Lamp with a liquid fuel-powered light source

Abstract

Lamp with a liquid fuel-operated light source, the divided rod wick (1) of which is divided between a main fuel tank (24) for fuel supply and a controllable combustion unit, wherein the rod wick (1) associated with the main fuel tank (24) is provided with a tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) which establishes contact with a wick fuel transfer surface (6) of the controllable combustion unit via a tank valve spring (14), and a fuel intermediate storage tank (25) is provided in which liquid fuel can flow from the main fuel tank (24) via a level control valve (26) until the fuel level in the fuel intermediate storage tank (25) no longer allows compensating air to flow from an air supply channel (17) into the closed main fuel tank (24) and thus the fuel flow from the main fuel tank (24) into the fuel intermediate storage tank (25) is stopped.or in which, in the case of a main fuel tank (24) with a commercially available wick (56), this is connected to a fixedly anchored tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), in which contact with the wick fuel transfer surface (6) is established by the flame throttling sleeve spring (13) of the combustion unit, and in the case of the main fuel tank (24) with the movable rod wick (1), the screwed-on, remotely controlled combustion unit is fixedly anchored in a rod wick insertion fixing (10), and the movable flame throttling sleeve (8) exposes the wick vaporizer head surface (3), which is calculated for a predetermined burning time by a control electronics (44) and adjusted by the geared motor (38) via a flame throttling sleeve gear (36) using the flame throttling measuring sensor (23).or, in the case of the manually adjustable combustion unit, by screwing the flame throttling sleeve (8) onto the fuel tank thread (12), the stronger tank valve spring (14) pushes back the weaker flame throttling sleeve spring (13), and, in flame regulation, the flame throttling sleeve (8) compresses the weaker flame throttling sleeve spring (13), and the wick guide tube (9) exposes an increasingly larger wick combustion surface on the rod wick (1), or, in the case of the main fuel tank (24) with a fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) and the wick (56), the screwed-on,In the remotely controlled combustion unit, the movable rod wick (1) makes contact between the wick fuel transfer surface (6) and the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) by means of pressure exerted by the flame throttling sleeve spring (13), thereby establishing the fuel flow. Subsequently, the wick vaporizer head surface (3) is calibrated for the remotely controllable burn time settings using a calibration bar (51). Similarly, in the manually adjustable combustion unit, the rod wick (1) presses the wick fuel transfer surface (6) with the flame throttling sleeve spring (13) against the stationary tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) to make contact, and the burn time dial (29) with the calibrated burn time day indication is aligned with the calibration specification of the calibration mark (50) or the calibration bar (51) for the flame throttling sleeve (8), and with the burn time dial pointer (31).

Description

The invention relates to a two-component lamp with a liquid fuel-operated light source, wherein the upper lamp part is advantageously equipped with a rod wick for the controlled combustion of the liquid fuel, and the lower part, as a fuel storage tank, is also equipped with a rod wick or, in a simpler tank design, with a conventional wick, wherein both lamp parts, the combustion unit and the fuel storage tank, are firmly connected to each other for functional purposes by a retaining mechanism, for example, by a thread or quick-release fastener, and both the rod wick of the combustion unit and the wick of the fuel storage tank are equipped with fuel transfer contact surfaces, wherein at least one of the two contact surfaces has a contact pressure spring.which ensures a reliable fuel flow by applying pressure to the two adjacent contact surfaces and, depending on the design, is equipped with a fuel storage tank featuring a rod wick and fuel level control valve for uniform wick saturation, as well as a pressure spring for the fuel transfer surface to the combustion unit. Alternatively, a simpler version uses a conventional wick, for example made of cotton, with a firmly anchored fuel transfer surface, where the contact pressure is exerted by the pressure spring of the rod wick on the combustion unit. This operating principle is similar to that of a stamp pad.in which a liquid enriched with dyes is transferred to another medium via contact surfaces. This same mechanism of two contact surfaces also governs the transfer of liquid fuel in lamps with a split wick through a single-use fuel reservoir and a reusable, high-quality, controllable combustion unit. Comparatively widespread in practice is the use of camping gas cartridges, which provide interchangeable fuel in a universal reservoir for a variety of applications with compatible devices, ranging from blowtorches and cooking appliances to lighting fixtures. AT 513 817 B1 discloses a lamp serving as a grave lantern with a liquid fuel-powered light source, the wick of which opens at one end into a fuel reservoir and at the other into a combustion chamber. A main fuel tank is provided, connected to the fuel reservoir, and a level control valve for the fuel flowing into the fuel reservoir is associated with it. The wick is designed as a rod wick. Furthermore, a flame damping sleeve, adjustable in height relative to the wick, is provided, which exposes an adjustable combustion surface of the fixedly anchored wick. DE 10 2018 103 703 B3 discloses a lamp with a movable rod wick and a liquid fuel-powered light source, the wick of which opens at one end into a fuel reservoir and at the other end into a combustion chamber, wherein a main tank for the fuel is provided, which is connected to the fuel reservoir, and wherein the fuel reservoir is associated with a level control valve for the fuel flowing into the fuel reservoir. The wick is designed as a threaded rod wick, which is partially moisture-insulated on its surface.Furthermore, wings are attached to the rod wick, similar to a wing screw, with the help of which the rod wick can be unscrewed from a nut thread up to a calibration mark and subsequently a flame throttling sleeve can be screwed onto the housing screw thread into an adjustable operating position, thus releasing a combustion surface related to the burning time scale. Furthermore, DE 10 2018 103 700 B3 shows ignition mechanisms for rod wicks in which the wick evaporator head is heated by a heating coil to the fuel evaporator and ignition pins initiate the flame formation. The invention is based on the objective of creating a lamp of the type mentioned above which has an additional functionality in that, by means of an interchangeable fuel reservoir, both a lamp with a manually operated lamp head with a time-determinable operating duration can be controlled, and, by means of an easily accomplished remote ignition, for example via a smartphone, a lamp can be safely operated and controlled from a great distance without supervision, and, through the interchangeable lamp components, a consumable and inexpensive fuel reservoir on the one hand, and a high-quality and reusable, controllable combustion unit on the other hand, enable safe, environmentally advantageous and cost-effective lamp operation. The problem is solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. A liquid fuel-operated lamp is divided into two components, each with its own dedicated wick for its specific function. The lamp thus consists of two separate wick sections, which, via wick contact surfaces, facilitate the flow of liquid fuel on a single plane. The two wick sections can, but do not have to, be made of the same material. This allows for the use of different material properties for each required function, tailored to specific needs and resulting in varying quality characteristics and prices.On the one hand, this enables optimal adaptation to the requirements of its functionality, taking into account the necessary costs; on the other hand, environmental criteria can be considered for the lighting components such as the fuel tank, so that a harmonious material economy can be achieved. For example, a very high-quality wick material will be used for the combustion unit, which can be controlled both manually and remotely. This material typically consists of a rod wick and is designed to last for a very high number of operating cycles. Its virtually wear-free and unchanging size and quality enable very precise control, a fundamental feature of the lamp and intended to highlight its advantages over existing lamps. This, combined with ease of use, aims to create a price-performance ratio that is virtually unattainable elsewhere.Regarding the wick in the fuel tank, there is the option of using existing, very cost-effective materials such as cotton, which can be recycled after a single use, or higher-quality materials such as a rod wick, which can also function as a shut-off valve for the fuel flow and the ambient air supply in the tank. This offers a wider range of manufacturing options, which should make lighting manufacturers more flexible and allow for more diverse designs and pricing. Two different designs exist for the fuel storage tank, and the controllable combustion unit must be aligned and adjusted accordingly. In the higher-quality fuel storage tank with a rod wick, when docked to the controllable combustion unit, a tank valve spring presses the rod wick, with its fuel transfer surface, against the wick transfer surface of the controllable combustion unit, thus establishing the fuel flow. In certain lamp designs where both rod wick sections of the combustion unit and fuel storage tank are continuously movable, the fuel flow from the rod wick in the fuel storage tank can be completely shut off at the bottom of the tank via the combustion unit's control unit, thereby deactivating the lamp for subsequent use.When the tank cap is screwed on, the wick is also fully inserted into the wick chamber, thus closing the fuel supply valve to the wick. This offers handling advantages for storage and transport, as well as for clean tank disposal. In certain lamp designs, the wick is fixed in place within a self-contained control system of the lamp's combustion unit, meaning that the time-controlled flame damping sleeve has already been calibrated for operation at the factory. In the simpler main fuel tank design, the standard wick and the tank wick fuel transfer surface are fixed and immobile, so the adjusted docking pressure to the wick fuel transfer surfaces must be