Switchable freewheel and clutch assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to a switchable freewheel (10) with a leaf spring device (42) and a clutch assembly (74).

Description

The invention relates to a switchable freewheel according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a clutch assembly with such a switchable freewheel. German patent application DE 10 2016 223 369 A1 describes a switchable freewheel with a ring element, several clamping components, and associated clamping ramps, each having a first circumferential area for interrupting the force between the associated clamping component and the ring element, and a second circumferential area for transmitting the force between the associated clamping component and the ring element. The clamping components are switchably positioned in the first or second circumferential area by a positioning element. Another switchable freewheel is known from DE 10 2019 122 555 A1. The object of the present invention is to operate the switchable freewheel in a more energy-efficient manner, as well as to make it more cost-effective, simpler, and more space-saving. The actuating force required to operate the switchable freewheel should be reduced. At least one of these tasks is solved by a switchable freewheel with the features of claim 1 and by a coupling assembly with the features of claim 10. This reduces the actuating force required by the actuator to change the switching position. The switchable freewheel and the actuator can be designed more cost-effectively and with less installation space. The switchable freewheel can be located in a vehicle. The switchable freewheel can be located in the vehicle's drivetrain. The drivetrain can be a hybrid drivetrain. The switchable freewheel can be used in a clutch device for torque transmission. The transmissible torque can be drive torque for propelling the vehicle. The switchable freewheel can be switched electrically, electromagnetically, pneumatically, and / or hydraulically by the actuator. The actuator can have a magnetic coil that, in particular, generates an axial movement dependent on an electric current. The coupling component can be a hub or a shaft. The coupling component can be rotatable about the axis of rotation. Alternatively, the coupling component can be fixed to the housing. The clamping components can be clamping elements, in particular clamping rollers. The clamping components can be arranged radially inside or radially outside the coupling component. The coupling component can be an inner ring or an outer ring. In the second switching position, the clamping components can be rolled off the coupling component regardless of the direction of rotation between the connecting component and the coupling component. The clamping areas can each be designed as clamping ramps. The clamping ramps can be inclined radially along the circumferential direction. The inclination of the ramps can be designed such that a radial gap for the clamping components between the connecting component and the coupling component becomes progressively smaller in the direction of rotation in which the torque transmission between the connecting component and the coupling component is established. This allows the clamping components to be clamped in the clamping area between the coupling component and the connecting component, thereby coupling the coupling component and the connecting component together in a torque-transmitting, rotating manner. The actuating element can be made of sheet metal. To set the first switching position, the actuating element can be movable in a first axial direction. To set the second switching position, the actuating element can be moved in the opposite axial direction. A reverse relationship is also possible. A transmission element can be rotatably coupled to the guide component around the axis of rotation to change the switching position. The transmission element can be designed as a sheet metal component. The transmission element can be fixedly connected to the guide component. The transmission element, the guide component, and / or the actuating element can be arranged concentrically to each other. The guide component and the transmission element can be connected to each other by positive locking, force locking, and / or material locking. The guide component and the transmission element can be connected to each other by toothing. The guide component and the transmission element can be manufactured as a single piece. The clamping components can be arranged axially between the actuating element and the transmission element. The actuating element can be arranged on one axial side of the coupling component and the transmission element on an axially opposite side of the coupling component. In the second switching position, the connecting component and the coupling component can be rotatable relative to each other, regardless of the direction of rotation, and / or decoupled from each other to interrupt torque transmission between the coupling component and the connecting component. Torque coupling between the coupling component and the connecting component can be interrupted in the second switching position. The rotation-direction-dependent torque coupling can be deactivated in the second switching position. In the second switching position, the connecting component and the coupling component can be connected to each other in a torque-transmitting manner, regardless of the direction of rotation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous if the leaf spring device comprises first leaf spring elements, and the first leaf spring elements are coupled to the actuating element at a first circumferential position and to the guide component at a second circumferential position offset from the first circumferential position to convert the axial movement of the actuating element into the rotation of the guide component. The