machine tool

Abstract

A machine tool (1) comprising: a tool main spindle device (2) configured to perform the machining of a first system in a first workpiece main spindle device (3) configured to hold a workpiece (W) rotating, and the machining of a second system in a second workpiece main spindle device (4) configured to hold the workpiece (W) rotating, by means of an interchangeable main spindle head tool (T), wherein the drive control of each device is performed by a control device (50), characterized by the fact that: the control device (50) has a tool management processing section that is configured to calculate a total usage time of the main spindle head tool (Tn) based on the machining of the first system or the machining of the second system performed in the tool main spindle device (2), to store the calculated total usage time as first tool management data or second tool management data and to write the same total usage time back to the other of the second tool management data or the first tool management data.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool for correctly determining the service life of an identical tool used in the machining of different systems. State of the art

[0002] In a machine tool with an automatic tool changer, the exchange of tools located in a tool magazine is performed automatically according to a machining program. Each of several tools to be used is assigned a tool number, and tool information such as an offset value (e.g., tool length and diameter) and tool life are managed. The following patent reference 1 discloses a configuration in which a tool supply unit containing multiple tools transfers tools to two machine tools. The control section of each machine tool reads a preparation command for a tool to be used in the next step before completion of the machining operation and records information about the tool in the next step, which is sent by an information management unit.When the tool is changed, a time interval calculated by subtracting the tool usage time from the tool life read by the machine tool's control section is updated as new tool life information. Then, information about the tool to be returned to the tool supply unit is sent to the information management unit, and the tool information in the tool information storage area is updated.

[0003] Patent literature 2, patent literature 3 and patent literature 4 disclose further machine tools according to the prior art. Patent literature Patent literature 1: JP H05 285 802 A Patent literature 2: JP H05 192 848 A Patent literature 3: JP 2001 105265 A Patent literature 4: DE 10 2015 122 040 A1 Summary of the invention: Technical problem

[0004] According to the prior art described above, a tool in a common tool supply device is used for machining a first system in a first machine tool and for machining the second system in a second machine tool, and the tool life calculation is performed in each of them. However, since the tool life determination cannot be performed individually, according to conventional prior art, the correct determination of each tool's tool life is achieved through the collective management of information such as tool life by a common information management device.As described above, while it is necessary to perform correct tool life management for the same tool performing machining in different systems, it is also desirable to perform correct tool life determination without, for example, providing the information management device as described in the prior art above.

[0005] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool for the correct determination of the tool life for machining different systems in order to solve the problems mentioned above. Solution to the problem

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a machine tool is provided which includes a tool main spindle device configured to perform the machining of a first system in a first workpiece main spindle device for rotatably holding a workpiece and the machining of a second system in a second workpiece main spindle device for rotatably holding the workpiece by means of an interchangeable main spindle head tool, wherein the drive control of each device is carried out by a control device, the control device having a tool management machining part configured to calculate a total operating time of the main spindle head tool based on the machining of the first system or the machining of the second system performed in the tool main spindle device.to save the calculated total usage time as first tool management data or second tool management data and to write the same total usage time back into the other second tool management data and the first tool management data. Advantageous effect of the invention

[0007] With the above configuration, when the machining of the first system or the machining of the second system is performed by the tool main spindle device, the total usage time of the main spindle head tool calculated for each system is stored as one of the first tool management data or the second tool management data, but the total usage time from one of the first tool management data and the second tool management data is also rewritten to the other of the second tool management data or the first tool management data, so that a correct tool life determination can also be made for the main spindle head tool that is used when machining a different system. Brief description of the characters Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the main structure of a multifunctional machining center, which is an embodiment of a machine tool. Fig. Figure 2 is a side view showing a tool main spindle device. Fig. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the multifunctional machining center with an automatic tool changing device and an automatic workpiece transport device. Fig. Figure 4 is a diagram that conceptually illustrates a control system of the multifunctional processing machine. Fig. Figure 5 conceptually illustrates the processing of an ATC tool management program. Description of the embodiments

