Method for operating a hybrid vehicle

Abstract

Method for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine-driven main drive, an auxiliary drive operated by means of an electric drive (16), and a clutch element (2) for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, comprising the steps: - specifying (40) a target state for the clutch element (2), - processing (42) the specification (40) of the target state for the clutch element (2), - controlling (44, 46) the clutch element (2) and / or the electric drive (16) and / or the main drive to couple or decouple the main and auxiliary drives depending on the specification (40) and the processing (42), - monitoring (48) the current state of the clutch element (2), - wherein the processing (42) of the specification (40) of the target state for the clutch element (2) includes introducing an access denial for consumers and functions.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and a device for operating a hybrid vehicle with an internal combustion engine-driven main drive, an auxiliary drive operated by means of an electric drive, and a coupling element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives.

[0002] Methods and devices for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising a main drive, an auxiliary drive and a coupling element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, are known from the prior art.

[0003] WO 2014 / 187458 A1 relates to a method for operating a torque transmission device with an inner ring and an outer ring, which are formed in the form of a freewheel and can be connected to each other in a rotationally fixed manner for torque transmission by means of a locking device. The freewheel can, for example, be designed as a pawl freewheel and be used in drive trains of motor vehicles, in particular with a belt drive.

[0004] DE 10 2009 048 297 A1 relates to a method for operating a coupling device comprising an inner coupling ring and an outer coupling ring as well as radially arranged pawls, wherein each pawl is arranged in a recess of a coupling ring and is provided for engagement in a detent contour of the other coupling ring, so that a coupling between the inner and the outer coupling ring can be brought about in this way.

[0005] DE 10 2014 214 306 A1 relates to a vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a belt-driven starter generator and a detachable auxiliary drive for auxiliary units, whereby the auxiliary drive can be disconnected and reconnected by means of a positive-locking coupling.

[0006] A disadvantage of the devices and methods known from the prior art for operating hybrid vehicles is, in particular, the generally underdeveloped design of the coupling and decoupling of the main and auxiliary drives. Thus, coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives using known devices and methods is often not fast enough or only possible with significant limitations regarding driving comfort and the service life of the relevant components.

[0007] It is therefore the object of the present invention to at least partially eliminate the disadvantages described above; in particular, it is the object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for operating a hybrid vehicle with an internal combustion engine-driven main drive, an auxiliary drive operated by means of an electric drive, and a coupling element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, which ensure fast, convenient, and durable coupling and decoupling of a main and auxiliary drive in a simple and cost-effective manner.

[0008] The foregoing problem is solved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device according to claim 9. Further features and details are set forth in the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Technical features disclosed with respect to the method according to the invention also apply in connection with the device according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention is always, or can always be, mutually interdependent. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.

[0009] The inventive method for operating a hybrid vehicle, with an internal combustion engine-driven main drive, an auxiliary drive operated by means of an electric drive, and a clutch element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, comprises the steps of specifying a target state for the clutch element, processing the specification of the target state for the clutch element, controlling the clutch element and / or the electric drive and / or the main drive to couple or decouple the main and auxiliary drives depending on the specification and processing, and monitoring the current state of the clutch element.

[0010] The main drive in question can be in particular in the form of an internal combustion engine, whereas the auxiliary drive, operated by means of an electric drive, can preferably be a drive for auxiliary units such as air conditioning compressors or other vehicle consumers. The method according to the invention preferably serves to operate a switchable pulley of a hybrid vehicle, wherein the operation particularly includes the coupling and / or discoupling of an auxiliary drive of the vehicle from and / or to a main drive of the vehicle. The coupling element in question is preferably designed in the form of a switchable pulley, in particular in the form of a pawl freewheel clutch. Within the framework of the method according to the invention, a positive-locking connection between the main and the auxiliary drive can be opened and closed.By coupling and uncoupling an auxiliary drive from a main drive, it is particularly possible to operate an air conditioning compressor either via an internal combustion engine and / or electrically. Uncoupling an air conditioning compressor while the internal combustion engine is running can be particularly advantageous due to the associated CO2 savings. Furthermore, the method according to the invention can advantageously be carried out at least partially automatically, with all or individual steps of the method preferably being repeatable cyclically.

