Braking system of a rail vehicle

Abstract

A braking system for a rail vehicle, comprising at least one brake pad (3) having a friction lining (32) assigned to a wheel or a brake disc (2) arranged non-rotatably on the wheel, at least one clamping device (4) and a control device for controlling the clamping device (4), wherein the control device has a control valve (5) coupled to a main air line (7) and a compressed air reservoir (6), and wherein at least one brake pad (3) is associated with at least one collection container (8) for collecting brake dust generated during a braking process, wherein a vacuum generator (9) for generating a vacuum in the collection container (8) is coupled to the collection container (8) in an air-open manner, is designed such that a Venturi scrubber (12) is functionally assigned to the vacuum generator (9).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a braking system for a rail vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Such braking systems are well known and are described, for example, in DE 10 2011 113 073 B4.

[0003] When a rail vehicle brakes and a brake pad is pressed against a brake disc or wheel, the friction creates abrasion in the form of brake dust.

[0004] In order to prevent this brake dust from entering the environment and polluting it, it is known to vacuum the brake dust and deposit it in a collection container.

[0005] DE 20 2007 000 244 U1 discloses a braking system in which the resulting brake dust is passed through a filter element by means of an air flow passing over the brake disc and the brake pads, the air flow being generated by a Venturi tube arranged on a clean room side of the filter.

[0006] DE 11 2013 005 330 T5 describes a particle catcher with an impeller, in which the impeller is driven by a roller pressed against the brake disc or the vehicle wheel and a negative pressure for sucking out the brake dust is generated via a suction pipe arranged at the friction contact.

[0007] A disadvantage of the above-mentioned state of the art is, among other things, the continuous operation of the suction system, which leads to increased energy loss and a reduction in the service life of the braking system as a whole.

[0008] To remedy this situation, DE 10 2020 100 328 A1 proposes a braking system in which brake dust is extracted only during braking. In principle, the design defined therein has proven successful.

[0009] However, all known braking systems are designed in such a way that the brake dust is collected in a container, which has to be emptied or replaced after filling, which is complex, time-consuming and costly.

[0010] Regardless, such a collection container requires a corresponding amount of space, including for the necessary installation, which contradicts the constant demand for a compact design.

[0011] Since the amount of brake dust collected is difficult to estimate, the fill level is monitored using appropriate functional parts, which naturally also involves relatively high costs both in terms of procurement and operation.

[0012] Dust filters, which are provided in the known braking systems, also consume a part of the flow energy actually required for the extraction, so that, in addition to the aforementioned disadvantages, the known braking systems do not meet the requirements.

[0013] From CN 205 833 803 U a device for extracting abrasion particles produced during braking is known, in which the abrasion particles are exposed to moisture.

[0014] The invention is based on the object of further developing a braking system of the generic type in such a way that its functionality is improved.

[0015] This object is achieved by a braking system having the features of claim 1.

[0016] By using a Venturi scrubber according to the invention, the extremely small particles of brake dust are converted into larger particles, which are present as water droplets with embedded brake dust particles, which enables release directly into the environment without collecting the brake dust, as is required in the prior art.

[0017] Since the small particle size of the brake dust produced by abrasion poses an environmental hazard if disposed of immediately, as in the prior art, this risk no longer exists with a brake system according to the invention.

[0018] The previously required time-consuming cleaning of exhaust air as well as the collection and regular disposal of brake dust are now no longer necessary, which naturally also contributes to cost minimization.

[0019] Furthermore, the invention can be implemented with little design and manufacturing effort since, as mentioned, on the one hand, a collection container for the brake dust can be dispensed with and, on the other hand, a Venturi washer can be used as a component known per se.

[0020] For the Venturi scrubber to function, all that is required is a container for a small amount of a suitable liquid, preferably water, which is sprayed into the Venturi scrubber and binds the fine abrasion particles so that they cannot escape into the environment.

[0021] Although a water tank is required, its dimensions are considerably smaller than those of the collection tanks previously used, so that the space required to accommodate the braking system can be kept correspondingly smaller.

[0022] According to the invention, the vacuum generator is coupled to a control device with which the brake application device can be controlled, as is known from DE 10 2020 100 328 A1. This means that the suction only occurs when braking occurs, resulting in corresponding wear of the friction material.

[0023] The vacuum generator can be located downstream of the Venturi washer in the direction of brake dust flow, with the fluid reservoir located in the brake dust inlet area. However, it is also conceivable in principle to position the vacuum generator upstream of the Venturi washer in the direction of brake dust flow.

[0024] Furthermore, existing braking systems, in particular the one known from DE 10 2020 100 328 A1, can also be configured according to the invention, since only the collecting tank has to be removed and the Venturi washer has to be installed.