[0008] An embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention is described below with reference to the figures. Fig. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the main structure of a multifunctional machining center, which is an embodiment of a machine tool. The multifunctional machining center 1 of the present embodiment is a machine tool with various machining devices to fulfill the functions of both an NC lathe and a machining center. In particular, the multifunctional machining center 1 is a counter-rotating biaxial lathe in which the first workpiece main spindle device 3 and the second workpiece main spindle device 4 for gripping the workpiece W, as well as the first turret device 5 and the second turret device 6 with multiple tools T, are arranged symmetrically to each other with respect to a left-right direction, and additionally, the tool main spindle device 2 is arranged in the center of a machine body.

[0009] The first and second workpiece main spindle fixtures 3 and 4 have the same structure, and a spindle is rotatably mounted in a main spindle stand 12, on which a clamping mechanism 11 is mounted for gripping and releasing the workpiece W to be machined. The clamping mechanism 11 is rotated by the drive of a spindle motor 13, so that the workpiece W clamped by the clamping mechanism 11 is subjected to phase determination during machining or rotation at a predetermined speed. The main spindle stand 12 and the spindle motor 13 are mounted on a main spindle slide 14.The main spindle slide 14 is displaceable along a guide rail 15 which is attached to the front inclined surface 701 of a bed 7 and is configured to move in the direction of the Z-axis, which is a width direction of the machine body, by means of a ball screw mechanism of a spindle shaft 17 which is rotated by a Z-axis servo motor.

[0010] The first turret 5 and the second turret 6 have the same design and are configured such that several tools T (turret tools) are mounted at equal intervals around a turret head 21, allowing each tool T to be positioned at a machining position on the circumference by rotary control of an indexing servo motor 22. The first and second turrets 5 and 6 are equipped with a drive mechanism configured to move the turret 21 in two directions orthogonal to the Z-axis. A base slide 23, which has an essentially triangular shape, can slide upwards at an inclined angle of 45 degrees with respect to the bed 7, and a turret slide 24, on which the turret 21 is mounted, is mounted so that it can slide downwards at an inclined angle of 45 degrees with respect to the base slide 23.The base slide 23 and the turret slide 24 are configured by a ball screw mechanism of a screw shaft, which is rotated by each servo motor, to be moved in the respective direction.

[0011] Fig. Figure 2 is a side view showing the main spindle tool assembly 2. The main spindle tool assembly 2 is a built-in device in which a servo motor for a main spindle and a tool spindle are integrated into a main spindle head 26, allowing for the exchange of various tools T (main spindle head tools) using tool mounting sections located at a lower end section of the main spindle tool assembly 2. The main spindle head 26 is rotatably mounted on a main spindle slide 27 and configured to transmit the rotation of a B-axis motor 28 via a rotary transmission mechanism. A guide rail 31 is mounted along a horizontal Y-axis in a front-to-back direction on the machine body of the main spindle tool assembly 2, and a base slide 32 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 31.In the base slide 32, a rail section 33 is mounted along a vertical X-axis in an up-down direction on a front surface of a machine body, and a main spindle slide 34 is slidably attached to the rail section 33. Both the base slide 32 and the main spindle slide 34 are equipped with a ball screw mechanism, so that the main spindle head 26 is movable in any axial direction by the drive of the Y-axis servo motor 35 or the X-axis servo motor 36.

[0012] In the multifunctional machine tool 1, the machining of workpiece W is divided into a first system on the left and a second system on the right side of the drawing, so that the tool-main spindle device 2, located in the middle, can handle the machining of both systems. The machining of the first system consists of machining in the first turret 5 and machining in the tool-main spindle device 2 with respect to the workpiece W gripped by the first workpiece-main spindle device 3. The machining of the second system consists of machining in the second turret 6 and machining in the tool-main spindle device 2 with respect to the workpiece W gripped by the second workpiece-main spindle device 4.

