Heating device

Abstract

Heating device comprising a translucent film heater (30) configured for use with an optical window (42) arranged adjacent to a sensor unit (41) for detecting light and having a detection surface (43) with light transmission properties, and comprising a heating section (35) that heats the optical window, and a heat generation section (38, E2, E3) configured for generating heat in a predetermined area, wherein the translucent film heater comprises a first electrode (31) arranged radially outside a center line (CL) of the detection surface in the heating section, and a second electrode (32) arranged in the heating section such that the detection surface is enclosed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a first heat generation area (E1).the heat is generated according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, which is generated by current flowing from the first electrode to the second electrode via the heating section, wherein the heat generation section (38, E2, E3) generates heat in the predetermined area to obtain a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer area located radially outside the center line of the detection surface with respect to the heat generation area is higher than the temperature of the first heat generation area, the heat generation section (38, E2, E3) generates heat in the heating section (35) located radially outside the center line of the detection surface (43) with respect to the first heat generation area (E1), and the heating section (35) has a sectionwhich is located radially outside the center line of the detection surface (43) with respect to the first heat generation area (E1), whose temperature becomes higher than that of the first heat generation area (E1) due to heat generated by the heat generation section (38, E2, E3).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED REGISTRATIONS

[0001] This application is based on Japanese patent application no. 2018-200942, filed on October 25, 2018, Japanese patent application no. 2019-3823, filed on January 11, 2019, and Japanese patent application no. 2019-147841, filed on August 9, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL AREA

[0002] The present disclosure relates to an optical device. BACKGROUND

[0003] Conventionally, a device exists that includes a light transmission sensor array mounted on a vehicle window glass and a flat, superheatable film placed on the light transmission sensor array (see, for example, patent document 1). This device heats the light transmission sensor array with the superheatable film to prevent dew condensation on the light transmission sensor array. STATE OF THE ART DOCUMENT PATENT DOCUMENT

[0004] Patent Document 1: JP 2012-530646 A SUMMARY

[0005] According to the inventor's studies, the planar superheatable film described in patent document 1 utilizes heat from three directions, i.e., from both planar surfaces and the side surface of the superheatable film, once the window glass has cooled. Heat is drawn uniformly from both planar surfaces of the superheatable film across its entire surface; however, at the side surface, heat is drawn from a peripheral edge of the superheatable film. Therefore, when the temperature drops, condensation, for example, occurs at the peripheral edge of the superheatable film. One objective of the present disclosure is to enable further suppression of condensation.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical device includes a sensor unit that detects light passing through a detection surface with light-transmitting properties. The optical device further includes a transparent film heater arranged adjacent to an optical window with a detection surface and comprising a heating section for heating the optical window. The transparent film heater has a temperature distribution such that the temperature of an outer region located radially around a center line of the detection surface within the heating section is higher than the temperature of a region located on a central side of the detection surface, extending from the outer region of the heating section.

[0007] According to such a configuration, the translucent film heater exhibits a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer region located radially around a centerline of the detection surface within the heating section is higher than the temperature of a region located on a central side of the detection surface, extending from the outer region of the heating section. Therefore, fogging at the peripheral edge of the heating section can be suppressed, and further suppression of fogging can be achieved.

[0008] According to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical device comprises a translucent film heater with a heating section arranged adjacent to an optical window with light-transmitting properties, which heats the optical window, and a heat-generating section that generates heat in a predetermined area. The translucent film heater further comprises a first electrode arranged radially around the centerline of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window in the heating section, and a second electrode arranged such that, together with the first electrode, the predetermined area of ​​the optical window is inserted into the heating section from both sides.The heating section has a first generating area that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the heat generation section generates heat in an outer area that is radially outside the centerline of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window with respect to the first heat generation area.

[0009] According to this configuration, the heating section has a first heat-generating area that produces heat according to the potential difference between the first and second electrodes. This heat-generating area is located radially outside the centerline of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window with respect to the first heat-generating area. Therefore, the occurrence of condensation at the peripheral edge of the heating section can be suppressed, and further suppression of condensation can be achieved.

[0010] A reference sign in parentheses added to the respective component or similar indicates an example of a correspondence between the component or similar and a specific component or similar as described in exemplary embodiments below.

[0011] A reference sign in parentheses added to a particular component or similar indicates an example of a correspondence between the component or similar and a specific component or similar as described in exemplary embodiments below. List of characters Fig. Figure 1 shows a representation of a configuration of an optical device according to a first embodiment, Fig. Figure 2 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to the first embodiment, Fig. Figure 3 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a second embodiment, Fig. Figure 4 shows a representation of a heat generation area of ​​the optical device according to the second embodiment. Fig. Figure 5 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a third embodiment, Fig. Figure 6 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a fourth embodiment. Fig. Figure 7 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a fifth embodiment, Fig. Figure 8 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a sixth embodiment, Fig. Figure 9 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a seventh embodiment. Fig. Figure 10 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to an eighth embodiment. Fig. Figure 11 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a ninth embodiment, and Fig. Figure 12 shows a representation of a configuration of a translucent film heater of the optical device according to a tenth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the drawings. In the following exemplary embodiments, identical or equivalent elements in the figures are designated by the same reference numerals. (First embodiment)

[0013] With reference to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 An optical device according to the first embodiment is described. As in Fig. The optical device shown in Figure 1 contains 1 a camera 40 , a translucent film heater 30 and a control unit 50 The optical device 1 In the present embodiment, an image is captured with the camera. 40 .

[0014] The camera 40 contains an optical window 42 and a sensor unit 41 The planar optical window 42 is equipped with a data capture interface 43 provided with a light transmission property. A center line CL of the detection surface. 43 is perpendicular to the planar optical window 42 .

