Method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis using a fixing key as a spacer

Abstract

Method for manufacturing or preparing for the manufacture of a dental prosthesis (90), wherein the dental prosthesis (90) comprises a denture base (40, 71, 92) and several denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), wherein the denture base (40, 71, 92) comprises a gum-colored plastic, wherein the method is carried out using a virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model of the dental prosthesis (90) to be manufactured, and wherein the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model comprises virtual denture teeth (4) and a virtual denture base (1), characterized by the following chronological steps: A) Calculating a virtual model of a fixation key (10, 30, 70), wherein a virtual first surface of the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30,70) as a first negative of an outer shape of vestibular surfaces (9) and / or coronal surfaces (6) of the virtual denture teeth (4) is calculated, and a second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70) is calculated as a second negative from an outer shape of vestibular surfaces (5) of the virtual denture base (1) of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, whereby a position and orientation of the virtual denture teeth (4) relative to each other and relative to the virtual denture base (1) is preserved in the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70); B) Manufacturing a fixation key (10, 30, 70) using a CAM process based on data from the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70); C) Inserting denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) into the in step B) manufactured fixing keys (10, 30, 70), wherein vestibular surfaces (74, 99) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72,94) and / or coronal surfaces (66, 73) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are attached to a first surface (15, 35, 81) of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) shaped according to the first virtual surface; andD) Arranging the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on a denture base (40, 71, 92), wherein the denture base (40, 71, 92) has tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or at least one tooth groove (46) along a dental arch of the denture base (40, 71, 92) for receiving basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), wherein the fixing key (10, 30, 70) fitted with the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) is applied to the denture base (40, 71, 92) such that at least a part of a vestibular surface (50, 78, 98) of the denture base (40, 71, 92) is applied to a second surface (18, 38, 79) of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) shaped according to the second virtual surface and that the basal ends (28, 68,75) the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are spaced apart from the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing or preparing for the manufacture of a dental prosthesis, wherein the dental prosthesis comprises a denture base and several denture teeth, wherein the denture base is made of a gum-colored plastic, wherein the method is carried out using a virtual three-dimensional model of the dental prosthesis to be produced, and wherein the virtual three-dimensional model includes virtual denture teeth and a virtual denture base. The invention also relates to a dental prosthesis and a fixation key manufactured using such a method, and to a device for carrying out the method.

[0002] Alongside traditional craftsmanship, digital manufacturing methods are gaining increasing importance in the dental field. For several years now, dental prostheses and other dental components, such as dentures, crowns, bridges, and bite splints, have been manufactured subtractively using CAD / CAM technologies in milling processes (CAM - Computer-Aided Manufacturing, CAD - Computer-Aided Design). CAD / CAM processes are also increasingly used in the fabrication and design of dental prostheses, including partial and complete dentures with a denture base for resting on the gingiva and prosthetic teeth attached or arranged within it.

[0003] In the digital design of prosthetic work, especially partial or complete dentures, the construction is divided into a "white" or tooth-colored tooth component (the denture teeth) and a gum-colored ("pink") denture base component (the denture base). Dental prostheses therefore consist of a gum-colored or pink base and tooth-colored components (denture teeth).

[0004] A CAD / CAM method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis is known from WO 91 / 07141 A1, in which a prosthesis base is milled from a plastic block based on an impression. There are methods, such as those known from DE 10 2009 056 752 A1 or WO 2013 / 124 452 A1, in which a partial or complete dental prosthesis is digitally designed and produced using CAD / CAM technology. Patent DE 103 04 757 B4 discloses a method for manufacturing dental prostheses in which the teeth are virtually set up in a virtual model and a prosthesis base is manufactured based on this virtual model. EP 2 742 906 A1 discloses a method in which a dental arch is bonded to an impression material, the impression material being contained in a customized impression tray and containing an impression of the patient's oral cavity.The surface of the form containing the dental arch is digitized, and then a virtual model of the dental arch is computationally positioned and oriented as closely as possible within the virtual model of the denture base. From DE 103 04 757 B4, a method for manufacturing dental prostheses is known in which the teeth are virtually set up in a virtual model, and a denture base is then manufactured based on this virtual model.

[0005] WO 2016 / 110 392 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis in which a plastically deformable connecting element is inserted into tooth sockets of a denture base to allow manual correction of the alignment of the denture teeth in the denture base. EP 2 571 451 B1 and EP 2 666 438 A2 disclose methods for manufacturing dental prostheses in which prefabricated denture teeth are embedded in wax in a holder and subsequently milled cervically using a CAM process. It is necessary to shorten the denture teeth basally (or cervically) to adapt the tooth height to the patient's jaw, i.e., to adjust the bite height of the dental prosthesis to the patient's needs. WO 2014 / 159 436 A1 discloses a layered dental prosthesis with a reinforcement in the prosthesis base, which is cast into a basal cavity.

[0006] In both additive and subtractive manufacturing, the connection between the denture base and denture teeth presents a significant challenge. This connection is typically achieved through bonding, but the quality of the transitions is prone to errors due to the use of too little or too much adhesive, as well as the correct positioning of the denture teeth during bonding. While available one-piece, two-color (gum-colored and tooth-colored) milling blanks or bodies offer excellent layer bonding, the aesthetics are always a compromise and therefore unsatisfactory due to the predetermined phase boundaries.

[0007] German patent DE 10 2017 117 4912 A1 discloses a method for producing a dental prosthesis in which a prosthesis base is milled in two steps and the prosthesis teeth are subsequently attached to the prosthesis base. Spacers are arranged in the tooth sockets to which the prosthesis teeth are attached, or on the basal surfaces of the prosthesis teeth themselves, to ensure a defined bonding gap when the prosthesis teeth are inserted into the tooth sockets. For this to work, the tooth sockets must be manufactured to precisely match the basal surfaces of the prosthesis teeth, and the tooth sockets, the basal surfaces of the prosthesis teeth, and the spacers must be manufactured with high precision. US patent 2022 / 0110730 A1 discloses a two-part dental prosthesis in which a dental arch portion and a gingival portion are attached to each other via suitable structures.From US 2022 / 0096217 A1, an array device and an array method are known in which denture teeth are attached to a denture plate, wherein an arrangement of the denture teeth is facilitated by a body with recesses matching the denture teeth and with positioning sections.

[0008] WO 2016 / 091 762 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis in which a template is produced that allows several prosthesis teeth to be attached to a denture base in the desired position and orientation relative to each other. The prosthesis teeth are shortened by basal grinding in a cervical area to achieve the desired occlusal height. Subsequently, the prosthesis teeth are fixed in tooth sockets created on the occlusal side of the denture base, corresponding to the basal ends of the prosthesis teeth, using the fixing key, so that the parts can be assembled like a three-dimensional puzzle.

[0009] For functional, aesthetic, and manufacturing reasons, dental prostheses usually cannot be produced in a single manufacturing step, even in digital workflows. The gum-colored denture base and the tooth-colored part are often manufactured separately, and the final prosthesis is completed using joining techniques and bonding. The high degree of accuracy of fit between the contact surfaces of the parts to be joined is of particular importance. Additionally, prefabricated components (e.g., artificial denture teeth) may require prior adaptation (e.g., shortening).

[0010] The following possibilities exist in principle for the production of digitally designed total dentures according to the state of the art: 1. Milling or printing the gum-colored base and bonding it to milled or printed artificial denture teeth, or alternatively to milled or printed tooth-colored segments. Disadvantages of this method can include: inaccuracies in manufacturing, time expenditure, aesthetic challenges due to excess adhesive or underfilling of marginal gaps, and limitations regarding the milling of cavities due to undercuts. 2. Milling or printing of the denture base and bonding of individual denture teeth. These denture teeth may be pre-shortened manually or automatically. A disadvantage of this method is the greater inaccuracy that arises when shortening the denture teeth. 3. Creating occlusal retention structures in a milling body, inserting tooth shapes, completing the milling body analogously, and subsequently milling the complete denture geometry. Potential disadvantages include inaccuracies in joining the tooth shapes to the retention structures and the complete coronal machining of the tooth shapes. The use of prefabricated denture teeth is not feasible. 4. Milling of prefabricated milling bodies with an integrated two-phase structure. The aim is to achieve a natural aesthetic through the skillful arrangement of the transitions. A potential disadvantage is the position of the transitions from gum-colored to tooth-colored, which always represents a compromise and is aesthetically unsatisfactory. 5. Milling of pre-formed bodies into which prefabricated teeth are already integrated. With this method, primarily only the basal side of the prosthesis is individually fabricated. A disadvantage of this approach is that compatibility with individual patient cases is extremely limited, and many variations of pre-formed bodies must be kept in stock. 6. Layered construction of a prosthesis consisting of tooth-colored individual layers and a denture base through repeated milling and refilling of the milled cavities. Disadvantages of this method include significant material waste and considerable time expenditure. Furthermore, prefabricated denture teeth cannot be used with this technique. 7. Production of basal tooth structures using milling technology, completion of the milling body with plastic, followed by milling of the complete prosthesis geometry. A potential disadvantage of this method is that a defined structure for the entire dental prosthetic work is only possible in a coherent workflow without options for using non-millable or prefabricated materials, such as prefabricated denture teeth.

[0011] Furthermore, a disadvantage of established methods is that precise fitting of prefabricated components is not possible. Many current methods also lack the ability to integrate retention elements, such as clasps, which are necessary for partial dentures.

[0012] Manually shortening prefabricated denture teeth also presents the problem that the basal side (the cervical area) of the denture teeth to be produced has an individual geometry, and this geometry would have to be scanned and the corresponding counterpart for the denture base designed before milling or printing. This results in additional work.

[0013] The object of the invention is to overcome at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art, or at least one other disadvantage arising from the prior art. In particular, one object is to provide a method that enables the simple and rapid fabrication of dental prostheses. The invention should utilize the most modern computer-controlled methods possible and make the broadest possible use of existing data and techniques. Furthermore, the prosthetic teeth should be able to be attached to the prosthesis base in the previously calculated orientation and position, without requiring extensive or any coronal preparation of the prosthetic teeth.

[0014] The objects of the invention are solved by a method according to claim 1, a dental prosthesis according to claim 28, a device for implementing the method according to claim 30 and a fixing key according to claim 32. Preferred variants are claimed by dependent claims 2 to 27, 29, 31 and 33.

[0015] The objects of the invention are thus solved by a method for manufacturing or preparing for the manufacture of a dental prosthesis, wherein the dental prosthesis comprises a prosthesis base and several prosthesis teeth, wherein the prosthesis base comprises a gum-colored plastic, wherein the method is carried out using a virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model of the dental prosthesis to be produced, and wherein the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model comprises virtual prosthesis teeth and a virtual prosthesis base, characterized by the following chronological steps: A) Calculating a virtual model of a fixation key, wherein a virtual first surface of the virtual model of the fixation key is calculated as a first negative of the outer shape of vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces of the virtual denture teeth, and a second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixation key is calculated as a second negative from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual denture base of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, wherein the position and orientation of the virtual denture teeth relative to each other and relative to the virtual denture base is preserved in the virtual model of the fixation key; B) Manufacturing a locking key using a CAM process based on the data of the virtual model of the locking key; C) Inserting denture teeth into the fixation key produced in step B), whereby vestibular surfaces of the denture teeth and / or coronal surfaces of the denture teeth are placed against a first surface of the fixation key shaped according to the first virtual surface; and D) Arranging the denture teeth on a denture base, wherein the denture base has tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove along a dental arch of the denture base for receiving basal ends of the denture teeth, wherein the fixing key fitted with the denture teeth is applied to the denture base in such a way that at least a part of a vestibular surface of the denture base is applied to a second surface of the fixing key shaped according to the second virtual surface and that the basal ends of the denture teeth are arranged spaced apart from the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove.

