Carriage gun

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a gun carriage, the barrel of which is mounted in a pivotable upper carriage and the lower carriage featuring expandable spars, and on the one hand a lifting and lowering support plate for the firing position of the gun, and on the other hand with is equipped with running wheels for the driving position, wherein, viewed in relation to the direction of thrust, the pivot axis of the upper carriage is located behind the support plate and the center of gravity of the upper carriage lies behind the pivot axis.

[0002] It is known in carriage guns to arrange the gun barrel on the carriage in a movable manner in order to move the entire gun during transport. Driving on its own chassis as a trailer vehicle, significantly shortening its length to be maneuverable during transport on the road. For this purpose, the gun barrel is moved rearward on the upper carriage. This requires the installation of additional sliding tracks, locking mechanisms, and Locking devices, in particular to ensure that the barrel is securely locked in the firing position. This is achieved by sliding the barrel. to the rear, so that the center of gravity of the gun in its transport position is shifted towards the ends of the gun carriages. The suspension arms are then detached. from the towing vehicle and the spreading of these beams is carried out when the tube is in the firing position, i.e. in the foremost position. is located. For reasons of stability, the overall center of gravity of the gun in firing position is so far back that handling the The carriage crossbars can only be moved using a significant number of people on each crossbar. If the tube is in the When the tube is in its foremost position, the weight distribution is most favorable for moving the frame members. When the tube is pushed back to... When the gun is brought into its transport position, the ends of the gun carriages are subjected to considerably more stress. Furthermore, this is a common issue with previous gun carriage designs. The rotation of the upper carriage is limited. The guns are designed so that the barrel and upper carriage can only rotate approximately 30° from the The center can be swivelled to either side.

[0003] A mountain howitzer is also known which has a split carriage, and in which, in firing position, a support plate supports the carriage body supported, with the pivot axis of the upper carriage located behind the support plate. The lateral aiming range encompasses approximately the spread opening angle of the spars.

[0004] A wheeled gun carriage with a aiming seat attached to the pivoting upper part is also known, in which the weapon can be pivoted vertically. The receiving upper carriage is mounted in a lower carriage, which can be rotated 360°, i.e., in a circle, and which can be used for firing either as a tripod or Removal of the wheels is used, or even when the wheels are left on and then folded together to form a carriage tail. The gun can be fired from its support legs. The latter position of the carriage also serves for driving. The upper carriage can be rotated in a circle. This is not possible with the wheels already mounted.

[0005] The object of the invention is to facilitate the handling of the gun carriage during the transition from the firing position to the transport position. and to make it more cost-effective with regard to the need for operating personnel. In the case of a gun carriage of the type mentioned above, this will be the case. This is achieved by making the upper carriage rotatable on the lower carriage by 360° in a known manner from the firing position to the transport position and the overall center of gravity of the gun in the position lowered from the firing position onto the road wheels in front of the pivoting axis of a two-axle chassis and in the driving position behind this pivot beam axle on the side facing the free ends of the spars.

[0006] With such a design of the gun carriage, a simple and facilitated transition to the transport position is achieved, whereby in An intermediate position during the transition from the firing position to the transport position significantly facilitates coupling the gun to the towing vehicle. This occurs because the frame members are relieved of stress. When the barrel and upper carriage are pivoted into a transverse position relative to the gun's longitudinal axis, [further details omitted]. The ends of the spars should be relieved of stress so that an equilibrium is achieved in which only minimal downward forces act on the spar ends. In this case, it is It is possible that the closed gun carriage arms could be hung from or onto the towing hook of the towing vehicle by a single man. The balance 1' can also be arranged so that the ends of the spars are in an intermediate position of the pivoting upper carriage. They can practically be held suspended. As the tube transitions further into the driving position, the overall center of gravity shifts. The gun is moved towards the ends of the spars and loads the limber eye or the tow hook of the towing vehicle in a known manner, as if this were the case. is desirable for transporting the gun. When swiveling the barrel 180° from the firing position to the transport position and vice versa, Sufficient stability is maintained even with the pipe positioned horizontally. No tipping moment occurs. The system can swivel 360°. This allows the barrel to be swivelled to either side of the gun from the firing position to the transport position, or vice versa. The unlimited rotation of the upper carriage relative to the lower carriage further results in the wheels on one side being opposite the wheels on the other side. can be more or less relieved or loaded, which is important when preparing the gun for firing position. With the With a gun carriage, it is possible that the gun barrel can also be set at a relatively large lateral angle, e.g. 45°, and with this It can be fired. Additional locking devices, such as those required for longitudinal movement relative to the upper carriage, are not necessary.

[0007] The pivot axis of the upper carriage can be provided to be located closer to the center of the support plate than to the pivot beam axis of the chassis. This results in a favorable weight balance for the gun with the barrel positioned more or less transversely, without increasing the risk of The forward tilting of the tube becomes too great. The pivoting beam axes of the chassis at the front ends of the gun carriage beams are advantageous – in Viewed from the direction of rotation, the barrel is positioned in front of the center of the support plate. In the gun's transport position, the barrel can be secured to the frame by means of struts. be supported.

[0008] The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment illustrated in the drawings.

[0009] Fig. 1 shows a side view of the gun carriage with the barrel pointing forward; Figure 1 illustrates the position of the various axes and the center of gravity of the gun in the projection onto the ground plane; Fig. Figure 5 shows the gun in firing position with the gun carriages spread; Figure 6 shows the gun in top view with the barrel oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis. shown, with the ends of the spars largely relieved of stress.