[0011] Within the scope of the invention, it has been recognized that the present method or device according to the invention enables particularly energy-efficient operation of a hybrid vehicle in a particularly simple, convenient, and component-friendly manner. Within the framework of energy-efficient operation of a hybrid vehicle comprising a main and an auxiliary drive, it is possible to disconnect the main and auxiliary drives as needed. Thus, in driving conditions with the combustion engine switched off, an air conditioning compressor or the like can be operated, for example, by means of an electric drive, so that interior climate control can be maintained without CO2 emissions even during extended periods with the combustion engine switched off. Furthermore, when the combustion engine is running, the targeted disconnection of the auxiliary drive can reduce drag losses, which also reduces CO2 emissions.

[0012] Within the framework of the method according to the invention, it can be provided in particular that a target state is an open state in which the main drive and the auxiliary drive are decoupled from each other, or a closed state in which the main drive and the auxiliary drive are coupled to each other. In addition to an open and a closed state, a state can also be characterized, for example, by how the coupling element is in an open or closed state, so that it can be characterized, for example, whether the coupling element is jammed, for example, by pawls in an undercut or the like.

[0013] With a view to optimizing the operation of a hybrid vehicle, particularly with regard to an economical method for coupling and decoupling a main drive from an auxiliary drive, the invention can, in particular, provide that the processing takes place depending on the current state and the predetermined target state, wherein the processing preferably includes an adjustment of the environmental conditions. For example, the opening and closing conditions can be established by means of such an adjustment. An adjustment of the environmental conditions can be important, for example, with regard to the idling operation of the internal combustion engine-driven drive, since, for example, a reduction of the torque acting on the crankshaft in an open state can no longer be achieved via the electric drive, but only via the internal combustion engine-driven drive itself.Therefore, an ignition timing adjustment must be enabled before an opening process. In addition to enabling an ignition timing adjustment, it is also advantageous, for example, as part of an adaptation, to build up a torque reserve for rapid torque interventions, to switch between control via the electric drive and control via the combustion engine-driven drive during idle speed control, and to adjust the torque of the electric drive to a torque of preferably 0 Nm before an opening process or decoupling can occur. Furthermore, it may be particularly necessary to provide an air path torque reserve when an electric drive is no longer engaged. After a coupling or...After a successful closing process, the aforementioned steps can then be performed in reverse order. This allows a torque differential to be built up between the electric and combustion engine drives after coupling, before switching to control via the electric drive during idle speed control and reducing the built-up torque reserve, particularly the air path torque reserve. Subsequently, the enabled reduction in output torque can be released. Furthermore, when decoupling the auxiliary drive from the main drive during drag torque reduction, the integral component of the idle speed controller can be restarted or pre-controlled to a reduced load to prevent unwanted vibration excitation.

[0014] In a particularly fail-safe method for operating a hybrid vehicle for coupling and decoupling a main and an auxiliary drive, the invention further provides that processing the specified target state for the coupling element includes introducing an access restriction for consumers and functions. Preferably, access is denied to all consumers except the electric drive, as well as to other functions such as boost or load point shifting functions, so that the electric drive, which is preferably in the form of a belt-driven starter generator, is available exclusively for the function of the coupling element. This enables prioritized use of the electric drive for the method according to the invention and thus ensures largely fail-safe operation of the method.

