System for grid-friendly control of decentralized household batteries via standard sockets

Abstract

System for the aggregation, control and grid-friendly use of decentralized household battery storage systems, characterized in that at least - a portable energy storage device connected to a standard household socket, - a measuring unit for recording energy flows, - a communication unit for remote control, - and a central control unit for aggregating several units working together to provide control power or grid flexibility.

Description

1. Technical area

[0001] The invention relates to a system for the aggregation, control, and grid-friendly use of decentralized energy storage systems in households via standardized power connections. It enables individual battery modules to participate in grid stabilization measures (e.g., frequency control) without the need to install a fixed grid connection. 2. State of the art

[0002] To date, grid-controllable battery storage systems have typically been permanently installed systems used either in single-family homes with PV systems or in commercial facilities. These systems require: • permanent installation by qualified electricians, • a fixed connection to the home network, • complex integration into energy or balancing energy markets.

[0003] For tenants or people in apartments without a PV system, such systems have so far been economically or technically unavailable. While plug-and-play systems exist, they do not allow for grid-friendly integration into a virtual power plant or grid-connected control system. 3. Description of the invention

[0004] The aim of the invention is to create a plug-and-play battery storage system that can be operated via a normal household socket (e.g. Schuko), and at the same time is centrally controlled and aggregated in a virtual power plant to serve the grid.

[0005] The invention therefore comprises: • A portable battery storage module that can be connected to the household power grid via a standardized plug connection. • A measuring unit according to MID certification for recording energy flow and status data. • A communication interface that allows remote control and monitoring of the system via a central backend. • A central control system (cloud backend) that aggregates several of these modules and responds to external grid signals (e.g. from a transmission system operator or direct marketer). • A control algorithm that optimizes charging and discharging processes taking into account the local load, the grid frequency and central signals. • A safety mechanism that automatically switches to a safe state in the event of a power failure or loss of communication (e.g. grid disconnection or charge limitation).

[0006] The special feature lies in the combination of: • non-fixed connection type (socket), • control energy market-compatible measurement and controllability, and • scalable aggregation into a virtual power plant consisting of many units. 4. Advantages of the invention • Simplicity: No specialist installation required - plug-and-play for end customers. • Accessibility: Particularly suitable for tenants, as no structural changes are necessary. • Flexibility: Decentralized, mobile units can be added or removed at any time. • Grid serviceability: Participation in balancing energy markets possible, contribution to grid stabilisation. • Scalability: Many units can be combined cost-effectively to form a powerful virtual power plant. 5. Examples of implementation

[0007] A typical system consists of a lithium iron phosphate battery with a capacity of 1-10 kWh, an integrated bidirectional inverter, an MID-compliant metering unit, and a Wi-Fi or LTE module for communication with a central control server. The battery is connected to a standard power outlet via a Schuko plug. Control is automatic via a cloud-based system that coordinates charging and discharging commands based on external grid signals. 6. Scope of protection / Inventive features

[0008] In particular, protection is claimed for the combination of: • Household socket compatible battery storage module, • integrated MID-compliant measuring and communication unit, • central aggregation and control for network-related purposes, • automatic participation in external grid control mechanisms, • Avoid permanent installation or mains connection by specialist personnel.

Claims

[1] System for aggregation, control and grid-friendly use of decentralized household battery storage systems, characterized by that at least - a portable energy storage device connected to a standard household socket, - a measuring unit for recording energy flows, - a communication unit for remote control, - and a central control unit for aggregating several units working together to provide control power or grid flexibility. [2] System according to claim 1, characterized by that the measuring unit is MID-compliant. [3] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that communication takes place wirelessly via WLAN, mobile communications or similar. [4] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the central control unit uses control signals from external grid operators or market partners to control aggregate behavior in real time. [5] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the energy storage unit charges and discharges bidirectionally, controlled by an integrated inverter. [6] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that no professionally installed mains connection is required and operation takes place exclusively via a standard socket. [7] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that safety mechanisms automatically switch to a defined state (e.g. network disconnection) in the event of a communication failure or network disruption. [8] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a billing unit allocates the grid-beneficial contribution to individual devices using measurement technology. [9] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the system is specifically designed to participate in primary control power (FCR) or automatic frequency control (aFRR). [10] System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that it is designed specifically for tenants and can be operated without structural interventions.