applied via a flame throttling sleeve spring of the combustion unit. This necessitates subsequent calibration of the flame throttling sleeve according to a calibration mark or calibration bar during manual lamp commissioning, or via a resistance-triggering calibration bar during remote-controlled commissioning of the lamp, and must be carried out before the lamp is commissioned. During manual lamp start-up, the flame damper sleeve with the burn time dial pointer is screwed onto the fuel tank thread until a calibration mark appears on the wick. This mark must be aligned with the flame damper sleeve opening. Simultaneously, the flame damper sleeve spring presses the wick fuel transfer surface onto the tank wick fuel transfer surface, allowing fuel flow and thus also initiating the air supply to the fuel tank via an air intake channel. The pre-set calibration mark is, for example, factory-applied at a wick point to indicate 20 operating days. The burn time dial is then moved along its scale until the pointer is precisely aligned with the 20-day burn time indicator.In a second calibration method, the flame dampening sleeve is screwed onto the fuel tank thread until it rests on a calibration bar of the rod wick or plastic wick body. This creates resistance, thus exposing the largest possible wick combustion surface, which the manufacturer has calibrated, for example, to 6 operating days. The burn time dial is then moved along its rail until the 6-day mark is positioned directly beneath the burn time dial pointer. This completes the calibration process, and any desired day setting can then be selected using the burn time dial pointer, provided the "STOP" mark is not exceeded. For remote lamp commissioning, the flame damper sleeve is screwed onto the thread by the geared motor until the calibration bar detects resistance on the flame damper sleeve, preventing further screwing. This exposes the largest wick combustion surface, with, for example, a 6-day factory calibration setting, which can then be taken over by the flame damper sensor. This allows the ignition mechanism to be triggered by heating the heating coil and subsequently generating a spark. After successful ignition, controlled by an infrared sensor, any desired day setting can be set via the flame damper sensor and triggered light pulses from the flame damper sleeve gear. The lamp is deactivated by fully retracting the flame damper sleeve beyond the wick, extinguishing the flame. For storage and transport of the fuel storage tank, a peel-off sealing film is affixed to the fuel transfer surface of the tank wick; this film must be removed before screwing on the controllable combustion unit. A screw-on cap with a sealing ring is provided for disposing of the empty fuel tank. By combining a high-quality, controllable combustion unit made of the best materials, which can be reused again and again, with a fuel storage tank that can be manufactured in large quantities and recycled or refilled after its single use, the lighting manufacturer is offered the opportunity to maintain a business relationship with a satisfied consumer by producing a consistently high-quality yet affordable fuel for the purchase of a filled main fuel tank, which, taking into account the geographical location of the lighting application and the local climatic conditions, offers the most suitable fuel for safe and optimally time-controlled operation. Thanks to its very compact design and the use of high-quality materials where necessary, malfunctions are virtually eliminated. Soiling of the lamp's base, which is frequently observed in practice due to leaking fuel in the form of liquid wax, should not occur with the robust liquid fuel reservoir, provided it is used according to the instructions. In addition to fulfilling a primary safety requirement, the lamp also offers unparalleled ease of use, thus contributing to important ecological goals in our environmentally conscious times by using energy in a highly efficient and targeted manner. The dependent claims represent advantageous embodiments of the invention. In one version of the lamp, a rod wick is located in the main fuel tank. This wick is equipped with a fuel transfer surface, which is pushed out of the main fuel tank by a tank valve spring until it reaches a tank valve spring end stop. When the manual or remote-controlled lamp combustion unit is screwed on, the firmly anchored rod wick, with its fuel transfer surface, comes into contact with the tank wick fuel transfer surface, thus establishing the flow of liquid fuel to the combustion unit. In the remote-controlled lamp, the rod wick, which is firmly anchored in the combustion unit, has already been calibrated by the manufacturer with the flame damping sleeve. This allows the desired flame size and operating time to be set independently of each other, for example, via a smartphone, after the main fuel tank and combustion unit have been screwed together.In the case of the manually operated combustion unit with a movable rod wick, the flame throttling sleeve must be calibrated to the burning time dial before the ignition process. In a second variant, a simpler and more stationary fuel tank design, the wick is made of a conventional material, such as cotton, and is firmly and immovably anchored to the fuel tank via its fuel transfer surface. The wick is supported all the way to the bottom of the fuel tank, for example, by a rod or within a tube to ensure a straight path. This allows the laser reflector float ring to descend to the bottom of the fuel tank without resistance as fuel is consumed. Only at the bottom of the fuel tank does the wick split into several sections to allow for the most complete fuel absorption possible. An air intake channel, extending into the fuel tank interior, is located within the fuel transfer surface and partially within the wick itself. This channel allows an inflow of ambient air to equalize the negative pressure created by the consumed fuel within the tank. In this second variant, with a fixed and immobile fuel transfer surface for the tank wick, a movable rod wick within the combustion unit must, in conjunction with a flame damping sleeve spring, establish stable contact between the wick fuel transfer surface and the tank wick fuel transfer surface to allow the fuel to flow to the rod wick. Slight differences in the height of the tank wick fuel transfer surface result in varying height positions of the rod wick when the flame damping sleeve spring is pressed against it. Therefore, before the lamp is put into operation, the rod wick and flame damping sleeve must be calibrated. When manually commissioning the lamp, there is a calibration mark or bar on the wick. The flame damper sleeve with the burn time indicator is screwed onto the fuel tank thread until the opening of the flame damper sleeve and the calibration mark on the wick are at the same height. This exposed wick surface may, for example, have been calibrated at the factory to 20 operating days. The burn time indicator is then moved along its rail until the indicator on the flame damper sleeve and the 20-operating-day reading on the indicator are aligned.This calibration process can also be achieved using a calibration bar. The flame damping sleeve rests on this bar by screwing it down, thus exposing the largest possible wick combustion surface, which, for example, has been calibrated by the manufacturer to six days of operation. The burn time dial is then moved along the burn time dial rail until the six-day indicator on the dial is positioned below the burn time dial pointer. The calibration is now complete, and any desired operating time can be set across the entire burn time dial using the burn time dial pointer, provided that the "STOP" mark on the dial is not exceeded. During remote commissioning of the lamp, the wick is fitted with a calibration resistor, such as a calibration bar, at one point. After the two lamp components, combustion unit and fuel tank, are screwed together, a triggering radio command from the geared motor moves the flame damping sleeve onto the wick until the calibration bar on the wick triggers resistance against the rotating flame damping sleeve, causing it to stop. This exposes the largest possible wick combustion surface, which has been calibrated by the manufacturer, for example, for 6 operating days. This transmits a calibrated reference point to an installed measuring device, which, for example, as shown in the drawings, is transferred to an electronic flame damping counter via a flame damping sensor.This allows any desired flame size to be set using a pulse counter via the flame damping sleeve gear and the light-controlled flame damping sensor. Furthermore, the flame can be extinguished by fully retracting the flame damping sleeve beyond the wick, thus ending a predetermined operating time. An infrared sensor, installed on the control unit and directed at the flame, monitors the operating instructions of the control electronics. To remotely monitor the current fuel level, the control unit incorporates a laser fuel level sensor. This sensor directs its beam through a transparent laser transmission window onto a laser reflector floating inside the main fuel tank. The reflected light is then sent back to a receiver, which transmits this data, for example, to a smartphone display via a dedicated app. This app not only relays desired operating settings over long distances but also provides feedback on operational data calculated by the vehicle's onboard computer, including information on the fuel level, remaining operating time at average fuel consumption, and much more.Photovoltaic panels on the top and outside of the control unit provide the rechargeable batteries with sufficient power to control the light. Since the control unit, manufactured from the finest materials and equipped with state-of-the-art technology, only needs to be purchased once and can be repeatedly coupled with the simple and very inexpensive fuel tanks, very low operating hour costs result. These low operating costs also ensure a very high level of operational reliability for the luminaire and offer user-friendly operation, enabling environmentally sound and efficient lighting design. The connectable fuel tanks are not only suitable for use in remote-controlled radio-controlled luminaires, but can also be manually operated using a very simple flame damping sleeve attachment. A burn time dial allows for the selection of up to very long operating times with varying light output, while also ensuring a very high level of operational reliability. The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the associated drawing. Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a lamp with a lamp cover according to the invention, comprising a remotely controllable combustion unit with a stationary rod wick equipped with a heating coil and flame ignition pins, as well as a wick fuel transfer surface, and fixed in a plastic wick body. The flame throttling sleeve exposes the smallest possible wick vaporizer head surface. The combustion unit is screwed onto a main fuel tank, in which a rod wick, partially moisture-insulated with a coating, presses the tank wick fuel transfer surface precisely against the wick fuel transfer surface of the control unit with a tank valve spring. Simultaneously, the tank valve spring opens the fuel supply valve to the intermediate fuel storage and the air supply channel to the main fuel tank, and the tank valve spring stop is in a freely movable central position.2 A cross-section of the lamp with lamp cover with a remote-controlled combustion unit comprising a stationary rod wick equipped with a heating coil and flame ignition pins, as well as a wick fuel transfer surface and fixed in a plastic wick body, in which the flame throttling sleeve exposes the largest possible wick vaporizer head surface, is screwed onto a main fuel tank as a combustion unit, in which a rod wick partially moisture-insulated with a coating, with a tank valve spring, presses the tank wick fuel transfer surface precisely against the wick fuel transfer surface of the control unit and simultaneously opens the fuel supply valve to the intermediate fuel storage and the air supply channel into the main fuel tank by means of the tank valve spring, and the tank valve spring stop is in a freely movable central position. Fig.3 A cross-section of the lamp with separate lamp cover and separate, remotely controlled combustion unit with a stationary rod wick equipped with a heating coil and flame ignition pins, as well as a wick fuel transfer surface and fixed in a plastic wick body, in which the flame throttling sleeve exposes the smallest possible wick vaporization head surface, and in the main fuel tank the tank valve spring pushes the rod wick, which is partially coated with a moisture-insulating material, with the tank wick fuel transfer surface beyond the main fuel tank coupling surface with laser transmission window and burn time dial up to the tank valve spring end stop. Fig.4 A top view of the lamp with the remote-controlled combustion unit with the rod wick and the flame damping sleeve in the center, as well as with the flame damping sleeve gear, the motor gear and the flame damping measuring sensor, and with the photovoltaic panels located on the outside of the control unit. Fig.5 shows a cross-section of a lamp design with a rod wick lifting mechanism by motor gears engaging on rod wick tooth grooves, which have completely inserted the partially moisture-insulated rod wick into the flame throttling sleeve with heating coil, thus creating the smallest possible wick evaporator head surface, and simultaneously have completely inserted the partially moisture-insulated rod wick into the wick insertion chamber, thereby closing the fuel flow in the fuel supply valve and the air supply channel to the main fuel tank, thus extinguishing the operating flame, and an infrared sensor for operational safety monitors the operating sequence. Fig.6 A cross-section of a lamp design with a rod wick lifting mechanism with a partially coated rod wick, which is anchored by a rod wick insertion fixation in a plastic wick body serving as a support element, in whose applied rod wick tooth grooves motor gears engage, in a wick evaporator head surface position with the heating coil and flame ignition pins in contact, an operating infrared sensor, and in the main fuel tank a fuel inlet valve and air supply channel, which is opened wide by the pressure action of the tank valve spring, by a slender rod wick, partially embedded in a plastic wick body for support and moisture insulation. Fig.Figure 7 shows a top view of a lamp design with a rod wick lifting mechanism and motor gears engaging on rod wick tooth grooves. The rod wick is advantageously shaped as a rectangular or square wick side surface at the tooth grooves for more stable power transmission to the motor gears, and transitions to a round cross-sectional shape towards the wick vaporizer head, surrounded by the flame damping sleeve. An infrared sensor monitors the operating status via the control electronics, and a laser fuel level meter measures the current available fuel supply when queried via a laser reflection float ring.8. A cross-section of a lamp with a lamp cover and a manually adjustable combustion unit, wherein the movable combustion rod wick with a weaker flame-throttling sleeve spring in a wick guide tube against the tank rod wick, which has a stronger tank valve spring and is pressed up to the tank valve spring end stop, establishes fuel flow contact between the tank wick fuel transfer surface and the wick fuel transfer surface. Simultaneously, the stronger tank valve spring opens the fuel supply valve and the air supply channel in the main fuel tank.The wick of the combustion unit has a calibration mark, which is calibrated by the manufacturing plant to 20 operating days, so that for commissioning the lamp the flame throttling sleeve is screwed onto the fuel tank thread until the flame throttling opening is at the same height as the calibration mark and then the fuel dial in the fuel dial rail is aligned with the 20-day burning time dial indicator and the burning time dial pointer.A calibration process is also possible in which the length of the wick guide tube is determined by the manufacturer to a calibrated dimension, so that when the flame damper sleeve is screwed onto the fuel tank thread, the wick guide tube slides back on the rod wick until the lower wick guide opening rests on the cone of the upper surface of the wick fuel transfer area, thus exposing the largest possible, calibrated wick combustion surface. The burn time dial is then slid under the burn time dial pointer with the smallest operating time day indicator. The burn time dial is now calibrated to the flame damper sleeve, and any desired operating time setting can be made on the fixed burn time dial using the burn time dial pointer, provided, however, that the "STOP" mark is not exceeded with the burn time dial pointer.The illustration shows the smallest wick combustion surface. Fig. 9 shows a cross-section of a lamp with a lamp cover and a manually adjustable combustion unit. The movable combustion wick is fixed in a plastic wick body and, with a weaker flame-retarding sleeve spring in a wick guide tube, establishes fuel contact between the fuel transfer surface of the fuel wick and the fuel transfer surface of the wick when the lamp components are screwed together. This contact is achieved against the fuel wick, which has a stronger fuel valve spring. Simultaneously, the stronger fuel valve spring opens the fuel inlet valve and the air supply channel in the main fuel tank. The flame-retarding sleeve is screwed further onto the fuel tank thread using the flame-retarding sleeve thread, and in doing so, the stronger fuel valve spring increasingly compresses the weaker flame-retarding sleeve spring.The wick guide tube with the flame damping sleeve is gradually guided back along the wick, thus exposing an increasingly larger wick combustion surface through the opening of the flame damping sleeve until the flame damping sleeve rests on the calibration bar of the plastic wick body. At this point, the lower opening of the wick guide tube also rests on the cone on the top of the wick fuel transfer surface, resulting in the largest possible wick combustion surface being exposed. This surface is calibrated by the manufacturer, for example, to 6 operating days. To adjust the burn time dial, it is moved along the burn time dial rail until the 6-day operating time indicator is positioned directly below the burn time dial pointer.The calibration process is now complete, and any operating time can be set on the burn time dial for subsequent operation, provided the "STOP" mark on the burn time dial is not exceeded. Enclosing the wick with a plastic wick body minimizes its mass, resulting in faster wick saturation during startup and shorter shutdown times. This is advantageous for time-controlled, remote-controlled lamps. Fig. 10 shows a cross-section of a lamp with a separate lamp cover and a manually adjustable, separate combustion unit with a movable combustion rod wick and the flame damping sleeve screwed into the lamp cover.The main fuel tank, a design also used for remote-controlled lights, is equipped with a screw-on cap that is screwed onto the fuel tank thread. The sealing ring rests on the tank valve spring end stop to create a seal and compresses the tank valve spring sufficiently so that the inserted fuel rod wick also closes the fuel inlet valve and the air supply channel against two sealing rings. Alternatively, a screw-on cap is shown that is screwed onto both the fuel tank thread and the housing thread. The cap surface has a wave shape to adequately compensate for stresses that may occur between the two threads. Fig.Figure 11 shows a top view of the main fuel tank of the lamp, which is designed for both remote-controlled operation and manually adjustable lighting duration and start-up. The tank wick fuel transfer surface is shown in the center, surrounded by the fuel tank thread, the laser transmission window, the burn time dial in the burn time dial rail, and finally, on the outermost edge, the description and operating instructions.Figure 12a shows a top view of the burn time dial, which is die-cut and printed from moisture-resistant cardboard and has a pressed wave pattern on its outer edges. This wave pattern, achieved by adjusting the resistance of the dial's movement in the dial rail, prevents unintentional shifting of the dial's calibrated position when adjusting the burn time using the flame damper sleeve and the dial pointer to align with the daily operating time indicator. Figure 12b shows a top view of the main fuel tank, onto which the combustion unit for the manually operated lamp is screwed. The calibration process is illustrated, in which the flame damper sleeve is screwed onto the fuel tank thread until the opening of the wick guide tube is level with the calibration mark on the wick, as shown in Figure 13.The wick combustion surface, calibrated and marked by the manufacturer for, say, 20 operating days, is then transferred to the burn time dial. This is done by sliding the burn time dial along its rail until the 20-day indicator is positioned below the burn time dial pointer. If the burn time dial is adjusted to the wick combustion surface calibrated by the manufacturer using a calibration bar, the flame damper sleeve is screwed onto the fuel tank thread until it rests on the calibration bar of the wick. This ensures the largest possible wick combustion surface and shortest burn