[0015] In the context of particularly material-friendly and comfortable operation of a hybrid vehicle, the invention also provides that processing the target state for the clutch element includes torque adjustment. The torque adjustment according to the invention can, in particular, take the form of speed and speed gradient synchronization between the main and auxiliary drives to ensure, for example, the most comfortable and material-friendly decoupling possible. Here, the torques of the combustion engine-driven drive and the electric drive can be adjusted to each other in such a way that the current torque of the electric drive is first pre-controlled to match the torque of the combustion engine-driven drive before it is then preferably regulated to a torque of 0 Nm via an applicable gradient.Alternatively, the rotational speed of the combustion engine-driven drive can be adjusted to match the rotational speed of the electric drive. In addition to torque adjustment, the invention also allows for the generation of torque jitter with variable frequency and amplitude between the main and auxiliary drives. This facilitates, for example, the decoupling of a coupled state where the coupling element is jammed, such as by pawls or similar devices in an undercut. Furthermore, when using a second electric drive, the invention optionally provides for supporting a coupled state by reducing the load on the combustion engine-driven drive. Additionally, when using a second electric drive, it is conceivable to open the coupling element and maintain a constant torque with the second electric drive, for example, to relieve the load on the coupling element.Alternatively or cumulatively to torque adjustment during processing of the target state specification, the torque adjustment according to the invention can also take place at least partially during control of the coupling element and / or the electric drive according to the invention.

[0016] With a view to comfortable and material-friendly operation of a hybrid vehicle, the invention further provides that processing the target state for the clutch element includes speed adjustment and / or speed gradient adjustment. The speed adjustment and / or speed gradient adjustment according to the invention can, in particular, take the form of speed synchronization and / or speed gradient synchronization between the main and auxiliary drives. Here, the speed synchronization and / or speed gradient synchronization preferably takes place during operation, in particular by adjusting the speed of the auxiliary drive to the speed of the main drive. Alternatively, if the internal combustion engine of the main drive is started before coupling, the auxiliary drive can also be rapidly decelerated to a standstill.If the differential speed and the speed gradient difference are within an acceptable range, coupling can be initiated. The thresholds of an acceptable range can be variable and, for example, widened for faster shifting or narrowed for smoother operation and component protection. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the system can react to a change in the target state, so that, for example, after an increase in the auxiliary drive's speed to equalize the speeds of the main and auxiliary drives, the auxiliary drive is decelerated because the target state has changed from a closed to an open state. This can preferably be possible until coupling occurs and a closed state is reached.From such a point onward, it may no longer be possible, for example, to react to a change in the target state, because the coupling element is then, for instance, in a state where the coupling is already closed, meaning the opening process must be completed in its entirety. A speed adjustment according to the invention can advantageously be controlled in the present case in the form of a control loop, preferably using a model, wherein the model particularly includes the determination of the acting torques. Here, the control can advantageously include PID control and / or disturbance compensation with regard to fast and precise control, wherein disturbance compensation can be performed particularly with regard to a drag torque, an auxiliary drive, an air conditioning load, a speed gradient, or specific parameters of an internal combustion engine.Alternatively or cumulatively to speed adjustment during processing of the target state specification, the speed adjustment according to the invention can also take place at least partially during control of the clutch element and / or the electric drive according to the invention.

[0017] Within the framework of a flexible, simple, and convenient control system, the invention also provides for the actuation of the coupling element to be at least partially magnetically controlled. For example, the actuation of the coupling element can be controlled by triggering a solenoid. In this case, an opening process can be controlled such that a magnetically controlled switching element moves against a spring force and releases a positive-locking connection of the coupling element. Alternatively, the actuation of the coupling element can also be at least partially electrical, mechanical, or pneumatic.

[0018] Within the framework of safe and automatable operation of a hybrid vehicle, particularly within the framework of safe and automatable coupling and decoupling of a main and an auxiliary drive, the invention further provides that monitoring the current state of the coupling element includes a comparison of a target state and an actual state, with adjustments being made depending on any deviation between the actual and target states. Monitoring according to the invention can, in particular, take the form of a state plausibility check, for example, by determining whether a coupling or decoupling process, or an opening or closing process, has been successful. Monitoring the state of the coupling element can, in particular, be carried out using appropriate sensors, for example, by analyzing a current waveform or the like.A control mechanism is particularly relevant here with regard to the decoupling of the coupling element. Successful opening and closing, or successful coupling and decoupling, can be achieved, in particular, by detecting the angle of rotation. This involves applying a small torque and observing whether the rotation occurs within or outside a defined angle. Furthermore, an adjustment according to the invention, which depends on a deviation between an actual and a target state, can, in particular, be the triggering of a substitute reaction upon detection of a deviation. In this case, the state of the coupling element can then be detected, for example, based on a typical current profile of a switching element, such as an actuator or the like.An inventive sequence of monitoring followed by subsequent adjustment can advantageously be carried out cyclically, in a plurality of successive steps, wherein a termination is preferably possible at least until a coupling or decoupling has taken place.

