Storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle as well as motor vehicle
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AG
- Filing Date
- 2019-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing storage devices for motor vehicles experience excessive loads, particularly due to irreversible expansion of storage cells during their service life, which can lead to localized and uneven stress on the bracing system, compromising the mechanical integrity of the cell stack.
The storage device employs a bracing system with tension elements, such as tie rods, that are strategically weakened to manage expansion and distribute loads uniformly. This is achieved through targeted mechanical adjustments, including varying wall thicknesses, material composition, and shaped areas to accommodate cell expansion, integrated with a temperature control system for further regulation.
The solution effectively maintains uniform load distribution and mechanical integrity of the cell stack throughout its service life, preventing excessive and localized loads, ensuring the stability and performance of the storage device.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 or 9 Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle.
[0002] DE 10 2017 222 771 A1 discloses a storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, comprising several storage cells arranged successively along a stacking direction and forming at least one cell stack for storing the electrical energy.
[0003] Furthermore, DE 10 2013 020 861 A1 discloses a cell block arrangement for a battery, comprising at least one cell block with a plurality of electrochemical individual cells electrically connected in series and / or parallel, and at least one temperature control plate attached to the cell block. Additionally, EP 2 569 811 B1 discloses an energy storage module for a power supply device constructed from a number of energy storage modules.
[0004] The object of the present invention is to create a storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle, so that excessive loads on the storage device, in particular over its lifetime, can be avoided.
[0005] This problem is solved according to the invention by a storage device having the features of claim 1 or 9as well as by a motor vehicle with the features of claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
[0006] A first aspect of the invention relates to a storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle designed, for example, as a passenger car. This means that the motor vehicle, in its fully manufactured state, includes the storage device. Furthermore, the motor vehicle, in its fully manufactured state, includes, for example, at least one electric machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven, in particular purely electrically. The storage device is also referred to as an energy storage device and is, for example, a high-voltage component whose electrical voltage, in particular its operating or nominal voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts (V), in particular greater than 60 V, and preferably several hundred volts.This allows for particularly high electrical power outputs, especially for purely electric propulsion of the motor vehicle. To propel the motor vehicle electrically, the electric machine can be operated in motor mode and thus as an electric motor. For this purpose, the electric machine can be supplied with electrical energy stored in or by means of the energy storage device. The energy storage device is, for example, designed as a battery, especially a high-voltage battery, and can be specifically a lithium-ion battery.
[0007] The energy storage device comprises several storage cells arranged sequentially along a stacking direction for storing electrical energy. In other words, electrical energy can be stored by means of, or within, the storage cells. The storage cells are designed separately from one another and are thus individual components, so that the storage cells are also referred to as cells or individual cells. In the installed position of the energy storage device, the stacking direction runs, for example, in a plane spanned by the transverse and longitudinal directions of the vehicle. The energy storage device assumes its installed position when the vehicle is fully assembled. The storage cells arranged sequentially along the stacking direction form a cell stack, which is also simply referred to as a stack.For example, the stacking direction runs in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle or parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, particularly with regard to the installation position of the storage device.
[0008] The storage device also includes a clamping device, which has two end plates, also referred to as or functioning as pressure plates. By means of the clamping device, the storage cells arranged between the end plates along the stacking direction are clamped together along the stacking direction and thereby held against one another. In other words, the cell stack is arranged between the end plates along the stacking direction, each of which is supported at least indirectly, and in particular directly, by the cell stack along the stacking direction.