[0015] The sensor unit 41 detects light passing through the detection surface 43 It ran. The sensor unit 41It consists of an image sensor, such as a CCD (charge-coupling device) or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor). The camera 40 This is transmitted through the sensor unit 41 captured image to the control unit 50 .

[0016] The translucent film heater 30 a first electrode 31 , a second electrode 32 , a heating section 35 and a radiant heater 38 up. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are made of conductive metal. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 They each have a linear shape. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are on a surface of the heating section 35 formed by printing or the like. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32are arranged in such a way that they cover the detection surface 43 Avoid. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged in such a way that they cover the detection surface 43 from a radial outer side with a center point on the center line CL of the detection surface 43 have between them. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are each connected to the control unit 50 tied together.

[0017] The heating section 35 is adjacent to an opposite surface with respect to one of the sensor units 41 of the optical window 42 arranged on the opposite surface. That is to say, the heating section 35 is adjacent to the optical window 42 with the data capture interface 43 arranged and heated the optical window 42 .

[0018] The heating section35 It can, for example, be formed from a transparent conductive film. By placing the transparent conductive film over the first electrode... 31 and the second electrode 32 When an electric current is applied, the transparent conductive film generates heat. The thickness of the heating section 35 is uniform. The heating section 35 Furthermore, it is homogeneously formed.

[0019] The radiant heating 38 is located in an outer area on the radial outer side of the detection surface 43 arranged. The radiant heating 38 is along a peripheral edge of the heating section 35 trained. The radiant heating system 38 It has a linear shape. The radiant heater 38 It generates heat due to Joule heating, which is produced when an electric current passes through the radiant heater. 38 flows.

[0020] With translucent film heating30 is the radiant heating 38 along the peripheral edge of the heating section 35 formed, and the translucent film heating 30 exhibits a temperature distribution in which the temperature of the outer area is on the radial outer side of the detection surface. 43 in the heating section 35 is higher than the temperature of the area on the middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area in the heating section 35 .

[0021] The optical device 1 The present embodiment further includes a sensor unit 41 , which detects light passing through the detection surface 43 with the light transmission property. The optical device 1 It also includes the translucent film heater. 30 , adjacent to the optical window 42 with the data capture interface 43is arranged and the heating section 35 , which is the optical window 42 heated, and the radiant heating 38 as a heat generation section to generate heat in the predetermined area.

[0022] The translucent film heater 30 Furthermore, it has a first electrode 31 , which are radially outside the centerline of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35 is arranged, and a second electrode 32 on, which is arranged in such a way that it is connected together with the first electrode 31 in the heating section 35 the data capture interface 43 from both sides in between. The heating section 35 It also features a first heat generation area E1 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is generated. The radiant heating system 38The heat generation section generates heat in the outer area, which is separated from the first heat generation area. E1 radially outside the center line CL of the detection surface 43 is located.

[0023] The control unit 50 is configured as a computer equipped with a CPU, memory, input / output device, and the like, and the CPU executes various processes according to a program stored in memory.

[0024] For example, if based on the camera 40 The entered image is determined to be displayed on the capture surface. 43 If a cloudiness has occurred, it is considered processing by the control unit. 50 a predetermined voltage applied to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 the translucent film heater 30 installed, and the power supply to the radiant heating system 38 will start.

[0025] If through the control unit 50 the predetermined voltage between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 the translucent film heater 30 When the heating section is applied, it generates 35 Heat. If the control unit 50 with the power supply to the radiant heating system 38 The radiant heating system begins to generate 38 Heat. The radiant heating system. 38 It heats the outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface. 43 .

[0026] The radiant heating 38 is along the peripheral edge of the heating section 35 formed, and the translucent film heating 30 exhibits a temperature distribution in which the temperature of the outer area is on the radial outer side of the detection surface. 43 in the heating section 35is higher than the temperature of the area on the middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area in the heating section 35 Consequently, condensation is generated from the peripheral edge of the heating section. 35 suppressed.

[0027] As described above, the optical device of the present embodiment includes a sensor unit. 41 , which detects light passing through the detection surface 43 with the light transmission property. Furthermore, the optical device contains the translucent film heater. 30 , adjacent to the optical window 42 is arranged with the detection surface and the heating section 35 for heating the optical window. The translucent film heater 30exhibits a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer area, extending radially around a center line CL of the detection surface on an outer side 43 in the heating section 35 is located, is higher than the temperature of an area located on a middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area of ​​the heating section 35 is located.

[0028] According to this configuration, the translucent film heater 30 a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer area, which extends radially around a center line CL of the detection surface on an outer side 43 in the heating section 35 is located, is higher than the temperature of an area located on a middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area of ​​the heating section 35Therefore, condensation can occur from the peripheral edge of the heating section. 35 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of fogging can be further suppressed.

[0029] The translucent film heater 30 It also includes the radiant heating system. 38 , which have an outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the centerline of the detection surface 43 heated.

[0030] As described above, the translucent film heating 30 the radiant heating 38 including the outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line CL of the detection surface 43 heated.

[0031] The optical device 1 The present embodiment also includes the translucent film heater. 30 with the heating section 35 , adjacent to the optical window42 is arranged with a light transmission property and the optical window 42 heated, and the radiant heating 38 , which generates heat in a predetermined area as a heating section.

[0032] The translucent film heater 30 Furthermore, it has a first electrode 31 on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window 42 in the heating section 35 is arranged. The translucent film heater 30 It also features a second electrode. 32 up, so that together with the first electrode 31 a predetermined area of ​​the optical window 42 from both sides in the heating section 35 in between. The heating section 35 further indicates the first heat generation area E1 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode31 and the second electrode 32 is generated. The radiant heating system 38 generates heat in an outer area that extends radially outside the centerline of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window. 42 with regard to a first heat generation area E1 is located. A center line of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window. 42 corresponds to the center line CL of the acquisition surface 43 agree.

