Assembly pliers for mounting a component to a part

Abstract

Assembly pliers (1) for mounting a component (2) on a component (3), comprising: - a gripping device (4) comprising a first and a second grip lever (5, 5') for applying a muscle-assisted actuating force (B) to the assembly pliers (1); - a holding device (6) that can be moved between a release state releasing the component (3) and a holding state (7) holding the component (3) on the assembly pliers (1), in particular by force and / or form locking, wherein the assembly pliers (1) are configured such that the move to the holding state (7) is carried out by means of the actuating force (B); - a feed device (8) that is configured to perform a relative fastening movement (9) between the component (2) and the component (3) in order to fasten the component (2) to a fastening area (10) of the component (3).

Description

The invention relates to assembly pliers for mounting a component onto a part. Handheld tools in the form of pliers are known in principle from the prior art, being used to separate a part of the component being processed. For example, side cutters are used to cut off a part of a component. Wire strippers are also known, by means of which the insulation can be removed from an insulated electrical conductor. Furthermore, holding and mounting devices are known from the prior art that are used to attach a component to a part, however, the holding and mounting devices are not designed in a clamp-like manner. The invention is based on the objective of providing a holding and mounting device which enables a convenient and reliable way to mount a component to a part. The problem is solved by an assembly pliers for mounting a component onto a part according to claim 1. The dependent claims relate to possible embodiments of the assembly pliers. Furthermore, the problem is solved by an arrangement according to claim 11 and by a method according to claim 12. The invention relates to an assembly pliers for mounting a component to a part, comprising a handle assembly with a first and a second handle lever for applying a muscle-powered actuating force to the pliers. The at least two handle levers of the handle assembly are connected to each other via at least one bearing point, e.g., a rotary bearing, such that the handle levers are mounted so as to be movable relative to each other. For example, the assembly pliers can include handle levers similar to those of scissors, mounted via a single rotary bearing point. Alternatively, the at least two handle levers can be designed to be movable relative to each other via at least two, preferably at least three, joint areas or bearing points, with the interposition of a mechanism. In other words, it can be described as a hand-held tool operated by muscle power. For example, the assembly pliers are designed as locking pliers, meaning they can be locked in at least one specific position. For instance, the assembly pliers may have an adjusting screw that allows the opening width of the working ends to be set. This enables the assembly pliers to be clamped in a specific position on the component. Furthermore, the assembly pliers include a holding device that can be switched between a release state that releases the component and a holding state that holds the component to the assembly pliers, in particular by force-fit and / or positive locking. The assembly pliers are designed such that the switch to the holding state is effected by the actuating force. Optionally, the assembly pliers, and in particular the holding device, can include a toggle lever mechanism to enable a high clamping force and / or a defined clamping position of the working ends – i.e., the ends of the assembly pliers that come into contact with the component. For example, the toggle lever mechanism can be designed such that, at a defined setting of the opening width of the working ends of the assembly pliers, a "dead point" is overcome during the closing of the handle levers, beyond which the assembly pliers automatically clamp and establish a connection with the component.The clamping state can be released, for example, by actuating an additional handle, such as an additional lever. The additional handle can, for example, form part of the holding device. The assembly pliers also include a feed mechanism designed to perform a relative clamping movement between the component and the part, securing the component to a mounting area on the part. In simpler terms, the clamping mechanism "holds" the relative position of the assembly pliers and the part in a predefined manner, for example, within a defined range of motion / tolerance. In this held position, a predefined relative movement between the component and the part is initiated. The actuating force can, for example, be a gripping force or a pressing force used to grasp the part. For example, the transition to the holding state can be carried out at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force. In other words, the holding force prevailing during the holding state and acting on the component is provided by the actuating force applied to the assembly pliers. Thus, the actuating force applied to the assembly pliers by a person via the handle levers is transferred at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably completely, into the holding force or into the movement necessary to transition the assembly pliers from the release state to the holding state. A muscle-assisted actuation force here does not