Multiple linear grid-based GUV-LED fluid sterilization device

Abstract

A multiple linear grid-based GUV-LED fluid sterilization device, comprising: a) a DC power supply system, wherein the DC power supply system has a general power source with a DC voltage of maximum DC 24 V or a battery (113) and a control and power supply board (107) as a power supply unit; b) a transmissive linear grating-structured GUV-LED package (10) which can be supplied with electrical energy and activated via the control and power supply board (107), wherein the transmissive linear grating-structured GUV-LED package (10) emits UV radiation in the wavelength range from 234 to 313 nm and has an LED unit provided with a cylindrical lens structure which emits UV radiation with a linear grating structure; c) a radiation inlet device, wherein the radiation inlet device is located on one or both sides of the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) and is designed as a quartz-based viewing window (115) or as a provided opening (116) in order to introduce the UV radiation from the radiating linear grating-structured GUV-LED package (10) into the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103), wherein the radiation penetrates through the radiating linear grating-structured GUV-LED package (10) from the outside to the inside into the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) and there forms a multiple linear grating-based GUV-LED fluid sterilization device by reflection and counter-reflection; d) a reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber (103) having two open ends, wherein the inner surface of the reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber (103) has a concavely curved cylindrical structure, a continuously convexly curved or a continuously concavely curved reflection surface, and the inner diameter of the reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber (103) does not exceed 30 mm.