[0016] The terms "occlusal" and "coronal" refer to the occlusal surface or chewing surface and towards the occlusal surface, respectively, as locational and directional designations for denture teeth or the denture base. The term "vestibular" refers to the area towards the oral vestibule (labial or buccal). These terms are used for teeth, denture teeth, and other dental components.

[0017] The basal ends of the denture teeth lie opposite the coronal and occlusal surfaces of the denture teeth.

[0018] A distinction is made here between virtual models of the fixation key, the dental prosthesis, the prosthetic teeth, and the prosthetic base on the one hand, and the physical fixation key, the physical dental prosthesis, the physical prosthetic base, and the physical prosthetic teeth on the other. The virtual models are always referred to as "virtual" in this document, while the physical fixation key, dental prosthesis, prosthetic base, and the physical prosthetic teeth are not, or not consistently, designated as such. Therefore, a fixation key in this document refers to a physical fixation key and not its virtual model, unless otherwise specified with the adjective "virtual" or the prefix "virtual model of."Similarly, the terms dental prosthesis, denture base, and denture teeth always refer to a physical dental prosthesis, a physical denture base, and physical denture teeth, and not their virtual models, unless these are otherwise designated with the adjective "virtual" or a corresponding preamble.

[0019] That the basal ends of the denture teeth can be received by the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove means in particular that the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove form at least one occlusal depression in the surface of the denture base oriented towards the denture teeth, wherein the basal surfaces of the denture teeth can be arranged within the at least one occlusal depression in the denture base or are arranged there with the aid of the fixing key.

[0020] According to the invention, it may be preferably provided that in a method according to the invention the prosthetic teeth and the prosthetic base are firmly connected to each other.

[0021] It may be provided that in step D) the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth are arranged in the area of ​​the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove.

[0022] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that in step D) the fixing key fitted with the denture teeth is placed against the denture base in such a way that the basal ends of the denture teeth cover the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove from the occlusal direction by at least 50%, particularly preferably by at least 75%, and most preferably by at least 90%. The percentage value refers to the areas of the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove and the basal ends of the denture teeth as viewed from the occlusal direction. The coverage provided by the fixing key is not taken into account; that is, it is assumed to be transparent in this respect.

[0023] The spacing creates a gap or bonding gap between the denture teeth and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove intended to receive the denture teeth. This gap serves to hold adhesive or a plastic material for bonding the denture base to the denture teeth and is also referred to as the bonding gap within the scope of the present invention.

[0024] A subtractive CAM method is preferably used. CAM devices such as computer-controlled multi-axis milling machines or four-axis milling machines are particularly suitable for this purpose.

[0025] In the methods according to the invention, it can be provided that during step D) a fluid adhesive or plastic is applied to the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove and / or to the basal ends of the denture teeth and / or after step D) a fluid adhesive or plastic is introduced into a space between the basal ends of the denture teeth on the one hand and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove on the other, wherein in all cases the fluid adhesive or plastic subsequently bonds the denture teeth and the denture base directly to each other and / or bridges or fills the space between the basal ends of the denture teeth and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove, wherein preferably the fluid adhesive or plastic is then cured.

[0026] This allows the denture teeth and the denture base to be fixed directly to each other using the adhesive or plastic, and the defined adhesive gap provided by the fixing key can be used for a stable connection of the denture teeth to the denture base.

[0027] The fluid adhesive or plastic can be a fluid adhesive or a fluid plastic that cures on its own over time or that is cured by means of an activator.

[0028] Preferably, the fluid adhesive or plastic is polymerized for curing. It is also preferred that the fluid plastic or adhesive be gum-colored in its cured state.

[0029] Prior to applying or introducing the fluid adhesive or plastic, the basal ends of the denture teeth and / or the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove can be pretreated by preconditioning, such as chemical treatment, cleaning, chemical swelling and / or roughening.

[0030] It may be provided that, after step D), the fluid adhesive or plastic is introduced into the space between the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth on the one hand and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove on the other, by pressing the fluid adhesive or plastic into the space from the lingual or palatal side, wherein preferably at least one channel is created in the fixing key before pressing in the fluid adhesive or plastic, in particular by centrally cutting the material of the fixing key, wherein the fluid adhesive or plastic is pressed and guided through the at least one channel into the space.

[0031] This further simplifies the implementation of the procedure and the fixing key can be used to shape the vestibular marginal rim from the adhesive or plastic.

[0032] Furthermore, it can be provided that after the fluid adhesive or plastic has hardened or partially hardened in the space, the fixing key is separated from the denture teeth, the denture base and the fluid or hardened adhesive or plastic, preferably removing excess hardened adhesive or plastic and / or residues of the fixing key according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model using a CAM process.

[0033] This completes or improves the quality of the dental prosthesis, except for possible polishing and / or surface treatment.

[0034] It can also be provided that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space is at least as large as the volume of the space between the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth on the one hand and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove on the other, preferably at least 5% larger than the volume of the space, and particularly preferably at least 20% larger than the volume of the space.

[0035] This, along with the following measures, allows the volume of the gap known from the virtual model to be used to fill an optimized amount of fluid adhesive or plastic into the gap.

[0036] The volume of fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the gap is understood to mean that it must be contained in the gap and within the fixing key in the form of sprues or vent channels and is contained in the gap or in channels or cavities of the fixing key after the fluid adhesive or plastic has been applied or introduced.

[0037] Furthermore, it can be provided that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space is at most three times the volume of the space between the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth on the one hand and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove on the other, preferably at most 100% larger than the volume of the space, particularly preferably at most 50% larger than the volume of the space.

[0038] It can also be provided that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space is at least as large and at most three times as large as the volume of the space between the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth on the one hand and the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove on the other, preferably at least 5% larger and at most 100% larger than the volume of the space, particularly preferably at least 20% and at most 50% larger than the volume of the space.

[0039] Furthermore, it can be provided that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space is selected depending on a volume of the virtual space calculated from the arrangement of the virtual denture teeth and the virtual denture base including virtual tooth sockets and / or at least one virtual tooth groove, preferably proportional to the volume of the virtual space calculated from the arrangement of the virtual denture teeth and the virtual denture base including virtual tooth sockets and / or at least one virtual tooth groove, and particularly preferably with an excess of between 5% and 100% of this volume of the virtual space.

[0040] This allows the volume of the gap known from the virtual model to be used to fill an optimized amount of fluid adhesive or plastic into the gap.

[0041] Preferably, it may also be provided that in step D) the basal ends of the prosthesis teeth are arranged such that at least one space bounded by the basal ends of the prosthesis teeth and by the tooth sockets and / or by the at least one tooth groove has a total volume of at least 1 mm 3 arises, preferably of at least 10 mm 3 arises, particularly preferably of at least 100 mm 3 arises, especially preferentially from at least 1000 mm 3 arises.

[0042] The inventive method ensures that even with a relatively large volume of the gap and thus of the adhesive gap, exact positioning of the prosthesis teeth to the prosthesis base can be ensured in accordance with the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0043] The at least one interspace need not be a continuous space. It can therefore consist of several separate partial interspaces (for example, a separate partial interspace for each tooth socket), the total volume of which together is at least the specified size. The total volume is thus understood to be the sum of all volumes defined by the at least one interspace bounded by the basal ends of the denture teeth and by the tooth sockets and / or by the at least one tooth groove, or the sum of all partial interspaces.

[0044] The locking key does not have to be a single piece, but can also be multi-part. It is therefore possible that the locking key is designed in step A) with several separate sub-keys and manufactured in step B).

[0045] Particularly in the case where a partial dental prosthesis is manufactured using the method according to the invention, the fixing key can consist of, or be designed and manufactured from, several parts in the form of partial keys, which may also be spatially spaced apart from one another. It is preferably provided that each partial key creates one or more partial spaces in step D) by spacing the prosthesis teeth relative to the tooth sockets.

[0046] However, for the production of a complete dental prosthesis using the method according to the invention, preferably a one-piece fixing key for the upper jaw and / or a one-piece fixing key for the lower jaw is calculated in step A) and produced in step B).

[0047] In the methods according to the invention, it can further be provided that a virtual marginal rim is additionally calculated as part of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, which is either arranged between the virtual prosthesis teeth and the virtual prosthesis base and connects the virtual prosthesis teeth and the virtual prosthesis base at least vestibularly, or which is defined as an area of ​​the virtual prosthesis base adjacent to the virtual prosthesis teeth, wherein in step A) the virtual model of the fixing key is calculated such that a third virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key is formed as a third negative from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual marginal rim, wherein preferably the third virtual surface is arranged between the first virtual surface and the second virtual surface.where the third virtual surface is particularly preferred for connecting the first virtual surface and the second virtual surface.

[0048] This process uses the fixing key to define a shape or mold for producing the marginal rim of the dental prosthesis from the adhesive or resin, which corresponds to the outer shape of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. The hardened adhesive or resin is preferably considered part of the prosthesis base of the finished dental prosthesis.

[0049] It may be provided that an area of ​​the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key is formed by a negative of the vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces of the virtual prosthetic teeth on the one hand and the vestibular surfaces of the virtual prosthetic base and the virtual marginal rim on the other.

[0050] Preferably, the hardened adhesive or plastic is gum-colored, but preferably it may have a different color and / or transparency than the rest of the denture base.

[0051] Furthermore, it may be provided that in step D) or after step D) a part of the vestibular surface of the dental prosthesis adjacent to the prosthetic teeth, in particular a vestibular marginal rim of the dental prosthesis adjacent to the prosthetic teeth, is formed from the adhesive or the plastic by a surface of the fixing key.

[0052] This closes the gap between the denture teeth and the denture base by shaping it using the fixing key.

[0053] It may also be provided that the fixing key fitted with the prosthetic teeth is placed on the prosthetic base in such a way that the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth are at least partially arranged within the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove.

[0054] This creates a particularly stable connection between the denture teeth and the denture base after bonding with the adhesive or joining with the plastic.

[0055] The fact that the basal ends of the denture teeth can be received by the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove, or are arranged within the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove, means in particular that the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove form at least one occlusal depression in the surface of the denture base oriented towards the denture teeth, wherein the basal surfaces of the denture teeth can be arranged within the at least one occlusal depression in the denture base or are arranged there using the fixing key in accordance with a method according to the invention.