refer to pressing a button that uses energy from an electrically, pneumatically, and / or hydraulically driven actuator to move the holding device into the holding position. Rather, the muscle-assisted actuation force applied to the assembly clamp is used to move individual components of the holding device from the release state to the holding state and / or from the holding state to the release state. While the muscle-assisted actuation force can, in principle, "charge" an energy storage device to transfer at least a portion of the movement of individual components of the holding device from the release state to the holding state or from the holding state to the release state, this is not the primary purpose.However, the energy drawn from the energy storage device does not originate from an electrical, pneumatic, or hydraulic energy source, but rather from an actuating force or energy applied via muscle power and the handle. In principle, the assembly pliers 1 can be designed as one-handed pliers, meaning that the actuating movement as well as the feed or fastening movement of the assembly pliers can be performed by handling them with only one hand and applying muscle power only with that hand. It is possible that the feed device is configured to perform a feed movement as a fastening movement, by means of which the component is moved to a fastening area of ​​the component in such a way that the component exerts a compressive force on the component, at least in certain sections. For example, a compressive force is applied to the component via the component, whereby the component forms a bond with the component. The component may, for instance, be coated with an adhesive, whereby pressing the component onto the component creates a material bond between the component and the component. Through the fastening movement, the component can be attached to the component, for example, by forming a frictional connection. A frictional connection refers to the formation of a frictional connection, in which the component and the component are held together by static friction forces without the use of additional fasteners or adhesion-enhancing agents such as adhesives. This connection is based on the fact that the surfaces of the parts to be joined are pressed together in such a way that the resulting frictional force prevents any relative movement between the parts. In other words, a frictional, and in particular clamping, connection between the component and the component can be created by pressing the component together or by means of the compressive force acting on the component via the component. For example, the component can be attached in such a way that...The component is pressed into or onto the component in such a way that a clamping action occurs, which connects the component to the component in a force-fit manner. For example, the component can at least partially enter a receiving recess in the component and be clamped in contact with a wall section of the component that defines the receiving recess. It is possible that the fastening movement initiated by the feed device is carried out at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force. Thus, for example, the compressive force used to form the clamping connection can be provided by the actuating force of the assembly pliers, i.e., by the muscle force applied to the pliers by the hand of a person using them. In other words, the fastening movement and / or the feed force generated by the feed device and acting on the component can be applied to the pliers by the hand muscle force of a person using them. This allows for the provision of assembly pliers that can be used independently, i.e.,which does not need to be connected to an external energy source, in particular not to an electrical energy source and / or pneumatic energy source and / or hydraulic energy source. The feed mechanism can, for example, be configured to actively move the component towards the part that is held stationary on the assembly pliers by the holding device during the holding state. Thus, the assembly pliers comprise at least two functions: firstly, a holding function for the defined positioning of the component relative to the part is enabled by the assembly pliers, and secondly, an active forwarding or movement of the component towards the part (feed function) is performed or can be performed. Preferably, both functions (holding function and feed function) are performed exclusively by the hand muscle force of a person using the assembly pliers. The feed device can, for example, be configured to actively move the component held by the holding device on the assembly pliers to the component which is fixedly arranged on the assembly pliers at least during the connection process. In general, the assembly pliers can be used to (a) exclusively move the component towards a component held stationary on the assembly pliers, or (b) exclusively move the component towards a component held stationary on the assembly pliers, or (c) move the component and the component relative to the assembly pliers, in particular moving the component and the component towards each other. It is possible that, during the application of the actuating force to the assembly pliers, the handle levers perform an actuating movement that approximates each other. The assembly pliers are configured such that, in the first actuating movement, a holding movement of the holding device is performed to bring it into the holding position, and in the