time. The burn time dial is then moved along its rail until the 6-day indicator is positioned below the burn time dial pointer.The calibration process is now complete, and any daily setting can be made, provided that the burn time dial pointer is not moved beyond the "STOP" mark on the burn time dial. When using the main fuel tank for manual start-up and operating time setting, the laser transmission window on the main fuel tank serves no function. Fig.13 a cross-section of the lamp with lamp cover in a simpler design of the main fuel tank with a fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface and commercially available wick, with a manually adjustable flame control unit in the calibration position, in which the flame throttling sleeve opening is at the same height as the calibration mark and exposes that wick combustion surface area which has been calibrated on the burn time dial by the manufacturing plant and marked with a day number, so that subsequently the burn time dial must be pushed into the burn time dial rail with the calibrated burn time day number and the burn time dial pointer into the superimposed position and the calibration process is thus completed.To set the operating time, any desired burning time can be set on the burning time dial using the flame dampening sleeve and the burn time dial pointer located on it, provided that the "stop" mark on the burn time dial is not exceeded. The flame dampening sleeve spring presses the wick fuel transfer surface of the movable rod wick onto the stationary tank wick fuel transfer surface, which receives fuel via a standard wick that is supported for stability by a rod and / or in a tube, and is partially equipped with an integrated air supply channel. Fig.14. A cross-section of the lamp with lamp cover and its own combustion unit screwed onto the main fuel tank, in which a rod wick, adjusted for the largest possible combustion surface, is immovably anchored in a plastic wick body with an air supply channel by means of a rod wick insertion fixation, and in a closed system the flame damping sleeve with burn time dial pointer has already been calibrated by the manufacturing plant to the permanently mounted burn time dial. The tank wick fuel transfer surface in the main fuel tank consists of an elastic, absorbent material, which draws the fuel from the tank space via a commercially available wick material with a wick support rod and / or wick support tube and integrated air supply channel.In this main fuel tank design, contact for fuel flow from the tank wick fuel transfer surface to the wick fuel transfer surface no longer requires a pressure spring, but is achieved through the natural expansion of the elastic material of the tank wick fuel transfer surface. Fig.15 a cross-section of the lamp with lamp cover with a remotely controlled combustion unit with a partially coated rod wick movable in a guide tube with flame throttling sleeve spring and equipped with a heating coil and flame ignition pins with a wick evaporator head surface set to the smallest possible size, which has a calibration bar or calibration hollow cone truncated cone, which for the calibration process of the flame throttling sleeve in the illustrated model allows an adjustment movement tolerance of the rod wick to the fixedly mounted tank wick fuel transfer surface of up to plus / minus 2 millimeters.A flame throttling sensor counts the light pulses emanating from the flame throttling sleeve gear for flame size control, and a laser beam, shown in the drawing, from a laser fuel level meter is directed through a laser transmission window onto the laser reflection float ring in the main fuel tank and reflected back to the laser fuel level meter. From the resulting time delay, the meter can calculate the current fuel level remaining for further operation. Fig.16. A cross-section of the lamp with lamp cover, featuring a remote-controlled combustion unit with a partially coated rod wick movable in a guide tube with a flame-throttling sleeve spring and equipped with a heating coil and flame-ignition pins, with a wick evaporator head surface set to the largest possible size, which has a calibration bar or calibration hollow cone truncated cone that, for the calibration process of the flame-throttling sleeve in the illustrated model, allows for an adjustment movement tolerance of up to plus / minus 2 millimeters of the rod wick relative to the fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface. For the calibration process, the flame-throttling sleeve is screwed onto the thread by the geared motor until it rests on the calibration bar or calibration hollow cone truncated cone and the resulting resistance switches off the geared motor.This exposes the largest possible wick combustion surface, which is calibrated by the manufacturer for, for example, 6 days of operation. A flame throttling sensor takes over this position and counts the light pulses from the flame throttling sleeve gear for further flame size control. A laser fuel level meter calculates the current fuel level as needed using a light beam reflected by a laser reflector float. Fig. 17 shows a cross-section of the lamp with its cover, featuring a remote-controlled combustion unit with a movable rod wick and a heating coil mounted on the wick guide tube. Ignition pins are attached to the top of the control unit, ensuring that no electrical components are integrated into the rod wick. The wick combustion surface is set to the smallest possible size. The power supply line for the heating coil runs along the wick guide tube.The position of the calibration bar, which can move within a free gap in the wick guide tube, allows for a height difference during component assembly. This tolerance between the wick fuel transfer surface and the tank wick fuel transfer surface is up to plus / minus 2 millimeters and is adjusted to the rod wick by the flame damping sleeve spring on the wick guide tube. An infrared sensor controls the ignition process and monitors the ongoing operating status. A light-controlled flame damping sensor counts the pulses from the flame damping sleeve gear for flame size control, and a laser fuel level meter calculates the current fuel level from the resulting time delay using a reflective laser mirror float in the main fuel tank.The fixed tank-wick fuel transfer surface is supplied with liquid fuel via a commercially available wick supported by a rod and featuring an integrated air supply channel. An infrared sensor controls the ignition process and monitors the presence of a flame throughout the entire operating time. Figures 17, 18, and 19 illustrate a second method of power transmission from the geared motor to the flame-throttling sleeve gear. Figure 18 shows a cross-section of a lamp with a lamp cover, a remote-controlled combustion unit, and a movable heating coil mounted on the wick guide tube. Ignition pins are attached to the top of the control unit, ensuring that the rod wick contains no electrical components and that the combustion surface is set to the largest possible size.The illustration shows the calibration process, in which the flame damping sleeve is screwed onto the control unit thread until the calibration bar experiences resistance on the flame damping sleeve and comes into contact with it. The largest possible wick combustion surface area is thus achieved and has been calibrated by the manufacturer, for example, for 6 operating days. This position setting is taken over by the flame damping sensor and can then be used to adjust any selected flame size via the light pulse counting from the flame damping sleeve gear. Inside the wick guide tube, the flame damping sleeve spring presses the rod wick with its fuel transfer surface against the fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface, allowing for a height difference of plus / minus 2 millimeters during the calibration process. An infrared sensor controls the ignition process and monitors the ongoing operating status. Fig.Figure 19 shows a cross-section of a lamp with a separate lamp cover and a separate, remotely controlled combustion unit with a movable, partially coated rod wick and a heating coil mounted on the wick guide tube, as well as ignition pins attached to the top of the control unit, wherein the rod wick contains no electrical components. The flame damping sleeve spring presses the calibration bars of the rod wick against the threaded end cone, which prevents the rod wick from falling out of the control unit. The tank wick fuel transfer surface on the main fuel tank is sealed with a peel-off sealing film for safe transport and storage. Figure 20 shows a top view of a lamp with the remotely controlled combustion unit, including the rod wick and flame damping sleeve in the center, the ignition pins and the infrared sensor, as well as the photovoltaic panels located on the top and outside of the control unit.A transponder firmly anchored in the vicinity of the light fixture ensures that the remotely controlled light fixture functions exclusively at its installation location. The lamp, designed for electronic remote control or manual operation, consists of two compatible components joined by a screw thread or other connecting device. The main fuel tank 24 is used for both the remotely controlled and manually operated lamps, with fuel flow established by contact between a tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 and a wick fuel transfer surface 6. This contact can be initiated by a tank valve spring 14, a flame damping sleeve spring 13, or by an absorbent, elastic material of the contact surfaces.The wick 56 in the main fuel tank 24 can consist of a rod wick 1, which, in its mechanism, also functions as a fuel inlet valve 28 with a tank valve spring 14 and a tank valve spring end stop 16, and simultaneously controls the air supply channel 17 into the main fuel tank along with the wick movement. In a fuel intermediate storage tank 25, a level control valve 26 ensures a uniform fuel flow from the rod wick 1 to the uncoated wick surface 4. This prevents large pressure differences when the main fuel tank 24 is full or nearly empty, thus achieving a consistently uniform wick saturation, which promotes the most accurate possible adherence to the specified and calibrated operating time. For uniform fuel preparation, a level control valve 26 is assigned to the fuel intermediate storage tank 25 for the fuel flowing into the fuel intermediate storage tank 25, wherein the main fuel tank 24 is sealed gas-tight, and the fuel intermediate storage tank 25 is connected to the ambient air via an air supply duct 17. The liquid fuel can flow from the main fuel tank 24 into the fuel intermediate storage tank 25 until the liquid level in the fuel intermediate storage tank 25 completely closes the inlet opening of the level control