[0033] According to this configuration, the heating section 35 a first heat generation area E1 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is generated. The radiant heating system 38 As a heat generation section, it generates heat in the outer area that extends radially outside the center line CL of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window. 42from the first heat generation area E1 is located, so that the generation of condensation from the peripheral edge of the heating section 35 is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed. (Second example)

[0034] The optical device 1 According to the second embodiment, with reference to the Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 described. The optical device 1 The present embodiment contains a first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 and a heating section 35 .

[0035] The first electrode 31 is on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line CL of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35 arranged. The second electrode 32 is in the heating section 35 arranged so that the capture surface43 from both sides together with the first electrode 31 in between.

[0036] The third electrode 33 is in the heating section 35 on the radial side of the detection surface 43 from the side of the first electrode 31 arranged. The fourth electrode 34 is in the heating section 35 on the radial side of the detection surface 43 from the side of the second electrode 32 arranged. The first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 They each have a linear shape. Furthermore, the first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 parallel to each other.

[0037] Furthermore, a distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 the same as a distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34Furthermore, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 each smaller than the distance between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 .

[0038] In the present embodiment, a potential of the first electrode is 31 controlled to 0 volts, a potential of the second electrode 32 controlled at 12 volts, a potential of the third electrode 33 controlled at 12 volts, and a potential of the fourth electrode 34 Controlled to 0 volts.

[0039] As in Fig. As shown in section 4, the heating section 35 a first heat generation area E1 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32is generated. The heating section 35 It also features a second heat generation area E2 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 generated. The heating section 35 It also features a third heat generation area E3 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 generated. The heat generation temperature of the second heat generation area. E2 and the third heat generation area E3 is higher than the heat generation temperature of the first heat generation area E1 .

[0040] As described above, the translucent film heater 30 a temperature distribution in which a temperature of the outer area on the radial outer side of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35is higher than the temperature of the area on the middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area in the heating section 35 Therefore, the occurrence of condensation from the peripheral edge of the heating section can be suppressed, and the occurrence of condensation can be further suppressed.

[0041] The translucent film heater of the present embodiment has a first electrode 31 on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35 is arranged. The second electrode 32 is in the heating section 35 arranged such that together with the first electrode 31 the data capture interface 43 from both sides in between. The third electrode 33 is in the heating section 35 on the radial side of the detection surface 43from the side of the first electrode 31 arranged. Furthermore, a fourth electrode is 34 radially outside the detection surface 43 from the side of the second electrode 32 in the heating section 35 arranged.

[0042] The heating section 35 has a first heat generation area E1 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is generated. The heating section 35 It also features a second heat generation area E2 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 generated. The heating section 35 It also features a third heat generation area E3 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34The heat generation section generates heat in the second heat generation area. E2 and the third heat generation area E3 as an outer area.

[0043] Since the heat generation section, according to such a configuration, stores heat in the second heat generation area E2 and the third heat generation area E3 As an outer area, the generation of condensation is created from the peripheral edge of the heating section. 35 suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

[0044] In the present embodiment, the same advantages as those obtained from the configuration common to the first embodiment can be obtained in the same way as in the first embodiment. (Third embodiment)

[0045] The optical device 1According to the third embodiment, with reference to Fig. 5 described. In the optical device 1 In the second embodiment, the first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 arranged in the same plane. In the optical device 1 In the present embodiment, the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 on the other hand, at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section 35 arranged, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are located at different positions in the thickness direction within the heating section 35 arranged.

[0046] The heating section 35 It is formed in the form of a thin plate extending along an XY plane defined by an X-axis and a Y-axis. The heating section 35has a thickness in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the XY plane.

[0047] On a surface of the heating section 35 is a protective layer 36 arranged, and on the opposite surface of the heating section 35 is a protective layer 37 arranged.

[0048] The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are on the surface of the heating section 35 on the side of the protective layer 37 arranged, and the third electrode 33 and the fourth electrode 34 are on the surface of the heating section 35 on the side of the protective layer 36 arranged.

[0049] That means the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are in the same position in the heating section in the thickness direction 35 arranged. Furthermore, the first electrode 31and the third electrode 33 in the thickness direction at various positions in the heating section 35 arranged, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are located at different positions in the heating section in the thickness direction 35 arranged.

[0050] A heat generation area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 generated, and a heat generation area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 generated, exhibit a higher heat generation temperature than the heat generation area, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode. 31 and the second electrode 32 generated.

[0051] As described above, the translucent film heater 30a temperature distribution in which the temperature of the outer area is on the radial outer side of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35 is higher than the temperature of the area on the middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area in the heating section 35 Therefore, the occurrence of condensation from the peripheral edge of the heating section can be suppressed, and the occurrence of condensation can be further suppressed.

[0052] The translucent film heater of the present embodiment further comprises the third electrode. 33 on the radial side of the detection surface 43 from the side of the first electrode 31 in the heating section 35 is arranged. Furthermore, a fourth electrode is 34 radially outside the detection surface 43 from the side of the second electrode 32 in the heating section35 arranged.

[0053] The heating section 35 It also features a first heat generation area E1 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is generated. The heating section 35 It also features a second heat generation area E2 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 is generated. The heating section 35 It also features a third heat generation area E3 on, in which heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 is generated.

[0054] The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are also in the same position in the heating section in the thickness direction 35 arranged. The first electrode31 and the third electrode 33 are also located at various positions in the heating section in the thickness direction. 35 arranged, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are located at different positions in the heating section in the thickness direction 35 arranged. The heat generation section generates heat in the second heat generation area. E2 and the third heat generation area E3 as an outer area.

[0055] Since, in such a configuration, the heat generation section generates heat in the second heat generation area E2 and the third heat generation area E3 As an outer area, the generation of condensation is created from the peripheral edge of the heating section. 35 suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

[0056] In the present embodiment, the same advantages as those obtained from the configuration common to the first embodiment can be obtained in the same way as in the first embodiment.