second actuating movement, the fastening movement is performed. Such assembly pliers can also be referred to as 2-way assembly pliers. The second actuating movement occurs, for example, after the first actuating movement. In other words, the handle levers are brought close together during the application of the actuating force.whose free handle ends approach each other, whereby in a first actuation movement section the free handle ends are further apart than during the second actuation movement section. Optionally, in the first actuation phase of the actuation movement, only the holding movement of the holding device is performed, and / or in the second actuation phase, only the fastening movement is performed by the feed device. This allows, for example, the actuating force applied to the assembly pliers to be used exclusively for performing the holding movement or for bringing it into the holding position in the first phase of the movement, and for performing the actuation movement in the second phase. In an optional embodiment, the feed device can, for example, include an electrically and / or pneumatically and / or hydraulically driven actuator configured to perform the fastening movement between the component and the part. For example, the holding device can be locked in its holding position, and in this locked position, the feed device can perform an actuator-assisted fastening movement. Thus, the fastening movement can be initiated or driven at least partially, predominantly, or exclusively by an actuator. It is possible that the fastening movement on the feed device side can be performed, for example, at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force applied to the gripping device by muscle power. This allows for the provision of an assembly pliers that can be operated without an external energy source, with the exception of the muscle power of the person using the assembly pliers. The assembly tool can be configured, for example, to attach a component designed as a hose and / or sleeve or pipe and / or electrical conductor and / or conduit body to the component. A conduit body can be designed to transport a medium from one end of the conduit body to another. For example, the conduit body is designed as a hose or pipe, e.g., as a straight or bent tube. The conduit body can, for example, be designed as an air duct. In the final assembly state of the component designed as a hose and / or pipe, a medium (e.g., gas or liquid) can be guided through the component to the component. In particular, the attachment of the component to the component can form a medium-tight, i.e., gas- and / or liquid-tight, connection.The component preferably has a minimum stiffness selected such that it can transmit a compressive force applied by the fastening movement from the component to the component and / or that the compressive force applied to the component during the actuation movement can be used to form a clamping connection between the component and the component. Optionally, the component can be a nail or a rivet that is fastened to the component. In addition to the assembly pliers for mounting a component to a part, the invention also relates to an arrangement comprising a component and a part, and assembly pliers described therein. For example, the component has a hose and / or sleeve section, and / or the part forms an air spring unit for a motor vehicle. For example, the component can be designed as an air line. In particular, the part can be at least partially elastic, so that by holding the component in the holding position via its holding device, the assembly pliers prevent any displacement of the elastic part during the fastening process. In other words, even with an elastic section of the part, a pressing, in particular clamping or plugging, connection between the component and the part can be achieved, since counter-forces or...A counterforce, which is required to press the component into place, is supported or absorbed by the clamping pliers holding the component. This support or absorption of the counterforce acting when pressing the component into place can be achieved by holding the component with the clamping pliers during the fastening movement. Thus, even with a component that is partially elastic, the clamping pliers enable the component to be pressed into place or secured with a pressure-force-supported fastening. Furthermore, the invention comprises a method for mounting a component onto a part using mounting pliers. For example, mounting pliers as described herein are used. The method includes, for example, a process step in which a handle of the mounting pliers is actuated to generate an actuating force, wherein the mounting pliers have a first and a second handle lever for applying an actuating force to the mounting pliers by means of muscle power. Furthermore, a holding device on the mounting pliers is moved into a holding state that holds the part, wherein the movement into the holding state is carried out by means of the actuating force. While the part is in the holding state, i.e.,While held by the assembly pliers, a fastening movement is performed by a feed device of the assembly pliers, securing the component and the part together. All advantages, details, designs and / or features of the assembly pliers according to the invention are transferable or applicable to the arrangement and method according to the invention and vice versa. The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments in the drawings. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an assembly pliers according to one exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a component to which a component is to be attached by means of assembly pliers according to a further exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of an assembly pliers 1 for mounting a component 2 to a component 3. These assembly pliers 1 comprise a handle 4, which includes a first and a second handle lever 5, 5', for applying a muscle-powered actuating force B to the assembly pliers 1. For example, an actuating force B is applied to the assembly pliers 1 by hand-assisted squeezing or pressing together the two handle levers 5, 5'. The assembly pliers 1 have a holding device 6 that can be switched between a release state (not shown) that releases the component 3 and a holding state 7 (see Figure 1) that holds the component 3 to the assembly pliers 1, in particular by force-fit and / or positive locking. The assembly pliers 1 are designed such that the switch to the holding state 7 is carried out, or can be carried out, by means of the actuating force B. Furthermore, the assembly pliers 1 include a feed device 8 configured to perform a relative clamping movement 9 between the component 2 and the part 3 in order to attach the component 2 to a clamping area 10 of the part 3. By means of the clamping movement 9, a force-fit, material-fit, and / or form-fit connection is created between the component 2 and the part 3. For example, the clamping movement 9 can be used to press and / or snap into place, particularly under the influence and / or formation of clamping forces. Alternatively or additionally, pressing the component 2 against the part 3 can be used to create a clamping effect, particularly in connection with the formation of an adhesive bond. The feed device 8 can, for example, be configured to perform a feed movement 11 as a fastening movement 9, by means of which the component 2 is moved to a fastening area 10 of the component 3 such that the component 2 exerts a compressive force D on the component 3, at least section by section. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the component 2 is designed as a sleeve-like body or as a hose that can be fastened to, i.e., in or on, a receiving section (fastening area 10) of the component 3, which is designed, in particular, with a receiving recess (not shown). For example, the component 2, designed as a sleeve-like body or as a hose, can be received into a receiving recess on the component, in particular by insertion or clamping. By means of the fastening movement 9, the component 2 can, for example, be fastened to the component 3 by forming a force-fit connection. The fastening movement 9 on the feed device side can, for example, be carried out at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force B. Thus, the feed device 8 can be actuated by pressing the handle levers 5, 5' together. The feed device 8 can, for example, be configured to actively move the component 2 towards the component 3, which is held stationary on the assembly clamp 1 by the holding device 6 during the holding state 7. Alternatively, the feed device 8 can be configured to actively move the component 3, which is held stationary on the assembly clamp 1 by the holding device 6 during the holding state 7, towards the component 2. During the application of the actuating force B, the handle levers 5, 5' can, for example, perform an actuating movement 12 approaching each other, wherein the assembly pliers 1 are configured such that in a first actuating movement section 13 of the actuating movement 12, a holding movement of the holding device 6 is performed to bring the holding device 6 into the holding state 7, and in a second actuating movement section 14, the fastening movement 9 is performed. Preferably, starting from an initial position in which the assembly pliers are in the release state, the handle levers 5, 5' first complete the first actuating movement section 13 and then the second actuating movement section 14. During the opening of the assembly pliers 1, i.e., starting from a closed assembly pliers 1, the second actuating movement section 14 is completed first, followed by the first actuating movement section 13.Preferably, the assembly pliers 1 have a pre-tensioning device (not shown) configured to pre-tension the handle levers 5, 5' in their open position or to pre-tension the handle levers 5, 5' in their separated position. Optionally, the assembly pliers can be equipped with a locking mechanism (not shown) by means of which the assembly pliers can be locked in their holding position, so that the holding position is maintained even when the actuating force B is no longer applied to the handle levers 5, 5'. For example, the locking mechanism can be designed such that it includes a toggle lever mechanism (not shown) to enable a high clamping force and / or a defined clamping position of the working ends 15, 15' of the assembly pliers 1 – i.e., the ends of the assembly pliers 1 that come into contact with the component – ​​and / or a holding position 7 of the assembly pliers 1.The locking mechanism can be released, for example, by actuating an additional handle (not shown), such as an additional lever (not shown). The additional handle can, for example, form part of the holding device 6. The working ends 15, 15' form the interface of the assembly pliers 1 for engagement with the component 3. For example, the working ends 15, 15' are free end