[0013] Fig. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the multifunctional machine tool 1, which is equipped with an automatic tool changing device 8 and an automatic workpiece transport device 9. In the portal-type automatic workpiece transport device 9, a slide movable in the front and rear directions of the machine body is mounted on a traversing table movable in the width direction of the machine body on a frame structure body 41, and a lifting and lowering arm with a clamping mechanism is mounted on a distal end section thereof and is movable in the upward-downward direction.In the multifunctional machining machine 1, the workpiece W is transported by the automatic workpiece transport device 9, from an input storage to the first workpiece main spindle device 3 and further to the second workpiece main spindle device 4 and placed in an output storage after completion of the machining.

[0014] The automatic tool changing device 8 serves to exchange tools T in the main spindle tooling device 2, and several tools T corresponding to the machining of the first and second systems are housed in a tool magazine 43. In the automatic tool changing device 8, the tool magazine 43 is arranged above a tool changing device main body 45, is erected by two support columns, and is supported by a frame structure body (not shown) coupled to the bed 7. A tool changer for performing the tool change with respect to the main spindle head 26 is arranged in the tool changing device main body 45, and a transfer device for moving the tool T between the tool changer and the tool magazine 43 is further configured.The tool changer pivots a tool change arm with chucks at both end sections to exchange the tool T held by the shifting device and the main spindle head 26.

[0015] The multifunctional machining machine 1 automatically performs the transport of the workpiece W, the machining and the tool change. Fig. Figure 4 is a diagram that conceptually illustrates a control system for the multifunctional machine tool 1. In a control device 50 for controlling the multifunctional machine tool 1, a microprocessor (CPU) 51, ROM 52, RAM 53, non-volatile memory 54, an I / O unit 55, and the like are connected via a bus line 58. The CPU 51 controls the entire control section, the ROM 52 stores system programs, control parameters, and the like executed by the CPU 51, and the RAM 53 temporarily stores calculation data and the like.

[0016] The non-volatile memory 54 contains information required for processing by the CPU 51 and stores information such as a machining program for the multifunctional machining center 1. The control device 50 is equipped with a programmable logic controller (PLC) 56, which is connected to the I / O unit 55, and controls drive sections of various machining devices, such as the main tool spindle device 2 of the multifunctional machining center 1, by means of a sequence program generated in a ladder format. Each function command of the machining program is converted by the sequence program into a required signal and output by the I / O unit 55 to the main tool spindle device 2 or the like.

[0017] The multifunctional machining center 1 performs workpiece machining according to the machining program stored in the control unit 50. First, the workpiece W is transported from the input storage area by the automatic workpiece transport device to the first main spindle device 3 and gripped by the clamping mechanism 11. In the first turret device 5, the tool T, which is pivotable by the drive of the turret 21, is moved and positioned in a machining position relative to the workpiece W. In the first main spindle device 3, the workpiece W is rotated by the drive of the spindle motor 13, the workpiece W is moved in the direction of the Z-axis by the drive of the Z-axis servo motor, and a predetermined machining operation is performed on the workpiece W, with which the tool T is brought into contact.

[0018] The machining of the first system with respect to the workpiece W of the first workpiece main spindle device 3 is performed not only by the first turret device 5, but also by the additional tool main spindle device 2, or solely by the tool main spindle device 2. When the workpiece W is machined by the tool main spindle device 2, the base slide 32 moves in the direction of the Y-axis and the main spindle slide 27 moves in the direction of the X-axis, so that the tool T of the main spindle head 26 is moved into the machining position of the first workpiece main spindle device 3 with respect to the workpiece W. Subsequently, the vertically downward-oriented tool T in the main spindle head 26 is tilted by the rotation of the B-axis motor 28, so that a predetermined machining operation, such as drilling the workpiece W, is carried out.

[0019] After the machining of the first system is completed, in order to transfer the workpiece W from the first workpiece main spindle unit 3 to the second workpiece main spindle unit 4, both units approach the center of the machine body, so that the workpiece W is re-clamped by the clamping devices 11. In the second system of the second workpiece main spindle unit 4, the workpiece W is machined by the second turret unit 6 in a manner similar to the machining of the first system, and the machining by the tool main spindle unit 2 is also carried out depending on the machining content. At this point, in the tool main spindle unit 2, the tool T of the main spindle head 26 is pivoted by the drive of the B-axis motor 28, so that the workpiece W of the second workpiece main spindle unit 4 is machined.