[0019] The invention also relates to a device for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising a main drive powered by an internal combustion engine, an auxiliary drive driven by an electric motor, and a clutch element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives. This device for operating a hybrid vehicle includes a state specification module for specifying a target state of the clutch element, a processing module for processing the target state specification for the clutch element, a control module for controlling the clutch element and / or the electric drive and / or the main drive to couple or decouple the main and auxiliary drives depending on the specification and processing, and a monitoring module for monitoring the current state of the clutch element.The device according to the invention thus offers the same advantages as have been described in detail with regard to the method according to the invention.

[0020] The invention also relates to a system for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising a device for operating a hybrid vehicle as described above, and a coupling element for coupling and decoupling a main and an auxiliary drive of a hybrid vehicle as described above. The system according to the invention thus offers the same advantages as those already described in detail with regard to the method and the device according to the invention.

[0021] Also placed under protection is a hybrid vehicle with a combustion engine-driven main drive, an auxiliary drive operated by means of an electric drive, a coupling element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, and a device described above for operating the hybrid vehicle.

[0022] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description can each be essential to the invention individually or in any combination.

[0023] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a coupling element for coupling and decoupling a main and an auxiliary drive of a hybrid vehicle, Fig. 2 an enlarged representation of part of the in Fig. 1 coupling element shown, Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a hybrid drive, Fig. 4 a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for operating a hybrid vehicle, Fig. 5 a schematic representation of the individual steps of a method according to the invention for operating a hybrid vehicle, Fig. 6 a schematic representation of the individual steps of a decoupling or opening process within the framework of the inventive method for operating a hybrid vehicle, Fig. 7 a schematic representation of the individual steps of a coupling or a closing process within the framework of the inventive method for operating a hybrid vehicle, Fig. 8 a schematic representation of a torque adjustment within the framework of processing a specification of a target state for the coupling element within a method according to the invention for operating a hybrid vehicle, Fig. 9 a schematic representation of a typical current flow during opening and closing of the coupling element.

[0024] The figures use identical reference symbols for the same technical characteristics.

[0025] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a coupling element. 2 For coupling and decoupling a main and an auxiliary drive of a hybrid vehicle. The coupling element in question. 2 This includes an inner ring 8 , which in this case is connected to an auxiliary drive of a hybrid vehicle, as well as an outer ring 10, which is connected to a combustion engine-driven main drive of a hybrid vehicle. The clutch element, designed here as a switchable pulley, 2 It is formed in the form of a pawl freewheel and comprises four pairs of pawls. 4 , over which the inner ring 8 to the outer ring 10 or the auxiliary drive can be coupled to the main drive. If the coupling element 2 When closed, the spring plates press down. 12 the door handles 4 into the recesses 14 of the outer ring 10 and create a positive connection between the main and side shoots. This is achieved through an undercut in the recess. 14 The door handles will be 4 Additionally, it holds them in position, thus ensuring power transmission.

[0026] The paired arrangement of the door handles 4This enables power transmission in both directions of rotation. The auxiliary drive can therefore both deliver and receive torque. The pawls are configured according to their direction of engagement. 4 referred to as a boost or generator jack.

[0027] Will the coupling element 2 When opened, a switching element slides into place. 6 against the force of the spring plates 12 over the door handles 4 and releases the positive locking connection between the inner and outer rings 8 , 10 The combustion engine-driven main drive and the auxiliary drive can now rotate independently of each other in the form of a freewheel. This acts as a switching element. 6 A magnet or similar object can preferably be used.

[0028] Fig. Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of part of the in Fig. 1 coupling element shown 2The main and auxiliary drives of the clutch element are located here. 2 hybrid vehicle in a coupled or closed state, in which the second pawl formed here as a generator pawl is 4b in the undercut of one of the recesses 14 of the outer ring 10 The first jack, configured here as a boost jack, is located here. 4a However, it lies exposed. Opening the coupling element 2 In the state shown here, this would only be possible if the second latch 4b is freed from the undercut by a forward movement of the side shoot.