[0009] To prevent excessive, especially local, stresses on the storage device, particularly over its entire service life, the clamping device also has at least or exactly four tension elements, also referred to as tension anchors, each connected to the respective end plates. For example, the respective tension element is bonded to the end plates by a material connection, in particular by welding and / or bonding. To clamp the storage cells arranged between the end plates along the stacking direction by means of the clamping device and thereby hold them together, at least one of the tension elements, in particular several of the tension elements or all of the tension elements, is tensioned or braced along the stacking direction, such that a tensile force acts in or across the at least one tension element.This tensile force is transferred via the at least one tension element from one of the end plates to the other, or vice versa, so that the end plates, also referred to as pressure plates, are pulled along the stacking direction against the storage cells by means of the tensile force acting as a clamping force, and thus tensioned against the storage cells. This compresses the storage cells arranged between the end plates along the stacking direction and thus holds them together. Since the clamping force acts as a tensile force in the at least one tension element, this element is subjected to tensile stress, and is therefore also referred to as a tension anchor. A first of the tension elements is arranged on the first side of the cell stack, which faces upwards in the installed position of the storage device, particularly in the vehicle's vertical direction.Since the first side of the cell stack faces upwards in the installed position of the storage device, and particularly in the vehicle's vertical direction, this first side is also referred to as the top of the cell stack. The first side of the cell stack coincides with the first side of each individual storage cell, whose first side also faces upwards in the installed position of the storage device, particularly in the vehicle's vertical direction. This first side is also referred to as the top. Because the first tension element is located on this first side, the cell stack, or the storage cells, or all storage cells of the cell stack, are at least partially covered by the first tension element when the storage device is installed in the vehicle's vertical direction.
[0010] A second tension element is arranged on a second side of the cell stack that faces downwards in the installed position of the storage device, particularly in the vehicle's vertical direction. This second side of the cell stack coincides with the second side of each individual storage cell, which also faces downwards in the installed position of the storage device, particularly in the vehicle's vertical direction. This second side is therefore also referred to as the underside. Since the second tension element is located on this second side, the cell stack, and thus all of the storage cells within it, are at least partially covered downwards by the second tension element in the installed position of the storage device, particularly in the vehicle's vertical direction.
[0011] A third tension element is arranged on a third side of the cell stack or the respective storage cell. In the installed position of the storage device, this third side points outwards in a first direction perpendicular to the vehicle's vertical direction. Because the third tension element is located on the third side, the cell stack, and thus all of the storage cells within the cell stack, are at least partially covered by the third tension element in this first outward direction. In the installed position of the storage device, this first direction may, for example, run parallel to the vehicle's transverse direction, or coincide with the vehicle's transverse direction, with the first direction pointing, for example, to the right in the vehicle's transverse direction and relative to the vehicle's forward direction of travel.
[0012] A fourth tension element is arranged on a fourth side of the cell stack or the respective storage cell, specifically on a side facing away from a third side. In the installed position of the storage device, this fourth side has a second outward direction perpendicular to the vehicle's vertical direction and opposite to the first direction. Thus, for example, the second direction points to the left in the transverse direction of the vehicle and relative to the vehicle's forward direction of travel. Since the fourth tension element is arranged on the fourth side, the cell stack, and therefore all of the storage cells of the cell stack, are at least partially covered by the fourth tension element in the fourth direction when the storage device is installed.By using at least four tensile elements, excessive stress on each individual tensile element can be avoided, particularly in the case of age-related expansion of the cell stack, for example, along the stacking direction. To achieve, for example, a substantially uniform load distribution across all tensile elements, especially over the lifetime of the storage device, and thus avoid excessively different loads on each element, at least one of the tensile elements is provided with a local, targeted, and, in particular, structural weakening.This ensures sufficient mechanical integrity of a cell module assembly, also referred to simply as a cell assembly, which includes the cell stack and the tension direction, throughout its lifetime and especially until the end of its lifetime.