[0020] Furthermore, a tool management program is stored in control unit 50. The total operating time of tool T (turret tool), which is mounted on the first and second turrets 5 and 6, is calculated from the period during which the workpiece W is actually machined, and a notification is sent to the operator, such as a prompt to replace tool T on the monitor by comparing it to a preset tool life. In the first and second turrets 5 and 6, the machining operations of the first system and those of the second system are clearly distinguished, and the service life of tool T (turret tool), which is mounted on turret 21, is determined.However, since the tool T (main spindle head tool) attached to the main spindle device 2 is used for machining both the first system and the second system, a correct determination of tool life cannot be achieved by calculating the usage time for each machining operation in each system.

[0021] Therefore, in the present embodiment, an ATC tool management program for managing the tool life of the tool T of the automatic tool changer (ATC) 8, which performs the tool change with respect to the main tool spindle device 2, is stored in the control unit 50. In particular, the tool management data, which is recorded in different memory areas of the first system and the second system, is configured so that it can be read and written by a rewrite program that is stored in the control unit 50. Fig. The data stored in PLC 56, as shown in diagram 5, will be standardized. It should be noted that... Fig. 5 conceptually illustrates the ATC tool management program processing in the control device 50.

[0022] Initially, the control device stores 50 different machining programs corresponding to the machining operations performed on workpiece W by the main tool spindle 2. Specifically, different first machining programs for machining the first system and different second machining programs for machining the second system are provided separately for the main tool spindle 2. Furthermore, a machining time calculation program is stored to determine the time during which tool T actually machined workpiece W, based on the information from one of these machining programs. This program calculates the machining time during which tool T actually contacted workpiece W using information (e.g., coordinate information) from the executed machining program.

[0023] In the ATC tool management program, the total operating time is read from the tool management data of the previous machining operation at the end of the operation, and the operating time in the current machining operation is added to this value. The updated total operating time, saved as new tool management data, is then compared with the tool life predefined for the corresponding tool T to determine the tool life. This tool life determination for tool T is performed for each piece of tool management data stored in different memory areas of the first and second systems. However, since a tool T can be used for machining in both the first and second systems within the main tool spindle fixture 2, an accurate tool life determination is not possible if only one operating time is used.

[0024] Therefore, in the ATC tool management program, the total tooling time of tool T, calculated by the machining operations of the first or second system, is updated and stored in the tool management data of the other system. That is, the initial tool management data of the first system and the subsequent tool management data of the second system are unified. It should be noted that tool T, which is to be mounted on the main spindle tool fixture 2, is managed by a tool number stored in tool magazine 43, and the initial and subsequent tool management data, which share the same tool number, are present in each memory area of ​​the first and second systems.

[0025] When unifying the first and second tool management data, for example, when the first machining operation with tool Tn is performed for the first time by the main tool spindle fixture 2, the machining time period during which tool Tn contacts workpiece W is calculated from the first machining program by the machining time calculation program. When the completion of the first machining operation is confirmed according to the machining program, the total usage time of tool Tn is updated as the first tool management data at that time. That is, the total usage time N of tool Tn is read from the memory area according to the tool number, and a value obtained by adding the current usage time n, i.e., a new total usage time N+n, is updated and saved.

[0026] The total tooling time of tool Tn, updated at this point, is not only stored as the first tool management data, but also updated on the second tool management data page, which targets the second machining program. Therefore, for example, a rewrite program for reading and writing is stored in PLC 56, thus unifying the first and second tool management data. The rewrite program reads the updated and stored total tooling time N+n of tool Tn into PLC 56 at the point when machining on the first system is complete. Additionally, the total tooling time N+n of tool Tn is rewritten as second tool management data in the memory area on the second system page, where the value for each tool number is prepared.