valve 26, thus preventing backflow of air from the fuel intermediate storage tank 25 into the main fuel tank 24 via the inlet opening of the level control valve 26 and the fuel intermediate storage tank 25.If the fuel level in the intermediate fuel storage tank 25 falls below the upper edge of the inlet opening of the level control valve 26 leading into the intermediate fuel storage tank 25, air can flow from the intermediate fuel storage tank 25 through the inlet opening of the level control valve 26, across the intermediate fuel storage tank 25, and into the main fuel tank 24. This allows fuel to flow into the intermediate fuel storage tank 25 until the liquid level in the intermediate fuel storage tank 25 is at least at the level of the upper edge of the inlet opening of the level control valve 26. The control function of the conical fuel inlet valve 28 can also be achieved by other known valve designs, such as those used for liquid shut-off controls. The rod wick 1, due to its stable, straight design, provides a high degree of safety for the trouble-free sinking of the laser reflection float ring 49 in the main fuel tank 24, in order to be able to determine the fuel supply in the main fuel tank 24 via a laser fuel filling meter 47. In another main fuel tank design, a commercially available wick material 56, supported by a rod or tube extending to the tank bottom, is connected to a fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface 7. This wick, a straight wick 56, partially integrates an air supply channel 17. On the inside of the tank bottom, this wick 56 is frayed to ensure complete absorption of the liquid fuel. To stabilize the required straight shape of the wick 56, it can be woven around a rod as a support body or be located in a support tube. This is necessary for the proper sinking of the laser reflection float ring 49 within the main fuel tank interior 24.The fixed fuel transfer surface 7 requires movable contact between the fuel transfer surfaces and the combustion unit, except that the fuel transfer surface 7 is made of an absorbent and elastic material. For storage and transport, the fuel transfer surface 7 is additionally provided with a peel-off sealing film 59 and, as with all other main fuel tank designs, closed with a screw-on tank cap 52. A laser transmission window 48, the burn time dial 29 in the burn time dial rail 30, and the operating instructions 32 are located on the top of the main fuel tank 24. The different possible main fuel tank designs necessitate an adaptation of the construction methods for both remotely controlled and manually controlled combustion units. The main fuel tank 24 with a rod wick 1 can be used for the lamps according to the figures Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 , Fig. 6 , Fig. 7 , Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig. 10 , Fig. 11 to Fig. 12 in its design both for electromechanical remote control units and for manual operation via direct access to the flame damping sleeve 8. In the lamp combustion unit Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. 4, the rod wick 1, equipped with a heating coil 20 and flame ignition pins 21, is firmly anchored in a rod wick insertion fixation 10, and the surface of the wick evaporator head 3 is released by screwing the flame throttling sleeve 8 onto the flame throttling sleeve thread 11 via a flame throttling sleeve gear 36, whereby the flame size is simultaneously controlled by a flame throttling measuring sensor 23 by light pulses triggered by the tooth notches of the flame throttling sleeve gear 36.The fuel flow from the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 to the wick fuel transfer surface 6 is established by the pressure exerted by the tank valve spring 14, which moves the rod wick 1 within the tank valve spring end stop 16 and simultaneously opens the fuel inlet valve 28 and the air supply channel 17 at the sealing rings 19. The lamp operation is monitored by the heat-dependent electrical resistance of the heating coil 20, which, after the active heating phase, passively monitors the operating status by temperature detection in the control electronics 44. Lamp operation is terminated when the controlled flame damping sleeve 8 closes the surface of the wick vaporizer head 3 until the flame is extinguished. Figures 5, 6 to 7 show, in different embodiments, an electromechanical wick control in the form of a wick-raising and wick-lowering mechanism, in which motor gears 37 engage in the wick tooth grooves 54 and, via a geared motor 38, release the surface area of ​​the wick vaporizer head 3. Simultaneously, during this transmission of movement to the wick 1 in the main fuel tank 24, within the travel of the tank valve spring stop 16, the fuel inlet valve 28 and the air supply channel 17 are opened, and, conversely, closed again by the pressure effect of the tank valve spring 14 enabled by a return movement of the wick 1. The heating coil 20 and the flame igniter pins 21 are located outside, separate from the movable wick 1, and are fixedly mounted on the top of the control unit. (See Figure 5.)6 The motor gears 37 engage in the protective wick tooth grooves 54 of a plastic wick body 2, in which the rod wick 1 is firmly anchored in a rod wick insertion fixation 10. This allows the use of a rod wick 1 with lower inherent stability and thus less material mass, resulting in faster saturation of the rod wick 56 with liquid fuel for advantageous operation with relatively quick start-up and a relatively short shutdown delay of the lamp. Figure 5 shows a recessed rod wick 1, which exposes the smallest possible surface area of ​​the wick vaporizer head 3 in the flame damping sleeve 8 and simultaneously closes the fuel inlet valve 28 and the air supply channel 17 in the main fuel tank 24, thus extinguishing the flame. Figure 6 shows the largest possible surface area of ​​the wick vaporizer head 3 extending out of the flame damping sleeve 8, at which point the wick ignition process is initiated. The tank valve spring 14 then presses against the wick fuel transfer surface 6 within the tank valve spring end stop 16 in the main fuel tank 24, and simultaneously opens the fuel inlet valve 28 and the air supply channel 17. An infrared sensor 55 controls the ignition process and monitors the ongoing operation of the lamp.A laser fuel level meter 47 sends its light beam from the control unit through a laser transmission window 48 onto the laser reflection float ring 49 in the main fuel tank 24. Using the reflected light beam and the resulting time delay, the current fuel level in the main fuel tank 24 is determined as needed. Fig. 7 shows a top view of the rod wick lifting mechanism, in which the motor gears 37 engage the protective wick tooth grooves 54 of the rod wick 1 on the rectangular side surface of the rod wick. In the area of ​​the flame damping sleeve 8, the rod wick is again round. The laser fuel level meter 47 and the infrared sensor 55, as well as the control electronics 44, the energy storage batteries 45, and the photovoltaic panels 46 on the outside of the control unit required for their power supply, are also shown. Just as the main fuel tank is already used with a rod wick 1 for the electromechanical control unit according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 to Fig. 7, this is also used in the illustrations according to Fig. 8, Fig. 9 to Fig. 10 for a manually operated lamp, which can be set to desired operating times without any electrical components in a very simple design of the combustion unit.The flame damping sleeve thread 11 of the manually adjustable combustion unit is screwed onto the fuel tank thread 12 until the weaker flame damping sleeve spring 13 yields to the counter-pressure of the stronger tank valve spring 14, and the flame damping sleeve opening is retracted into the wick guide tube 9 until it is at the same height as the calibration mark 50 on the rod wick 1, thus placing the burn time dial pointer 31 in a defined position. This calibration mark 50 was, for example, calibrated by the manufacturing plant to 20 with respect to the operating days of the light, so that the burn time dial 29 must then be moved in the burn time dial rail 30 until it is in the position below the burn time dial pointer 31, which displays 20 operating days.In another possible calibration procedure, the wick guide tube 9 has a length calibrated by the manufacturing plant, so that by screwing down the flame damping sleeve 8, the lower flame damping sleeve opening rests on the upper surface of the cone of the wick fuel transfer surface 6, thus exposing the largest possible calibrated wick combustion surface from the flame damping sleeve 8. The burn time dial 29, with the smallest burn time day number, must then be slid under the burn time dial pointer 31. This completes this calibration procedure, and any desired burn time setting can be made on the fixed burn time dial 29 using the burn time dial pointer 31, provided that the "STOP" mark on the burn time dial 29 is not exceeded. Figure 8 shows the smallest possible wick combustion surface, while Figure 9 shows the largest possible wick combustion surface.In Fig. 9, a calibration bar 51 on the plastic wick body 2, in which the rod wick 1 is anchored in a rod wick insertion fixation 10, is used for calibrating the burn time dial 29 to the wick combustion surface of the manually operated lamp. The flame damping sleeve 8 is screwed onto the fuel tank thread 12 with the flame damping sleeve thread 11 until the flame damping sleeve 8 rests on the calibration bar 51 of the plastic wick body 2, thereby exposing the largest possible wick combustion surface through the opening of the flame damping sleeve 8.This wick combustion surface area has already been calibrated by the manufacturer, for example, to six days of operation. Therefore, the burn time dial 29 is moved in the burn time dial rail 30 until the six-day operating time indicator is positioned directly below the burn time dial pointer 31 of the flame damping sleeve 8. This completes the calibration process, and the flame damping sleeve 8 can then be moved back to any desired burn time day indicator, provided that the "STOP" mark is not exceeded. By enclosing the rod wick 1 with a plastic wick body 2, the material mass of the rod wick 1 is kept to a minimum, resulting in faster wick saturation and thus a shorter waiting time for igniting the manually operated lamp. Figure 10 shows the main fuel tank 24 as it is sealed for storage and transport. A tank cap 52 with a sealing ring 19 is screwed onto the fuel tank thread 12 using the flame damping sleeve thread 11. This presses the wick 1 against the tank valve spring pressure, so that the wick 1, inserted into the wick insertion chamber 27, closes the fuel inlet valve 28 and the air supply channel 