[0013] The invention is based in particular on the following findings: Storage cells, and thus a cell stack formed by storage cells in a storage device designed for storing electrical energy or electric current, typically expand irreversibly during operation of the storage device and / or over its service life. For example, the storage cells, especially those designed as lithium-ion cells, expand irreversibly, so that the storage cells, and thus the cell stack, become larger, particularly in one stacking direction, i.e., expand, particularly irreversibly. This can cause the storage cells to exert particularly high, component-dimensioning forces on the clamping device, also referred to as a frame or module frame, which can lead to excessive stress on the clamping device and thus on the storage device as a whole.This effect can be amplified by increasing the energy density in storage cells, such as those designed as batteries. Furthermore, this effect can be enhanced by using flat cell formats.
[0014] By selectively weakening at least one, several, or all of the tension elements of the clamping device, it is now possible to selectively and precisely control the deformation kinematics of the tension elements. This means that the behavior of the storage cell and thus the cell stack—resulting from, for example, age-related and / or irreversible expansion and / or expansion along the stacking direction—and in particular its deformation behavior, can be precisely adjusted as needed. This allows, for example, the avoidance of unfavorable deformations of the tension elements that cause excessively high local loads. Furthermore, excessively uneven loads on the tension elements can be avoided. Consequently, excessive loads on the cell stack can also be prevented.For example, the invention can ensure that pressure forces are exerted on the cell stack from the end plates at least essentially uniformly, particularly over the entire lifetime of the storage device, in order to hold the storage cells together and thus keep the cell stack together.
[0015] Targeted weakening refers, for example, to a targeted and localized reduction in the mechanical strength and / or stiffness of the at least one tensile element, particularly in comparison to parts or areas of the at least one tensile element immediately adjacent to the weakened area. Targeted weakening at one location of the at least one tensile element can be achieved, for example, by targeted strengthening of the at least one tensile element at another location, thereby allowing the deformation behavior of the at least one tensile element, and thus of the tensile elements as a whole, to be specifically controlled. In particular, targeted weakening or strengthening can prevent one of the tensile elements from being subjected to excessively higher loads than the others when the cell stack expands, for example, due to aging.Thus, the invention enables the realization of at least an essentially homogeneous or uniformly distributed load in the tensile elements and therefore on the storage cells.
[0016] In order to be able to adjust the behavior, in particular the deformation behavior, of the at least one tensile element to meet specific requirements, one embodiment of the invention provides that the weakening of at least one recess, in particular at least one through-opening, of the at least one tensile element comprises.
[0017] Another embodiment is characterized in that the weakening comprises at least one first wall region of the at least one tensile element, which has a first wall thickness, and a second wall region of the at least one tensile element is directly adjacent to the first wall region. The second wall region has a greater wall thickness than the first. The second wall region is thus, particularly in relation to the first wall region, a deliberately provided or formed reinforcement of the at least one tensile element, resulting in the deliberate weakening of the at least one tensile element. The different wall thicknesses in the different wall regions lead to a variable cross-section of the at least one tensile element, the cross-section of which varies, for example, along at least one direction.This allows the deformation behavior of at least one tension element to be adjusted to meet specific requirements.
[0018] Another embodiment is characterized in that at least two of the tension elements are made of different materials. For example, the at least two tension elements are made of different types of steel. Furthermore, it is conceivable that one tension element is made of steel, while another is made of a light metal, in particular aluminum. This allows excessively different loads on the tension elements and the storage cells to be kept particularly low, since the use of different materials allows the deformation behavior of the tension elements to be adjusted to specific requirements.
[0019] In order to adjust the deformation behavior of the tensile elements to meet specific requirements and thus avoid excessive loads on the tensile elements and the storage cells, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the respective tensile element has a planar extension extending in a plane, in particular an imaginary plane, and is therefore designed as a plate.
[0020] It has proven particularly advantageous if the weakening includes the fact that at least a first sub-area of the at least one tensile element is set back in the plane relative to at least a second sub-area of the at least one tensile element that is immediately and thus directly adjoining the first sub-area. Thus, the at least one tensile element has a varying contour, in particular an outer contour, which is also referred to as contouring. The second sub-area, set back relative to the first sub-area, is formed, for example, by a cutout, which allows particularly advantageous properties of the at least one tensile element or of the targeted weakening to be realized.