[0029] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a hybrid drive, which is powered by a device according to the invention. 1or can be operated according to a method according to the invention. The hybrid drive has a combustion engine-driven drive, which in this case forms the main drive. 18 as well as an electric drive 16 formed secondary drive, a gearbox 20 as well as an additional optional second electric drive 22 .

[0030] Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention. 1 for operating a hybrid vehicle. The device 1 This includes a state specification module. 30 to specify a target state of the coupling element 2 , a processing module 32 , for processing the specification of the target state for the coupling element 2 , a control module 34 for control 44 , 46 of the coupling element 2 and / or the electric drive 16for coupling or decoupling a main and auxiliary drive of the hybrid vehicle depending on the specification 40 and the processing 42 as well as a monitoring module 36 for monitoring 48 of the current state of the coupling element 2 .

[0031] In the state specification module 30 First, a target state of the coupling element is determined. 2 , in particular an open or closed state in which the secondary shoot is decoupled from the main shoot or in which the secondary shoot is coupled to the main shoot, is generated and the processing module 32 specified. The processing module 32 processes the specification of the target state for the coupling element. 2 preferably depending on the current state and the specified target state, wherein the processing 42preferably includes adjusting the environmental conditions. This adjustment could, for example, involve adjusting the idling operation of the internal combustion engine. 18 This may be important, as, for example, a reduction in the delivered torque in an open state can no longer be achieved via the electric drive. 16 , but only via the combustion engine-powered drive 18This can be done automatically. Therefore, before an opening process, a release to reduce the delivered torque must be initiated. In addition to a release to reduce the delivered torque, other parameters such as a torque reserve, in particular an air path torque reserve, current control, torque adjustment, or a distribution of torques between the electric drive and the combustion engine-driven drive, or similar features, can be provided as part of an adaptation to the ambient conditions. The processing module 32 It then sends a control command to the control module. 34 The control module 34 This includes the control 34a the electric drive 16 as well as the control 34b of the coupling element 2 , so that depending on the control command of the processing module 32 a control of the electric drive 16or the coupling element 2 can be done.

[0032] The monitoring module 36 It then monitors the current state of the coupling element. 2 The monitoring module includes... 36 a plausibility unit 36a , which can be used to determine whether a coupling or decoupling process, or an opening or closing process, has taken place successfully, as well as a reaction unit 36b , which can trigger a replacement reaction depending on the detected condition.

[0033] Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the individual steps of a method according to the invention for operating a hybrid vehicle. The method according to the invention first comprises a specification 40 a target state for the coupling element 2 , a processing 42 the specification of the state for the coupling element 2 , an approach44 , 46 of the coupling element 2 and / or the electric drive 16 for coupling or decoupling the main and secondary shoots depending on the specification 40 and the processing 42 as well as monitoring 48 of the current state of the coupling element 2 Depending on the processing 42 This allows for optional control of the coupling element. 44 or the electric drive 46 to be carried out. The processing in question. 42 The specification of a target state for the coupling element can further include, in particular, the introduction of an access refusal for consumers as well as other functions, such as boost or load point shifting functions or the like, preferably for all consumers and functions except the electric drive. 16 Access is denied, so the electric drive 16exclusively for the function of the coupling element 2 is available. Furthermore, processing can 42 the specification of the target state for the coupling element 2 A torque adjustment and / or a speed adjustment are included. A control system according to the invention. 44 of the coupling element 2 It can also be at least partially magnetically controlled. Physical monitoring 48 of the current state of the coupling element 2 It may also include a comparison of a target state and an actual state, whereby an adjustment can be made depending on a deviation between an actual and a target state.