17. In an alternative embodiment of the tank cap 52, it can be provided with a flame damping sleeve thread 11 and additionally with a housing screw thread 35, thus achieving greater stability. The surface of the tank cap 52 should be corrugated to compensate for stress differences between the flame damping sleeve thread 11 and the housing screw thread 35.For the joint acquisition of the main fuel tank 24 with the combustion unit, the latter is screwed into a fuel tank thread 12 in the light cover 53 with the flame throttling sleeve thread 11. A top view of the main fuel tank 24 is shown in Fig. 11. In the center is the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 and adjacent to it the fuel tank thread 12. The laser transmission window 48 is also located on the top of the main fuel tank, and next to it the burn time dial 29, which is movable in the burn time dial guide rail 30. The "STOP" marking on the burn time dial 29 is particularly highlighted; after the calibration process is complete, the burn time dial pointer 31 must not exceed this mark when setting the operating length. On the outermost surface of the top of the main fuel tank 24, a lamp description and operating instructions 32 are visible, which include the following instructions: a) Screw the flame damping sleeve 8 into the flame damping sleeve thread 11 until the flame damping opening is at the same height as the calibration mark 50 on the wick 56.b) Next, for calibration, align the burn time dial 29 with the flame damping sleeve pointer at 20. c) Then, set the desired operating time using the pointer on the burn time dial 29, without exceeding the STOP position. Fig. 12a shows a top view of the burn time dial 29, which is movable in the burn time dial rail 30, shown separately. This dial 29 could be die-cut and printed from a moisture-resistant cardboard, which is provided with a pressed wave pattern on its outer edges to create resistance to movement of the burn time dial 29 in the burn time dial rail 30. This resistance is intended to prevent unintentional adjustment of the calibration-adjusted position of the burn time dial 29 when setting it to the daily operating time display with the flame damping sleeve 8 and the burn time dial pointer 31. Figure 12b shows a top view of the lamp ready for operation, after the operating length has been manually adjusted and the lamp put into operation. In the center is the rod wick 1, which is enclosed by the wick guide tube 9 and forms a unit with the flame damping sleeve 8. The illustration depicts the calibration process, in which the end of the wick guide tube 9 of the flame damping sleeve 8 is aligned precisely with the calibration mark 50, as shown in Figure 13. Subsequently, the factory-calibrated wick burning surface (20 operating days length) and the movable burn time dial 29 with the 20 operating days indicator are slid into the burn time dial rail 30, below the burn time dial pointer 31, into the same position.Subsequently, any operating duration from six to 32 days can be set using the flame damping sleeve 8 and the burn time dial pointer 31, provided that the "STOP" mark on the burn time dial pointer 31 is not exceeded. If the calibration process were to be carried out using a calibration bar 51, the flame damping sleeve 8 would be screwed by hand onto the fuel tank thread 12 until the flame damping sleeve 8, with the burn time dial pointer 31, comes to rest on the calibration bar 51, as illustrated in Fig. 16. This would expose the largest possible wick burning surface of the manufacturing plant with a calibrated six operating days, and the burning time dial 29 with its six-day burning time display would then have to be pushed under the burning time dial pointer 31, thus completing this calibration process. A further simpler design of the main fuel tank 24 is shown in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 to 20. The tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 is no longer located on a movable rod wick 1, but is fixedly anchored in the main fuel tank 24. An air supply channel 17 leads through the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7, which, during lamp operation, allows ambient air to flow into the gas pressure equalization chamber 39 to equalize the pressure of the consumed fuel. A commercially available wick 56 is used to supply fuel to the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7. For its straightness and to maintain its shape, it is woven around a wick support rod 57 as a support element, for example, and / or enclosed by a wick support tube 58 to the bottom of the tank to ensure its straightness, and is only divided at the bottom of the fuel tank for the surface fuel absorption.The wick 56 can also maintain its stable, straight shape through chemical treatment, ensuring that the laser reflection float 49 can sink smoothly to the bottom of the main fuel tank 24 during fuel consumption. The descent of the laser reflection float 49 can also be guided by another element, such as the inner wall 24 of the main fuel tank. However, this would require a larger diameter for the laser reflection float and a larger laser transmission window area. This is intended to ensure that the laser reflection float 49 can sink reliably to the bottom of the main fuel tank to measure the current fuel level.With the exception that the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 is elastic and absorbent, the contact for the fuel flow from the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 to the wick fuel transfer surface 6 must be established by pressure effect of the flame throttling sleeve spring 13 from the wick fuel transfer surface 6. Figure 13 shows the calibration process, in which the end of the wick guide tube 9 is at the same height as the calibration mark 50, and the burn time dial 29, with the 20 operating day indication, is moved in the burn time dial rail 30 in alignment with the burn time dial pointer 31. The flame damping sleeve spring 13 presses the movable rod wick 1 in the wick guide tube 9 against the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 and maintains the contact pressure permanently, even when the height of the flame damping sleeve 8 is adjusted by the operating time settings. Figure 14 shows a manually operated lamp consisting of a main fuel tank 24 with a fixed fuel transfer surface 7 made of an elastic and absorbent material, which provides the contact for the fuel flow to the fuel transfer surface 6. A standard wick 56 supplies fuel to the fuel transfer surface 7. To maintain its straight shape, the wick is woven around a support rod 57 and / or guided to the bottom of the tank in a support tube 58, where it is divided into sections to receive fuel.The combustion unit consists of a completely self-contained, screwed-on fuel tank cover, on which the entire functional unit, from the wick 1 to the burn time dial 29 and the operating instructions 32, is located. The fully self-contained combustion unit comprises a fixed wick 1, which is anchored in a plastic wick body 2 by a wick insertion retainer 10. The air supply channel 17 also passes through this plastic wick body 2. The flame damping sleeve 8 with the burn time dial pointer 31 is also screwed onto this plastic wick body 2. Calibration of the flame damping sleeve 8 to the burn time dial 29 is no longer necessary, as this complete system has already been calibrated by the manufacturer, and no changes to the calibration settings occur when the combustion unit is screwed onto the fuel tank 24.The operating time is not set according to the movable burn time dial 29 of the main fuel tank 24, but is set with the burn time dial pointer 31 on the burn time dial 29, which is calibrated by the manufacturing plant and mounted immovably on the screwed-on main fuel tank cover. Figures 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 to 20 show a main fuel tank 24 with a stationary tank wick fuel transfer surface 7, onto which remotely controlled combustion units are screwed. These units are equipped with different rod wick ignition systems. In Figure 15, a rod wick 1 is used, in which the heating coil 20 and the flame ignition pins 21 are integrated into the wick vaporizer head 3. The flame damping sleeve 8 is adjusted to achieve the smallest possible surface area of ​​the wick vaporizer head 3. When screwing on the combustion unit, slight height differences may occur between the two fuel flow contact surfaces of the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 and the wick fuel transfer surface 6. In the described design, these differences may have a tolerance of up to plus / minus 2 millimeters.The flame damping sleeve spring 13 presses the rod wick 1 against the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 to an indeterminate degree, so that the flame damping sleeve 8 must first be calibrated. In Fig. 15, the flame damping sleeve 8 exposes a very small surface area of ​​the wick vaporizer head 3. Further flame damping by the flame damping sleeve 8 extinguishes the flame and takes the lamp out of operation. In the illustration of Fig. 16, for the calibration process, the flame damping sleeve 8 is screwed onto the thread until the calibration bar 51 or a calibration hollow cone truncated cone exerts resistance on the flame damping sleeve 8. The flame damping sleeve 8, now at rest, transmits its position via the flame damping sleeve gear 36 to a flame damping measuring sensor 23. This sensor then records the largest possible wick evaporator head surface area 3, which has been calibrated by the manufacturer, for example, for six days of operation, into its light pulse counter and uses this information as a reference point for further flame size adjustments and burn time calculations.A laser fuel level meter 47 sends its light beam through a laser transmission window 48 to the laser reflection float ring 49 in the main fuel tank 24 when required, which allows the current fuel level to be calculated by reflecting the light beam back to the laser fuel level meter 47 in the control electronics 44. In the construction of the lamp shown in Figures 17, 18, 19 to 20, a main fuel tank 24 with a fixedly anchored fuel transfer surface 7 is used, where the flame damping sleeve 8 must first be calibrated to the wick combustion surface. The rod wick 1, which is partially provided with a coated wick surface 5, contains no electrical components, thus simplifying its manufacture. The heating coil 20 is mounted on the wick guide tube 9 and transfers the heat energy during ignition through the wall of the wick guide tube 9 to the rod wick 1 via an adjacent contact. The power transmission line 40, which serves as a power supply line 42 for the heating coil, is routed on the wick guide tube 9. The flame ignition pins 21 are attached to the top of the control