[0025] The control device, which in addition to a brake pad that can be pressed against a brake disc or a wheel in the event of braking, the braking system has a compressed air tank that is coupled to a control valve that is connected to a main air line.

[0026] The vacuum generator is connected to the collection container into which the brake dust is directly collected, whereby the extraction is carried out using compressed air that is already available for the brake function.

[0027] The vacuum generator can be designed as an injector, which is cost-effective to manufacture and can be used in any operating condition.

[0028] In order to reduce an overpressure present in the main air line or the compressed air tank, a throttle valve is arranged between the vacuum generator and the control valve, as provided according to a further idea of ​​the invention.

[0029] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

[0030] An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The single figure shows a schematic representation of the braking system according to the invention.

[0032] The figure shows schematically a preferably electropneumatic braking system for a rail vehicle, such a rail vehicle usually having several wagons with bogies with wheel axles.

[0033] Each wheel axle is assigned electro-pneumatically actuated brake systems, each with a brake pad 3 which is pressed against a brake disc 2 arranged on the wheel in a rotationally fixed manner or against the wheel itself during braking, whereby brake dust is released by abrasion on the friction pair.

[0034] Furthermore, an application device 4 is provided, with which the brake pad 3 is pressed against the brake disc 2 or the wheel by means of compressed air.

[0035] To control the application device 4, a control device is provided which has a control valve 5 coupled to a main air line 7 and a compressed air tank 6.

[0036] The brake application device 4 essentially consists of a pneumatic brake cylinder, which applies the brake pressure to the brake pad 3. The control valve 5 can be pneumatically and / or electronically controlled to provide the desired brake pressure.

[0037] In the example, a collecting container 8 is assigned to the brake pad 3 for collecting the brake dust generated during braking. The collecting container 8 is coupled to a vacuum generator 9 for generating a vacuum in the collecting container 8. As a result, the brake dust generated during braking is sucked from the brake pad 3 into the collecting container 8.

[0038] Furthermore, the brake pad 3 has a pad holder 31 and a friction pad 32 connected thereto, which contacts the brake disc 2 in the event of braking.

[0039] In order to ensure that the vacuum generator 9 is only in operation when the application device 4 is activated for braking, the vacuum generator 9 can be controlled via the control device, preferably via the control valve 5.

[0040] For presetting the negative pressure to be generated by the negative pressure generator 9, a throttle valve 11 is arranged between the negative pressure generator 9 and the control valve 5 in a pressure line 10.

[0041] In order to generate a suction in the interior of the collecting container 8, a pipe is connected to the collecting container 8, which pipe opens into a lateral opening of the vacuum generator 9.

[0042] According to the invention, a Venturi washer 12 is connected to the vacuum generator 9, viewed in the flow direction of the brake dust indicated by an arrow, which is open to the environment, wherein the discharge of dust particles coated with liquid droplets is illustrated by a beam of rays.

[0043] Instead of arranging the Venturi scrubber 12 downstream of the vacuum generator 9 in the flow direction of the brake dust, it is also possible to position it upstream of the vacuum generator 9. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS 2 brake discs 3 brake pad 4 clamping device 5 Control valve 6 compressed air tanks 7 Main air line 8 collection containers 9 vacuum generators 10 pressure line 11 Throttle valve 12 Venturi scrubbers 31 pad holders 32 Friction lining

Claims

[1] Braking system for a rail vehicle, comprising at least one brake pad (3) having a friction lining (32) and associated with a wheel or a brake disc (2) arranged on the wheel in a rotationally fixed manner, at least one brake application device (4) and a control device for controlling the brake application device (4), wherein the control device comprises a control valve (5) coupled to a main air line (7) and a compressed air tank (6), and at least one collecting container (8) for collecting brake dust generated during a braking operation is associated with the at least one brake pad (3), wherein a vacuum generator (9) for generating a vacuum in the collecting container (8) is coupled to the collecting container (8) in an air-open manner, characterized by that a Venturi washer (12) is functionally assigned to the vacuum generator (9) and the vacuum generator (9) can be controlled together with the control device via the control device for controlling the application device (4). [2] Braking system according to claim 1, characterized by that the Venturi scrubber (12) is arranged in front of the vacuum generator (9) in the flow direction of the brake dust. [3] Braking system according to claim 2, characterized by that the Venturi scrubber (12) is positioned after the vacuum generator (9) in the flow direction of the brake dust. [4] Braking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the vacuum generator (9) is designed as an injector. [5] Braking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a throttle valve (11) is arranged between the vacuum generator (9) and the control valve (5). [6] Braking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the Venturi washer (12) has a liquid container at the inlet of the brake dust for spraying liquid into the interior of the Venturi washer (12). [7] Braking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the outlet of the Venturi scrubber (12) is open to the environment.

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