[0057] With translucent film heating 30 In the present embodiment, the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 in the thickness direction at various positions in the heating section 35 arranged, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are located at different positions in the heating section in the thickness direction 35 arranged. That is, the first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 are each arranged three-dimensionally. Therefore, the space of the heating section can be... 35 Savings can be achieved. (Fourth example)

[0058] The optical device1 According to the fourth embodiment, with reference to Fig. 6 described. The optical device 1 The present embodiment contains a first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 , as well as a translucent film heater 30 with a heating section 35 , which extends in the XY plane.

[0059] The first electrode 31 is on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line CL of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35 arranged. The second electrode 32 is in the heating section 35 arranged so that they are connected together with the first electrode 31 the data capture interface 43 has a middle ground between both sides.

[0060] Furthermore, the third electrode 33 in the heating section 35 on the radial side of the detection surface 43from the side of the first electrode 31 arranged. The fourth electrode 34 is in the heating section 35 on the radial side of the detection surface 43 from the side of the second electrode 32 arranged. The first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 They each have an L-shape.

[0061] A distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 is the same as a distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 Furthermore, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 each smaller than the distance between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 .

[0062] In the present embodiment, a potential of the first electrode is 31 controlled to 0 volts, a potential of the second electrode 32 controlled at 12 volts, a potential of the third electrode 33 controlled at 12 volts, and a potential of the fourth electrode 34 Controlled to 0 volts.

[0063] The heating section 35 has a first heating element 351 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 generated. The heating section 35 It also features a second heating element 352 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 generated. The heating section 35 It also features a third heating element. 353 on, the heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode34 generated. The second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 They each have an L-shape. Due to the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 Furthermore, a U-shaped heating section is formed. The second heating section 352 and the third heating element 353 are arranged in such a way that they form the first heating element 351 surrounded. In Fig. 6 are the second heating part 352 and the third heating element 353 Shown hatched.

[0064] Furthermore, the first heating element 351 and the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 made from the same material.

[0065] According to such a configuration, the translucent film heater 30a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer area, which extends on an outer side in a radial direction around a center line CL of the detection surface 43 in the heating section 35 is located, is higher than the temperature of an area located on a middle side of the detection surface 43 from the outer area of ​​the heating section 35 Therefore, condensation can occur from the peripheral edge of the heating section. 35 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of fogging can be further suppressed.

[0066] Furthermore, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 each smaller than the distance between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32Therefore, the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 The amount of heat generated is too great, which can cause a defect or similar problem.

[0067] Therefore, with this optical device 1 a resistance value of the second heating element 352 , which passes through the first electrode 32 and the third electrode 33 is determined, and a resistance value of the third heating element. 353 , which is through the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 is set to be smaller than a resistance value of the first heating element. 351 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is determined.

[0068] In particular, the length in the thickness direction of the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 shorter than the length in the thickness direction of the first heating element 351Consequently, the resistance values ​​of the second heating element are 352 and the third heating element 353 smaller than the resistance values ​​of the first heating element 351 , so that the heat value of the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 is being suppressed.

[0069] In the present embodiment, the same advantages as those obtained from the configuration common to the first embodiment can be obtained in the same way as in the first embodiment. (Fifth example)

[0070] The optical device 1 According to the fifth embodiment, with reference to Fig. 7 described. In the fourth embodiment, a resistance value of the second heating element is specified. 352 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33is determined, and a resistance value of the third heating element. 353 , which is through the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 is determined to be greater than a resistance value of the first heating element. 351 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is determined. In particular, the length in the thickness direction of the second heating element is determined. 352 and the third heating element 353 longer than the length in the thickness direction of the first heating element 351 .

[0071] This optical device 1 On the other hand, they are a resistance value of the second heating element. 352 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 is determined, and a resistance value of the third heating element. 353 , which is through the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34is determined to be greater than a resistance value of the third heating element. 351 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is determined. In particular, the second heating element is 352 and the third heating element 353 with cutouts 3521 and 3531 to extend the current path length of the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 formed by flowing current.

[0072] In Fig. 7 are the first electrode 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 , the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 shown hatched. Furthermore, the first heating element 351 and the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 Made from the same material.

[0073] The optical device 1 In the present embodiment, a film-shaped first heating element forms351 and a second heating element 352 and a third heating element 353 , which are made from the same material. A recess is then created using laser processing. 3521 in the second heating section 352 created, and a recess 3531 is in the third heating section 353 created. The recess 3521 and the recess 3531 They are each formed in such a way that they extend in the X-axis direction.

[0074] The resistance value of the second heating element 352 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 The recess determines the shape of the opening. 3521 larger, and the resistance value of the third heating element 353 , which is through the second electrode 33 and the fourth electrode 34 The recess determines the shape of the opening. 3531 larger.

[0075] Therefore, the resistance value of the second heating element 352 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 is determined, and the resistance value of the third heating element. 353 , which is through the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 is set to be greater than the resistance value of the first heating element. 351 , which passes through the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is determined. The heat output of the second heating element. 352 and the third heating element 353 is being suppressed.

[0076] In the present embodiment, the recesses 3521 and the recess 3531 created in such a way that they extend in the X-axis direction, however the recess can 3521 and the recess 3531 are created in such a way that they are broken in a complicated manner, like a corridor structure. (Sixth embodiment example)

[0077] The optical device 1 According to the sixth embodiment, with reference to Fig. 8 described. In the optical device 1 In the present embodiment, a high-resistance heat generation component is used. 323 with a high resistance in part of the second electrode 32 generated. That is, the second electrode 32 features a low-resistance section 321 with a low resistance and the high resistance heat generation part 323 up. The low-resistance section 321 and the high-resistance heat generation section 323 They each have a linear shape and are made of the same material. A conductor width of the high-resistance heat generation section. 323 is smaller than the conductor width of the low-resistance section 321, and a cross-section of the current path of the high-resistance heat generation section 323 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the current path of the low-resistance section 321 Consequently, the resistance value of the high-resistance heat-generating part is 323 greater than the resistance value of the low-resistance part 321 .