[0010] The gun carriage 1 has the tube 2 which is pivotably mounted in the upper carriage 3 about the horizontal axis 4 in the vertical direction. This is achieved using the hydraulic cylinders 5, which are arranged on both sides of the tube 2. The upper carriage 3 is connected to the tube 2 to form the The lower carriage 6 is rotatably mounted by means of a rotating ring 7, the gear ring being a closed loop of 360°. On the lower carriage 6 The extendable beams 8 and 9 are pivotally mounted about axes 10 and 11. The lower carriage 6 is equipped with a liftable and lowerable support plate 12 for the The gun is equipped with a firing position. This can be operated hydraulically or manually using a crank in the elevation direction. It is located within The lower carriage 6 is mounted in a fixed position. Road wheels 13 or wheel sets are arranged at the front ends of the carriage beams 8 and 9. The following serves this purpose: Axle stub 14, on which a wheel can be directly mounted. In a set of two wheels on each side, the axle stub is the center of a the successive wheel-carrying swivel beam. In the transport position of the gun, the barrel is supported by means of struts 15, which are attached to Each pole can be pivotally hinged.

[0011] In the schematic representation of Fig. 4, the individual axes are shown in projection onto the base surface. They denote: 16 the longitudinal axis of the gun, 17 the connecting line between the pivot axes 10 and 11 for spreading the spars on the lower carriage 6, 12 a) The line passing through the center of the support plate is parallel to the connecting line 17 and 14. a) The pivot beam axis. The pivot axis 18 is located with the line 18 a passing through the axis between the center of the support plate 12 and the pivot beam axis 14 a. When lying horizontally For the gun barrel, circle 20 represents the outer boundary of the area within which the overall center of gravity of the gun is located when traversing. the tube moves from front to back or vice versa, over one side or the other. Circle 21 defines the center of gravity area in a Elevation of the gun barrel of 40°. When swiveling the gun barrel from rear to front or vice versa, the center of gravity can be moved 19° from the one side, i.e., from line 20a to line 20b within circle 20. With the usual dimensions of the tube and the beams The overall transverse point 19 of the gun lies in the position lowered from the firing position onto the road wheels 13 in front of the pivot beam axis. 14 a of the two-axle chassis (F i g. 1) and in the driving position behind this pivot beam axle 14 a on the side towards the free ends of the Holme 8, 9 lying side (F i g. 2). At a certain angular position in the horizontal plane of the gun barrel, the center of gravity can be 19 coincide with the pivot beam axis 14a. In this area, a complete weight balance occurs on both sides of the The pivot beam axis 14a overhanging gun parts result in the beam ends being practically relieved of stress. In this position of the barrel Removing the gun carriage beams from the tow hook of the towing vehicle or placing the gun carriage onto the tow hook can be done practically effortlessly. This can be done. Accordingly, the spreading of the beams can be carried out without the operating personnel having to lift heavy weights. to be carried out during the spreading movement of the beams. As soon as the overall center of gravity 19 crosses the pivot beam axis 14a in a forward direction, A certain forward tilting moment can occur. However, this tilting is prevented by the fact that when the pipe is positioned laterally, during which the The center of gravity of the gun is still located on the rear side of the pivot axis 14a, the lower carriage 6 by lowering the The support plate 12 is used for support. The gun barrel can then be rotated further forward without concern. The support plate's axis is located far forward. 12 now assumes responsibility for the stability of the entire gun's balance. This refers to the stability of the firing position of the Gun. As soon as the support plate has come into contact with the ground and the lower carriage has been raised slightly by lowering the support plate. If the frame is open, the frame rails can be spread apart because the wheels are lifted off the ground.

[0012] The spars can each be moved into a spread position by 45° from the longitudinal axis of the gun, whereby for this angle specification the The ends of the gun barrels are decisive. Accordingly, the gun can be fired when the barrel is at an angle of up to 45° from the gun's longitudinal axis. calculated and viewed in projection onto the base, it is pivoted. Therefore, one can move between the beams within an angular range of Firing at 90°. Furthermore, the design of the gun allows the lower carriage 6 with splayed side frames, which are usually in their position, to be positioned in the known manner. secured by the struts 22, so that it can be pivoted in any direction around the axis of the support plate 12 resting on the ground, thus that firing can occur in a 360° range or as unlimited all-round fire.

Claims

[0013] Claims:

1. Carriage gun, the barrel of which is mounted in a pivoting upper carriage and the lower carriage of which is extendable It features holms and, on the one hand, a lifting and lowering support plate for the firing position of the gun, and on the other hand, road wheels for the is provided with a driving position, wherein, viewed with respect to the direction of rotation, the pivot axis of the upper carriage is behind the support plate and the center of gravity the upper carriage lies behind the pivot axis, characterized in that the upper carriage (3) rotates 360° on the lower carriage (6) in a known manner the firing position can be rotated into the transport position, thereby shifting the overall center of gravity (19) of the gun from the firing position onto the road wheels (13) lowered position in front of the pivot beam axis (14 a) of a two-axle chassis and in the driving position behind this pivot beam axis (14a) on the side facing the free ends of the side frames (8, 9).

2. Carriage gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot axis (18) of the upper carriage (3) is closer to the center of the support plate (12) than to the pivot beam axis (14) a) is located on the chassis.

3. Gun carriage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pivot beam axes (14 a) of the chassis are provided at the front ends of the gun carriage beams - viewed in the direction of rotation - in front of the center of the support plate (12).

4. Carriage gun according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the barrel (2) is mounted on the frame in the gun's transport position. is supported by means of struts (15).