Planting bags

Abstract

The present invention is based on the objective of providing a planting bag that has a function for delaying the runoff of rainwater, i.e., a function for holding back the water, so that it can be used to prevent damage in the event of concentrated heavy rain within a short time. A planting bag 100, in which soil 7 is received inside a bag made of a front element 1 of a first fibrous material and a two-layered back element 2, which is formed of an inner element 21 of the first fibrous material and an outer element 22 of a second fibrous material, and a plant 8 is planted via an opening section 6 which is provided on the side of the front element 1, wherein a water permeability force of the front element 1 and the back element 2 is different and the water permeability force of the back element 2 is lower compared to the front element 1.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a planting bag. In particular, it relates to a planting bag with a water retention function that delays the runoff of rainwater during short-term, concentrated heavy rainfall, such as a downpour. General state of the art

[0002] The applicant of the present application carries out activities that, as in non-patent document 1, serve to green roofs or slopes, and specifically carries out activities in which planting bags are used, as also specified in patent document 1.

[0003] However, so-called flash rain, i.e. concentrated heavy rain within a short period of time, is occurring with increasing frequency – presumably as a result of progressive global warming – and a further increase is expected.

[0004] To prevent damage from concentrated heavy rainfall within a short period of time, cities are increasingly installing “water retention basins” as described in Non-Patent Document 2.

[0005] Even if it is not a large-scale "water retention basin" like those found in cities, a so-called "wet field retention" is also known, as stated in Non-Patent Document 3. In urbanized areas, a so-called "school grounds retention" is also practiced, as stated in Non-Patent Document 4, in which rainwater is temporarily collected on school grounds, in parks, and the like.

[0006] All these measures result in a temporary spreading out of the regional inflow volumes into the rivers.

[0007] The approach of extending the flow of rainwater is not only practiced in the locations and to the extent specified in non-patent documents 2 to 4, but it is also likely to be effective in preventing water damage by temporarily extending the runoff of rainwater where roof or slope greening is implemented. In particular, a high level of effectiveness can be expected if, through targeted application in cities with extensive sealing of surfaces, where no wetlands or similar features exist, the runoff of rainwater on the roofs of high-rise buildings and factories can be extended by even just a few dozen minutes, thus delaying the concentrated influx into sewers. State-of-the-art documents, patent documents Patent document 1: JP 4911418 B2 Patent Document 2: JP 2736011 B2 Patent Document 3: JP 2001-90077 A Non-patent documents Non-patent document 1: Website of Fujita Inc., company for specialty seeds of evergreen sedum [Date of search: 31.07.2023], Internet: https: / / fujitapp.com / Non-patent document 2: Waterways Department of the Construction Division of Tokyo Prefecture: Gôu kara tomin no inochi to kurashi wo mamoru „chôsetsuchi“ (Water retention basins that protect the life and way of life of the inhabitants during heavy rain), [Date of search: 31.07.2023] Internet: https: / / www.koho.metro.tokyo.lg.jp / 2020 / 08 / 08.html Non-patent document 3: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: “Suidenchoryû (tanbodamu) no torikumikentô” (Examination of efforts relating to wet field retention (rice field dams) [Date of search: 31.07.2023], Internet: https: / / www.thr.mlit.go.jp / iwate / bousai / sonae / chisui_pjt / da ta03 / 04.pdf Non-patent document 4: Hyogo Prefectural Government: “Kôteichoryû no shisetsuseibi ni tsuite (Creation of facilities for school grounds retention) [Date of search: 31.07.2023], Internet: https: / / web.pref.hyogo.lg.jp / nhk09 / sougoutisuikeikaku / docum ents / 1kakogawa-8.pdf Brief description of the invention; Problem of the present invention

[0008] However, there is currently no approach to delaying the runoff of rainwater for the planting bags from patent document 1, as proposed by the applicant of the present application, so that no temporary delay of the runoff of rainwater in the green roofs of high-rise buildings and factories can be practiced so far.

[0009] Devices similar to the planting bag from patent document 1 are also known from patent document 2 as a greening soil bag and from patent document 3 as a planting soil bag.

