating fuel injection nozzle assembly can be 10 the present invention a basis 12 , an internal top 14 , a mean coaxial tip 16 and an external coaxial tip 18 include the basis 12 includes a fuel inlet 30 , a fuel leak 32 (to supply the bypass circuit with fuel - not shown). The fuel inlet 30 and the fuel leak 32 are at the base 12 attached. The internal tip 14 can be designed operationally to switch between an extended and closed position (in Fig. 1 shown) relative to the base 12 and an entrenched open position (in Fig. 3 shown) relative to the base 12 to move. The central coaxial tip 16 further defines an opening 20 in a lower area 22 the central coaxial tip 16 The opening 20 is at the internal top 14 on (or is blocked by) when the internal tip 14 is in the extended closed position (in Fig. (shown in Figure 1), so that the fuel cannot leave the fuel injector assembly to escape through the opening. 20 and the aligned / selected aperture 27 into the combustion chamber 28 to reach when the internal tip 14 is in the extended closed position.

[0038] It is further understood that the central coaxial tip 16 to the base 12 is attached, but relative to the base 12through one or more storage 37 or the Hertzian contact surface rotates. The external coaxial tip 18 can be designed operationally, relative to the base 12 and relative to the mean coaxial tip 16 through one or more storage areas 47 to rotate itself and / or the Hertzian contact surface. The external coaxial tip 18 is designed to move between an extended position (in Fig. 2 shown) and a retracted position ( Fig. 1 shown), relative to the mean coaxial tip 16 and the base 12 to move. The external coaxial tip 18 further defines a variety of apertures 24 (in Fig. 6 shown), wherein each aperture 26 (in Fig. 6 shown) in the multitude of apertures 24 It may be designed in an operational manner, taking part in the opening 20the central coaxial tip 16 to align. It also goes without saying that the internal leadership 14 at least partially within the mean coaxial tip 16 can be arranged, and the central coaxial tip 16 can, as in Fig. 1 shown, also at least partially within the external coaxial tip 18 be arranged.

[0039] With renewed reference to Fig. 1. The rotating fuel injector assembly 10 , as described above, furthermore first, second, third and fourth actuators 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 include, in which the fourth actuator 46 which can be the trigger for the internal peak 14 between the extended closed position (in Fig. 1 shown) and the retracted open position (in the Fig. 3 and Fig. (4 shown) moves. It goes without saying that the first, second, third and fourth actuators 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 to deal with the engine control module 48 are connected. With reference to Fig. 2 and as mentioned before, the external coaxial tip 18 designed to move between the established position (in Fig. 1 shown) and the extended position (in Fig. 2 shown) via an internal fluid pressure 50 to move, whereby the internal fluid pressure 50 by a third actuator 44 (in Fig. 1 shown) and an incoming fuel flow 52 (in Fig. 1 shown) from the fuel inlet 30 can be applied while the fuel outlet 32 is partially or completely closed.

[0040] As in the Fig. 2, Fig. 7B, and Fig. As shown in 8B, the external coaxial tip 18 before fuel is ejected from the rotating fuel injector assembly 10 through an angle 65 (as in Fig. 8F shown) around a longitudinal axis 54 be rotated to use the selected aperture 27 the opening 20 to be aligned. As such, the opening can 20 in the middle coaxial tip 16 with a selected aperture 27 in the multitude of apertures 24 be aligned while the internal top 14 themselves, as in the Fig. 3, Fig. 7C, and Fig. 8C is shown, in the extended closed position. The angle of rotation 65 The fuel flow can be defined as the angle of rotation of the external coaxial tip to the selected aperture. 27 with the opening 20 the central coaxial tip 16, which is positive when rotated counterclockwise +CCW, and which is negative when rotated clockwise -CW, taking into account the observation of the injector through the injector longitudinal axis 54 in the direction of the combustion chamber 28 (below) to the base 14 (above).