coupling can involve a direct or indirect connection. For example, the coupling to the guide component can be formed by a connection to and between the transmission element and the guide component. The first leaf spring elements can be connected to the transmission element at the second circumferential position. The first leaf spring elements can be positively, force-, and / or materially connected to the transmission element and / or the actuating element.The first leaf spring elements may be riveted to the transmission element and / or to the actuating element. The first leaf spring elements can axially overlap the clamping components, at least in sections. The first leaf spring elements can axially overlap the coupling component, at least in sections. The leaf spring device can have at least two, and in particular at least three, first leaf spring elements. This allows the actuating element to be centered. The first leaf spring elements can each be coupled at a first circumferential position to the actuating element and at a second circumferential position offset from the first circumferential position to the coupling component or a component non-rotatably connected to it, for example, a support disc. This allows the actuating element to simultaneously perform a rotation during an axial movement by the first leaf spring elements. The rotation can be transmitted to the guide component for switching the switching position via lever elements or further leaf spring elements. In a particular embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous if the leaf spring device has two leaf spring elements and the actuating element is effectively arranged between the first and second leaf spring elements of the leaf spring device. The first leaf spring elements can each be arranged circumferentially offset or at least partially circumferentially overlapping the second leaf spring elements. The first and second leaf spring elements can each be effectively arranged in series. The first leaf spring elements and the second leaf spring elements can convert an axial movement in a first axial direction into a rotation in the same direction and / or an axial movement in a second axial direction into a rotation in the opposite direction. The leaf spring device can have at least two, and in particular at least three, second leaf spring elements. This allows the actuating element to be centered. A preferred embodiment of the invention is advantageous in which the second leaf spring elements are coupled to the actuating element at a third circumferential position and to the coupling component at a fourth circumferential position offset circumferentially from the third circumferential position. The coupling can involve a direct or indirect connection. The first and third circumferential positions can each be identical. The first and second leaf spring elements can each be attached to the actuating element, in particular radially and / or circumferentially offset from one another. The first and second leaf spring elements can each be attached to the actuating element with the same fastening element. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first leaf spring elements are arranged radially outside the clamping components. The first leaf spring elements can be arranged radially outside the coupling component. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a return spring device is further provided, and the actuating element is axially movable against a return force of the return spring device. The leaf spring device can form the return spring device. The actuating element can be axially movable against the return force to set the first switching position. The setting of the second switching position can be assisted by the return force. The return force can be provided by the first and / or second leaf spring elements. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous if an actuating torque of the leaf spring device can be supported via the actuating element and / or the coupling component. The actuating element and the first coupling component can be rotationally fixed relative to each other or, in particular, rotatable within the limits of the rotational mobility provided by the leaf spring device. The actuating element can be axially movable relative to the coupling component. The actuating element can be rotationally fixed relative to the coupling component via the first and / or second leaf spring elements. In a specific embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous if an axial actuating force of the leaf spring device can be supported by the coupling component. The axial actuating force can be supported by a positive-locking connection between the first leaf spring elements and the coupling component or a component connected thereto. The first leaf spring elements can engage in an external groove in the coupling component or a component connected thereto. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the support for the axial actuating force is effectively arranged in front of the guide component, thereby relieving the guide component of the axial actuating force. The support for the axial actuating force can also be effectively arranged in front of the transmission element, thereby relieving the actuating element of the axial actuating force. Furthermore, within the scope of the invention, a coupling assembly with the features of claim 10 is proposed to solve at least one of the aforementioned problems. The connecting component can be rotatable about the axis of rotation. The connecting component can be fixed in a non-rotatable position. The coupling assembly can be arranged as a K1 coupling or a K0 coupling in the hybrid powertrain. Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description of the figures and the illustrations. Character description The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures. Specifically, the figures show: Fig. 1: A cross-section of a switchable freewheel in a particular embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2: A top view of the switchable freewheel in Fig. 1 in the first switching position. Fig. 3: A top view of the switchable freewheel in Fig. 1 in the second switching position. Fig. 4: A force curve of a switchable freewheel in another particular embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5: A section of a cross-section of a clutch assembly in a particular embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6: A cross-section of the switchable freewheel of the clutch assembly in Fig. 5. Fig. 7: A cross-section of a switchable freewheel in another particular embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of a switchable freewheel in a specific embodiment of the invention. The switchable freewheel 10 comprises an annular coupling element 14 having several clamping areas 12, which can be connected to a connecting element (not shown) in a torque-transmitting manner depending on the direction of rotation between the coupling element 14 and the connecting element. The coupling element 14 can be connected to another component (not shown) via an internal toothing 16. Extending from the internal toothing 16, the coupling element 14 has a radial section 18, to which an axial section 20 is attached radially outwards. The clamping areas 12 are formed on an inner circumference 22 of the axial section 20. The clamping area 12 is preferably designed as clamping ramps, each having a radial gap in the clamping area 12 that varies in the circumferential direction between the connecting component and the coupling component 14. The switchable freewheel 10 further comprises a guide element 26 that is rotatable about a rotational axis 24 for switching at least between a first switching position and a second switching position. The guide element 26 is rotatable relative to the coupling element 14 within a limited range and has circumferentially offset window areas 28 in which clamping elements 30, here clamping bodies, are arranged. The clamping bodies are guided circumferentially by the guide element 26 relative to the coupling element 14. In the first switching position of the guide element 26, the clamping elements 30 are arranged circumferentially in the area of ​​the associated clamping areas 12 of the coupling element 14 for direction-dependent torque transmission between the coupling element 14 and the connecting element via the clamping elements 30 and clamping areas 12. In the second switching position, they are arranged circumferentially offset relative to the clamping areas 12. In the first switching position, the clamping components 30 located at the clamping areas 12 cause a torque-transmitting connection in a first direction of rotation as a relative rotation between the coupling component 14 and the connection component, in which the coupling component 14 and the connection component rotate together, or in an opposite second direction of rotation a decoupling between the coupling component 14 and the connection component, in which the coupling component 14 and the connection component can rotate against each other. In the second switching position, the clamping elements 30 are arranged circumferentially offset from the clamping areas 12 by the guide element 26. In this position, the clamping elements 30 can rotate between the coupling element 14 and the connecting element 14, regardless of the direction of rotation. The coupling element 14 and the connecting element 14 are thus decoupled from each other, regardless of the direction of rotation, and torque transmission between the connecting element and the coupling element 14 is interrupted. The clamping components 30 are each acted upon by return springs 32, here coil springs, in the first switching position in a circumferential direction facing the clamping position in the clamping areas 12. The switchable freewheel 10 further comprises a rotatable transmission element 34, the switching position of which can be changed by the guide component 26. The transmission element 34 is positively locked and rotationally fixed to the guide component 26 by means of a toothing 36. A rotation of the transmission element 34 is converted into a rotation of the guide component 26 by the toothing 36. The transmission element 34 has a radially outer axial section 38 for centering relative to the coupling component 14. The transmission element 34 is coupled to an actuating element 40 which is movable by an actuator. The actuating element 40 is axially movable by the actuator. The actuator can be a magnetic coil. The transmission element 34 is connected to the actuating element 40 via a leaf spring assembly 42, which comprises first leaf spring elements 44. These first leaf spring elements are connected to the actuating element 40 at a first circumferential position 46 and to the transmission element 34 at a second circumferential position 48, offset circumferentially from the first circumferential position 46, to convert the axial movement of the actuating element 40 into a rotation of the transmission element 34. At the second circumferential position 48, the first leaf spring elements 44 are each attached to the transmission element 34 by a radial section 50 extending from the axial section 38, in particular by riveting or screwing. The first leaf spring elements 44 are arranged radially outside the clamping components 30 and are riveted to the actuating element at the first circumferential position 46. Furthermore, the leaf spring assembly 42 has second leaf spring elements 52, which are connected at a third circumferential position 54 to the actuating element 40 and at a fourth circumferential position, offset circumferentially from the third circumferential position 54 and concealed here, to the coupling component 14. The second leaf spring elements 52 