unit.The movement clearances of the calibration bar 51 and the heating coil 20 are sufficiently taken into account for the calibration process. The permissible height difference between the tank wick fuel transfer surface 7 and the wick fuel transfer surface 6 of the assembled lamp components, fuel main tank 24 and combustion unit, must not exceed a tolerance of plus / minus 2 millimeters in the illustrations shown in Figs. 17, 18, 19 to 20. Fig. 17 shows a very small wick combustion surface, where the flame can be extinguished and the lamp taken out of service by further unscrewing the flame damping sleeve 8. Figure 18 shows the lamp during the calibration process and its commissioning by ignition at the wick 1 with the fuel transfer surface 7 in a neutral position and without any deviation in height. The calibration bar 51 can move within a gap in the wick guide tube 9. The flame damping sleeve 8 rests on the calibration bar 51 by being screwed down, thus coming to a standstill. The largest possible exposed wick combustion surface was thereby calibrated, for example, by the manufacturing plant for six operating days. This value is taken over by the flame damping sensor 23 and used as a basis for further flame damping adjustments and subsequent operating time calculations by counting light pulses at the flame damping sensor 23 and the flame damping sleeve gear 36.The position of the rod wick 1 with calibration bar 51 and heating coil 20 would allow the fuel transfer surface 7 of the tank wick to be raised or lowered by 2 millimeters, thus enabling a new calibration process. An infrared sensor 55 controls the ignition process and continuously monitors the ongoing operation of the light. When required, a laser fuel level meter 47 sends a light beam through a laser transmission window 48, which is designed, for example, as a ring window, to the laser reflection float 49 in the main fuel tank 24. Based on the float's lowered position and the resulting time delay of the reflected light beam, the current fuel level is calculated. In the illustration of Fig. 19, the individual lamp components are shown separately. The main fuel tank 24, with the fixedly mounted fuel transfer surface 7, is sealed with a peel-off sealing film 59. In the control unit, the rod wick 1 is pressed downwards by the flame damping sleeve spring 13 and comes to rest with the calibration bar 51 on the truncated threaded cone surface. The wick combustion surface is recessed for protection in the flame damping sleeve 8. The lamp cover 53, with the air supply and water drainage openings 33 and exhaust openings 34, is also separate from the control unit.The illustrated transponder 60 is intended to enable the unattended commissioning and operation of the remotely controlled light only at its installation location, by cementing this small electronic component in an inaccessible location in a drilled hole in the gravestone, for example when the light is used on graves, and by ensuring that the control electronics 44 of the light only function fully and forward control commands when the transponder 60 is within a specified range of the light. Fig. 20 shows a top view of the lamp depicted in Figs. 17, 18 to 19. In the center is the rod wick 1, which is enclosed by the flame damping sleeve 8. Also shown are the two flame ignition pins 21 and the infrared sensor 55, which controls the ignition process and monitors the lamp's operation. Photovoltaic panels 46, which supply the energy storage batteries 45 with electrical current, are located on the top and outside of the control unit. Reference sign 1 Rod wick 2 Plastic wick body 3 Wick evaporator head 4 Uncoated wick surface 5 Coated wick surface 6 Wick fuel transfer surface 7 Tank wick fuel transfer surface 8 Flame damping sleeve 9 Wick guide tube 10 Rod wick insertion fixation 11 Flame damping sleeve thread 12 Fuel tank thread 13 Flame damping sleeve spring 14 Tank valve spring 15 Damping sleeve spring end stop 16 Tank valve spring end stop 17 Air supply channel 18 Capillary tube 19 Sealing ring 20 Heating coil 21 Flame ignition pin 22 Humidity sensor 23 Flame damping sensor 24 Main fuel tank 25 Fuel intermediate storage 26 Level control valve 27 Wick insertion chamber 28 Fuel inlet valve 29 Burn time dial 30 Burn time dial rail 31 Burn time dial pointer 32 Operating instructions 33 Air supply and water drainage opening 34 Exhaust opening 35 Housing screw thread 36 Flame throttling sleeve gear 37 Motor gear 38 Geared motor 39Gas pressure equalization chamber 40 Power transmission line 41 Ground current supply line 42 Heating coil current supply line 43 Ignition pin current supply line 44 Control electronics 45 Energy storage battery 46 Photovoltaic panels 47 Laser fuel filler gauge 48 Laser transmission window 49 Laser reflection float ring 50 Calibration mark 51 Calibration bar 52 Tank screw cap 53 Light cover 54 Rod wick tooth grooves 55 Infrared sensor 56 Wick 57 Wick support rod 58 Wick support tube 59 Peel-off sealing film 60 Transponder

Claims

Lamp with a liquid fuel-operated light source, the divided rod wick (1) of which is divided between a main fuel tank (24) for fuel supply and a controllable combustion unit, wherein the rod wick (1) associated with the main fuel tank (24) is provided with a tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) which establishes contact with a wick fuel transfer surface (6) of the controllable combustion unit via a tank valve spring (14), and a fuel intermediate storage tank (25) is provided in which liquid fuel can flow from the main fuel tank (24) via a level control valve (26) until the fuel level in the fuel intermediate storage tank (25) no longer allows compensating air to flow from an air supply channel (17) into the closed main fuel tank (24) and thus the fuel flow from the main fuel tank (24) into the fuel intermediate storage tank (25) is stopped.or in which, in the case of a main fuel tank (24) with a commercially available wick (56), this is connected to a fixedly anchored tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), in which contact with the wick fuel transfer surface (6) is established by the flame throttling sleeve spring (13) of the combustion unit, and in the case of the main fuel tank (24) with the movable rod wick (1), the screwed-on, remotely controlled combustion unit is fixedly anchored in a rod wick insertion fixing (10), and the movable flame throttling sleeve (8) exposes the wick vaporizer head surface (3), which is calculated for a predetermined burning time by a control electronics (44) and adjusted by the geared motor (38) via a flame throttling sleeve gear (36) using the flame throttling measuring sensor (23).or, in the case of the manually adjustable combustion unit, by screwing the flame throttling sleeve (8) onto the fuel tank thread (12), the stronger tank valve spring (14) pushes back the weaker flame throttling sleeve spring (13), and, in flame regulation, the flame throttling sleeve (8) compresses the weaker flame throttling sleeve spring (13), and the wick guide tube (9) exposes an increasingly larger wick combustion surface on the rod wick (1), or, in the case of the main fuel tank (24) with a fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) and the wick (56), the screwed-on,In the remotely controlled combustion unit, the movable rod wick (1) makes contact between the wick fuel transfer surface (6) and the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) by means of pressure exerted by the flame throttling sleeve spring (13), thereby establishing the fuel flow. Subsequently, the wick vaporizer head surface (3) is calibrated for the remotely controllable burn time settings using a calibration bar (51). Similarly, in the manually adjustable combustion unit, the rod wick (1) presses the wick fuel transfer surface (6) with the flame throttling sleeve spring (13) against the stationary tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) to make contact, and the burn time dial (29) with the calibrated burn time day indication is aligned with the calibration specification of the calibration mark (50) or the calibration bar (51) for the flame throttling sleeve (8), and with the burn time dial pointer (31). Lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that both the movable rod wick (1) and the immovably anchored wick (56) of the main fuel tank (24) are equipped with a tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), and in the controllable combustion unit the rod wick (1) is equipped with the wick fuel transfer surface (6), which are brought together by the tank valve spring (14) and / or the flame throttling sleeve spring (13) and thus ensure a continuous fuel flow when the two lamp components, namely the main fuel tank (24) and the combustion unit, are screwed together, and in order to increase the two contact surfaces for the area-distributed fuel flow, the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) and the adjacent wick fuel transfer surface (6) are designed in an interlocking wave shape in their contact surfaces.so that the fuel flow is distributed more widely and the capillary rise of the two contact surfaces is improved. Lamp according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that in the main fuel tank (24) the rod wick (1) is movable by the pressure action of the tank valve spring (14) within a tank valve spring end stop (16) and thus the fuel supply valve (28) in the wick insertion chamber (27) and simultaneously the air supply channel (17) can be opened at two sealing rings (19), and these opened valves can be closed again by a greater counter-pressure action than that of the tank valve spring (14) on the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), originating from the wick fuel transfer surface (6) or from a tank screw cap (52). Luminaire according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a laser reflection float ring (49) is arranged in the main fuel tank (24), which reflects light signals emitted by a laser fuel filling meter (47) through a laser transmission window (48) into the main fuel tank (24) back to the latter and calculates the current fuel supply in the main fuel tank (24) from the time delay. Lamp according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a fuel intermediate storage (25) is installed in the main fuel tank (24) with the rod wick (1), which ensures a constant wick saturation on the rod wick (1) when the main fuel tank (24) is full to almost empty, in that only as much fuel can flow from the main fuel tank (24) into the fuel intermediate storage (25) as can be compensated by the drop in fuel level at the level control valve (26), allowing compensating air to flow through the air supply channel (17) via the fuel intermediate storage (25) into the closed main fuel storage (24) via the fuel intermediate