[0041] As in Fig. 1, Fig. 7C, and Fig. 8C is shown as soon as the opening 20 and the selected aperture 27 are aligned, the rotating fuel injector assembly can 10 Distribute fuel in one of two ways: (1) rotary injection mode (in Fig. 4, Fig. 8A-8E shown); or (2) fixed injection mode (in Fig. 3, Fig. (7A-7E shown). When the rotating injection mode is implemented, the middle external coaxial tips rotate. 16 , 18 together (in the Fig. 8D-8E shown) via a first actuator 40 and a second actuator 42 (both actuators in Fig. 1 shown), when the internal tip 14 themselves, as in Fig. 8D representation, in the retracted open position. It goes without saying that when the internal tip 14 is in the retracted open position, a fuel flow 56 from the fuel inlet 30 through the aperture 27 and opening 20 through and out to the combustion chamber 28 , in the Fig. 8D-8E shown, can flow.

[0042] With renewed reference to Fig. 8D and Fig. Therefore, in 8E a curved fuel flow occurs. 58 in rotating injection mode from the aperture 27 the external coaxial tip 18 out when the middle and external coaxial tips 16 , 18rotate together. The curved fuel jet 58 is at a fuel flow angle 90 (in Fig. 8E shown) along the aperture axis 66 , and with an angular velocity 92 (in Fig. 8F shown), which is (positively) arranged or aligned when rotated counterclockwise +CCW, and negative when rotated clockwise -CW, taking into account the observation of the injector through the injector longitudinal axis 54 in the direction of the combustion chamber 28 (below) to the base 12 (above). When the rotating fuel injector assembly 10 When in a rotating injection mode, a curved fuel flow occurs. 58 from the selected aperture 27 the external coaxial tip 18 (as in the Fig. 8D and Fig. 8E shown).

[0043] With reference to Fig. 7A-7E, the fixed injection mode is shown. As in Fig. 7A-7C together with Fig. Figures 8A-8C show the steps for aligning the opening and the selected aperture before injecting the fuel (in Fig. 7D and Fig. 8D shown) the same for both the fixed injection mode ( Fig. 7A-7E), as well as for the rotating injection mode ( Fig. 8D-8E). Both modes can, but do not necessarily have to, be used with the internal tip. 14 start in the extended closed position, in which no fuel is injected and the selected aperture 27 not with the opening, as in the Fig. 7A and Fig. 8A is shown, aligned. Both modes also take into account that the external coaxial tip 18 then relative to the mean coaxial tip 16can be extended and rotated to fit the opening 20 and the selected aperture 27 , as in the Fig. 7B and Fig. 8B is shown, to align. Furthermore, both modes take into account that the external coaxial tip 18 in the direction of the central coaxial tip 16 can be scaled back as soon as the opening 20 and the selected aperture 27 , as in the Fig. 7C and Fig. 8C are shown, aligned.

[0044] In contrast to the rotating injection mode, the stationary injection mode, which is used in the Fig. 7A-7E is shown as previously described, however considering that the middle and external coaxial tips 16 , 18 It can be designed to be operational, rotatable via the first actuator 40 and the second actuator 42 (in Fig. 1 shown) to be attached, while the internal tip 14 in the extended closed position (in Fig. (shown in 7D). The linear fuel flow 64 can then enter the combustion chamber 28 are injected while the middle and external coaxial tips 16 , 18 can be mounted rotatably, and if the internal tip 14 to the established open position (in the Fig. 7D, Fig. (shown in section 7E) is moved. When the rotating fuel injector assembly 10 in a fixed injection mode (in Fig. (as shown in 7D), a linear fuel flow occurs. 64 from the opening 20 and the aperture 27 the external coaxial tip 18 along the aperture axis 66 at a fuel flow angle 60 ( Fig. 6 and Fig. 7E) relative to the radial direction 69off. The fuel flow angle 60 , 67 is the angle through the aperture axis 66 relative to the radial direction (positive if CCW, negative if CW).