[0021] A targeted strengthening and a resulting targeted weakening of the at least one tensile element can be achieved, for example, by means of at least one compensating rib, which prevents excessive load in the at least one tensile element. For example, a variation in wall thickness is achieved by means of different wall thicknesses, which are also referred to as wall thicknesses. By combining the variation in wall thickness and the compensating rib, excessive loads occurring in the at least one tensile element can be particularly well avoided. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one of the tensile elements has at least one specifically deformed or specifically shaped area which is deformable by an aging-related expansion of the cell stack, thereby enabling or increasing a tensile force acting in the at least one tensile element.In other words, it is intended, for example, that in the at least one tensile element, in the storage device's initial state (i.e., immediately after the storage device has been fully manufactured), no or only a slight tensile force, greater than zero, acts upon it. With increasing operation, or with increasing service life or age of the storage device, the cell stack expands, particularly along the stacking direction, irreversibly or plastically. This deforms the specifically shaped area from its initial state, such that the at least one tensile element is subjected to increasing tensile stress. Put another way, the at least one tensile element only becomes effective, for example, in transmitting a tensile force between the end plates, due to age-related expansion of the cell stack, occurring, for example, along the stacking direction.This allows the deformation behavior of the tension elements to be adjusted particularly according to requirements, so that excessive, local loads on the tension elements and the storage cells can be avoided particularly well.
[0022] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous if the storage device includes a temperature control unit designed for temperature regulation, in particular cooling and / or heating, of the storage cells. In this configuration, at least one of the tension elements is a functional component of the temperature control unit, whereby the at least one temperature control element has at least one channel through which a temperature control medium can flow for temperature regulation, in particular cooling and / or heating, of the storage cells. The temperature control medium is, for example, a gas or a liquid, which may comprise at least partially, in particular at least predominantly and thus more than half or exclusively, water. In this embodiment, the at least one tension element is integrated into the temperature control unit, or vice versa, thereby allowing the deformation behavior of the tension elements to be specifically and precisely adjusted.
[0023] A second aspect of the invention relates to a storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle. In this second aspect, it is provided that at least one of the tensile elements has at least one specifically shaped or formed area which is deformable by age-related expansion of the cell stack, in particular irreversibly or plastically, thereby enabling or increasing a tensile force acting in the at least one tensile element. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be considered as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.A third aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, for example a motor car, in particular a passenger car, which has a storage device according to a first aspect of the invention and / or a second aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the third aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect and the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.
[0024] Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic and perspective side view of a storage device according to the invention; Fig. 2 a schematic front view of the storage device; Fig. 3 a schematic top view of a first embodiment of a traction element of the storage device; Fig. 4 a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the tension element; Fig. 5 a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the tension element; and Fig. 6. Partially a schematic side view of the traction element of a fourth embodiment.
[0025] In the figures, identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols.
[0026] Fig. Figure 1 shows a storage device in a schematic and perspective side view. 1 for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, for example a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, in its fully manufactured state, has the storage device. 1The motor vehicle, in its fully manufactured state, also has at least one electric machine by which it can be driven, in particular purely electrically. For this purpose, the electric machine is operated in motor mode and thus as an electric motor. To operate the electric machine in motor mode, it is supplied with electrical energy, in particular electric current, which is stored in the storage device. 1 is stored.
[0027] The storage facility 1 has several memory cells arranged sequentially along a stacking direction 2 on, which together form a cell stack labeled 3. The stacking direction is in Fig. 1 by a double arrow 4illustrated and runs, for example, in Fig. 1 shown installation position of the storage device 1 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The storage device then takes over. 1 its installation position in the fully manufactured state of the motor vehicle. In other words, the motor vehicle includes the storage device in its installed position. 1 . By means of the memory cells 2 The electrical energy is stored.