[0056] It may be provided that in step A) the calculation of the first virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key is carried out from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces of the virtual prosthetic teeth by forming an area of ​​the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key by a negative of vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces of the virtual prosthetic teeth.

[0057] Furthermore, it may be provided that in step A) the calculation of the second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key is carried out from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual prosthesis base of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model by forming an area of ​​the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key by a negative of vestibular surfaces of the virtual prosthesis base.

[0058] Furthermore, it may be provided that in step A) the calculation of the third virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key is carried out from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual marginal rim of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model by forming an area of ​​the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key by a negative of vestibular surfaces of the virtual marginal rim,

[0059] In the three cases mentioned above, it may preferably be provided that the second virtual surface and / or the third virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key is an internal or inwardly oriented area of ​​the virtual model of the fixing key.

[0060] This provides a particularly large contact surface, thus enabling easy alignment of the denture teeth and a large-area fit to the denture base.

[0061] Preferably, it may also be provided that, prior to step D), the denture base is manufactured using a CAM process according to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture base, wherein preferably the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove are incorporated into an occlusal surface of the denture base using a subtractive process, in particular a subtractive CAM process, according to a virtual three-dimensional model of the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove, wherein the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove do not extend to a basal surface of the denture base.

[0062] This further automates the process.

[0063] Preferably, the denture base is manufactured according to the three-dimensional model of the virtual denture base using a CAM process from a gum-colored plastic, preferably using a subtractive CAM process.

[0064] It may be provided that the denture base is manufactured with at least one common tooth groove along the dental arch on the occlusal side of the denture base, shared by several adjacent or all denture teeth of the dental prosthesis, wherein the common tooth groove is dimensioned such that the basal ends of the several adjacent or all denture teeth can be arranged within the common tooth groove in the position and orientation to each other specified according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, wherein preferably the at least one common tooth groove has a uniform width that is greater than the width of the basal end of the widest denture tooth to be inserted from the group of several adjacent or all denture teeth.

[0065] Such a common tooth groove is particularly easy and inexpensive to produce. Thanks to the fixing key, high precision in the production of the common tooth groove or the tooth sockets is not required.

[0066] Furthermore, it may be provided that the dental prosthesis has support, retention and / or fastening elements, wherein the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model has virtual recesses in the virtual prosthesis base for attaching the support, retention and / or fastening elements, and the support, retention and / or fastening elements are attached to the prosthesis base, wherein preferably the support, retention and / or fastening elements are manufactured or provided beforehand from one or more metallic or ceramic materials.

[0067] This allows the process to be largely automated even for partial dentures such as dental prostheses with support, retention and / or fastening elements.

[0068] It can also be provided that the locking key in step B) is manufactured from a milled body which has a circumferential outer geometry open on one or both sides made of a dimensionally stable material and an inner area made of an elastic material, wherein in step B) the locking key is milled out of the inner area, wherein preferably the outer geometry has retentions or a grid structure on its inner side to improve the mechanical connection to the inner area and / or the outer geometry encloses the inner area in the form of a cylindrical tube section and the inner area is a cylindrical disc which is positively enclosed by the outer geometry.

[0069] This allows for the use of a more elastically deformable material for the fixation key than would be possible without the rigid material used for support. The more elastic material enables easier and more precise fixation and positioning of the denture teeth.

[0070] Preferably, the outer geometry is positively connected to the inner geometry.

[0071] Furthermore, it may be provided that the outer geometry consists of a plastic, in particular PMMA, and / or that the inner area has a Shore hardness (Shore A) between 70 and 90, in particular consisting essentially of or entirely of a silicone with a Shore hardness (Shore A) of at least 70 and at most 90.

[0072] The Shore hardness (Shore A) refers to EN ISO 868, ISO / IEC 7619-1 and ASTM D2240-00 valid in July 2024.

[0073] The fact that the interior consists essentially of a silicone with a Shore hardness (Shore A) of at least 70 and at most 90 means that the proportion of silicone to the volume of the interior is at least 90%. Additionally, fillers or colorants may be present.

[0074] This also serves to ensure more precise positioning of the denture teeth in the fixing key and on the denture base.

[0075] It may also be provided that the second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key in step A) is calculated such that the second surface is flush with and extends around the entire vestibular surfaces of the virtual prosthesis base, preferably having a width of at least 1 mm, and more preferably at least 3 mm.

[0076] This enables a particularly stable connection between the fixing key and the prosthesis base, thus allowing for particularly precise positioning.

[0077] It may preferably be provided that all inward-facing surfaces of the virtual model of the fixing key in step A) are calculated as a negative shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model or a virtual dental prosthesis outer contour of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0078] The outer contour of the dental prosthesis corresponds to the entire vestibular, i.e., buccal and labial, surface of the dental prosthesis, including the prosthesis teeth, the prosthesis base and the marginal rim, but excluding any existing or planned support, retention and / or attachment elements for partial dentures.

[0079] This enables a particularly stable connection of the fixing key to the prosthetic teeth and to the prosthetic base, thus allowing for particularly precise positioning.

[0080] It may also be provided that in step A) a negative offset is added to the first surface or to the first surface and to the virtual surface, thereby reducing the size of the first surface or the first virtual surface and, if applicable, the second surface.

[0081] This ensures that the prosthetic teeth inserted in step C) and, if applicable, the denture base created in step D) are held more firmly and stably by the tension of the fixing key's material. The elastic deformability of the fixing key exerts an elastic force on the prosthetic teeth and, if applicable, the denture base, which holds them in position.

[0082] Furthermore, it may be provided that in step C) prefabricated denture teeth are inserted into the fixing key, wherein preferably the prefabricated denture teeth are selected according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, so that the prefabricated denture teeth fit as well as possible to the virtual denture teeth of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, at least in the area of ​​the crowns of the prefabricated denture teeth, or the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is constructed using a CAD process with the help of virtual three-dimensional models of different prefabricated denture teeth.wherein, in the construction of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, a group of prefabricated prosthesis teeth is selected based on their virtual three-dimensional models and this selected group of prefabricated prosthesis teeth is inserted into the fixation key, wherein, particularly preferably in a construction of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model using CAD methods, the virtual three-dimensional models of the selected group of prefabricated prosthesis teeth are basally shortened so that the basal ends of the virtual prosthesis teeth lie within the virtual prosthesis base.

[0083] In this way, prefabricated denture teeth can be used, which require little or no further processing coronally and preferably also laterally.

[0084] It may be provided that the prefabricated denture teeth are shortened basally before step D) or after step C) and before step D) using a subtractive CAM process according to the three-dimensional model of the virtual denture teeth or are shortened manually to fit the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove, wherein preferably the prefabricated denture teeth are fixed in the fixing key in step C) with a luting material, such as wax or adhesive.

[0085] This automates the process as much as possible, even when using prefabricated denture teeth.

[0086] Furthermore, it may be provided that the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is computationally divided by means of file splitting into a three-dimensional model of the virtual prosthesis teeth and a virtual three-dimensional model of the prosthesis base, or that the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is computationally divided by means of file splitting into a three-dimensional model of the virtual prosthesis teeth, a virtual three-dimensional model of the prosthesis base and a virtual three-dimensional model of the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove and / or the marginal rim.

[0087] This allows for further automation of the process and enables computer-aided manufacturing with reproducible results.

[0088] It can be provided that in step B) the fixing key is manufactured from a milling body with a retention geometry for fixation in a CAM device, wherein the retention geometry remains firmly connected to the fixing key, and wherein after step C) and before step D) the fixing key with the prosthetic teeth is fixed in a CAM device via the retention geometry, and the prosthetic teeth are machined basally using a CAM process while the prosthetic teeth are held in the fixing key, wherein preferably the retention geometry has an outer ring that is firmly and positively connected to the rest of the milling body or the rest of the fixing key, and the retention geometry has at least one fastening element on the outside for fixing the milling body or the fixing key in the CAM device.

[0089] This allows the fixing key to be used for fully automatic processing and positioning.

[0090] Furthermore, it may be provided that in step A) the virtual model of the fixation key is calculated in such a way that the virtual model of the fixation key is spaced away from the virtual prosthesis base on the palatal or lingual side at least in the area of ​​the palatal or lingual marginal rim and / or that channels are provided on the palatal or lingual side of the virtual model of the fixation key.

[0091] This makes the gap easily accessible from the outside, and the fluid adhesive or plastic can be easily pressed or injected into the gap.

[0092] It may also be provided that the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is generated on the basis of an intraoral scan or a scan of an impression of the oral cavity for shaping the virtual prosthesis base and by a virtual setup of virtual models of prefabricated prosthesis teeth in the virtual prosthesis base, wherein preferably the shape, position and / or orientation of the virtual prosthesis teeth is selected by a simulation of the position of the dental prosthesis in the patient's oral cavity and / or by a simulation of the position and orientation of the virtual prosthesis teeth to each other and / or to the virtual prosthesis base, wherein the occlusal plane and / or the chewing movements of the oral cavity are particularly preferably simulated.

[0093] This also further automates the process. Since a virtual dental prosthesis model is required for the virtual model of the fixing key anyway, generating the data for the virtual models in this way is particularly advantageous. The measures described provide a high degree of variability in the process, thereby enabling a highly individualized and thus well-fitting adaptation of the generated dental prosthesis.

[0094] It may be intended that the prosthesis base and the physical fixation key are manufactured and / or machined using CAM methods, in particular rapid prototyping methods, based on the virtual models.

[0095] This allows the virtual models required for the procedure to also be used simultaneously for the rapid and automated production of the prosthesis base.

[0096] It may be provided that the physical prosthetic teeth inserted into the fixing key are processed basally before step D), preferably after step C) the prefabricated prosthetic teeth inserted into the fixing key are abraded basally based on the virtual model of the prosthetic teeth using a CAM process, particularly preferably with a computer-controlled milling machine.

[0097] This allows the prosthetic teeth to be adapted to the prosthetic base, so that the manufactured dental prosthesis can be constructed in a particularly stable and variable way.

[0098] Furthermore, it may be possible to use existing data on the external shape of known prefabricated denture teeth to calculate the virtual dental prosthesis model.

[0099] This measure avoids the need for repeated scanning or measuring of the physical prosthetic teeth used, thus further simplifying the procedure.

[0100] The problems underlying the present invention or arising from the prior art are at least partially solved by a dental prosthesis manufactured using a method according to the invention.

[0101] The dental prosthesis is particularly cost-effective and can be manufactured largely fully automatically, exhibiting high precision in the placement of the prosthesis teeth in the prosthesis base according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0102] The problems underlying the present invention or arising from the prior art are at least partially solved by a dental prosthesis with an attached fixing key, wherein the dental prosthesis and the fixing key are manufactured using a method according to the invention, wherein vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces of prosthesis teeth of the dental prosthesis are placed against a surface of the fixing key formed by the corresponding negative mold, wherein a vestibular surface of a prosthesis base of the dental prosthesis is placed against a corresponding surface of the fixing key formed by a negative mold, and wherein basal ends of the prosthesis teeth are arranged spaced apart from tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove for receiving the basal ends of the prosthesis teeth, wherein the tooth sockets and / or the at least one tooth groove are arranged on the occlusal side of the prosthesis base.