[0078] The high-resistance heat generation section 323 is located in an outer area that extends radially outside the center line CL of the detection surface 43 from the first heat generation area E1 It is located and heats the outer area. That is, the high-resistance heat generation unit. 323 , which forms part of the second electrode 32 It functions as a heater.

[0079] The control unit 50 applies a predetermined voltage between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32the translucent film heater 30 on. If the control unit 50 Forming transparent conductive film over the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 When energized, the heating section generates 35 Heat. At this point, electricity flows through the high-resistance heat generation section. 323 , and also the high-resistance heat generation section 323 generates heat. The low-resistance section 321 It does not generate heat. If the control unit 50 with the power supply to the radiant heating system 38 The radiant heating system also starts to generate heat radiation. 38 Warmth.

[0080] As described above, part of the second electrode works 32In the optical device of the present embodiment, the heating element acts as a heater. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the size compared to the case where the heater is configured using an additional component.

[0081] In the present embodiment, part of the second electrode 32 Configured to work as a heater, however, part of the first electrode may 31 It can be configured to operate as a heater. Furthermore, at least part of the first electrode can be used. 31 and the second electrode 32 can be configured to work as a heater. (Seventh embodiment)

[0082] The optical device 1 According to the seventh embodiment, with reference to Fig. 9 described. The optical device 1 The present embodiment differs from the optical device. 1of the sixth embodiment in that the radiant heating 38 with the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is connected. Another difference is that the high-resistance heat generation section is connected. 323 , which acts as a heater in the second electrode 32 works, in a part around the optical window 42 is arranged with light transmission properties.

[0083] The radiant heating 38 is between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 switched. That means the first electrode 31 is with one end of the radiant heating 38 connected, and the second electrode 32 is connected to the other end of the radiant heater 38 tied together.

[0084] According to this configuration, the connection section can be used to supply voltage to the first electrode. 31and the radiant heating 38 to be divided, and the connecting section for supplying voltage to the second electrode. 32 and the radiant heating 38 can be divided so that the optical device can be miniaturized.

[0085] Furthermore, the radiant heating 38 as a heat generation section arranged in such a way that it forms the periphery of the detection surface 43 apart from a part around the optical window 42 surrounds with light transmission properties. In the second electrode 32 is also a section of the high-resistance heat generation unit. 323 , which works as a heater, in a section around the optical window 42 arranged with light transmission properties.

[0086] According to this configuration, the high-resistance heat generation section produces 323 , which acts as a heater, in the second electrode 32Heat in a section where the radiant heating 38 the optical window 42 with light transmission properties, so that the generation of condensation from the peripheral edge of the heating section 35 can be further suppressed. (Eighth example)

[0087] The optical device 1 According to the eighth embodiment, with reference to Fig. 10 described. The optical device 1 of the present embodiment, with regard to the configuration of the optical device 1 of the first embodiment a larger area in which the radiant heating 38 the data capture interface 43 surrounds.

[0088] The radiant heating 38 The present embodiment is arranged in such a way that it covers almost the entire circumference of the detection surface. 43 surrounds. In Fig. 10 is at a section X where the radiant heating is located. 38 and the second electrode 32 cross, an insulating layer (not shown) between the radiant heating 38 and the second electrode 32 arranged, and the radiant heating 38 and the second electrode 32 are insulated by the insulating layer.

[0089] In this way, the radiant heating can 38 to surround almost the entire perimeter of the capture surface 43 be configured. (Ninth example)

[0090] The optical device 1 According to the ninth embodiment, with reference to Fig. 11 described. The optical device 1 The present embodiment differs from the optical device. 1 of the first embodiment in that the conduit width of the radiant heating system38 varies depending on the location.

[0091] The radiant heating 38 exhibits a first line width portion 381 with a first electrode width and a second conductor width part 382 with a second electrode width that is larger than the first electrode width. The first conductor width portion 381 and the second section of the line width 382 are made from the same material.

[0092] Since the second part of the line width 382 a greater heat capacity than the first part of the conductor width 381 exhibits, the temperature is increased by the second part of the conductor width. 382 higher than the temperature around the first part of the conductor width 381 That is, the second part of the line width 382 It functions as a heater. By forming the second conduit width section. 382 in the low-temperature range of the heating section 35and arranging the first section of the conductor width 381 in the high-temperature area of ​​the heating section 35 Is it therefore possible to determine the temperature difference of the heating section? 35 to suppress. (Tenth example)

[0093] The optical device 1 According to the tenth embodiment, with reference to Fig. 12 described. The optical device 1 The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment with regard to the optical device in that the radiant heat heater 38 with the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is connected, and the configuration of the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 It is different.

[0094] The radiant heating 38 is between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32switched. That means the first electrode 31 is with one end of the radiant heating 38 connected, and the second electrode 32 is connected to the other end of the radiant heater 38 tied together.

[0095] According to this configuration, the connection section can be used to supply voltage to the first electrode. 31 and the radiant heating 38 to be divided, and the connecting section for supplying voltage to the second electrode. 32 and the radiant heating 38 can be divided so that the optical device can be miniaturized.

[0096] Furthermore, the first electrode shows 31 a low-resistance section 311 , which is produced using a low-resistance material, and a high-resistance part 312on, which is produced using a high-resistance material that has a higher resistance than the low-resistance material.

[0097] The second electrode 32 It also features a low-resistance section. 321 , which is produced using a low-resistance material, and a high-resistance part 322 on, which is produced using a high-resistance material that has a higher resistance than the low-resistance material.