[0045] As in Fig. 1 and in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, it goes without saying that the rotation of the external coaxial tip 18 and the central coaxial tip 16 the movement of the extended and retracted tip 14 and those of the extended and retracted external coaxial tip 18 operational movements are those caused by internal fluid pressures 50 are triggered by the first, second, third, and led actuator 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 Each actuator can be in the form of a magnet (or piezoelectric) component that connects to the motor control module. 48is connected to the conversion of the electrical impulses that come from the engine control module. 48 in a movement of a plunger, an opening, which may be a recess in a channel, allows for the control of the flow / pressure through the open channel. If the (electromagnetic or piezoelectric parts of the) actuators 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 If the actuators are not active, the plunger can return to a closed position for each assigned actuator via preloading devices. 49 or be pre-tensioned by a spring. A pre-tensioned means 49 (in the form of a spring) can be implemented to control the movement of the internal tip 14 to ensure.

[0046] With reference to Fig. Figure 9 shows a partially isometric view of the rotating fuel injector assembly along the line 5A - 5Aas shown in the figure. It is understood that, in order to form the external coaxial tip 18 and / or the middle coaxial tip 16 to rotate, different internal fluid pressures 50 can be applied to each component to promote rotation. The internal fluid pressure 50 will be in Fig. Figure 9 shows the internal fluid pressure. The internal fluid pressure is controlled by the first actuator. 40 and the second actuator 42 by adjusting an incoming fuel flow 52 from the fuel outlet 30 with a fully / partially closed fuel outlet 32 (in Fig. (shown in 1) is generated. The first and second actuators 40 , 42 , which result from the incoming fuel flow 52 to start, they can increase the internal fluid pressure 50 to the sub-channels 41 and 43 between central and external coaxial tips16 , 18 and / or on the surfaces below the channel 41' and 43' between the base and the mean coaxial tip 14 , 16 apply (and adjust).

[0047] The fuel flow 50 can enter the lower channels, which are formed by ledges / medium shoes / roller skates 39 , 39' are separated, flow in. The flow through the first and second actuators 40 , 42 triggered fuel flows 50 can form a first sub-channel load area 41 , 41' extend while they cover an area 43 , 43' of the second subchannel without load / with a lower load, if the external coaxial tip 18moves between the extended and retracted positions. External rotation of the tip is permitted, or if there is an extended movement of the external tip or a joint movement with the rotation of the central coaxial tip, only if the internal tip 10 upwards (and / or into the established open position, which is in Fig. 3 is shown) moved.

[0048] As in Fig. 9 shown, can mean coaxial tip 16 relative to the base 12 about the internal fluid pressure 50 , which is located on the internal pressure channel 78 the central coaxial tip 16 When applied, rotate. The internal fluid pressure 50 can the internal pressure channel 78 expand, thereby pressing against the inner surface of the central coaxial tip and causing a rotation.

[0049] Similarly, it is generally understood that the external coaxial tip 18 relative to the mean coaxial tip 16 about the internal fluid pressure 50 can rotate, which is located on the rotatable pressure channel 80 , which is through the external coaxial tip 18 is defined, is applied. The internal fluid pressure 50 can the rotatable internal pressure channel 78 expand, thereby pressing against the inner surface of the external coaxial tip and causing a rotation.

[0050] To enable CCW and CW rotations, different internal fluid pressures are used. 50 on the internal pressure channel 78 and the rotatable pressure channel 80 Applied. The rotation stops until the internal fluid pressure in each channel is generally equal, thus providing equilibrium. The engine control module 48and the first and second actuator 40 , 42 are designed for operational use, the varying internal fluid pressures 50 in the inner pressure channel 78 and the rotating pressure channel 80 to generate the desired movement as described. It is generally understood that the first actuator 40 and the second actuator 42 in conjunction with an engine control module 48 may be located.

[0051] Therefore, the engine control module 48 and the first and second actuator 40 , 42 designed for operational use, the external coaxial tip 18 to rotate relative to the central coaxial tip to select the aperture 27 , which is connected to the opening 20 in the middle coaxial tip 16 to be aligned, to be determined. The engine control module 48 and the first and second actuator40 , 42 are designed operationally, with the central coaxial tip relative to the base 12 to rotate. Thus, the first and second actuators can be adjusted. 40 , 42 must be designed to include at least either the external and middle coaxial tips 16 , 18 to rotate by adjusting the internal fluid pressure applied to the external coaxial tip.