[0103] The dental prosthesis with the attached fixation key can either already have a gap filled with adhesive or plastic, or the gap is still free to be filled with the fluid adhesive or plastic, and is characterized by the fact that a vestibular marginal rim of the final dental prosthesis to be manufactured or of the already contained final dental prosthesis can be formed by a third surface of the fixation key, which lies between the first surface and the second surface of the fixation key, which lie against the prosthesis base and the prosthesis teeth.

[0104] The problems underlying the present invention or arising from the prior art are at least partially solved by a device or combination of devices for carrying out a method according to the invention, comprising a CAM device and a computer for calculating the virtual models and for controlling the CAM device according to the method according to the invention.

[0105] The device has the advantages described in relation to the corresponding methods according to the invention.

[0106] It may be provided that a fixing key surface calculation module is used to calculate the first surface of the virtual model of the fixing key and to calculate the second surface of the virtual model of the fixing key according to step A), and preferably to calculate the third surface of the virtual model of the fixing key according to claim 10 and step A); and a fixing key control module for a CAM device programmed to control the subtractive manufacturing of the surfaces calculated with the fixing key surface calculation module in a milling body; and preferably a denture tooth machining control module for a CAM device programmed to control the subtractive machining of the basal ends of denture teeth inserted into the fixing key according to the virtual model of the denture teeth.

[0107] This further specifies the device. Additional modules according to the invention can result from the aforementioned method. The modules can, for example, be implemented by suitable programming on a computer with electronic memory, whereby the computer must have corresponding access to, or a connection with, the necessary hardware and machines for control purposes.

[0108] The problems underlying the present invention or arising from the prior art are at least partially solved by a fixing key manufactured using a method according to the invention, wherein a first surface of the fixing key is formed by a negative of vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces of prosthetic teeth, a second surface of the fixing key is formed by a negative of a vestibular surface of a prosthetic base, and a third surface is arranged between the first and the second surface, which separates the first and the second surface from each other, wherein preferably the fixing key is exposed on the lingual or palatal side or has at least one channel for introducing a fluid adhesive or plastic towards the third surface.

[0109] The advantages of the fixing key result directly from the advantages described for the previously mentioned method.

[0110] It can be provided that the fixing key has a holding geometry for attachment to a CAM device, which is firmly and positively connected to the rest of the fixing key, wherein preferably the holding geometry encloses the fixing key in a ring shape and has at least one fastening element for fixing the fixing key to the CAM device, wherein the holding geometry particularly preferably has a greater Shore hardness than the rest of the fixing key.

[0111] This makes it particularly easy to process the fixing key and the prosthetic teeth fixed in it using CAM methods.

[0112] The (physical) denture teeth, the (physical) fixing key and / or the (physical) denture base are preferably made of a plastic, particularly preferably of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or are manufactured from or with it.

[0113] The prosthetic teeth can be present individually and / or in several groups, connected together, or as complete rows of teeth. Connected prosthetic teeth are firmly attached to one another.

[0114] In the present invention, the well-known term rapid prototyping process (RP process) is used for a manufacturing process in which the denture base and the retention key are produced using a manufacturing process typical for rapid prototyping. Since the denture base and the retention key are not prototypes but finished or semi-finished components, the terms "rapid manufacturing," "additive manufacturing," "rapid product development," "advanced digital manufacturing," or "e-manufacturing," which are occasionally used in such contexts, could also be used instead of the term "rapid prototyping process." The denture base is preferably made of a gum-colored or pink plastic, and the denture teeth are optionally made of several tooth-colored plastics.

[0115] The fluid adhesive or fluid resin used for the final fixation of the denture teeth in the denture base should be non-toxic, volume-filling, color-stable, permanently bonded, hydrolysis-resistant, and dimensionally stable during curing, as well as having a suitable color that remains stable over a long period. In addition to PMMA cements such as Paladur® from Kulzer GmbH, Versyo® from Kulzer GmbH, Signum composite Flow® from Kulzer GmbH, or other PMMA-based cements are suitable for this purpose.

[0116] The adhesive or plastic should also be suitable for filling the volume of the spaces between the denture base and the denture teeth.

[0117] The invention is based on the surprising finding that by positioning the denture teeth at a distance relative to the denture base using the fixing key, according to the virtual three-dimensional models based on the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, it is possible to provide a gap for bonding without affecting the desired position of the denture teeth relative to the denture base. This allows for the production of a dental prosthesis that corresponds particularly precisely to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0118] The inventive method ensures precise positioning of the denture teeth relative to the denture base, even with a relatively large volume of the interdental space and thus the adhesive gap, in accordance with the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. A particular advantage is that the denture teeth do not need to be ground or shortened with particular precision at the base, nor do the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove along the dental arch in the denture base need to be manufactured or milled with particular accuracy, because the positioning of the denture teeth relative to the denture base is ensured by the fixing key, and the interdental space can be filled later within the method regardless of its volume.

[0119] The method according to the invention enables the precise combination with components that cannot be manufactured directly, such as prefabricated denture teeth, and the integration of further support, retention, and attachment elements, especially for partial dentures. The result is a perfect or at least improved fit of the overall geometry with respect to the CAD data set, despite manufacturing from multiple components. The method can be used to establish a workflow for the production of precisely fitting partial or complete dentures.

[0120] The invention is further based on the surprising finding that the fixing key makes it possible to provide a fit similar to a three-dimensional puzzle piece, enabling the precise positioning of the denture teeth in the denture base and the maintenance of a gap for bonding. For this purpose, the fixing key is manufactured as a shape matching the outer form of the denture base to be produced and the denture teeth to be inserted, so that the denture teeth only need to be attached to the denture base in the desired orientation and position relative to each other and to the denture base using an adhesive or resin that fills the gap. This avoids errors and unnecessary effort in positioning the denture teeth in the denture base due to excessively large or differently sized tooth sockets or grooves.The fixing key can be digitally designed using a CAD / CAM process from the virtual models of the denture teeth and the denture base, and then manufactured using a CAM process. The necessary virtual models of the denture teeth and the denture base are already available when the dental prosthesis is manufactured using CAD / CAM technology and can therefore be used without significant additional effort. A vestibular marginal rim of the dental prosthesis can then be formed from the adhesive or resin by shaping it with the fixing key.

[0121] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below.

[0122] An exemplary method according to the invention for manufacturing a dental prosthesis (complete dental prosthesis or partial dental prosthesis) can have the following sequence: 1) Digital CAD design of the dental prosthesis for the creation of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. This includes providing data for the outer contour / monoblock of the dental prosthesis, data for the denture base with tooth sockets or at least one tooth groove as cavities without denture teeth, data for the oral / buccal structure of all denture teeth or denture tooth segments and the surrounding denture base portion (defined portion of the dental prosthesis outer contour), and data for all denture teeth. Optionally, further data, e.g., for retention structures or support frameworks, may be available for partial denture solutions. 2) Fabrication of the denture base within a clearly defined reference coordinate system (data for the denture base without denture teeth). This can be achieved by milling a milling body located in a holding system. Alternatively, a shaped body produced using additive manufacturing can be placed in a holding system and positioned unambiguously relative to the reference system by complete or partial milling. 3) Manufacturing of further components, particularly those required in the field of partial dentures. These may include, for example, metallic or ceramic support, retention, or fastening elements. 4) Production of a fixing key for the subsequent precise positioning of the prosthetic teeth or tooth segments. For this purpose, a milling body with the following structure is preferably provided: a. A circumferential, one-sided open outer geometry (reservoir blank) with a shape analogous to standard milling bodies. The support / outer geometry preferably consists of dimensionally stable material, such as PMMA; b. the inner area of ​​the milling body consists of an elastic material, preferably a flexible silicone with a Shore hardness of Shore A 70-90; c. The surrounding outer geometry can optionally include additional retentions or grid structures for better connection to the inner core.

[0123] Such a milling body is positioned in a holding system of a milling machine, and the flexible portion is milled using CAM according to the virtual model of the fixing key. The design of the cavity to be milled corresponds to the geometry of the portion of the prosthesis's outer contour described above. This includes not only the negative of the prosthesis teeth or tooth segments to be positioned, but also a negative of a vestibular surface and, if applicable, a marginal rim or marginal rim portion of the prosthesis base for later precise support on the prosthesis base produced in the first milling step.

[0124] The support area preferably has a minimum circumferential width of 3 mm for precise fixation. Optionally, the surfaces to be milled, tooth sockets, and / or at least one tooth groove can be provided with a negative offset, which further stabilizes inserted denture teeth or other components due to the elastic recoil force of the fixation key. For partial dentures, it may be necessary to incorporate additional retention or support elements during the fabrication of the fixation key.

[0125] In principle, the locking key produced during milling can either remain in the holding device of the CAM milling machine (Method A) or be completely or partially removed from the blank by circumferential milling (Method B), as described in the following two possible continuations.

[0126] Procedure A - precise data-based adaptation of the prosthetic teeth: 5) The defined fixing key located in the holder is fitted with the prosthetic teeth / tooth segments and reinserted into the milling machine. 6) Subsequently, the basal structure of the prosthetic teeth is milled using the virtual data of the prosthetic teeth. Any prosthetic tooth portions that are too long are shortened accordingly. 7) To secure the position of the denture teeth during milling, pre-fixation with a bonding material, e.g., wax, can optionally be performed. Alternatively, the denture teeth can also be bonded to the labial / buccal surface of the fixation key using commercially available adhesives, as any residue will be removed during the final milling process. 8) After the denture teeth have been shortened, they can be removed and, due to the precise fit, glued directly into place.

[0127] Even more precise bonding is achieved using parts of the fixation key or even the entire key. For this, the key is partially or completely removed from its holder and can then be positioned, either entirely or in sections, on the prefabricated denture base. The same procedure can be used for partial dentures. 9) After appropriate preconditioning of the surfaces to be joined, the bonding material is introduced and the complete system consisting of denture base and fixing key with denture teeth is polymerized. 10) The fixing key can then be removed. Any excess material can be removed manually and / or using a milling machine from the denture base, which is still in the holder. 11) Optionally, the final milling step can also include further design adaptations prepared in advance using CAD, such as occlusal shape reduction of the prosthetic teeth. 12) The dental prosthesis is then removed from the holder and completed.

[0128] Procedure B - manual adjustment of the denture teeth: 5) The manufactured fixing key can be removed from the holding system after production and checked for fit by placing it on the pre-milled prosthesis base located in the holder. 6) The denture teeth / denture tooth segments are inserted into the fixing key and the fit is checked again. 7) Prosthetic teeth or segments that are too long are shortened manually, and the fixation key is repeatedly checked for fit with the inserted prosthetic teeth. If the fit is free of play, the shortening is sufficient. 8) Next, suitable openings are created for the introduction of an adhesive material. This can be done, for example, by centrally cutting the flexible retaining material of the fixing key or by creating individual injection openings or channels. 9) After appropriate preconditioning of the surfaces to be joined, the bonding material (the fluid adhesive or the fluid plastic) is applied and the complete system consisting of denture base and fixing key with denture teeth is polymerized. 10) Optionally, a modification / trial run with a change option can be carried out. 11) The fixing key can then be removed. Any excess material can be removed manually and / or using a milling machine from the denture base / dental prosthesis, which is still in the holder. 12) Optionally, the final milling step can also include further design adaptations prepared in advance using CAD, such as occlusal shape reduction of the prosthetic teeth. 13) The dental prosthesis is then removed from the holder and completed.