[0098] The high-resistance section 312 , which uses the material of the first electrode 31 , which has high resistance, is generated, works as a heater, and the high-resistance part 312 , which uses the material of the second electrode 32 The material that has high resistance acts as a heater.

[0099] As described above, the first electrode can be used 31 and the second electrode 32 It can be configured using materials with different resistance values, and the section configured using the material with a high resistance value can function as a heater. (Further examples) (1) In each of the foregoing embodiments, the example shown is the one in which the translucent film heater 30 the detection surface of the optical window 42 the camera 40 heated. On the other hand, the vehicle's windshield can, for example, serve as an optical window. 42 to be considered, and a predetermined area of ​​the optical window 42 can be through the heating section 35 the translucent film heater 30 be heated. (2) In the present embodiment, the optical device1 described, which is described with the camera 40 is equipped with a device that captures an image of the vehicle's surroundings. The optical device 1 It can also be used, for example, as an optical device 1 , which is equipped with a LIDAR (Laser Image Detection And Ranging) distance sensor, or as an optical device 1 , which is equipped with a security camera, or configured similarly. (3) In each of the foregoing embodiments, the heating section 35 adjacent to the surface, opposite to the surface that houses the sensor unit 41 of the optical window 42 opposite, however, the heating section 35 be positioned adjacent to the surface that houses the sensor unit 41 of the optical window 42 opposite. (4) In each of the foregoing embodiments, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 equal to the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 However, the distance between the first electrode can 31 and the third electrode 33 from the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 be different. (5) In the first embodiment, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 the linear form, and in the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the first electrode has 31 up to the fourth electrode 34 the linear form. On the other hand, the first electrode can 31 and the second electrode 32 in the first embodiment and the first electrode 31up to the fourth electrode 34 In the second and third embodiments, they have a shape different from a linear one. (6) In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the first heating element 351 , the second heating element 352 and the third heating element 353 made from the same material, however the second heating element can 352 and the third heating element 353 be made of a material different from that of the first heating element 351 It is different. (7) If, in the first embodiment, the control unit 50 based on the camera 40 The entered image determines that the capture surface 43 Once the electrode has become cloudy, a predetermined voltage is applied between the first electrode. 31 and the second electrode 32 the translucent film heater 30 installed, and the power supply to the radiant heating system 38will start.

[0100] On the other hand, the control unit detects 50 the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, amount of radiation) on both sides or one side of the detection surface 43 and the temperature of the object to be heated, and the control unit 50 can determine the conditions under which the capture surface 43 The cloudiness is calculated based on the recorded ambient conditions and temperature. Then, if the condition is met that the recording surface... 43 If the electrode becomes cloudy, a predetermined voltage can be applied between the first electrode. 31 and the second electrode 32 the translucent film heater 30 can be installed, and the power supply to the radiant heating system can be activated. 38 to be started.

[0101] The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above and may be suitably modified. The embodiments described above are not independent of one another and may be suitably combined, unless the combination is obviously impossible. The component(s) of each of the embodiments described above is / are not necessarily essential unless the embodiment described above specifically states that the component(s) is / are essential, or unless the component(s) is / are obviously essential in principle.If the number of component(s), value, quantity, range and / or the like is specified, it further applies to each of the foregoing embodiments that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to the number of component(s), value, quantity and / or the like specified in the embodiment, unless the number of component(s), value, quantity and / or the like is stated as necessary, or is obviously necessary in view of the principle of the present disclosure.Furthermore, a material, shape, positional relationship, or the like, when specified in the embodiments described above, is not necessarily limited to the specified material, shape, positional relationship, or the like, unless it is specifically stated that the material, shape, positional relationship, or the like is necessarily the specific material, shape, positional relationship, or the like, or unless it is obvious that the material, shape, positional relationship, or the like must, in principle, be the specific material, shape, positional relationship, or the like. (Overview)

[0102] According to the first embodiment, which is shown in some or all of the preceding embodiments, the optical device of the present embodiment includes a sensor unit that detects light passing through a detection surface with light-transmitting properties. Furthermore, the optical device includes the translucent film heater, which is arranged adjacent to the optical window with the detection surface and has a heating section for heating the optical window. The translucent film heater has a temperature distribution such that the temperature of an outer region located on an outer side of the detection surface in a radial direction around a center line of the detection surface within the heating section is higher than the temperature of a region located on a middle side of the detection surface from the outer region of the heating section.

[0103] According to the second embodiment, the translucent film heater has a first electrode arranged on the outer side in the radial direction around the centerline of the detection surface within the heating section. Furthermore, the translucent film heater includes a second electrode arranged so that it wedges the detection surface from both sides within the heating section together with the first electrode, and a third electrode arranged on the radial side of the detection surface within the heating section, opposite the side of the first electrode. Furthermore, the fourth electrode 34 radially outside the detection surface 43 from the side of the second electrode 32 located in the heating section.

[0104] The heating section comprises a first heat generation zone, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the first and second electrodes; a second heat generation zone, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the first and third electrodes; and a third heat generation zone, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the second and fourth electrodes. The heat generation temperature of the second and third heat generation zones is higher than the heat generation temperature of the first heat generation zone.

[0105] Therefore, the occurrence of condensation from the peripheral edge of the heating section can be suppressed, and the occurrence of condensation can be further suppressed.

[0106] According to the third embodiment, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at the same position in the thickness direction within the heating section. Furthermore, the first electrode and the third electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction within the heating section, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction within the heating section.

[0107] A heat generation area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, and a heat generation area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, have a higher heat generation temperature than the heat generation area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0108] This means that the first to fourth electrodes are each arranged three-dimensionally. Therefore, space can be saved in the heating section.

[0109] According to the fourth embodiment, the translucent film heater includes the radiant heat heater, which heats an outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface.