[0028] The storage facility 1 It also includes a clamping device 5 , by means of which the memory cells 2 They are clamped together along the stacking direction and thus held together. The memory cells, or rather all of them, are... 2 of the cell stack 3 along the stacking direction between end plates, also known as printing plates 6 and 7 the clamping device 5arranged. In other words, the clamping device includes 5 the end plates 6 and 7 , which are spaced apart from each other along the stacking direction. The memory cells are... 2 and thus the cell stack 3 along the stacking direction between the end plates 6 and 7 arranged.
[0029] To avoid excessive strain on the storage device 1 To avoid this, the clamping device includes 5 Furthermore, at least or exactly 4 pulling elements 8 , 9 , 10 and 11 , which are also referred to as tie rods and are each, in particular, materially bonded to the end plates 6 and 7 are connected. At least one tie rod greater than 1 and a smaller number than the total number of tie rods, or all tie rods, are connected, for example, especially when the storage device is new.1 and thus, immediately after their manufacture, are subjected to tensile stress and therefore transmit a tensile force acting as a clamping force from one of the end plates 6 and 7 to the other end plate 7 or 6 The end plates are adjusted using the respective clamping force. 6 and 7 against the memory cells 2 and thus against the cell stack 3 tense, causing the memory cells 2 The clamping device is used to compress the stacking elements along the stacking direction and thus hold them together. 5 is therefore a frame, also known as a module frame, by means of which the memory cells 2 compressed and thus held together.
[0030] The pulling element is 8 on a first side pointing upwards in the installation position of the storage device in the vehicle's vertical direction S1 of the cell stack 3arranged so that the cell stack 3 and thus the or rather all memory cells 2 of the cell stack 3 in the upward direction of the vehicle, at least partially through the pulling element 8 are covered. The vehicle's upward direction is in Fig. 1 by a double arrow 12 illustrated. The pull element 9 is on a storage device in its installed position 1 second side pointing downwards in the upward direction of the vehicle S2 of the cell stack 3 and thus the respective memory cells 2 arranged. Thus, the cell stack 3 and thus the memory cells 2 in installation position of the storage device 1 in the upward direction of the vehicle downwards, at least partially through the pulling element 9 covered up.
[0031] That from Fig. 2 recognizable pulling elements 10 is on a third page S3of the cell stack 3 and thus the memory cells 2 arranged. The third page S3 indicates the installation position of the storage device 1 in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle's vertical direction and in Fig. 2 by an arrow 13 The first direction is illustrated outwards. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the first direction coincides with or runs parallel to the vehicle's transverse direction, so that, for example, the side S3 The fourth towing element points outwards to the right in the transverse direction of the vehicle. 11 is on one side, especially in the transverse direction of the vehicle from the third side S3 averted, fourth side S4 of the cell stack 3 and thus the respective memory cell 2 arranged. The fourth page shows S4 in installation position of the storage device 1in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle's vertical direction, opposite to the first direction and in Fig. 2 through a case 14 The second direction illustrated points outwards. Thus, for example, the fourth side points outwards. S4 in the transverse direction of the vehicle to the left outwards, so that the second direction coincides with the transverse direction of the vehicle or runs parallel to the transverse direction of the vehicle.
[0032] In Fig. 2 are arrows 15 shown, illustrating a load distribution. The arrows 15 This illustrates in particular that excessively different loads on the tension anchors and thus excessive local loads on the tension anchors and the storage cells 2 can be avoided.
[0033] Out of Fig. 3 is illustrated using the example of the pull element. 8 It is apparent that at least one of the pulling elements 8 , 9 , 10 and 11with at least one local, targeted and structural weakening 16 is provided. Fig. Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of the tension element. 8 , wherein the preceding and following statements refer to the at least one tension element or to the tension element 8 also on the other pulling elements 9 , 10 and 11 can be transferred and vice versa. In other words, in the embodiment shown in the figures, there is at least one, and at the very least a targeted weakening. 16 having the tension element the tension element 8 . At the in Fig. 3 first embodiment of the tension element shown 8 indicates the weakness 16 several, as passageways 17 formed recesses of the tension element 8 open, so that the passage openings 17 the tension element 8 , especially in the upward direction of the vehicle, penetrate completely.