[0052] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, it is further understood that the fuel leakage 32 and the fuel inlet 30 are designed to create a negative fluid pressure 70 via an escaping fuel flow 76 into the fuel outlet 32 to generate while the fuel is leaking 32 is open and the fuel inlet 30 is partially / fully closed. It is also understood that the fuel outlet 32and the fuel inlet 30 designed to utilize an existing fuel flow 76 towards and through the fuel outlet 32 to generate when the injector actuators 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 are completely closed. The external coaxial tip 18 is designed to move from the extended position (into the Fig. 2, Fig. 7B, Fig. 8B shown) to the retracted position (into the Fig. 1, Fig. 7A, Fig. 7C, Fig. 8A, Fig. (shown in 8C) to move when the negative fluid pressure 70 in a chamber 76 (in Fig. 2 shown) in the external coaxial tip 18 is generated. When the internal fluid pressure 50 or the negative internal fluid pressure 70 (in Fig. 1 and Fig. (shown in 2) is generated, the fuel inlet is located30 and the fuel leak 32 with the engine control module 48 in connection.

[0053] Zone 74 is another section of the fuel injector assembly 10 , which is extended when the external tip is in an extended position (in Fig. 2 shown). The external tip 18 It does not move into the extended position during combustion. During the engine's intake phase, the coaxial external tip can 18 However, it must be in an extended position, as the pressure in the combustion chamber must be low. If the coaxial external tip 18 is in an extended position, the zone 74 through the combustion chamber air via the multitude of apertures 24 filled. If the external tip, in contrast to the retracted position, is out Fig. When 1 moves, the small portion of the existing air flows out of the zone.74 to the combustion chamber 28 about apertures 24 out, which prevents the air from mixing with the fuel flow 56 mixed.

[0054] As in Fig. Figure 1 shows a rotating fuel injector assembly. 10 the present invention a basis 12 , a first / second / third / fourth actuator 40 , 22 , 23 , 24 , an internal top 14 , a mean coaxial tip 16 and an external coaxial tip 18 include the base 12 includes in addition to a fuel leak 32 a fuel inlet 30 The first, second, third, and fourth actuators 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 can reach the base 12 can be attached and can connect to an engine control module 48 together with the fuel inlet 30and the fuel leak 32 are connected. The internal tip 14 can be designed operationally to switch between an extended and closed position (in Fig. 1 shown) and a retracted open position (in Fig. 3 shown) along a longitudinal axis 54 relative to the base 12 to move the internal top 14 can be achieved through the second actuator 46 triggered, which is connected to an engine control module 48 is connected. If the internal tip 14 to a entrenched open position (in Fig. (as shown in 3) moves, an incoming fuel flow flows. 56 , which in Fig. 1 is shown, from the fuel inlet 30 through a channel that passes through the plunger of the actuator 46 is opened, through and the fuel flow 56 will be the aligned aperture 26 ,27 between the internal 14 and the middle 16 tip for injection into the combustion chamber 28 provided. The central coaxial tip 16 can reach the base 12 can be attached and can create an opening 20 in a lower area 22 (in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shown) of the mean coaxial tip 16 define the opening 20 can be done through the internal tip 14 Covered and closed when the internal tip 14 is in the extended position, thus ensuring every fuel flow 56 into the combustion chamber 28 , as in Fig. 1 is shown, it is closed.

[0055] As described above, the external coaxial tip can 18 be designed for operational use, alternating between an extended position (in Fig. 2 shown) and a retracted position (in Fig. 1 shown) relative to the base 12 to move. With reference to Fig. 6 can the external coaxial tip 18 a multitude of apertures 24 include the spacing of the inlet / inner holes. 66 differing from the spacing of the external holes 67 distinguish each aperture 27 in the multitude of apertures 24 can be designed with the opening 20 , located at the central coaxial tip 16 is defined as being aligned.