[0010] The outer fabric of the base of the greening soil bag from patent document 2 is water-permeable, while the inner fabric is water-impermeable. However, since the inner fabric is water-impermeable, the water stored in the soil bag does not drain away on its own, leading to the problem of root rot in plant cultivation.

[0011] In the planting bag described in patent document 3, the back substrate is equipped with water retention properties. However, when water is retained, it remains in the back substrate for an extended period, leading to the same problem of root rot as in patent document 2. The time it takes for the retained water to evaporate is strongly influenced by the season and the ambient temperature, resulting in an irregular timeframe. For example, if there is a heavy downpour on two consecutive evenings, it can be assumed that the temporary drainage delay function is not at work, as the water from the first day's heavy rain is still being retained.

[0012] From the perspective of preventing damage caused by concentrated heavy rain, neither patent document 2 nor patent document 3 in a planting bag have the function of delaying the runoff of rainwater.

[0013] The present invention is based on the objective of providing a planting bag that has a function for delaying the runoff of rainwater, i.e., a function for holding back the water, so that it can be used to prevent damage in the event of concentrated heavy rain within a short time. Means of solving the task

[0014] To fulfill the above-mentioned objective, a planting bag according to the present invention, in which soil is contained inside a bag consisting of a front element and a back element, and a plant is planted via an opening section provided on the side of the front element, is characterized in that the water permeability of the front element and the back element is different and the water permeability of the back element is lower compared to the front element.

[0015] Since the water permeability of the back panel is low, if a large amount of rainwater flows into the planting bag, the water temporarily accumulates inside the bag and then drains away slowly. This delays the drainage of the rainwater, thus giving the planting bag a water retention function.

[0016] In the planting bag of the present invention, the front element and the back element preferably comprise a first fiber of the same material, wherein the back element, together with the first fiber, comprises a second fiber whose water permeability is lower than that of the first fiber. Since the same first fiber is used for the front element and the back element, the manufacturing costs can be kept low, and the front element and the back element can be formed by folding a single element during manufacturing.

[0017] In the planting bag of the present invention, the second fiber of the back element is preferably provided on the outside of the first fiber of the back element. Since in this way the first fiber forming the back element serves as a filter for the soil inside, clogging by the soil at the second fiber is prevented.

[0018] In the planting bag of the present invention, the first and second fibers of the back element preferably adhere to one another. While a method is conceivable where the inner material is simply placed over the outer material if the back element is two-layered, if the second and first fibers adhere to each other, no displacement occurs between the first and second fibers when soil is filled into the bag or when a plant is picked up. Brief description of the characters Fig. Figure 1A is a perspective view illustrating a state of use of a planting bag according to the present embodiment, and Fig. 1B is a sectional view along a closure made of Fig. 1A. Fig. Figure 2A is a photograph illustrating an experiment to compare the water permeability of the planting bag of the present embodiment and of a prior art planting bag, and Fig. 2B is a table that lists the experimental results of Fig. 2A illustrates this. embodiment of the invention

[0019] The following describes, with reference to the embodiment and the figures, one way of carrying out the present invention. However, the embodiment discussed below is not intended to limit the present invention to the following details, and instead, the present invention can be applied in various modified forms without deviating from the technical concept set forth in the claims. In the figures used for illustration in this document, the individual elements are shown at a size at which they are recognizable in the figures. Therefore, the individual elements are depicted differently with a different scale, and the representation is not necessarily proportional to their actual dimensions. embodiment

[0020] Based on Fig. Section 1 describes the design of the essential elements of a planting bag 100 of the present embodiment. The planting bag 100 is a bag into which soil 7 is filled and a plant 8 is planted, and it is placed, among other places, on buildings, roofs, and slopes. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the planting bag 100 is formed from a front element 1 made of a first fiber material, a two-layer back element 2 formed from an inner element 21 made of the first fiber material and an outer element 22 made of a second fiber material, a closure 3 provided on the front element 1, and a seam (sewing seam) 4 at which the front element 1 and the back element 2 are sewn together.

[0021] Although not shown, the planting bag 100 may, for example, have through holes reinforced by eyelets or locking sections such as cords, hooks or the like provided at the four corners, and these locking sections can be used to fix the planting bag 100.