[0129] The optional process modification for adaptability during trial fitting (modification / trial fitting with conversion option) can include the following steps: 10-1) A heat-malleable material (e.g. wax) is placed into the spaces created by manual shortening between the denture teeth and the denture base, and the denture teeth are reversibly fixed. 10-2) Next, the denture base is detached from the retention system and a try-in is performed on the patient. Minor adjustments to the positions of the denture teeth can be made during this process. 10-3) Subsequently, either a direct analog completion of the dental prosthesis or a renewed digitization with repetition of the digital workflow can be carried out.

[0130] As a final step in the process, the surface of the dental prosthesis can be finished by polishing and / or chemical treatment.

[0131] The following are exemplary embodiments of the invention, illustrated by twelve schematic figures and a flowchart, without limiting the invention. These figures show: Fig. 1: a schematic perspective view of a virtual three-dimensional model of a prosthesis base; Fig. 2: a schematic perspective view of a virtual three-dimensional model of prosthetic teeth; Fig. 3: a schematic top view of a locking key machined from a milling body; Fig. 4: a schematic view of the fixing key according to Fig. 3 with four inserted prosthetic teeth; Fig. 5: a schematic top view of an alternative fixing key that has been completely detached from the rest of the milling body; Fig. 6: a close-up of a section of a schematic top view of the alternative fixing key according to Fig. 5 with inserted prosthetic teeth; Fig. 7: a schematic perspective view of a CAM device holder and a machined milling body attached therein with a prosthesis base included on it; Fig. 8: a schematic perspective view of the machined milling body with the denture base and a fixing key fully equipped with denture teeth; Fig. 9: a schematic perspective view of the prosthesis base connected to the fixing key in the machined milling body; Fig. 10: a schematic perspective view of the denture base fitted with the denture teeth in the machined milling body; Fig. 11: a schematic cross-sectional view through a denture base with a fixing key attached to it and denture teeth contained therein; Fig. 12: a schematic perspective view of a dental prosthesis manufactured using a method according to the invention; and Fig. 13: the process of a method according to the invention for manufacturing a dental prosthesis or for preparing the manufacture of a dental prosthesis.

[0132] The Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a virtual three-dimensional model of a prosthesis base 1 ( Fig. 1) and on a virtual three-dimensional model of prosthetic teeth 4 ( Fig. 2), which is preferably attached to the virtual prosthesis base 1 according to Fig. 1 fit. The virtual denture base 1 and the virtual denture teeth 4 can be computationally created by file splitting of a virtual three-dimensional model of the dental prosthesis to be produced 90 (see Fig. 12) - a virtual dental prosthesis model - can be obtained. For this purpose, the outer shapes of the virtual denture teeth 4 and the virtual denture base 1 can be separated from each other in the CAD model, so that when they are reassembled, they result either in the complete virtual dental prosthesis model or in a virtual dental prosthesis model with a gap between the denture teeth 4 and the denture base 1 as an adhesive gap.

[0133] The virtual denture base 1 may contain virtual tooth sockets 2 to accommodate the basal ends 8 of the virtual denture teeth 4. The basal ends 8 of the virtual denture teeth 4, which are opposite the coronal surfaces 6 of the virtual denture teeth 4, may be positioned within the virtual tooth sockets 2. The virtual denture base 1 may include a virtual palatal plate 3 if it is intended for the maxilla. A denture base for the mandible does not include a palatal plate; instead, a recess for the tongue and lingual frenulum will be provided.

[0134] The virtual denture base 1 has a vestibular surface 5 facing the oral vestibule (labial and buccal). The virtual denture teeth 4 have vestibular surfaces 9 facing the oral vestibule (labial and buccal).

[0135] The dental prosthesis to be manufactured 90 (see Fig. 12) comprises physical denture teeth 94 and a physical denture base 92 for a maxilla with a palatal plate 91, wherein the denture teeth 94 are fixed in the denture base 92. The physical denture teeth 94 in the finished dental prosthesis 90 are to be made of a tooth-colored (whitish or cream-colored) hard plastic or a tooth-colored (whitish or cream-colored) hard ceramic, while the physical denture base 92 in the finished dental prosthesis is to be made of a gum-colored (pink) plastic (see Fig. 12) The area of ​​the denture base 92 adjacent to the denture teeth 94 is referred to as the marginal rim 97, in analogy to the anatomical terms used in a natural oral cavity. The physical denture base 92 has a vestibular surface 98 facing the oral vestibule (labially and buccally). The physical denture teeth 94 have vestibular surfaces 99 facing the oral vestibule (in a labial and buccal direction).

[0136] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic top view of a locking key 10 produced according to a method according to the invention, which was machined from a milling body 12. For this purpose, the milling body 12 was machined on one side according to a virtual three-dimensional model of the locking key using a subtractive CAM process. The milling body 12 can have an outer geometry 14 in the form of a ring, by which the rest of the milling body 12 is enclosed. The outer geometry 14 can have a step at its edge as a retaining geometry for attaching the milling body 12 to a holder 54 (see Figure 3). Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 to Fig. 10) of a CAM device (not shown). The outer geometry 14 can be made of PMMA. The interior of the milling body 12 can preferably be made of an elastic material or silicone with a lower Shore hardness than the outer geometry 14.

[0137] The fixing key 10 has a first surface 15 that corresponds to a negative of a vestibular and / or coronal surface of virtual denture teeth from a virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. This first surface 15 thus forms several tooth recesses 16 of the fixing key 10, into which the corresponding denture teeth 24 are inserted (see Fig. 4) can be inserted and held flush with the surface by the fixing key 10 according to the virtual model of the prosthetic teeth.

[0138] The fixing key 10 further comprises a second surface 18, which corresponds to a negative of a vestibular surface of the virtual denture base of the same virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. The area of ​​the second surface 18 adjacent to the first surface 15 can be referred to as the third surface 17, which is a negative form of the marginal rim of the three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. A fourth surface 19 can represent the patient's palate and be a negative form of the palatal plate of the three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0139] The calculation of the first surface 15 and the second surface 18, and optionally the third surface 17 and / or the fourth surface 19, can be performed with a locking key surface calculation module (not shown), and the production of the locking key 10 from the milling body 12 can be performed with a locking key control module (not shown) for controlling the CAM device, wherein the locking key control module is programmed to control the subtractive production of the surfaces calculated with the locking key surface calculation module in the milling body 12.

[0140] The prosthetic teeth 24 are fixed in the fixing key 10 with the coronal side first. Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic top view of the fixing key 10. Fig. 3 with four inserted prosthetic teeth 24. The basal ends 28 of the prosthetic teeth 24 protrude from the fixing key 10 and can be worked on basally while they are held in the fixing key 10.

[0141] Preferably, the fixing key 10 remains connected to the outer geometry 14. This allows the basal ends 28 of the denture teeth 24 fixed in the fixing key 10 to be machined using the CAM device that was also used to manufacture the fixing key 10. The denture teeth 24 can be shortened basally according to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture teeth. For this purpose, a denture tooth machining control module for the CAM device (not shown) can be used, which is programmed to control the subtractive machining of the basal ends 28 of the denture teeth 24 inserted into the fixing key 10 according to the virtual model of the denture teeth.

[0142] Alternatively, it can also be provided that the fixing key is separated from the outer geometry 14 of the milling body 12. Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic top view of an alternative fixing key 30, which has been completely removed from a milling body.

[0143] The fixing key 30 has a first surface 35 that corresponds to a negative of a vestibular and / or coronal surface of virtual denture teeth from a virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. This first surface 35 thus forms several tooth recesses 36 of the fixing key 30, into which the corresponding denture teeth 24 are inserted (see Fig. 6) can be inserted and held flush with the surface of the fixing key 30 according to the virtual model of the prosthetic teeth.

[0144] The fixing key 30 further comprises a second surface 38, which corresponds to a negative of a vestibular surface of the virtual denture base of the same virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. The area of ​​the second surface 38 adjacent to the first surface 35 can be referred to as the third surface 37 and corresponds to a negative form of the marginal rim of the three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. A fourth surface 39 can replicate the patient's palate and be a negative form of the palatal plate of the three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0145] The calculation of the first surface 35 and the second surface 38, and optionally the third surface 37 and / or the fourth surface 39, can be carried out with a fixing key surface calculation module (not shown), and the production of the fixing key 30 from the milling body can be programmed with a fixing key control module (not shown) for controlling the CAM device to control the subtractive production of the surfaces calculated with the fixing key surface calculation module in the milling body, wherein the fixing key 30 is preferably completely separated from the milling body.

[0146] The prosthetic teeth 24 are fixed in the fixing key 30 with the coronal side first. Fig. Figure 6 shows a close-up of a section of a schematic top view of the alternative fixing key 30 according to Fig. 5 with inserted prosthetic teeth 24. The basal ends 28 of the prosthetic teeth 24 protrude from the fixing key 30 and can be worked on while they are held in the fixing key 30.

[0147] The basal ends 28 of the denture teeth 24, which are fixed in the fixing key 30, can be manually adjusted by holding the fixing key 30 by hand. For fully automated processing with a CAM device, the fixing key 30 would have to be re-fixed in a holder for a CAM device. The denture teeth 24 can be manually shortened basally to such an extent that they will fit into the denture base in any case, i.e., shortened excessively compared to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture teeth. The process can also be carried out iteratively by try-in on the denture base, shortening the denture teeth 24 basally until they fit. Alternatively, suitable markings can be applied to the lateral surfaces of the denture teeth 24 to determine the minimum amount of basal shortening required.

[0148] Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective view of a holder 54 of a CAM device and a machined milling body 44 attached therein, with a denture base 40 embedded in it. The milling body 44 may originally have been a milling blank. The denture base 40 was manufactured from the milling body 44 using a CAM process, corresponding to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture base of the dental prosthesis to be produced. The denture base 40 is connected to the remaining milling body 44 via connecting bridges 42. The milling body 44 can theoretically still be connected to the CAM device during the process described below, but can at least be easily reconnected to the CAM device.

[0149] The denture base 40 has tooth grooves 46 and / or tooth sockets 48 into which the basal ends 28 of the denture teeth 24, prepared according to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture teeth, can be inserted. The denture base 40 also has a vestibular surface 50 which, due to the previously described fabrication of the fixing key 10, 30, fits flush with the second surface 18, 38 of the fixing key 10, 30. The fixing key 10, 30 and the denture base 40 were fabricated for this purpose based on the same three-dimensional virtual dental prosthesis model. The denture base 40 may also have a palatal plate 52, which serves to rest on the palate of a patient.