[0034] Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the individual steps of a decoupling or opening process within the framework of the inventive method for operating a hybrid vehicle. This involves starting from a rest state. 50out first in one step 52 An opening condition is established. During the establishment of the opening condition, other hybrid functions may preferably involve intervention in the electric drive. 16 , which is preferably in the form of a belt-driven starter generator, will be refused. The belt-driven starter generator thus exclusively performs the functions of the clutch element. 2 available. After the opening conditions have been established, the following then occurs in one step 54 an opening or decoupling by means of a switching element 6 , which can be in the form of a solenoid, for example, is controlled accordingly. The latches described above are located 4 for coupling or decoupling an inner and an outer ring 8 , 10 not in an undercut, so the switching element can 6 over the door handles 4push. Otherwise, the switching element will lock into place. 6 to the door handles 4 and the freeing of the door handles 4 is required, which will then be done in the following step 58 This is done. Following this, in one step... 60 Monitoring of the open state would take place. Would the coupling element 2 If the open state is detected, an open state is registered and the process is complete. If not, the process can be repeated as often as desired. The process can be aborted at any time until an opening or decoupling occurs. After decoupling, however, this is only possible as long as the defined firing conditions are met. If this is the case, the opening process continues according to the following step. 56 aborted.

[0035] Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the individual steps of a coupling or closing process within the framework of the inventive method for operating a hybrid vehicle. This begins with a standstill state. 70 out first in the step 72 A closing condition is established before, in a subsequent step 74 A coupling or closing process takes place. During the creation of a closing condition. 72 For example, the differential speed and the speed gradient difference between the main and auxiliary drives or the inner ring are measured. 8 and the outer ring 10 adapted, especially synchronized. Up to the threshold. 78 It is still possible to react to a change in the target state and, for example, to slow down the secondary shoot again. Is the threshold 78 However, if this limit is exceeded, coupling or closing occurs. 74 , so that there is no risk of the jacks getting stuck 4It can be assumed that the undercut is located before opening the coupling element. 2 again, a liberation of the door handles. 4 requires. After pairing or closing. 74 The closed state is then monitored. 76 .

[0036] By analyzing the current profile, in particular by means of registered current dips and / or the length of plateaus during the above-mentioned process steps (e.g. the current profile of a lifting magnet), it is particularly possible to diagnose whether a closing process was successful.

[0037] Fig. Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of torque adjustment within the processing of a specified state for the coupling element. 2within a method according to the invention for operating a hybrid vehicle. In particular, a progression of possible adjustments to the torque limits of an electric drive is described. 16 as part of an opening 80 or a closing 82 displayed. To close 82 To implement the torque limits as quickly as possible, yet smoothly and imperceptibly to the driver, the torque limits are determined according to a first step. S1 firstly from a maximum torque 86 the electric drive 16 first, focus on the current torque 84 the electric drive 16 , but at most pre-controlled to 0. By means of an applicable gradient. 90 The remaining torque of the electric drive will then be measured. 16 in one step S2Ramped down to 0 Nm. The clutch element only opens when the torque limits between the main and auxiliary drives are closed. 2 Conversely, when the coupling element is closed, 2 the torque limit after the closing process has been completed by a predetermined gradient 90 according to step S3 Reopened.

[0038] Fig. Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of a typical current flow during the opening and closing of the coupling element. 2 . This shows Fig. 9 the typical current waveform of a switching element 6 when opening or closing the coupling element 2 During a first time interval T1 The current increases I here initially rises steeply, before in a second time interval T2 in a first phase B1 a plateau is reached in which the switching element moves in one step 100to a door handle 4 installs. The current then increases. I until the end of the first time interval T1 a. before it continues at a constant rate for a while. In a third time interval T3 This then results in a temporary power outage. 101 in a phase P2 during the transition from a blocked to a decoupled state, in which the switching element 6 over the door handles 4 It is possible that decoupling occurs directly at the first plateau, which can be analyzed by the plateau's length, thus eliminating the need for an additional release process. The additional current dip only occurs if the additional release process is required and successful. The current dip can be used to diagnose whether the release process was successful. After a brief dip during the third time interval... T3The current increases I It initially starts up again before continuing at a constant rate and then dropping abruptly. This drop in current is related to the closing process. In a fourth time interval T4 The current increases I then briefly again in one step 102 to a phase P3 a, in which a transition from an open to a closed state takes place.