[0022] Next, a method for manufacturing the planting bag 100 is described. First, two layers for the front element 1 and the inner element 21 of the back element 2 are cut from a large-format first fibrous material, and one layer for the outer element 22 of the back element 2 is cut from a large-format second fibrous material. In the present embodiment, the three layers of fibrous material each have the same square size of approximately 50 cm × 50 cm.

[0023] Then, the inner element 21 made from the first fiber material and the outer element 22 made from the second fiber material are sewn together to create the two-layered back element 2. The front element 1 made from the first fiber material is divided into three parts, the fastener 3 is attached to the divided front element 1, and thus the individual front element 1 is formed. Fig. 1A quality workmanship.

[0024] Finally, the perimeter of the front element 1 and the back element 2 are sewn together, creating a bag that can hold soil 7 inside, thus completing the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment. The completed planting bag is used by, as shown in Fig. Figure 1 shows how soil 7 is filled into the inside of the bag. This soil 7 can be, among other things, a mixture commonly used in practice, such as black earth, Kanuma soil, bark, fertilizer, and other materials.

[0025] In the present embodiment, the three layers of fibrous material forming the front element 1 and the back element 2 are attached by sewing, but other methods such as gluing with adhesive, welding or the like are also possible.

[0026] For example, it is possible to cut an inner element 21 that is smaller than the outer element 22 and simply place the inner element 21 on the outer element 22 without sewing it to the outer element 22. However, since in the present embodiment the inner element 21 and the outer element 22 adhere to each other, the inner element 21 does not shift when soil 7 is poured into the interior of the bag, plants are planted, or the planting bag 100 is carried.

[0027] Since, in the present embodiment, the same first fiber material is used for the front element 1 and the back element 2, the front element 1 and the back element 2 can be efficiently produced from a single large-format first fiber material, thus keeping manufacturing costs low. The front element 1 and the inner element 21 of the back element 2 can also be formed by folding a single wide first fiber material (in the present embodiment measuring 50 cm × 100 cm) during manufacturing.

[0028] It is desirable that the material of the front element 1 and the back element 2, which form the planting bag 100, is a fibrous material with water permeability, air permeability and weather resistance. Examples include multilayer polypropylene tapes, aramid fibers, glass fibers, cellulose fibers, nylon fibers, vinylon fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers and rayon fibers.

[0029] As also stated in non-patent document 1, in the conventional planting bag provided by the inventors, the front and back elements are made of the same fibrous material. Consequently, the water permeability of the front and back elements is the same.

[0030] In contrast, in the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment, a fibrous material is selected with which the water permeability force of the back element 2 is lower than the water permeability force of the front element 1.

[0031] Water permeability here refers to the ability to allow water to pass through. An objective expression of water permeability can be the air permeability (cc / cm²). 2 per second) or the water permeability coefficient (cm / s) are used, which are often used to specify the material properties of fibrous material.

[0032] In the present embodiment, the first fiber material, which is the material of the front element 1 and the inner element 21 of the rear element 2, is Axtar (registered commercial register) Mantle (registered commercial register) G2150BK from Toray Industries, Inc. The air permeability of the first fiber material is 30 (cc / cm²). 2 per second) and the water permeability coefficient 1.0 × 10 -2 (cm / s).

[0033] The second fiber material, which forms the fabric of the outer element 22 of the rear element 2, is Axtar (registered commercial register) PF N2090-6S from Toray Industries, Inc. The air permeability of the second fiber material is 9 (cc / cm²). 2 per second).

[0034] The comparison of the air permeability shows that the water permeability of the second fiber is lower than that of the first fiber. Therefore, water passes through the second fiber less easily. In the case of the planting bag 100, which uses the first fiber for the front element 1, the first fiber for the inner element 21 of the back element 2, and the second fiber for the outer element 22 of the back element 2, the water permeability of the front element 1 and the back element 2 differs, with the water permeability of the back element 2 (made of the second fiber) being lower than that of the front element 1. Consequently, water passes through the back element 2 of the planting bag 100 less easily.

[0035] Closure 3 is made of a plastic with good weather resistance that does not corrode, and includes, as shown in Fig. Figure 1 shows three pairs of a right slider 3R and a left slider 3L facing each other, with this closure 3 attached in two sets to the front element 1 of the planting bag 100. By sliding the right slider 3R and the left slider 3L away from each other, an opening section 6 is formed between the right slider 3R and the left slider 3L. In this way, a user can adjust the opening section 6 to a desired size and position.