[0150] The holder 54 is used for mounting on a CAM device and may have a metallic mounting ring 56 in which fixing holes 60 are provided. The milling body 44 can be attached to the holder 54 using the mounting ring 56 and screws 58.

[0151] A fixing key 30, fully equipped with basally prepared denture teeth 64, can now be used to fix the denture teeth 64 to the denture base 40 in the correct position and orientation relative to the denture base 40, so that a space is created between the basal ends 68 of the denture teeth 64 and the tooth sockets 48 and tooth grooves 46 as an adhesive gap. Such a fixing key 30, fully equipped with denture teeth 64, is in Fig. 8 shown. In the Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is the use of the fixing key 30 after Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 is shown because it is somewhat more compact and therefore the figures are a bit clearer. The fixing key 10 after the Fig. 3 and Fig. However, 4 can also be used, and even preferably according to the invention, for positioning and connecting the prosthesis teeth 24, 64 to the prosthesis base 40 in the same way as the fixing key 30. In the following description, the fixing key 30 can therefore be readily replaced by the fixing key 10.

[0152] The basal ends 68 of the denture teeth 64 and / or the tooth sockets 48 and tooth grooves 46 can be mechanically and chemically prepared for connection, for example, by cleaning the surfaces or swelling the basal ends 68 and / or the tooth sockets 48 and tooth grooves 46. A fluid adhesive or resin (not shown) can then optionally be applied as a bonding agent to the basal ends 68 of the denture teeth 64 and / or the tooth sockets 48 and tooth grooves 46. The fixation key 30, with the denture teeth 64 embedded within it, is then positioned against the denture base 40 such that the second surface 38 of the fixation key 30 is flush with the vestibular surface 50 of the denture base 40. This leaves a gap between the basal ends 68 of the prosthetic teeth 64 and the tooth sockets 48 and tooth grooves 46. This situation is in Fig. Figure 9 shows a schematic perspective view of the prosthesis base 40 connected to the fixation key 30 within the machined milling body 44. If fluid adhesive or composite resin was previously applied, it now fills the space. If necessary, additional fluid adhesive or composite resin can be injected into the space from the palatal side. If no fluid adhesive or composite resin was previously applied, it can now be injected into the space from the palatal side. For this purpose, channels (not shown) extending from the palatal side to the basal sides of the tooth sockets 36 may be present in the fixation key 30 before it is placed, or may have been cut or milled into the material of the fixation key 30. The fluid adhesive or composite resin is injected into the space through these channels.Preferably, the adhesive or plastic is injected in excess. The third surface 37 of the fixing key 30 forms the vestibular marginal rim 97 from the adhesive or plastic. The fluid adhesive or plastic can then be fully or partially cured.

[0153] The fixing key 30 can now be removed. To do this, the fixing key 30 can simply be pulled off and separated in the process. Any remaining fragments of the fixing key 30 and excess adhesive or plastic can be removed manually or using a subtractive CAM process according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. Theoretically, the fixing key can also be completely removed using the subtractive CAM process. After removing the fixing key 30 and the excess adhesive or plastic, the dental prosthesis, which consists of the denture base 40, the denture teeth 64, and the cured or partially cured adhesive or plastic in the space between them, only needs to be separated from the milling body 44. This situation is described in Fig. Figure 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the denture base 40 fitted with the denture teeth 64 in the machined milling body 44. For this purpose, the connecting bars 42 are separated.

[0154] The adhesive or plastic can then be fully cured, if this has not already been done, and cleaning and polishing can be carried out to remove any imperfections. Fig. The dental prosthesis 90 shown in Figure 12 is to be obtained. The vestibular marginal rim 97 was primarily formed by the third surface 37 of the fixation key 30. The fully cured plastic or adhesive is preferably gum-colored.

[0155] Especially in the fabrication of partial dentures, additional support or retention structures can be attached to the denture base to secure the partial denture in the oral cavity (for example, to implants). For this purpose, corresponding additional recesses must be provided in the denture base. The retention structures are then attached to the denture base using adhesive or composite resin.

[0156] Fig. Figure 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through a denture base 71 with a retention key 70 attached to it and denture teeth 72 contained therein. The denture teeth 72 have a coronal face 73, a lateral vestibular surface 74, and a basal end 75, the basal end 75 being opposite the coronal face 73. The denture base 71 is constructed analogously to the previous embodiments and has several tooth sockets 77 in an occlusal surface of the denture base 71. Similarly, tooth grooves or a continuous tooth groove extending along the entire dental arch could also be present. Furthermore, the denture base 71 has a vestibular surface 78.The fixing key 70 holds the denture teeth 72 in position such that the basal ends 75 of the denture teeth 72 are spaced apart from the denture base 71 in the tooth sockets 77, creating a gap 76 which can be filled with fluid adhesive or composite resin. This is achieved by the fixing key 70 having a first surface 81, which is a negative form of the coronal sides 73 and the vestibular surfaces 74 of the denture teeth 72, and a second surface 79, which is a negative form of the vestibular surface 78 of the denture base 71. This can be achieved simply by digitally constructing the denture base 71, the basal ends 75 of the denture teeth 72 and the fixing key 70 based on the same virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model using CAD methods and then manufacturing or processing them using a CAM method.Such methods have been presented above or are known to those skilled in the art. In this way, a third surface 80 of the fixing key 70 can also be generated as a negative form of a marginal border of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0157] A fluid adhesive or plastic can be injected or pressed into the space 76 from a lingual or palatal direction and then cured as described in the previous embodiment to produce the dental prosthesis.

[0158] The following is an example procedure based on the one associated with the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 to Fig. The 12 intermediate and final products shown are explained. The process of the exemplary procedure is described in Fig. 13 schematically represented.

[0159] In an optional first step 101, a virtual 3D model of a dental prosthesis 90 can be calculated using CAD. For this purpose, the anatomical conditions in the patient's oral cavity are used in a known manner with the aid of a virtual three-dimensional oral cavity model to calculate a suitable basal support for a virtual prosthesis base 1. The virtual prosthesis teeth 4 can be calculated from data sets of prefabricated prosthesis tooth shapes in a known manner by anatomically and / or articulatorily optimizing the arrangement of the virtual prosthesis teeth 4 in the oral cavity and optimizing the position and location of the virtual prosthesis teeth 4 with regard to their functionality.The connection between the virtual denture base 1 and the virtual denture teeth 4 is then automatically generated using a CAD process, based on the virtual three-dimensional oral cavity model and, if necessary, with manual corrections. In particular, the vestibular surface 5 and the virtual marginal margin of the virtual denture base 1 are determined. Alternatively, an existing virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model can simply be used and displayed.

[0160] In a second step, 102, a virtual model of the prosthetic teeth 4 and a virtual model of the prosthetic base 1, and optionally a virtual model of the marginal margin, are calculated from the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. This calculation can be performed, for example, using file splitting. Virtual tooth sockets 2 and / or virtual tooth grooves can also be created or calculated into the occlusal surface of the virtual prosthetic base 1.

[0161] In a third work step 103, which can be carried out in parallel or before or after the second work step 102, a virtual model of a fixation key is calculated using the virtual denture teeth 4 and the virtual denture base 1 and optionally the virtual marginal rim, whereby coronal surfaces 6 and the vestibular surfaces 9 of the denture teeth 4, the vestibular surfaces 5 of the virtual denture base 1 and optionally the marginal rim are realized as negatives in the virtual model of the fixation key.

[0162] In a fourth step 104, the physical locking key 10, 30, 70 is then manufactured according to the virtual model of the locking key using a CAM process. For this purpose, a milling body 12 can be clamped into a CAM device, and the first surface 15, 35, 81, the second surface 18, 38, 79, and preferably also the third surface 17, 37, 80 can be machined into the milling body 12 according to the virtual model of the locking key. Additionally, a palatal or lingual fourth surface 19, 39 is preferably also produced.The fixing key 10, 30, 70 contains tooth recesses 16, 36, which in their external form correspond to negatives of the selected prefabricated denture teeth 24, 64, 72, 94, wherein the tooth recesses 16, 36 in their position and orientation to each other and to the second surface 18, 38, 79 correspond to the position and orientation of the virtual denture teeth 4 to each other and to the vestibular surface 9 of the virtual denture base 1 in the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0163] In a fifth step 105, which can be performed parallel to the fourth step but also before or after it, the physical denture base 40, 71, 92 is manufactured according to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture base 1. For this purpose, a milling cutter 44 can be clamped into a CAM device, and with the CAM device, according to the virtual model of the denture base 1, all surfaces of the denture base 40, 71, 92 can be milled into the milling cutter 44, optionally with tooth sockets 48, 77 or at least a tooth groove 46, 77, whereby connecting bridges 42 are preferably retained, which connect the denture base 40, 71 to the rest of the milling cutter 44. The latter simplifies the handling of the denture base 40, 71, 92 in the following steps.

[0164] In an optional sixth step 106, tooth sockets 48, 77 and / or at least one tooth groove 46, 77 can be incorporated or enlarged in the occlusal surface of the denture base 40, 71, 92. The size of the tooth sockets 48, 77 and / or the at least one tooth groove 46, 77 is selected such that the basal end 28, 68, 75 of the corresponding denture tooth 24, 64, 72, 94 can be accommodated in the tooth socket 48, 77 and / or the at least one tooth groove 46, 77 with a space 76.

[0165] In a seventh step 107, the physical prosthetic teeth 24, 64, 72, 94 are inserted into the fixing key 10, 30, 70 according to the virtual model of the prosthetic teeth 4 and the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model.

[0166] In an optional eighth step, the prosthetic teeth 24, 64, 72, and 94, which are fixed in the fixing keys 10, 30, and 70, can be basally modified. In this process, the prosthetic teeth 24, 64, 72, and 94 are shortened basally according to the virtual model of the prosthetic teeth 4. This basal shortening of the prosthetic teeth 24, 64, 72, and 94 can preferably be performed using a CAM process, or alternatively, manually.

[0167] In an optional ninth step, the basal surfaces of the denture teeth 24, 64, 72, 94 and / or the surfaces of the tooth sockets 48, 77 and / or at least one tooth groove 46, 77 in the denture base 40, 71, 92 can be prepared to improve the connection of the denture teeth 24, 64, 72, 94 with the denture base 40, 71, 92. For this purpose, the surfaces can be cleaned and / or chemically pretreated.

[0168] The following two paths can be taken: Firstly, in a tenth step 110, fluid adhesive or polymerizable plastic can be applied to the basal ends of the prosthetic teeth 24, 64, 72, 94 and / or into the tooth sockets 48, 77 and / or the at least one tooth groove 46, 77. Subsequently, in an eleventh step 111, the fixing key 10, 30, 70, equipped with the prosthetic teeth 24, 64, 72, 94, can be placed against the denture base 40, 71, 92, whereby the negative second surface 18, 38, 79 of the fixing key 10, 30, 70, which corresponds to the vestibular surface 50, 78, 98 of the denture base 40, 71, 92, is placed flush against the denture base 40, 71, 92. Ideally, the fluid adhesive or resin then fills the space 76. If the space 76 is not completely filled with the fluid adhesive or resin, further fluid adhesive or resin can be added to the space 76 from the lingual or palatal side.