storage (25), thus promoting the most accurate possible adherence to the calibrated daily specifications. Lamp according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in the remotely controlled lamp, when the two lamp components are joined with a main fuel tank (24) with a stationary tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), the movable rod wick (1) with its wick fuel transfer surface (6) must adapt to the stationary tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) by means of the pressure effect of the flame throttling sleeve spring (13), and because of possible height inaccuracies of the two fuel contact transfer surfaces in this lamp design, the position of the calibrated wick combustion surface must be determined by a calibration bar (51), a wick-type-dependent calibration hollow cone, or other resistance-inducing element such as a rivet or screw connection through or on the rod wick (1).in which the flame throttling sleeve (8) comes to rest on the calibration bar (51) by being screwed down and is brought to a standstill by the resistance, and this largest possible released wick combustion surface area is calibrated by the manufacturer to a specific fuel consumption, so that this is taken over by the flame throttling measuring sensor (23) as a reference basis and the further flame size settings as well as operation-related computer calculations can be carried out by counting the light pulses of the flame throttling measuring sensor (23) on the flame throttling sleeve gear (36). Lamp according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in the case of the manually adjustable lamp, when the two lamp components are joined with a main fuel tank (24) with a movable or fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), the movable rod wick (1) with its wick fuel transfer surface (6) must adapt to the movable or fixed tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) by means of the pressure effect of the flame throttling sleeve spring (13), and in this lamp design, an adjustment must be made from the burn time dial (29) to the calibrated wick combustion surface area by screwing the flame throttling sleeve (8) onto the fuel tank thread (12) until the opening of the wick guide tube (9) with the calibration mark (50) on the rod wick (1), which has been calibrated, for example, by the manufacturing plant to 20 burn time days, is at the same height.and then the burn time dial (29) is moved in the burn time dial rail (30) until the 20-day indicator of the burn time dial (29) is located exactly below the burn time dial pointer (31), or calibration can also be carried out by screwing down the flame damping sleeve (8) and this thereby resting on a calibration bar (51) on the rod wick (1) or plastic wick body (2), or the length of the wick guide tube (9) has been determined by the manufacturing plant such that when it slides back on the rod wick (1) and the lower wick guide tube opening rests on the conical surface of the upper wick fuel transfer surface (6), it exposes the largest possible and calibrated wick combustion surface, so that this largest possible achievable wick combustion surface area has already been calibrated by the manufacturing plant to, for example, six operating days, whereby a further,The more forceful screwing down of the flame damping sleeve (8) than that on the weaker flame damping sleeve spring (13) onto the stronger tank valve spring (14) on the movable tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) must no longer be carried out for the calibration process, as the burn time dial pointer (31) no longer indicates the correct calibration number of days. However, for decommissioning the manually adjustable lamp, by further screwing down the flame damping sleeve (8) on a longer fuel tank thread (12) in the main fuel tank (24), the retracting rod wick (1) could close the fuel inlet valve (28) and the air supply channel (17), whereby, for calibration adjustment, the burn time dial (29) is moved in the burn time dial rail (30) until the calibrated burn time number, in this case six operating days, is located below the burn time dial pointer (31).which completes the calibration process and subsequently allows any desired number of days of burning time to be set on the fixed burning time dial (29) by turning the flame throttling sleeve (8) with the burning time dial pointer (31), without, however, exceeding the “STOP” mark on the burning time dial (29). Lamp with a liquid fuel-operated light source, the divided rod wick (1) of which is divided between a main fuel tank (24) for fuel supply and a controllable combustion unit, wherein the rod wick (1) associated with the main fuel tank (24) is provided with a tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), wherein in the main fuel tank (24) the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) is made of an elastic, absorbent material which establishes contact for the fuel flow from the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7) to a wick fuel transfer surface (6) of the controllable combustion unit, and a fuel intermediate storage (25) is provided into which liquid fuel can flow from the main fuel tank (24) via a level control valve (26) for as long as necessary.until the fuel level in the intermediate fuel storage tank (25) no longer allows compensating air to flow from an air supply channel (17) into the closed main fuel tank (24), thus preventing the fuel flow from the main fuel tank (24) to the intermediate fuel storage tank (25), and the screwed-on, remotely controlled combustion unit with the movable rod wick (1) is immovably anchored in a rod wick insertion fixation (10) in the main fuel tank (24), and the movable flame throttling sleeve (8) exposes the wick evaporator head surface (3), which is calculated by a control electronics (44) for a predetermined burn time and adjusted by the geared motor (38) via a flame throttling sleeve gear (36) using the flame throttling measuring sensor (23). Lamp according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in a remotely controlled lamp with a wick raising and lowering mechanism, wick tooth grooves (54) are arranged horizontally and / or vertically on the wick (56), which is shaped as a rod wick (1) or as a plastic wick body (2), on which motor drive gears (37) engage and change the height position of the rod wick (1) or plastic wick body (2), if necessary via a threaded guide, and the flame throttling sleeve (8) releases a controlled wick combustion surface by means of the change in position of the rod wick (1) or plastic wick body (2), and this change in position of the rod wick (1) or plastic wick body (2) is also transmitted to a rod wick (1) or plastic wick body (2) in the main fuel tank (24), which thereby controls the fuel supply valve (28) and the air supply channel. (17) close,or, by reducing the pressure on the tank wick fuel transfer surface (7), the tank valve spring (14) can lift the rod wick (1) again to a tank valve spring end stop (16), on which the sealing ring (19) of the tank screw cap (52) can also rest when the main fuel tank is closed, and reopen the fuel inlet valve (28) and the air supply channel (17). The use of a plastic wick body (2), in which a rod wick (1) with a lower absorbent material mass is anchored in a rod wick insertion fixation (10), also achieves high rod wick functional stability, which advantageously requires a smaller wick saturation quantity and thus results in shorter wick saturation times during start-up.as well as a shorter flame extinguishing delay during controlled shutdown of the lamp. Similar operational advantages are also achieved by encasing a slim rod wick (1) with a plastic wick body (2) in the main fuel tank (24), which also requires a lower wick saturation quantity and results in faster start-up and a shorter shutdown time. Luminaire according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the remotely controllable luminaire the luminaire commissioning as well as the permanent operational monitoring is controlled and monitored by the control electronics (44), in that a moisture measuring sensor (22) measures the wick saturation with fuel on the rod wick (1), the heating coil (20) after its active heating phase as a thermal resistance transmits the wick evaporator head temperature to the control electronics (44) and an infrared sensor (55) confirms the presence of a flame. Luminaire according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that photovoltaic panels (46) for supplying power to the energy storage batteries (45) are mounted on the top and outside of the control unit of the remotely controllable luminaire, and the control electronics (44) are only fully activated and forward control instructions when the externally stored transponder (60) is within a predetermined range of the control electronics (44), thus ensuring secure location-bound operation during unattended remote ignition of the luminaire. Luminaire according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the flame throttling sleeve (8) is provided with a flame throttling sleeve gear (36) into which a motor gear (37) engages, which in different versions is driven by a geared motor (38) and the teeth of the flame throttling sleeve gear (36) interrupt the light beam of the flame throttling measuring sensor (23) in pulses as they move, so that a counter in the control electronics (44) receives data for the control output for the flame size control. Luminaire according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the luminaire available via a control electronics (44) can also be used without remotely controllable function commands with a programmable automatic operation which automatically starts and stops operating based on time specifications and / or daylight brightness and thereby enables more economical and optically effective lighting tasks to be achieved over longer periods with the available fuel supply. Luminaire according to claims 1 to 7, but at least claim 4, characterized in that when using a conventional wick (56) in the main fuel tank (24), the wick is woven around a wick support rod (57) and / or arranged in a wick support tube (58) to maintain its straight shape and thus ensure that the laser reflection float ring (49) arranged around the wick (56) sinks without interference during fuel consumption, or the laser reflection float ring (49) is guided on the inner wall of the main fuel tank. Lamp according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a fuel tank thread (12) is provided in the lamp cover (53), into which the flame throttling sleeve (8) can be screwed for transport and storage of the lamp, wherein the lamp cover (53) has exhaust openings (34) and air supply and water drainage openings (33).

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