[0034] Furthermore, for example, from Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. It is recognizable that the respective pulling element 8 , 9 , 10 or 11 It has a planar extension extending in a given plane and is thus formed as a plate. The plane in which the planar extension of the tension element lies 8 or 9 The path is defined by the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle. The plane in which the respective planar extent of the tension element lies is defined. 10 or 11 The path is spanned by the vehicle's vertical direction in the vehicle's longitudinal direction. Since the tension elements 11 and 10 on the page S3 and S4 The tension elements are arranged 10 and 11also known as lateral tie rods or lateral tie rods. The respective through-opening 17 It has a direction of passage along which the respective passage opening 17 is continuous, with the direction of passage running perpendicular to the plane in which the pulling element is located. 8 It extends over a large area. The passage openings form... 17 a hole pattern, especially a uniform one 18 , where the passage opening 17 respective rows arranged side by side or one above the other, or are arranged in rows, with each row containing several of the passage openings. 17 includes. The respective passageways are located in or along each row. 17 the respective row is arranged along a straight line, which runs, for example, in the stacking direction.
[0035] Furthermore, the targeted weakening includes 16, that at least a first sub-area T1 of the tension element 8 in the plane in which the pulling element is located 8 extended over a flat area, opposite the second sub-areas T2 of the tension element, which adjoin the first sub-area T1 directly on both sides. 8 is set back. Thus, the tension element has 8 an outer contour, also referred to as contouring or contour 19 on, by means of which a deformation behavior of the tensile element is determined. 8 and thus the tension elements 8 , 9 , 10 and 11 Overall, it can be adjusted to meet specific needs and in a targeted manner.
[0036] Fig. Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the tension element. 8 The weakening includes 16 at least one initial wall section W1 of the tension element 8 , whose wall area W1 a first wall thickness, also referred to as the first wall thicknesst1 exhibits. To the transformation area W1 A second wall area closes immediately and thus directly. W2 of the tension element 8 on. In the second wall area W2 The tension element 8 a second wall thickness, also referred to as the second wall thickness t2 which are greater than the first wall thickness t1 is. Thus, for example, the tension element 8 in the wall area W2 stiffer, firmer or more stable than in the wall area W1 considered in isolation. For example, the production of the wall area W2 Conversely, regarding the production of the wall area W1 and thus leading to the formation of targeted weakness 16 , so that under the targeted weakening 16 This can also be understood as a targeted strengthening, which automatically results in a targeted weakening of another area of the pulling element. 8results.
[0037] Fig. Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of the tension element. 8 , wherein, in the third embodiment as in the second embodiment, there is a variable or varying wall thickness and thus a variable or varying cross-section of the tension element. 8 is formed to specifically weaken 16 or to form targeted reinforcement.
[0038] Out of Fig. 2. It is evident that the respective memory cell 2 at least or exactly two connections, also known as terminals 20 and 21 features. About the connections 20 and 21 can the memory cells 2 be electrically connected to each other. In other words, the respective storage cell can 2 via their connections 20 and 21 the in the respective memory cell 2provide stored electrical energy. The connections 20 and 21 are on the side S1 arranged. This also includes, for example, the side S1 a contact system not shown in the figures is arranged, which is electrically connected to the terminals, for example. 20 and 21 especially with the memory cells 2 can be connected. Thus, for example, the memory cells 2 via their connections 20 and 21 and are electrically connected to each other via the contact system. For example, both the contact system and the tension element are connected. 8 on the page S1 are arranged, for example, the tension element 8 integrated into the contacting system or vice versa.