are riveted at the third circumferential position 54 to the actuating element 40 and at the fourth circumferential position to the coupling component. The actuating element 40 is effectively arranged between the first leaf spring elements 44 and the second leaf spring elements 52 of the leaf spring assembly 42. The first and second leaf spring elements 44, 52 are each effectively arranged in series. An axial movement of the actuating element 40 to switch the switching position of the guide component 26 causes, via the second leaf spring elements 52, a rotation of the actuating element 40 in one direction. This rotation, together with the axial movement of the actuating element 40, causes, via the first leaf spring elements 44, a rotation of the transmission element 34 and, via the toothing 36, a further rotation of the guide component 26 in the same direction. The actuating element 40 is axially movable against the restoring force of a restoring spring device 56 formed by the leaf spring assembly 42 for switching the switching position. The first and second leaf spring elements 44, 52 exert the axial restoring force on the actuating element 40.An axial movement of the actuating element 40 in a first axial direction A1 against the restoring force causes the first switching position to be set, and an axial movement in an opposite second axial direction A2 supports the restoring force in setting the second switching position. An actuating torque of the leaf spring device 42, which causes the rotation of the transmission element 34, is supported on the coupling component 14 via the leaf spring device 42. Conversely, an axial actuating force of the leaf spring device 42 is also supported on the coupling component 14. The support of the axial actuating force is effectively arranged in front of the transmission element 34 by the engagement of the first leaf spring elements 44 in a radial groove 58 on an outer circumference 60 of the coupling component 14. This relieves the transmission element 34 of the axial actuating force. Fig. 2 shows a top view of the switchable freewheel in Fig. 1 in the first switching position. The switchable freewheel 10 is shown in a first axial position 62 of the actuating element 40, which, via the leaf spring device 42 with the first and second leaf spring elements 44, 52, sets the first switching position 64 at the guide component. In this position, the transmission element 34, and thus the guide component, has a first rotational position φ1, which is set by the first axial position 62 of the actuating element 40. Fig. 3 shows a top view of the switchable freewheel in Fig. 1 in the second switching position. The switchable freewheel 10 is shown in a second axial position 66 of the actuating element 40, which, via the leaf spring device 42 with the first and second leaf spring elements 44, 52, sets a second rotational position φ2 of the transmission element 34 and the guide component, and thus the second switching position 68. Fig. 4 shows a force curve of a switchable freewheel in a further specific embodiment of the invention. The curve of the actuating force 72 of the actuator is shown in comparison to an actuating force 70 required to switch the switching position of the guide component over the rotational position φ of the guide component. The actuating force 70 required to set the rotational position φ of the guide component is less than the provided actuating force 72 at all rotational positions φ. Fig. 5 shows a section of a cross-section of a coupling assembly in a specific embodiment of the invention. The coupling assembly 74 comprises the connecting component 76, the switchable freewheel 10, and the actuator 78 for actuating the actuating element 40. The connecting component 76 has an outer circumference 80 against which the clamping components bear. The clamping components are arranged radially between the coupling component 14 and the connecting component 76. In the first switching position, torque transmission between the connecting component 76 and the coupling component 14 is established via the clamping components and the clamping areas, depending on the direction of rotation. The actuator 78 comprises a magnetic coil 82 which, depending on an electric current, causes an axial movement 84 of the actuating element 40. The actuating element 40 is coupled to the actuating element 40 at a first circumferential position via first leaf spring elements 44 of the leaf spring assembly 42, and at a second circumferential position offset circumferentially from the first circumferential position, to a support disc 86, which is fixedly connected to the coupling component 14. This allows the actuating element 40 to simultaneously perform a rotation during an axial movement 84 via the first leaf spring elements 44. The rotation can be transmitted to the guide component 26 for switching the switching position. Fig. 6 shows a cross-section of the switchable freewheel of the clutch assembly in Fig. 5. The switchable freewheel 10 is identical to that in Fig. 1 except for the following differences. The first leaf spring elements 44 of the leaf spring assembly 42 are connected at a first circumferential position to the actuating element 40 and at a second circumferential position to a support disc 86. The support disc 86 is rigidly connected to the coupling component 14. The actuating element 40 has axial fingers 88 that extend axially through recesses in the support disc 86, allowing the actuating element 40 to be axially moved by an actuator. Lever elements 90 are arranged radially on the outside of the actuating element 40 to transmit a rotation of the actuating element 40 into a rotation of the guide component 26. During an axial movement 84 of the actuating element 40, which is axially displaceable on the coupling component 14, the actuating element 40 is rotated by the first leaf spring elements 44. This rotation of the