[0036] The number of pairs of right slider 3R and left slider 3L and the sets of closures 3 can be changed. The opening section 6 is not limited to the use of the closure 3, and it is also possible to cut the front element 1 with a knife to form the opening section and, after planting, to close the unused cut opening with a cloth or a gel-like material.

[0037] The following is a description of the results regarding the water retention function of the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment and of the planting bag of the prior art. Fig. 2A is a recording of the experiment and Fig. 2B a table showing the test results.

[0038] In the experiment, the same quantity of soil 7 was filled into the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment and a prior art planting bag 200, in which the back element 2 and the front element 1 each consisted only of the first fibrous material. Although not shown, both were immersed in a water-filled container for approximately 5 minutes to achieve complete water saturation. Then, both were simultaneously placed on a water collection tray T1.

[0039] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 2A, the water collection trays T1 each rest on a scale T2 and can therefore measure the weight of the respective planting bag 100, 200. The water that passed through the planting bags 100, 200 was collected in the water collection tray T1 and then poured into a weighing beaker T3. This experiment was used to compare the water permeability of the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment and of the planting bag 200 of the prior art.

[0040] Fig. 2B is an example of experimental results such as those from Fig. Received 2A.

[0041] After 5 minutes, there was no further change in the weight of the state-of-the-art 200g planting bag.

[0042] In contrast, in the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment, a reduction of 0.01 kg per minute had occurred after 10 minutes, and the reduction continued until approximately 60 minutes had elapsed. Thus, the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment was able to achieve a delay in the drainage compared to the planting bag 200 of the prior art.

[0043] In the present experiment, the soil 7 in planting bag 100 and planting bag 200 was assumed to be in a state that reflects practical use. Therefore, the soil 7 inside naturally also causes a delay in drainage. Consequently, drainage in planting bag 200 initially continued for about 5 minutes; however, if no soil 7 had been present, the air permeability (30 cc / cm²) would have been significantly reduced. 2 per second) and the water permeability coefficient (1.0×10 -2cm / s) of the first fiber material from Axtar Mantle (registered commercial register) G2150BK the water would not have accumulated inside the bag, but would have flowed out.

[0044] In contrast, the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment would have an air permeability of (9 cc / cm²). 2 per second) of the second fibrous material from Axtar (registered commercial register) PF N2090-6S, the water also accumulates in a state without soil 7 inside the bag and drains away slowly, so that a sufficient delay of the drainage, i.e. a stopping of the water, can be achieved.

[0045] Since torrential rain often ends after about 10 to 20 minutes, it is sufficient for the water retention function, which is the object of the present invention, if the water can be retained for a few dozen minutes up to about an hour.

[0046] Since, as described above, the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment is designed such that the water permeability of the rear element 2 is low compared to the front element 1, in the event of a large amount of rainwater flowing into the planting bag, the water temporarily accumulates inside the planting bag 100 and then slowly drains away. In the planting bag, which is not susceptible to root rot, this results in a delay in the drainage of the rainwater, and it thus exhibits a water retention function.

[0047] Due to the design, in which the inner element 21 of the rear element 2 of the planting bag 100 of the present embodiment has a higher water permeability force than the outer element 22, the first fibrous material forming the inner element 21 serves as a filter for the soil 7, which is why a blockage by the soil 7 can be prevented at the second fibrous material, i.e. the outer element 22.

[0048] In the present embodiment, as a method to cause the front element 1 and the back element 2 to have different water permeability forces, the first fiber material is used for the front element 1 and the inner element 21 of the back element 2, while the second fiber material is used for the outer element 22 of the back element 2, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and other embodiments can also be used.