[0110] As described above, the translucent film heater can include the radiant heat heater, which heats the outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface.

[0111] According to the fifth embodiment, the translucent film heater has a first electrode which is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface in the heating section.

[0112] Furthermore, the translucent film heater includes a second electrode, which is arranged to grip the detection surface from both sides together with the first electrode in the heating section, and a third electrode, which is arranged on the radial side of the detection surface, opposite the side of the first electrode in the heating section. The fourth electrode 34 is also radially outside the detection surface 43 from the side of the second electrode 32 located in the heating section.

[0113] The heating section further includes a first heating part that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second heating part that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode.

[0114] The heating section further comprises a third heating element that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second and fourth electrodes. Therefore, the resistance of the second heating element, determined by the first and third electrodes, and the resistance of the third heating element, determined by the second and fourth electrodes, are greater than the resistance of the first heating element, determined by the first and second electrodes.

[0115] As a result, the resistance values ​​of the second heating element and the third heating element become smaller than the resistance values ​​of the first heating element, so that the heat output of the second heating element and the third heating element is kept low.

[0116] According to the sixth embodiment, the second heating part and the third heating part are made of the same material as the first heating part, and the lengths in the thickness direction of the second heating part and the third heating part are shorter than the length in the thickness direction of the first heating part.

[0117] As a result, the resistance values ​​of the second heating element and the third heating element become smaller than the resistance values ​​of the first heating element, so that the heat output of the second heating element and the third heating element is kept low.

[0118] According to the seventh embodiment, the second and third heating elements are made of the same material as the first heating element. The second and / or third heating element has / have a recess to lengthen the current path through it.

[0119] Therefore, the resistance value of the second heating element, determined by the first electrode and the third electrode, and the resistance value of the third heating element, determined by the second electrode and the fourth electrode, are greater than the resistance value of the first heating element, determined by the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the heat output of the second heating element and the third heating element can be kept low.

[0120] According to the eighth embodiment, the second heating element and the third heating element are made of a material different from that of the first heating element. In this way, the second heating element and the third heating element can be made of a material different from that of the first heating element.

[0121] According to the ninth embodiment, the optical device comprises a translucent film heater with a heating section arranged adjacent to an optical window with light-transmitting properties, which heats the optical window, and a heat-generating section that generates heat in a predetermined area. Furthermore, the translucent film heater has a first electrode arranged on its outer side in the radial direction around the centerline of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window within the heating section. The translucent film heater also has a second electrode, such that it has a predetermined area of ​​the optical window between it and the first electrode on both sides within the heating section.The heating section further comprises a first heat generation area in which heat is generated according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode. The heat generation section then produces heat in an outer region located radially outside the centerline of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window.

[0122] According to the tenth embodiment, the translucent film heater includes a radiant heater that heats an outer area radially outside the center of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window, and the heat generation section is formed by a radiant heater. In this way, the heat generation section can be formed from the radiant heater.

[0123] According to the eleventh embodiment, the translucent film heater has a third electrode arranged radially outside the centerline of a predetermined region of the optical window, relative to the side of the first electrode in the heating section. The translucent film heater also has a fourth electrode arranged radially outside the centerline of a predetermined region of the optical window, relative to the side of the second electrode in the heating section. The heating section further comprises a first heat-generating region and a second heat-generating region, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the first and third electrodes. The heating section further comprises a third heat-generating region, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the second and fourth electrodes.The heat generation section then generates heat in the second heat generation area and the third heat generation area as the outer area. In this way, heat can be generated with the second heat generation area and the third heat generation area as the outer areas.

[0124] According to the twelfth embodiment, the translucent film heater has a third electrode arranged radially outside the centerline of a predetermined region of the optical window, relative to the side of the first electrode in the heating section. The translucent film heater also has a fourth electrode arranged radially outside the centerline of a predetermined region of the optical window, relative to the side of the second electrode in the heating section. The heating section further comprises a first heat-generating region and a second heat-generating region, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the first and third electrodes. The heating section further comprises a third heat-generating region, which generates heat according to the potential difference between the second and fourth electrodes.The first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in the same position in the heating section in the thickness direction, and the first electrode and the third electrode are arranged in different positions in the heating section in the thickness direction, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged in different positions in the heating section in the thickness direction.

[0125] This means that the first to fourth electrodes are each arranged three-dimensionally. Therefore, space can be saved in the heating section.

[0126] According to the thirteenth embodiment, the first electrode is connected to one end of the radiant heater, and the second electrode is connected to the other end of the radiant heater.

[0127] According to this configuration, the connection section for supplying voltage to the first electrode and the radiant heater can be divided, and the connection section for supplying voltage to the second electrode and the radiant heater can be divided, so that the optical device can be miniaturized.

[0128] According to the fourteenth embodiment, at least part of the first electrode and the second electrode function as a heater. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size compared to the case where the heater is configured using an additional element.

[0129] According to the fifteenth embodiment, the first electrode and / or the second electrode have a linear shape, and the first electrode or the second electrode has a first electrode width and a second electrode width that is smaller than the first electrode width. Then the section in the first electrode and / or the second electrode that provides the second electrode width functions as a heater.

[0130] Since the electrode width is reduced as described above, and the section where the electrode width is reduced acts as a heater, the heater can be configured with a simple configuration, and low costs can be achieved.

[0131] According to the sixteenth embodiment, the first electrode and / or the second electrode is / are formed using a section made of a low-resistance material and a high-resistance material that has a higher resistance than the low-resistance material. In the first electrode and / or the second electrode, a section made of the high-resistance material acts as a heater.

[0132] Since the electrode material has a high resistance to acting as a heater, the heater can be built in this way with a simple configuration, and low costs can be achieved.

[0133] According to the seventeenth embodiment, the heat generation section is arranged such that it surrounds the periphery of the detection surface except for a part around the predetermined area of ​​the optical window, and a section of the first electrode and / or the second electrode, which acts as a heater, is arranged in a part around a predetermined area of ​​the optical window.