[0169] Alternatively, secondly, in an eleventh step 111, the fixing key 10, 30, 70, equipped with the prosthesis teeth 24, 64, 72, 94, can first be placed on the prosthesis base 40, 71, 92, whereby the second surface 18, 38, 79 of the fixing key 10, 30, 70, which matches the vestibular surface 50, 78, 98 of the prosthesis base 40, 71, 92, is placed flush with the prosthesis base 40, 71, 92. Subsequently, in a twelfth step 112, a fluid adhesive or a fluid polymerizable plastic can be poured from the lingual or palatal side into the space 76 between the denture teeth 24, 64, 72, 94 and the occlusal surface of the denture base 40, 71, 92 or the tooth sockets 48, 77 and / or the at least one tooth groove 46, 77 of the denture base 40, 71, 92, preferably in excess.

[0170] From this point on, the two paths of the procedure are merged again.

[0171] In a thirteenth step 113, the fluid adhesive or plastic can be cured or partially cured in the space 76.

[0172] In an optional fourteenth step 114, the fixing key 10, 30, 70 can be released from the denture teeth 24, 64, 72, 94, the denture base 40, 71, 92 and the hardened adhesive or plastic, and excess adhesive and / or plastic can be removed.

[0173] In an optional fifteenth step 115, if necessary, the dental prosthesis 90 can be post-hardened or final hardened.

[0174] In an optional sixteenth step 116, the dental prosthesis 90 can be subtractively machined using a CAM process according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. For example, the dental prosthesis 90 can be milled using a CAM device, such as a computer-controlled milling machine. This process also removes remnants of the fixing keys 10, 30, 70 and excess adhesive or plastic. In particular, the connecting bars 42 can also be removed, thus detaching the dental prosthesis 90 from the milling body 44.

[0175] As an optional seventeenth step 117, the dental prosthesis 90 can undergo final processing, for example, surface treatment, cleaning and / or polishing of the dental prosthesis 90.

[0176] The features of the invention disclosed in the preceding description, as well as in the claims, figures and embodiments, can be essential for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination. Reference symbol list 1 Virtual prosthesis base 2 Virtual Tooth Socket 3 Virtual palatal plate 4 Virtual denture tooth 5 Vestibular surface of the prosthesis base (virtual model) 6 Coronal surface of a prosthetic tooth (virtual model) 8 Basal side of a prosthetic tooth (virtual model) 9 Vestibular surface of a prosthetic tooth (virtual model) 10 fixing keys 12 milling bodies 14 Outer geometry / Ring 15 First surface of the fixing key / Negative of the denture teeth 16 Tooth depression 17 Third surface of the fixing key / Negative of the marginal hem 18 Second surface of the fixing key / Negative of the vestibular surface of the prosthesis base 19 Palatal fourth surface of the fixing key 24 prosthetic teeth 28 Basal end of a prosthetic tooth 30 fixing keys 35 First surface of the fixing key / Negative of the denture teeth 36 Tooth depression 37 Third surface of the fixing key / Negative of the marginal hem 38 Second surface of the fixing key / Negative of the vestibular surface of the prosthesis base 39 Palatal fourth surface of the fixing key 40 prosthetic bases 42 Connecting bridge 44 milling bodies 46 Tooth groove 48 tooth sockets 50 Vestibular surface of the prosthesis base 52 Palate plate 54 bracket 56 Mounting ring 58 screw 60 fixing holes 64 Prosthetic tooth 66 Coronal side of a prosthetic tooth 68 Basal end of a prosthetic tooth 70 fixing keys 71 Prosthetic base 72 Prosthetic tooth 73 Coronal side of a prosthetic tooth 74 Vestibular surface of a prosthetic tooth 75 Basal end of a prosthetic tooth 76 space 77 Tooth socket / tooth groove 78 Vestibular surface of the prosthesis base 79 Second surface of the fixing key / Negative of the vestibular surface of the prosthesis base 80 Third surface of the fixing key / Negative of the marginal hem 81 First surface of the fixing key / Negative of the denture teeth 90 Dental prosthesis 91 Palate plate 92 Prosthetic base 94 Prosthetic tooth 97 Marginal hem 98 Vestibular surface of the prosthesis base 99 Vestibular surface of a prosthetic tooth 101 Optional step: Calculating a virtual 3D model of a dental prosthesis Step 102: Calculating a virtual model of prosthetic teeth and a virtual model of a prosthetic base, and optionally a virtual model of a marginal rim, from the virtual 3D model of the dental prosthesis. Step 103: Calculating a virtual model of a fixation key using the virtual models of the denture teeth and the denture base and optionally the marginal rim, whereby coronal and vestibular surfaces of the denture teeth, vestibular surfaces of the denture base and optionally the marginal rim are realized as negatives in the virtual model of the fixation key. Step 104: Manufacturing the fixing key according to the virtual model of the fixing key Step 105: Manufacturing the prosthesis base according to the virtual three-dimensional model of the prosthesis base 106 Optional step: Incorporating or enlarging tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove in the occlusal surface of the denture base Step 107: Inserting physical denture teeth into the fixation key according to the virtual model of the denture teeth. 108 Optional step: Machining the denture teeth fixed in the fixing key 109 Optional step: Preparing the basal surfaces of the denture teeth and / or the surfaces of the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove in the denture base to improve the connection Step 110: Applying fluid adhesive or polymerizable plastic to the basal ends of the denture teeth and / or into the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove in excess. Step 111: Applying the fixing key fitted with the prosthesis teeth to the prosthesis base, whereby the negative surface of the fixing key, which matches the surface of the prosthesis base, is placed flush with the prosthesis base. Step 112: Pouring a fluid adhesive or a fluid polymerizable plastic from the lingual or palatal side into the space between the denture teeth and the occlusal surface of the denture base or the tooth sockets and / or at least one tooth groove of the denture base in excess. Step 113: Curing of the fluid adhesive or plastic 114 Optional step: Detaching the fixing key from the denture teeth, the denture base and the hardened adhesive or plastic, and removing excess adhesive and / or plastic 115 Optional step: Post-curing or final curing of the dental prosthesis 116 Optional step: Subtractive fabrication of the dental prosthesis using a CAM process according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model 117 Optional step: Final finishing of the dental prosthesis QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] WO 91 / 07141 A1

[0004] DE 10 2009 056 752 A1

[0004] WO 2013 / 124 452 A1

[0004] DE 103 04 757 B4

[0004] EP 2 742 906 A1

[0004] WO 2016 / 110 392 A1

[0005] EP 2 571 451 B1

[0005] EP 2 666 438 A2

[0005] WO 2014 / 159 436 A1

[0005] DE 10 2017 117 4912 A1

[0007] US 2022 / 0110730 A1

[0007] US 2022 / 0096217 A1

[0007] WO 2016 / 091 762 A1

[0008]