[0056] With reference to Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B, illustrated Fig. 5A an embodiment of a rotating fuel injection nozzle assembly 10 , where the internal tip 14 is in a closed extended position, while Fig. 5B the cross-section of the internal tip 14 , as well as the middle external coaxial tip16 , 18 along the line 5B in Fig. 5A shows. As in Fig. 5B can represent any aperture 27 in the multitude of apertures 24 also a clear aperture axis 66 exhibit which, as in Fig. 5B shown, at different angles 65 (angle relative to the radial direction). Furthermore, the central coaxial tip can 16 and the external coaxial tip 18 , as in the Fig. 7B (for the fixed injection mode) and 8B (for the rotating injection mode) are shown, designed to rotate around the longitudinal axis 54 via the first and second actuator 40 , 42 (in Fig. (shown in 1) to rotate.

[0057] With renewed reference to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 can be the third actuator 44 (in Fig. (as shown in 1) designed to maintain internal fluid pressure 50 to apply and allow the negative internal pressure 70 on an interior surface 98 the external coaxial tip 18 is applied to allow the external coaxial tip 18 between the extended position (in Fig. 2 shown) and the retracted position ( Fig. (1 shown) moves. The first, second, third and fourth actuators 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 -“ the fuel leak 32 , and the fuel inlet 30 act via the engine control module 48 together to increase internal fluid pressures 50 , which are directed towards the external coaxial tip18 and the middle coaxial tip 16 to be applied, to adjust.

[0058] While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing detailed description, it is understood that a large number of variants exist. It is further understood that the exemplary embodiment or embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of this disclosure in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description provides those skilled in the field with a suitable plan for implementing the exemplary embodiment or embodiments. It is understood that various modifications to the function and arrangement of elements can be made without deviating from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

Claims

[1] Rotating fuel injector assembly comprising: a base that has a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet; an internal tip that is operationally designed to move between an extended closed position relative to the base and a retracted open position relative to the base; a central coaxial tip having an opening defined in a lower region of the central coaxial tip, and the opening that rests against the internal tip when the internal tip is in the extended closed position, with the central coaxial tip attached to the base; and an external coaxial tip which is operationally configured to rotate relative to the base and is configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position relative to the base, wherein the external coaxial tip has a plurality of apertures, each aperture in the plurality of apertures being operationally configured to be aligned with the opening of the central coaxial tip; wherein the internal tip is partially located within the central coaxial tip, and the central coaxial tip is located at least partially located within the external coaxial tip. [2] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 1 further comprising a fourth actuator which can trigger the internal tip to move in the extended closed position and the retracted open position. [3] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 2, wherein the external coaxial tip is configured to move between the retracted position and the extended position via an internal pressure of the liquid, wherein the internal pressure of the liquid is applied to a third actuating element and a fuel flow flowing in from the fuel inlet while the fuel outlet is closed. [4] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 3, wherein the external coaxial tip is operationally configured to rotate relative to the central coaxial tip in order to align the opening with a selected aperture in the plurality of apertures, while the internal tip is in its extended closed position. [5] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 4, wherein the central and the external coaxial tip are configured to rotate together via a first actuator and a second actuator when the internal tip is in the retracted open position. [6] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 4, wherein the central and the external coaxial tip are configured to be rotated by a first actuator and a second actuator when the internal tip is in a retracted open position. [7] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 4, wherein the internal fluid pressure is configured to cause the rotation of the external coaxial tip. [8] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 5, wherein a curved fuel flow exits the aperture of the external coaxial tip when the central and external coaxial tips rotate together, wherein the curved fuel flow is arranged at a fuel flow angle equivalent to an aperture axis angle. [9] Rotating fuel injector assembly according to claim 6, wherein a linear fuel flow exits the aperture of the external coaxial tip at a fuel flow angle determined by aligning an aperture axis and an opening axis. [10] Fuel injection nozzle assembly according to claim 7, wherein a first actuator and a second actuator are connected to an engine control module configured to determine the selected aperture to be aligned with the opening in the central coaxial tip, wherein the first and the second actuator are configured to rotate at least either the external or the internal coaxial tip by adjusting the internal fluid pressure applied to the external and internal coaxial tip.

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