[0039] Both the in Fig. 3 contouring shown as well as the one in Fig. 3 shown passage openings17 are individual, local weaknesses or vulnerabilities which together contribute to the specifically intended weakness 16 lead. Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 5 illustrates the respective variable cross-sectional profiles, for example to achieve a targeted load distribution upwards and downwards in the direction of the vehicle.
[0040] Fig. Figure 6 shows, for example, a fourth embodiment of the at least one tension element. In the fourth embodiment, the at least one tension element is, for example, the lower tension element. 9 For example, in the aforementioned new state, and thus immediately after the storage device has been manufactured, 1 the tension element 9 not subjected to tensile stress, so that, for example, via the tensile element 9 In its new state, there are no tensile forces between the end plates. 6 and 7 is transferred. The pulling element 9This indicates, in particular, each end plate 6 or 7 , at least one specifically reshaped area B on, which is caused by an age-related and, for example, along the stacking direction, and in particular plastic or irreversible expansion of the cell stack. 3 is deformable or is deformed, thereby causing the tensile element to deform 9 a tensile force is caused or generated, which is transmitted via the tensile element 9 between the end plates 6 and 7 is transferred.
[0041] In Fig. 6 is the new condition, designated with N. Furthermore, it is from Fig. 6 a weld 22 recognizable by means of which the pulling element 9 for example, to the end plate 6 It is welded on. With increasing lifespan and thus with increasing operation of the storage device. 1 The memory cells expand 2and thus the cell stack 3 along the stacking direction, in particular plastically or irreversibly, so that, for example, starting from the new state N to a particularly plastically deformed state Z of the cell stack 3 It's coming. In that state Z the cell stack indicates 3 compared to new condition N a greater length, running along the stacking direction, results. Thus, the age-related expansion of the cell stack leads to... 3 to an increase in the length of the cell stack 3 The increase in length of the cell stack results in a deformation of the area, particularly a plastic one. B starting from the new condition N towards the state Z This results in, for example, the tension element 9 directed, that is, its length is increased along the stacking direction, so that it is then in that stateZ via the pull element 9 a tensile force between the end plates 6 and 7 is transferred. The pulling element 9 This only occurs through the age-related expansion of the cell stack. 3 for carrying, that is, for transmitting tensile forces between the end plates 6 and 7 This allows the frame's deformation behavior to be adjusted as needed. In particular, adjusting the deformation behavior allows for force distribution within the storage device. 1 , in particular clamping device 5 , can be specifically adjusted, in particular by specifically adjusting wall thicknesses, contours, cross-sections, materials and / or shapes of the tie rods. Reference symbol list 1 Storage device 2 memory cells 3 cell stacks 4 Double Arrow 5 Clamping device 6 End plate 7 End plate 8 pull element 9 Pull element 10 pull element 11 Pull element 12 Double Arrow 13 Arrow 14 Arrow 15 arrows 16 Weakening 17 Passage opening 18 hole patterns 19 Outer contour 20 connection 21 connection 22 weld seam Area B S1 page S2 page S3 page S4 page t1 first wall thickness t2 second wall thickness W1 first wall area W2 second wall area New condition Z condition QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION
[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature
[0000] DE 102017222771 A1
[0002] DE 102013020861 A1
[0003] EP 2569811 B1
[0003]
Claims
[1] Storage device (1) for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, comprising several storage cells (2) arranged successively along a stacking direction (4) and forming at least one cell stack (3) for storing the electrical energy, and comprising a clamping device (5) having two end plates (6, 7), by means of which the storage cells (2) arranged along the stacking direction (4) between the end plates (5, 6) are clamped together along the stacking direction (4) and thereby held together, characterized by , that the clamping device (5) also has: - at least one first tension element (8) connected to the end plates (5, 6), which is arranged on a first side (S1) of the cell stack (3) pointing upwards in the installation position of the storage device (1), - at least a second tension element (9) connected to the end plates (5, 6), which is arranged on a second side (S2) of the cell stack (3) pointing downwards in the installation position of the storage device (1), - at least a third tension element (10) connected to the end plates (6, 7), which is arranged on a third