[0049] For example, an embodiment is applicable in which the front element 1 uses the first fiber material and the rear element 2 uses exclusively the second fiber material. In the present embodiment, the first fiber material used is Axtar (registered commercial register) Mantle (registered commercial register e) G2150BK from Toray Industries, Inc., and the second fiber material is Axtar (registered commercial register) PF N2090-6S from Toray Industries, Inc. However, G2260BK, which is also Axtar (registered commercial register) Mantle (registered commercial register) from Toray Industries, Inc., has a greater thickness compared to G2150BK, with an air permeability of 10 cc / cm². 2 per second and a water permeability coefficient of 0.8×10 -2cm / s and its water permeability is lower. Thus, as in the configuration where G2260BK is used as the back side element 2, the difference in water permeability based on the thickness of the same material can be used as a method to achieve a different water permeability. Of course, a different fiber material than the one mentioned as an example from Toray Industries, Inc. can also be used.

[0050] In the present embodiment, a fibrous material is given as an example, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to a fibrous material. For example, an embodiment can be used in which the rear element of the planting bag 200 of the prior art is made of Fig. 2. In addition, a vinyl film is attached in which a suitable number of fine holes are formed.

[0051] In the present embodiment, the planting bag is 100 square, as in Fig. Figure 1A shows one such shape, but the shape is not limited to this. For example, it could also be an elongated rectangle, like those installed in the valleys of a so-called folding roof. When such a rectangular planting bag is installed on a folding roof, it's possible that water will also run off the side of the front element in an area on the underside of the sloping roof, which is why the rear element can be extended.

[0052] In the present embodiment, the design is such that the back element 2 uses the same first fiber material in the inner element 21 as the front element 1, and a different second fiber material in the outer element 22 than in the front element 1. However, an embodiment can also be used in which a different second fiber material is used in the inner element 2 than in the front element 1, and the same first fiber material is used in the outer element 22 as in the front element 1. This latter embodiment not only creates a more visually appealing impression of a planting bag made from the same first fiber material, but also ensures that the resistance to external friction on the front and back during use is the same.

[0053] In the present embodiment, the rear element 2, comprising the inner element 21 and the outer element 22, has a two-layer structure; however, the present invention is not limited to a two-layer structure. A configuration with more layers, such as three or four layers, can also be used. The front element 1 can also be configured as a multi-layer structure.

[0054] In the planting bag of the present invention, an element with a side surface with low water permeability can be added between the front element 1 and the back element 2.

[0055] The mode of action of the present invention applies not only to stopping water during torrential rain, but is also effective in enabling cultivation in regions with low rainfall. Explanation of reference symbols 100, 200 planting bags 1 front element 2 back element 21 Interior element 22 Exterior element 3 Closure 4 seam 6 Opening section 7 Earth QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 4911418 B2

[0007] JP 2736011 B2

[0007] JP 2001-90077 A

[0007] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] Website of Fujita Inc., a company specializing in evergreen sedum seeds [Date of search: 31.07.2023], Internet: https: / / fujitapp.com /

[0007] Department of Waterways of the Construction Division of Tokyo Prefecture: Gôu kara tomin no inochi to kurashi wo mamoru „chôsetsuchi“ (Water retention basins that protect the lives and way of life of the inhabitants during heavy rain), [Date of search: 31.07.2023

[0007] https: / / www.koho.metro.tokyo.lg.jp / 2020 / 08 / 08.html

[0007] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: “Suidenchoryû (tanbodamu) no torikumikentô” (Examination of efforts relating to wet field retention (rice field dams) [Date of search: 31.07.2023

[0007] https: / / www.thr.mlit.go.jp / iwate / bousai / sonae / chisui_pjt / da ta03 / 04.pdf

[0007] Hyogo Prefectural Government: “Kôteichoryû no shisetsuseibi ni tsuite (Creation of facilities for school grounds retention) [Date of search: 31.07.2023

[0007] https: / / web.pref.hyogo.lg.jp / nhk09 / sougoutisuikeikaku / docum

[0007]

Claims

A planting bag in which soil is contained inside a bag consisting of a front element and a back element, and a plant is planted through an opening section provided on the side of the front element, characterized in that the water permeability of the front element and the back element is different and the water permeability of the back element is lower compared to the front element. Planting bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the front element and the back element have a first fiber of the same material, wherein the back element together with the first fiber has a second fiber whose water permeability is less than that of the first fiber. Planting bag according to claim 2, characterized in that the second fiber material of the back element is provided on the outside of the first fiber material of the back element. Planting bag according to claim 2, characterized in that the first fiber material and the second fiber material of the back element adhere to each other.

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