[0039] The inventive method or device for operating a hybrid vehicle, with a combustion engine-driven main drive, an auxiliary drive driven by an electric motor, and a coupling element for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, makes it particularly possible to ensure a particularly economical and environmentally friendly operation of a hybrid vehicle in a simple, fast, convenient and material-friendly manner. Reference symbol list 1 Device for operating a hybrid vehicle 2 coupling element 4 handles 4a first door handle 4b second jack 6 Switching element 8 inner ring 10 outer ring 12 spring plates 14 Exclusion 16 electric drive 18 internal combustion engine-powered drive 20 gearboxes 22 second electric drive 30 State specification module 32 Processing module 34 Control module 34a Control of the electric drive 34b Control of the coupling element 36 Monitoring module 36a Plausibility unit 36b Reaction Unit 40 Specifying a target state 42 Processing the specification 44 Actuating the coupling element 46 Controlling the electric drive 48 Monitoring the current status 50 Idle state 52 Establishing an opening condition 54 Decoupling / Opening 56 Abort opening process 58. Resolve the jam 60 Monitoring the open state 70 Idle state 72 Establishing a closing condition 74 Coupling / Closing 76 Monitoring the closed state 78 Threshold 80 Opening process 82 Closing process 84 current torque of the electric drive 86 maximum torque of the electric drive 88 minimum torque of the electric drive 90 applicable gradient 100 switching element is connected to the jack 101 Transition from blocked to open position 102 Transition from open to closed S1 first step S2 second step S3 third step t time M torque I Electricity P1 first phase P2 second phase P3 third phase T1 first time interval T2 second time interval T3 third time interval T4 fourth time interval QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] WO 2014 / 187458 A1

[0003] DE 102009048297 A1

[0004] DE 102014214306 A1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Method for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising a main drive powered by an internal combustion engine, an auxiliary drive powered by an electric drive (16) and a coupling element (2) for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, comprising the steps: - Specifying (40) a target state for the coupling element (2), - Processing (42) the specification (40) of the target state for the coupling element (2), - Controlling (44, 46) the coupling element (2) and / or the electric drive (16) and / or the main drive to couple or decouple the main and auxiliary drives depending on the specification (40) and the processing (42), - Monitoring (48) the current state of the coupling element (2). [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by, that a target state is an open state in which the main shoot and the secondary shoot are decoupled from each other, or a closed state in which the main shoot and the secondary shoot are coupled to each other. [3] Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the processing (42) takes place depending on the current state and the specified target state, wherein the processing (42) preferably includes an adjustment of the environmental conditions. [4] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the processing (42) of the specification (40) of a target state for the coupling element (2) includes the introduction of an access denial for consumers and functions. [5] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the processing (42) of the specification (40) of the target state for the coupling element (2) includes a torque adjustment. [6] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the processing (42) of the specification (40) of the target state for the clutch element (2) includes speed adjustment and / or speed gradient adjustment. [7] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the actuation (44) of the coupling element (2) is at least partially magnetically controlled. [8] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that monitoring (48) the current state of the coupling element (2) includes a comparison of a target state and an actual state, whereby an adjustment is made depending on a deviation between an actual and a target state. [9] Device (1) for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising a main drive driven by an internal combustion engine, an auxiliary drive driven by an electric motor (16) and a coupling element (2) for coupling and decoupling the main and auxiliary drives, comprising: - a state specification module (30), for specifying (40) a target state of the coupling element (2), - a processing module (32) for processing (42) the specification (40) of the target state for the coupling element (2), - a control module (34) for controlling (44, 46) the coupling element (2) and / or the electric drive (16) and / or the main drive for coupling or decoupling the main and auxiliary drives depending on the specification (40) and the processing (42), - a monitoring module (36) for monitoring (48) the current state of the coupling element (2). [10] System for operating a hybrid vehicle, comprising a device (1) for operating a hybrid vehicle according to claim 9 and a coupling element (2) for coupling and uncoupling a main and an auxiliary drive of a hybrid vehicle.

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