side (S3) of the cell stack (3), the third side (S3) of which, in the installed position of the storage device (1), points outwards in a first direction (13) perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction (12), and - at least a fourth tensile element (11) connected to the end plates (6, 7), which is arranged on a fourth side (S4) of the cell stack (3), the fourth side (S4) of which, in the installation position of the storage device (1), points outwards in a second direction (14) perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction (12) and opposite to the first direction (13), wherein at least one of the tensile elements (8, 9, 10, 11) is provided with at least one local, targeted weakening (16) of the at least one tensile element (8, 9, 10, 11). [2] Storage device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the weakening (16) comprises at least one recess (17), in particular at least one through-opening (17), of the at least one tensile element (8, 9, 10, 11). [3] Storage device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, that the weakening (16) has at least one first wall area (W1) of the at least one tension element (8, 9, 10, 11) having a first wall thickness (t1), to whose first wall area (W1) a second wall area (W2) of the at least one tension element (8, 9, 10, 11) is directly connected, having a second wall thickness (t2) greater than the first wall thickness (t1). [4] Storage device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least two of the tensile elements (8, 9, 10, 11) are made of different materials. [5] Storage device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the respective tension element (8, 9, 10, 11) has a planar extension running in a plane and is therefore formed as a plate. [6] Storage device (1) according to claim 5, characterized by, that the weakening (16) includes that at least a first sub-area (T1) of the at least one traction element (8, 9, 10, 11) is set back in the plane relative to at least a second sub-area (T2) of the at least one traction element (8, 9, 10, 11) immediately adjoining the first sub-area (T1). [7] Storage device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one of the tensile elements (8, 9, 10, 11) has at least one specifically reshaped area (B) which is deformable by an age-related expansion of the cell stack (3), whereby a tensile force acting in the at least one tensile element (8, 9, 10, 11) can be effected or increased. [8] Storage device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized bya temperature control device designed for temperature control of the storage cells wherein at least one of the tension elements (8, 9, 10, 11) is a functional component of the temperature control device and thereby has at least one channel through which a temperature control medium can flow for temperature control of the storage cells (2). [9] Storage device (1) for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, comprising several storage cells (2) arranged successively along a stacking direction (4) and forming at least one cell stack (3) for storing the electrical energy, and comprising a clamping device (5) having two end plates (6, 7), by means of which the storage cells (2) arranged along the stacking direction (4) between the end plates (6, 7) are clamped together along the stacking direction (4) and thereby held together, characterized by , that the clamping device (5) also has: - at least one first tension element (8) connected to the end plates (6, 7), which is arranged on a first side (S1) of the cell stack (3) pointing upwards in the installation position of the storage device (1), - at least a second tension element (9) connected to the end plates (6, 7), which is arranged on a second side (S2) of the cell stack (3) pointing downwards in the installation position of the storage device (1), - at least a third tension element (10) connected to the end plates (6, 7), which is arranged on a third side (S3) of the cell stack (3), the third side (S3) of which, in the installed position of the storage device (1), points outwards in a first direction (13) perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction (12), and - at least a fourth tensile element (11) connected to the end plates (6, 7), which is arranged on a fourth side (S4) of the cell stack (3), the fourth side (S4) of which, in the installed position of the storage device (1), points outwards in a second direction (14) perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction (12) and opposite to the first direction (13), wherein at least one of the tensile elements (8, 9, 10, 11) has at least one specifically formed area (B) which is deformable by an aging-related expansion of the cell stack (3), whereby a tensile force acting in the at least one tensile element (8, 9, 10, 11) can be effected or increased. [10] Motor vehicle, comprising at least one storage device (1) according to any of the preceding claims.