regions of lever-like arms of the area of ​​the assembly pliers 1 assigned to a working area of ​​the assembly pliers 1. Preferably, at least one working end 15, 15', and more preferably all working ends 15, 15', of the assembly pliers 1 can have a shape that corresponds to a shape of the area of ​​the component 3 provided for engagement with the assembly pliers 1. For example, the component 3 has a protrusion that, during the holding state 7, can be received or accommodated in a corresponding recess of at least one working end 15, 15', and preferably in corresponding recesses of both working ends 15, 15'. Figure 2 shows that the area of ​​component 3 intended for contact with the assembly pliers 1 is designed as a disc-shaped body, wherein the assembly pliers 1 have a contact body 16, 16' at at least one working end 15, 15', preferably at both working ends 15, 15'. The at least one contact body 16, 16' can be detachably, and in particular detachably without tools, attached or attachable to the at least one working end 15, 15'. The at least one contact body 16, 16' has a shape that is adapted to, and in particular corresponds with, the counterpart shape of the area of ​​component 3 intended for contact with the assembly pliers 1. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the contact body 16, 16' is shaped in a way that is oriented ...Figure 2 shows the counterpart of the area of ​​component 3, which is intended for contact with the assembly pliers 1, designed as a, in particular, disc-like projection which, in the holding state 7 of the assembly pliers 1, is received in at least one recess of the at least one contact body 16, 16'. In Figure 2, only the working ends 15, 15' of the assembly pliers 1 and the contact bodies 16, 16' arranged on them are shown in the holding state 7 of the assembly pliers 1. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, component 3 is a valve element (e.g., an air valve), preferably a valve element of an air bellows of a motor vehicle, e.g., a suspension damper. The component 2 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 forms an air-conducting channel, in particular a rigid air duct body, which can be plugged into component 3, e.g., the valve, by means of the assembly pliers 1 to form an airtight connection. The feed device 8 can, for example, comprise an electrically and / or pneumatically and / or hydraulically driven actuator (not shown) configured to perform the fastening movement 9 between component 2 and component 3. Preferably, the assembly clamp 1 has a switch or a sensor that controls the actuator depending on the relative orientation of the handle levers 5, 5' to each other and / or depending on an actuating force applied to the assembly clamp 1. This control of the actuator can include a change in its operating state. Thus, depending on the relative orientation of the handle levers 5, 5' and / or depending on the actuating force applied to the assembly clamp 1, activation and / or deactivation and / or a change in the power output of the actuator can occur. The fastening movement 9 on the feed device side can, for example, be carried out at least partially, preferably predominantly, and particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force B applied to the gripping device 4 by muscle power. It is possible that the assembly pliers 1, which are configured to fasten a component 2 designed as a hose and / or sleeve and / or electrical conductor, to the component 3. The invention also includes an arrangement comprising a component 2, a part 3, and an assembly pliers 1 described herein. For example, the component 2 has a hose and / or sleeve section. Alternatively or additionally, the part 3 can form an air spring unit for a motor vehicle. The air spring unit can, for example, have an elastic component, so that the part 3 is not suitable for providing a sufficiently defined and / or reproducible counterforce for an actuating force B applied to the fastening area 10 of the part 3, which is sufficient for process reliability. By means of the holding device 6 of the assembly pliers 1 according to the invention, a part of the part 3 is gripped or held by the assembly pliers 1, so that a counterforce for a fastening movement 9 is generated by the contact of the assembly pliers 1 with the holding section of the part 3.for an actuating force B to be provided by the component 2 acting on the component 3. In other words, by holding the component 3 on the assembly pliers side during pressing or during the pressure-force-supported contact of the component 2 with the component 3, a degree of resistance or counterforce necessary for the fastening process is generated. The invention also includes a method for mounting a component 2 onto a component 3 using a mounting pliers 1. For example, the mounting pliers 1 described herein are used in the method. The method provides that a handle 4 of the mounting pliers 1 is actuated to generate an actuating force B, wherein the mounting pliers 1 have a first and a second handle lever 5, 5' for applying an actuating force B, which is applied to the mounting pliers by muscle power, by bringing the two handle levers 5, 5' together. Furthermore, a holding device 6 on the mounting pliers is moved into a holding state 7 that holds the component 3, wherein the movement into the holding state 7 is carried out by means of the actuating force B. During the holding state 7, a fastening movement 9, which secures the component 2 and the component 3 to