[0134] According to this configuration, the first electrode and / or the second electrode has / have a heat generation section located in a section where the radiant heating element does not surround the sensing surface, so that the fogging generated by the peripheral edge of the heating section can be better suppressed. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2018200942

[0001] JP 20193823

[0001] JP 2019147841

[0001] JP 2012530646 A

[0004]

Claims

[1] Optical device with a sensor unit (41) configured to detect light passing through a detection surface (43) with light transmission properties, and a translucent film heater (30) arranged adjacent to an optical window (42) having the detection surface, and having a heating section (35) configured to heat the optical window, wherein The translucent film heater has a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer area located on an outer side in a radial direction around a center line of the detection surface in the heating section is higher than the temperature of an area located on a middle side of the detection surface from the outer area in the heating section. [2] Optical device according to claim 1, wherein which features a translucent film heater a first electrode (31) which is arranged radially outside around the center line of the detection surface in the heating section, a second electrode (32) which is arranged such that it has the detection surface on both sides together with the first electrode in the heating section in between, a third electrode (33) which is arranged radially outside the detection surface from the side of the first electrode in the heating section, and a fourth electrode (34) which is arranged radially outside the detection surface from the side of the second electrode in the heating section, the heating section contains a first heat generation area (E1) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, a second heat generation area (E2) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, and a third heat generation area (E3) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and The heat generation temperature of the second heat generation area and the third heat generation area is higher than the heat generation temperature of the first heat generation area. [3] Optical device according to claim 2, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in the same position in one thickness direction in the heating section, the first electrode and the third electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section. [4] Optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the translucent film heater has a heat radiant heater (38) which is arranged to heat an outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface. [5] Optical device according to claim 1, wherein which features a translucent film heater a first electrode (31) which is arranged radially outside the center line of the detection surface in the heating section, a second electrode (32) which is arranged such that it has the detection surface on both sides together with the first electrode in the heating section in between, a third electrode (33) which is arranged radially outside the detection surface from the side of the first electrode in the heating section, and a fourth electrode (34) which is arranged radially outside the detection surface from the side of the second electrode in the heating section, the heating section contains a first heating element (351) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, a second heating element (352) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, and a third heating element (353) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, a resistance value of the second heating part, determined by the first electrode and the third electrode, and a resistance value of the third heating part, determined by the second electrode and the fourth electrode, are greater than a resistance value of the first heating part, determined by the first electrode and the second electrode. [6] Optical device according to claim 5, wherein the second heating element and the third heating element are made of the same material as the first heating element, and a length in the thickness direction of the second heating part and the third heating part is shorter than a length in the thickness direction of the first heating part. [7] Optical device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the second heating part and the third heating part are formed from the same material as the first heating part, and the second heating part and / or the third heating part is / are formed with a recess (3521, 3531) for extending a current path length of the current flowing through the second heating part and / or the third heating part. [8] Optical device according to claim 5, wherein the second heating part and the third heating part are made of a material different from that of the first heating part. [9] Optical device with a translucent film heater (30) which is arranged adjacent to an optical window (42) with light transmission properties and has a heating section (35) which is designed to heat the optical window, and a heat generation section (38, E2, E3) which is set up to generate heat in a predetermined area, wherein the translucent film heater includes a first electrode (31) arranged radially outside around a center line (CL) of a predetermined region of the optical window in the heating section, and a second electrode (32) arranged such that it has a predetermined region of the optical window between it and the first electrode in the heating section from both sides. the heating section has a first heat generation area (E1) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and The heat generation section generates heat in an outer area located on the outer side in the radial direction around the centerline of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window. [10] Optical device according to claim 9, wherein the heat generation section is formed from a heat radiant heater. [11] Optical device according to claim 9, wherein which features a translucent film heater a third electrode (33) arranged radially outside the centerline of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window from the side of the first electrode in the heating section, and a fourth electrode (34) arranged radially outside the center line of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window from the side of the second electrode in the heating section, the heating section contains a first heat generation area (E1), a second heat generation area (E2) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, and a third heat generation area (E3) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and The heat generation section generates heat in the second heat generation area (E2) and the third heat generation area (E3) as the outer area. [12] Optical device according to claim 9, wherein which features a translucent film heater a third electrode (33) arranged radially outside the centerline of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window from the side of the first electrode in the heating section, and a fourth electrode (34) arranged radially outside the center line of a predetermined area of ​​the optical window from the side of the second electrode in the heating section, the heating section contains a first heat generation area (E1), a second heat generation area (E2) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, and a third heat generation area (E3) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in the same position in the thickness direction in the heating section, the first electrode and the third electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section. [13] Optical device according to claim 10, wherein the radiant heating system has a linear shape, the first electrode is connected to one end of the radiant heating element, and the second electrode is connected to the other end of the radiant heater. [14] Optical device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein at least part of the first electrode and the second electrode acts as a heater. [15] Optical device according to claim 14, wherein the first electrode and / or the second electrode has / have a linear shape and has / have a first electrode width and a second electrode width which is shorter than the first electrode width, and the section in the first electrode and / or the second electrode acts as a heater which maintains the second electrode width. [16] Optical device according to claim 14, wherein the first electrode and / or the second electrode has / have a section formed using a low-resistance material and a section formed using a high-resistance material which has a higher resistance than the low-resistance material, and in the first electrode and / or the second electrode a section formed from the high-resistance material acts as a heater. [17] Optical device according to claim 14, wherein the heat generation section is arranged such that it surrounds the periphery of the predetermined area of ​​the optical window except for a part around the predetermined area of ​​the optical window, and in the first electrode and / or the second electrode a section which acts as the heater is arranged in a part around a predetermined area of ​​the optical window.