actuating element 40 is converted into a rotation of the guide component 26 via the lever elements 90. The restoring force acting on the actuating element 40 is generated by the restoring spring assembly 56, which here consists exclusively of the first leaf spring elements 44. This allows the first leaf spring elements 44 to be constructed more robustly and with sufficient material thickness, particularly greater than 0.4 mm, if the restoring force is generated solely by the first leaf spring elements 44 and is not composed of the restoring force of the first leaf spring elements 44 and second leaf spring elements. The lever elements 90 are each arranged between the actuating element 40 and the transmission element 34 and are hooked onto the actuating element 40 and fastened to the transmission element 34, for example, by rivet elements 92. Fig. 7 shows a cross-section of a switchable freewheel in a further specific embodiment of the invention. The switchable freewheel 10 is identical to that of Fig. 6 except for the following differences. The first leaf spring elements 44 of the leaf spring device 42 are connected at a first circumferential position to the actuating element 40 and at a second circumferential position directly to the coupling component 14. An axial movement 84 of the actuating element 40 is converted by the leaf spring device 42, here the first leaf spring elements 44, into a rotation of the actuating element 40 and the rotation is transmitted by the lever elements 90 to the transmission element 34 and thus to the guide component 26. Reference symbol list 10 Switchable freewheel 12 Clamping area 14 Coupling component 16 Internal toothing 18 Radial section 20 Axial section 22 Inner circumference 24 Axis of rotation 26 Guide component 28 Window area 30 Clamping component 32 Return spring 34 Transmission element 36 Toothing 38 Axial section 40 Actuating element 42 Leaf spring device 44 First leaf spring elements 46 First circumferential position 48 Second circumferential position 50 Radial section 52 Second leaf spring elements 54 Third circumferential position 56 Return spring device 58 Radial groove 60 Outer circumference 62 First axial position 64 First switching position 66 Second axial position 68 Second switching position 70 Actuating force 72 Actuating force 74 Clutch assembly 76 Connection component 78 Actuator 80 Outer circumference 82 Solenoid coil 84 Axial movement 86 Support disc 88 axial finger 90 lever element 92 rivet element A1 first axial direction A2 second axial direction φ rotation position φ1 first rotation position φ2 second rotation position

Claims

having a switchable freewheel (10), an annular coupling component (14) having several clamping areas (12) which can be connected to a connecting component (76) in a torque-transmitting manner depending on a direction of rotation between the coupling component (14) and the connecting component (76), a guide component (26) rotatable about a rotational axis (24) for switching at least between a first switching position (64) and a second switching position (68), several clamping components (30) which can be guided at least circumferentially relative to the coupling component (14) by the guide component (26),The actuating element (40) is coupled to the guide component (26) for changing the switching position and is movable by an actuator (78), characterized in that the actuating element (40) is axially movable by the actuator (78) and is coupled to a leaf spring device (42) which converts the axial movement (84) of the actuating element (40) into the rotation of the guide component (26) for switching the switching position (64, 68). Switchable freewheel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the leaf spring device (42) has first leaf spring elements (44) and the first leaf spring elements (44) are coupled to the actuating element (40) at a first circumferential position (46) and to the guide component (26) at a second circumferential position (48) offset circumferentially to the first circumferential position (46). Switchable freewheel (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the leaf spring device (42) has second leaf spring elements (52) and the actuating element (40) is effectively arranged between the first and second leaf spring elements (44, 52) of the leaf spring device (42). Switchable freewheel (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the second leaf spring elements (52) are coupled at a third circumferential position (54) with the actuating element (40) and at a fourth circumferential position offset to the third circumferential position (54) with the coupling component (14). Switchable freewheel (10) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first leaf spring elements (44) are arranged radially outside of the clamping components (30). Switchable freewheel (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf spring device (42) forms a return spring device (56) and the actuating element (40) is axially movable against a return force of the return spring device (56). Switchable freewheel (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuating torque of the leaf spring device (42) can be supported via the actuating element (40) and / or the coupling component (14). Switchable freewheel (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an axial actuating force (70) of the leaf spring device (42) can be supported on the coupling component (14). Switchable freewheel (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support of the axial actuating force (70) is effectively arranged in front of the guide component (26) and thereby the guide component (26) is freed with respect to the axial actuating force (70). coupling assembly (74) comprising a connecting component (76), a switchable freewheel (10) according to one of the preceding claims and an actuator (78) for actuating the actuating element (40).

Images