each other, is carried out by a feed device 8 of the mounting pliers 1. As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 2, the component 2 can have a projection 17 at its end region facing component 3, e.g., a spherical projection 17. The projection 17 can, for example, serve as an end stop for the plug connection and / or as an engagement structure for the feed mechanism of the assembly pliers 1 to apply a defined feed to the component 2. The projection 17 of the component 2 can, for example, be designed as a flange or as a sphere. Reference symbol list 1 Assembly pliers 2 Component 3 Part 4 Grip device 5 First grip lever of 4 5' Second grip lever of 4 6 Holding device 7 Holding state 8 Feed device 9 Fastening movement 10 Fastening area of ​​3 11 Feed movement 12 Actuating movement of 5, 5' 13 First actuating movement section 14 Second actuating movement section 15 First working end of 1 15' Second working end of 1 16 First contact body 16' Second contact body 17 Highlighting of 2 B Actuating force D Pressure force

Claims

Assembly pliers (1) for mounting a component (2) on a component (3), comprising: - a gripping device (4) comprising a first and a second grip lever (5, 5') for applying a muscle-assisted actuating force (B) to the assembly pliers (1); - a holding device (6) that can be moved between a release state releasing the component (3) and a holding state (7) holding the component (3) on the assembly pliers (1), in particular by force and / or form locking, wherein the assembly pliers (1) are configured such that the move to the holding state (7) is carried out by means of the actuating force (B); - a feed device (8) that is configured to perform a relative fastening movement (9) between the component (2) and the component (3) in order to fasten the component (2) to a fastening area (10) of the component (3). Assembly pliers (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed device (8) is configured to perform a feed movement (11) as a fastening movement (9), by means of which the component (2) is moved to a fastening area (10) of the component (3) in such a way that the component (2) applies a pressure force (D) to the component (3) at least section by section. Assembly pliers (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the component (2) can be attached to the component (3) by means of the fastening movement (9) forming a force-fit connection. Assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening movement (9) on the feed device side is carried out at least partially, preferably predominantly, particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force (B). Assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device (8) is configured to actively move the component (2) to the component (3) which is held stationary on the assembly pliers (1) by the holding device (6) during the holding state (7). Assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device (8) is configured to actively move the component (3) held in a fixed position on the assembly pliers (1) by the holding device (6) during the holding state (7) to the component (2). Assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the application of the actuating force (B) the handle levers (5, 5') perform an actuating movement (12) approaching each other, wherein the assembly pliers (1) are arranged such that in a first actuating movement section (13, 14) of the actuating movement (12) a holding movement of the holding device (6) is performed to bring the holding device (6) into the holding state (7) and in a second actuating movement section (13, 14) the fastening movement (9) is performed. Assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device (8) comprises an electrically and / or pneumatically and / or hydraulically driven actuator which is configured to perform the fastening movement (9) between component (2) and component (3). Assembly pliers (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastening movement (9) on the feed device side can be carried out at least partially, preferably predominantly, particularly preferably exclusively, by the actuating force (B) applied to the handle device (4) by muscle power. Assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the assembly pliers (1) are designed to attach a component (2) designed as a hose and / or pipe and / or electrical conductor to the component (3). Arrangement comprising a component (2), a part (3) and an assembly pliers (1) according to one of the preceding claims, preferably the component (2) has a hose and / or a sleeve section and / or the part (3) forms an air spring unit for a motor vehicle. Method for mounting a component (2) on a component (3) using an assembly pliers (1), in particular an assembly pliers (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the method steps: - actuating a handle (4) of the assembly pliers (1) to generate an actuating force (B), wherein the assembly pliers (1) have a first and a second handle lever (5, 5') for applying an actuating force (B) to the assembly pliers by means of muscle power; - moving a holding device (6) on the assembly pliers side into a holding state (7) that holds the component (3), wherein the moving into the holding state (7) is carried out by means of the actuating force (B); - performing a fastening movement (9) that fastens the component (2) and the component (3) together by means of a feed device (8) of the assembly pliers (1).

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