[0027] If the machining of the second system is subsequently carried out in the main tool spindle fixture 2 with the same tool Tn, the machining time duration during which tool Tn contacts the workpiece W is calculated from the second machining program by the machining time calculation program in the same way. When the completion of the machining of the second system is confirmed according to the machining program, the total usage time N+n (=N1) of tool Tn is read from the memory area corresponding to the tool number at that time. Then, the value resulting from the addition of the current usage time n1 and the total usage time N1 is updated and stored as the new total usage time N1+n1.In addition, the total operating time N1+n1, which was also updated after completion of the second machining operation, is read into the PLC 56 by reading the rewrite program, and the value is rewritten as the first tool management data in the memory area on the first system page according to the tool number.

[0028] Even if the machining of the second system in the main tool spindle fixture 2 is performed by the exchanged tool Tm, the rewrite operation is carried out in a similar manner. That is, the machining time during which tool Tm contacts the workpiece W is calculated from the second machining program by the machining time calculation program. Then, when the completion of the machining of the second system is confirmed according to the machining program, the total usage time of tool Tm is updated as second tool management data in the memory area of ​​the corresponding tool number at that time.This means that a value obtained by adding the current operating time n2 to the total operating time N2 is updated and stored as the new total operating time N2+n2. The value is read into the PLC 56 by reading the rewrite program and rewritten as the first tool management data into a memory area on the first system page according to the tool number.

[0029] Since the control unit 50 stores an ATC tool management program for accurately determining the tool life for machining the first and second systems of the main spindle tooling unit 2, the first and second tool management data, separated by the first and second systems, can be unified. For example, when the machining of the second system is completed as described above, the total tool usage time Tn can be accurately calculated by adding the current usage time n1 to the total usage time N1, including the machining time performed in the first system.Therefore, even if the tool main spindle device 2 uses the same tool T for machining the first system and the second system as in the multifunctional machine tool 1, and the usage time of the same is calculated, it is possible to correctly determine the service life of the tool T by updating the mutually used times.

[0030] Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the core of the invention.

[0031] In the above embodiment, for example, the total tool usage time T is calculated, and the updating and saving of the tool management data of one of the systems and the rewriting of the tool management data of the other of the systems are carried out after completion of the machining, when a machining program is finished, but can be carried out at a time when the directions of the main spindle heads 26 are changed, i.e. at a time of switching between the first system and the second system, or at a time of tool change in the automatic tool changing device 8. Reference character list 1 multifunctional processing machine, 2 tool main spindle device, 3 first workpiece main spindle device, 4 second workpiece main spindle device, 5 first revolver device, 6 second revolver device, 8 automatic tool changing devices, 9 automatic workpiece transport devices, 50 Control device

Claims

[1] A machine tool (1) comprising: a tool main spindle device (2) configured to perform machining of a first system in a first workpiece main spindle device (3) configured to rotate a workpiece (W) and machining of a second system in a second workpiece main spindle device (4) configured to rotate the workpiece (W) by an interchangeable main spindle head tool (T), wherein the drive control of each device is performed by a control device (50), characterized by , that: the control device (50) has a tool management processing section configured to calculate a total usage time of the main spindle head tool (Tn) based on the first system machining or the second system machining performed in the tool main spindle device (2), store the calculated total usage time as first tool management data or second tool management data, and write back the same total usage time to the other of the second tool management data or the first tool management data. [2] The machine tool (1) according to claim 1, wherein the tool management processing section of the control device (50) calculates a machining period during which the main spindle head tool (T) actually contacts a workpiece (W) from information of a machining program for executing machining in the first system or the second system. [3] The machine tool (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tool management processing section of the control device (50) reads the total usage time of the main spindle head tool (Tn), which has been calculated and stored according to the machining of the first system or the second system, from a first one of the stored first tool management data or the stored second tool management data, and writes the total usage time into the other one of the second tool management data or the first tool management data as the total usage time of the main spindle head tool (T). [4] The machine tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tool management processing section of the control device rewrites the total use time of the main spindle head tool (Tn) every time the machining program in the first system or the second system is finished.

Images