Claims

[1] Method for manufacturing or preparing for the manufacture of a dental prosthesis (90), wherein the dental prosthesis (90) comprises a denture base (40, 71, 92) and several denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), wherein the denture base (40, 71, 92) comprises a gum-colored plastic, wherein the method is carried out using a virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model of the dental prosthesis (90) to be produced, and wherein the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model comprises virtual denture teeth (4) and a virtual denture base (1), characterized by the following chronological steps: A) Calculating a virtual model of a fixation key (10, 30, 70), wherein a virtual first surface of the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70) is calculated as a first negative of the outer shape of vestibular surfaces (9) and / or coronal surfaces (6) of the virtual denture teeth (4), and a second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70) is calculated as a second negative from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces (5) of the virtual denture base (1) of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, wherein the position and orientation of the virtual denture teeth (4) relative to each other and relative to the virtual denture base (1) is preserved in the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70); B) Manufacturing a fixing key (10, 30, 70) using a CAM process based on the data of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70); C) Inserting denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) into the fixation key (10, 30, 70) produced in step B), whereby vestibular surfaces (74, 99) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) and / or coronal surfaces (66, 73) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are placed against a first surface (15, 35, 81) of the fixation key (10, 30, 70) shaped according to the first virtual surface; and D) Arranging the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on a denture base (40, 71, 92), wherein the denture base (40, 71, 92) has tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or at least one tooth groove (46) along a dental arch of the denture base (40, 71, 92) for receiving basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), wherein the fixing key (10, 30, 70) fitted with the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) is applied to the denture base (40, 71, 92) such that at least part of a vestibular surface (50, 78, 98) of the denture base (40, 71, 92) is applied to a second surface (18, 38, 79) of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) shaped according to the second virtual surface and that the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are spaced apart from the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46). [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by, that during step D) a fluid adhesive or resin is applied to the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) and / or to the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) and / or after step D) a fluid adhesive or resin is applied to a space (76) between the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on the one hand and the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) on the other hand, wherein in all cases the fluid adhesive or resin subsequently bonds the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) and the denture base (40, 71, 92) directly to each other and / or the spacing between the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) and the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) is bridged or filled, preferably afterwards the fluid adhesive or plastic is cured. [3] Method according to claim 2, characterized by , that after step D) the fluid adhesive or plastic is introduced into the space (76) between the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on the one hand and the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) on the other hand, by pressing the fluid adhesive or plastic into the space (76) from the lingual or palatal side, wherein preferably at least one channel is created in the fixation key (10, 30, 70) before pressing in the fluid adhesive or plastic, in particular by centrally cutting the material of the fixation key (10, 30, 70), wherein the fluid adhesive or plastic is pressed and guided through the at least one channel into the space (76). [4] Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, that after the fluid adhesive or plastic has hardened or partially hardened in the space (76) the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is separated from the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), the denture base (40, 71, 92) and the fluid or hardened adhesive or plastic, wherein preferably excess hardened adhesive or plastic and / or residues of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) are removed according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model by means of a CAM process. [5] Method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by, that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space (76) is at least as large as the volume of the space (76) between the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on the one hand and the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) on the other hand, preferably at least 5% larger than the volume of the space (76), particularly preferably at least 20% larger than the volume of the space (76). [6] Method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by, that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space (76) is at most three times the volume of the space (76) between the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on the one hand and the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) on the other hand, preferably at most 100% larger than the volume of the space (76), particularly preferably at most 50% larger than the volume of the space (76). [7] Method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized by, that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space (76) is at least as large and at most three times as large as the volume of the space (76) between the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) on the one hand and the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) on the other hand, preferably at least 5% larger and at most 100% larger than the volume of the space (76), particularly preferably at least 20% and at most 50% larger than the volume of the space (76). [8] Method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized by, that the volume of the fluid adhesive or plastic that is applied or introduced into the space (76) is selected depending on a volume of the virtual space (76) calculated from the arrangement of the virtual denture teeth (4) and the virtual denture base (1) including virtual tooth sockets and / or at least one virtual tooth groove, preferably proportional to the volume of the virtual space (76) calculated from the arrangement of the virtual denture teeth (4) and the virtual denture base (1) including virtual tooth sockets and / or at least one virtual tooth groove, and particularly preferably with an excess of between 5% and 100% of this volume of the virtual space (76). [9] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that in step D) the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are arranged such that at least one space (76) with a total volume of at least 1 mm is bounded by the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) and by the denture sockets (48, 77) and / or by the at least one denture groove (46). 3 arises, preferably of at least 10 mm 3 arises, particularly preferably of at least 100 mm 3 arises, especially preferentially from at least 1000 mm 3 arises. [10] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that as part of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, a virtual marginal rim is additionally calculated, which is either arranged between the virtual prosthesis teeth (4) and the virtual prosthesis base (1) and which connects the virtual prosthesis teeth (4) and the virtual prosthesis base (1) at least vestibularly, or which is defined as an area of ​​the virtual prosthesis base (1) adjacent to the virtual prosthesis teeth (4), wherein in step A) the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is calculated such that a third virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is formed as a third negative from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual marginal rim, wherein preferably the third virtual surface is arranged between the first virtual surface and the second virtual surface,where the third virtual surface is particularly preferred for connecting the first virtual surface and the second virtual surface. [11] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in step D) or after step D) a part of the vestibular surface of the dental prosthesis (90) adjacent to the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), in particular a vestibular marginal rim (97) of the dental prosthesis (90) adjacent to the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), is formed from the adhesive or the plastic by a surface of the fixing key (10, 30, 70). [12] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the fixing key (10, 30, 70) equipped with the prosthesis teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) is placed on the prosthesis base (40, 71, 92) in such a way that the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthesis teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are at least partially arranged within the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46). [13] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that in step A) the calculation of the first virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is carried out from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces (9) and / or coronal surfaces (6) of the virtual denture teeth (4) by forming a region of the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) by a negative of vestibular surfaces and / or coronal surfaces (6) of the virtual denture teeth (4), and / or in step A) the calculation of the second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is carried out from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual denture base (1) of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model by forming a region of the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) by a negative of vestibular surfaces of the virtual denture base (1), and / or In step A) the calculation of the third virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) from the outer shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual marginal rim of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is carried out by forming an area of ​​the virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) by a negative of vestibular surfaces of the virtual marginal rim, wherein preferably the second virtual surface and / or the third virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is an internal or inwardly oriented area of ​​the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70). [14] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that prior to step D) the denture base (40, 71, 92) is manufactured using a CAM process according to the virtual three-dimensional model of the denture base (1), wherein preferably the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) are incorporated into an occlusal surface of the denture base (40, 71, 92) using a subtractive process, in particular a subtractive CAM process according to a virtual three-dimensional model of the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46), wherein the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) do not extend to a basal surface of the denture base (40, 71, 92). [15] Method according to claim 14, characterized bythat the denture base (40, 71, 92) is manufactured with at least one common tooth groove (46) along the dental arch on the occlusal side of the denture base (40, 71, 92) for several adjacent or all denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) of the dental prosthesis (90), wherein the common tooth groove (46) is dimensioned such that the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the several adjacent or all denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) can be arranged within the common tooth groove (46) in the position and orientation to each other specified according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, wherein preferably the at least one common tooth groove (46) has a uniform width that is greater than the width of the basal end of the widest denture tooth to be inserted from the group of several adjacent or all Prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94). [16] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the dental prosthesis (90) has support, retention and / or fastening elements, wherein the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model has virtual recesses in the virtual prosthesis base (1) for fastening the support, retention and / or fastening elements, and the support, retention and / or fastening elements are attached to the prosthesis base (40, 71, 92), wherein preferably the support, retention and / or fastening elements are manufactured or provided beforehand from one or more metallic or ceramic materials. [17] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the locking key (10, 30, 70) is manufactured in step B) from a milling body (12) which has a circumferential outer geometry (14) open on one or both sides made of a dimensionally stable material and has an inner area made of an elastic material, wherein in step B) the locking key (10, 30, 70) is milled out of the inner area, wherein preferably the outer geometry (14) has retentions or a grid structure on its inner side to improve the mechanical connection to the inner area and / or the outer geometry encloses the inner area in the form of a cylindrical tube section and the inner area is a cylindrical disc which is positively enclosed by the outer geometry (14). [18] Method according to claim 17, characterized by, that the outer geometry (14) is made of a plastic, in particular of PMMA and / or that the interior has a Shore hardness (Shore A) between 70 and 90, in particular being made substantially or entirely of a silicone with a Shore hardness (Shore A) of at least 70 and at most 90. [19] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the second virtual surface of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) in step A) is calculated such that the second surface (18, 38, 79) is flush with and surrounds the entire vestibular surfaces (5) of the virtual prosthesis base (1), wherein preferably the width of the second surface (18, 38, 79) is at least 1 mm, and particularly preferably at least 3 mm. [20] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that all inward-facing surfaces of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) in step A) are calculated as a negative shape of vestibular surfaces of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model or a virtual dental prosthesis outer contour of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model. [21] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in step A) a negative offset is added to the first surface (15, 35, 81) or to the first surface (15, 35, 81) and to the virtual surface, which reduces the size of the first surface (15, 35, 81) or the first virtual surface and, if applicable, the second surface (18, 38, 79). [22] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in step C) prefabricated denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are inserted into the fixing key (10, 30, 70), preferably the prefabricated denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are selected according to the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, so that the prefabricated denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) fit as well as possible to the virtual denture teeth (4) of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, at least in the area of ​​the crowns of the prefabricated denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), or The virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is constructed using a CAD process with the aid of virtual three-dimensional models of different prefabricated prosthesis teeth (4), wherein, during the construction of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model, a group of prefabricated prosthesis teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) is selected based on their virtual three-dimensional models and this selected group of prefabricated prosthesis teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) is inserted into the fixing key (10, 30, 70), wherein, particularly preferably, during the construction of the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model using a CAD process, the virtual three-dimensional models of the selected group of prefabricated prosthesis teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are basally shortened so that the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the virtual prosthesis teeth (4) are within the virtual prosthesis base (1) lie. [23] Method according to claim 22, characterized by , that the prefabricated denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are shortened basally before step D) or after step C) and before step D) using a subtractive CAM process according to the three-dimensional model of the virtual denture teeth (4) or are shortened manually to fit the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46), wherein preferably the prefabricated denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are fixed in the fixing key (10, 30, 70) in step C) with a luting material, such as wax or adhesive. [24] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is computationally split into a three-dimensional model of the virtual prosthesis teeth (4) and a virtual three-dimensional model of the prosthesis base (1) using file splitting, or The virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is computationally divided by means of file splitting into a three-dimensional model of the virtual prosthesis teeth (4), a virtual three-dimensional model of the prosthesis base (1) and into a virtual three-dimensional model of the tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or the at least one tooth groove (46) and / or the marginal rim. [25] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that in step B) the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is manufactured from a milling body (12) with a retention geometry for fixation in a CAM device, wherein the retention geometry remains firmly connected to the fixing key (10, 30, 70) and wherein, after step C) and before step D), the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is fixed to the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) via the retention geometry in a CAM device and the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are machined basally using a CAM process, while the denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are held in the fixing key (10, 30, 70), wherein preferably the retention geometry has an outer ring that is firmly and positively interlocked with the rest of the milling body (12) or the remaining fixing key (10, 30, 70), and the retaining geometry has at least one fastening element on the outside for fixing the milling body (12) or the fixing key (10, 30, 70) in the CAM device. [26] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in step A) the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70) is calculated such that the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70) is spaced from the virtual prosthesis base (1) on the palatal or lingual side at least in the area of ​​the palatal or lingual marginal rim and / or that channels are provided on the palatal or lingual side of the virtual model of the fixation key (10, 30, 70). [27] Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the virtual three-dimensional dental prosthesis model is generated on the basis of an intraoral scan or a scan of an impression of the oral cavity for shaping the virtual prosthesis base (1) and by a virtual setup of virtual models of prefabricated prosthesis teeth (4) in the virtual prosthesis base (1), wherein the shape, position and / or orientation of the virtual prosthesis teeth (4) is preferably selected by a simulation of the position of the dental prosthesis in the patient's oral cavity and / or by a simulation of the position and orientation of the virtual prosthesis teeth (4) to each other and / or to the virtual prosthesis base (1), wherein the occlusal plane and / or the chewing movements of the oral cavity are particularly preferably simulated. [28] Dental prosthesis (90) manufactured by a method according to any of the preceding claims. [29] Dental prosthesis (90) with an attached fixing key (10, 30, 70), wherein the dental prosthesis (90) and the fixing key (10, 30, 70) are manufactured by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein vestibular surfaces (74, 99) and / or coronal surfaces (66, 73) of prosthesis teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) of the dental prosthesis (90) are attached to a surface of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) formed by the corresponding negative mold, wherein a vestibular surface (50, 78, 98) of a prosthesis base (40, 71, 92) of the dental prosthesis (90) is attached to a corresponding surface of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) formed by a negative mold, and wherein basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) are spaced apart from tooth sockets (48, 77) and / or at least one tooth groove (46) for receiving basal ends (28, 68, 75) of the prosthetic teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), wherein the tooth sockets (48,77) and / or at least one tooth groove (46) is located on the occlusal side of the denture base (40, 71, 92). [30] Device or combination of devices for carrying out a method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, comprising a CAM device and a computer for calculating the virtual models and for controlling the CAM device according to any one of claims 1 to 27. [31] Device according to claim 30, the device characterized by a fixing key surface calculation module for calculating the first surface (15, 35, 81) of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) and for calculating the second surface (18, 38, 79) of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) according to step A), and preferably for calculating the third surface (17, 37, 80) of the virtual model of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) according to claim 10 and step A); and a fixing key control module for a CAM device programmed to control the subtractive manufacturing of the surfaces calculated with the fixing key surface calculation module in a milling body (12); and preferably a denture tooth machining control module for a CAM device programmed to control the subtractive machining of the basal ends (28, 68, 75) of denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94) inserted into the fixing key (10, 30, 70) according to the virtual model of the denture teeth (4). [32] Fixing key (10, 30, 70) manufactured by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein a first surface (15, 35, 81) of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is formed by a negative of vestibular surfaces (74, 99) and / or coronal surfaces (66, 73) of denture teeth (24, 64, 72, 94), a second surface (18, 38, 79) of the fixing key (10, 30, 70) is formed by a negative of a vestibular surface of a denture base (40, 71, 92), and a third surface (17, 37, 80) is arranged between the first surface (15, 35, 81) and the second surface (18, 38, 79), which forms the first surface (15, 35, 81) and the second surface (18, 38, 79) are spaced apart from each other, preferably the fixing key (10, 30, 70) being exposed on the lingual or palatal side or having at least a channel for introducing a fluid adhesive or plastic to the third surface (17, 37, 80). [33] Fixing key (10, 30, 70) according to claim 32, characterized by , that the locking key (10, 30, 70) has a retaining geometry for attachment to a CAM device, which is firmly and positively connected to the rest of the locking key (10, 30, 70), wherein preferably the retaining geometry encloses the locking key (10, 30, 70) in a ring shape and has at least one fastening element for fixing the locking key (10, 30, 70) to the CAM device, wherein the retaining geometry particularly preferably has a greater Shore hardness than the rest of the locking key (10, 30, 70).

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