Description

The present invention relates to a multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization technology, and more particularly to a multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus used for rapid disinfection, sterilization and high volume cleaning of fluids.UV LEDs (Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes, UV LEDs) which emit invisible ultraviolet radiation are already used as powerful tools for disinfection and sterilization. They are used, inter alia, in disinfection of drinking water or objects in the gastronomial sector. Disinfection by UV radiation does not require chemical additions and allows efficient disinfection without causing secondary impurities such as AOC (Assimilable Organic Carbon) or DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon). Due to these properties, UV disinfection is considered an ideal method for germ reduction.However, existing UVC LED disinfection and sterilization devices have several disadvantages: 1. not all UV wavelengths are equally suitable for disinfection. The ultraviolet radiation must be in a wavelength range absorbed by the DNA or RNA of microorganisms to induce a chemical reaction. 2. only if the radiation dose absorbed has sufficient energy can the DNA or RNA structure be fragmented or destroyed, as a result of which pathogens are inactivated or completely degraded. The most effective wavelength range for disinfection is between 234 nm and 313 nm and comprises part of the UVB and UVC radiation. This range is referred to as Germidic Ultraviolet (GUV) radiation.Furthermore, UV LEDs have various design-related deficiencies which limit their efficiency in disinfection: a. The conventional UV LEDs have an uneven radiation distribution on account of their defined emission angle. The angle θ describes the range in which the intensity decreases to 50% of its maximum. This produces regions with insufficient radiation intensity, which impairs the disinfection rate. b. A large radiation spread angle leads to increased light scattering. Since conventional LEDs emit light in the form of a three-dimensional divergent cone, the resultant irradiance per unit area is lower. This reduced radiation intensity is problematic in particular for disinfection of fast-flowing fluids, since the required germicidal radiation dose (K=I×t, wherein I is the radiation intensity and t is the irradiation duration) is not reached in the available time. c. The lack of control over the radiation spread angle can lead to UV radiation exiting into the environment in an uncontrolled manner. Such inadvertent exposure may cause environmental damage and pose health risks to humans, particularly skin and eyes. d. Many existing UV LED disinfection devices are designed such that the radiation is horizontal to the flow direction of the fluid to be treated. Since the radiation intensity decreases with the square of the distance, the energy efficiency is insufficient to produce a dose sufficient for inactivation of pathogens within a short time. This significantly reduces the processing rate for large volumes of fluid. e. Current UV LED disinfection systems do not effectively use reflected light. Since most systems are based on a matrix arrangement of the LED elements and are oriented parallel to the flow direction of the fluid, suitable reflection mechanisms are lacking. As a result, the emitted UV radiation is used only once and then scatters, which leads to inefficient use of the available radiation energy.While these restrictions can be compensated for in disinfection of static surfaces by longer irradiation times, they present a problem in particular for continuous disinfection of fluids such as air or water. Due to the high flow rates, the fluid cannot dwell long enough to accumulate a sufficient dose of radiation. Moreover, continuous fluid disinfection requires an open system architecture, which increases the risk of uncontrolled UV exposure. Insufficient shielding may lead to undesirable health effects, since UV radiation escapes into the environment and may damage skin and eyes.The existing UV LED disinfection systems have an uneven and often insufficient radiation intensity, making them unsuitable for rapid and large volume fluid disinfection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution which offers high efficiency with simultaneously controlled radiation propagation.The present multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus performs fluid sterilization within a reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber. Optical LED units with a linear grating radiation structure are arranged in this chamber, which generate an increased radiation power. The device uses two-dimensional linear grating radiation for sterilization, wherein the UV radiation is directed from the outside inward onto a highly reflective material. The cylindrical linear grating reflection or counter reflection maintains the radiation within the same space quadrant, thereby increasing the superposition of beams and enhancing the dose of radiation within the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber. This shortens the sterilization time. Since the reflection direction is controlled by the linear reflection mirrors in a targeted manner, the radiation remains within the reflecting linear grating-structured sterilization chamber and does not emerge to the outside. This makes the device environmentally friendly and prevents secondary contamination of the environment.A first object of the invention is to provide a multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device in which a two-stage radiation design based on the Maddox-Rod principle is used. In the first stage, the radiation emitted by the GUV LED light source is passed through a cylindrical lens structure, as a result of which a two-dimensional linear grating radiation oriented perpendicularly to the lens direction is projected for sterilization. This radiation enters the reflective, linear grid structured sterilization chamber through a viewing window device. In the second stage, a further reflection or counter reflection takes place inside the reflecting, linearly grid-structured sterilization chamber by the cylindrical reflecting mirrors on the inner wall. This results in a multiple linear grating-based GUV-LED radiation, which enables optimized radiation superposition and improved radiation intensity for efficient fluid sterilization.Another object of the present invention is to provide an effective sterilization chamber within a hollow cylindrical tube through which water flows and is sterilized so that the device functions as a water sterilization chamber.Another object of the present invention is that the fluid in the form of air flows through the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber and is sterilized so that the device serves as an air sterilization system.A further object of the present invention is to introduce the sterilely purified air into a mask, a nose mask or a face mask, so that an overpressure arises and the device can be used as a positive pressure-aerated protective mask system.These objects are achieved according to the invention by a multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device having the features specified in claim 1. Further advantageous developments of the invention emerge from the features of the dependent claims.According to the invention, there is provided a multiple linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus wherein the transmissive linear grating-structured GUV LED package is encapsulated with a cylindrical lens structure. This lens structure can have a concave or convex curved surface or be formed as a multiple concave or multiple convex curved cylindrical structure. The UV radiation emitted by the transmitting linear grating-structured GUV-LED package passes through the cylindrical lens structure attached to the end face of the LED. In this case, the radiation divergence in the plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis remains constant, while in other planes, non-uniform refraction takes place. This leads to the emitted radiation being directed in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder axis. The resulting parallel light beams extend outwardly to form a light surface referred to as a linear grating radiation surface. Whereas conventional UV LEDs emit the radiation in a three-dimensionally spherical dispersion, the cylindrical lens structure enables two-dimensional radiation propagation in a vertical plane. The light beams run along the cylindrical surface in parallel planes, as a result of which a linear grating structure is produced. The intensity of the radiation decreases with the square of the distance, the difference in area distribution between 2D and 3D radiation being considerable. The linear grating structure achieves a substantially higher radiation intensity compared to conventional UVC LEDs. The emitted linear radiation enters through the viewing window provided laterally on the reflecting linear grating-structured sterilization chamber and is directed from the outside inward into the reflecting linear grating-structured sterilization chamber. The laterally incident radiation impinges on the highly reflective cylindrical inner wall of the chamber in a second radiation path and is reflected there again. The multiple reflection and counter reflection within the reflecting, linear grating-structured sterilization chamber produces a multiple linear grating-based radiation which is located within the same space quadrant and enables an increased superposition of the radiation. The superposition of the radiation results in an increase in the radiation intensity, while the uniformity of the radiation distribution is improved. The high reflection rate of the chamber causes multiple utilization of the radiant energy, thereby enhancing sterilization efficiency. The directed radiation propagation on the two-dimensional linear grating surface enables a targeted control of the radiation in a radial direction. The reflection takes place within the chamber only in the vertical direction to the cylindrical reflection surface, whereby uncontrolled emission of the radiation is prevented and secondary environmental pollution is avoided. A further advantage of UV sterilization is that no microorganisms which have developed resistance to UV radiation are known to date. However, a disadvantage of conventional UV radiation is that the radiation propagates along straight lines, as a result of which pathogens can hide in shadow regions or behind dust particles. However, the direction of the radiation is continuously changed by the repeated reflection and counter-reflection within the chamber, whereby pathogens located in concealed regions are also achieved and effectively eliminated. This leads to a marked increase in sterilization efficiency. Moreover, not every UVC radiation is equally suitable for sterilization. Microorganisms are divided into two groups: those with a protein coat and those without. Since the protein envelope of microorganisms has an absorption peak at 220 nm, radiation of this wavelength may be effective for sterilization of enveloped microorganisms, but is ineffective for non-enveloped pathogens. The present invention therefore specifically uses UV radiation in the absorption range of the DNA, since all pathogens contain DNA. This achieves optimum sterilization by targeted GUV radiation. These features provide the central functional advantages of the present multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus.According to the invention, the end face of the transmitting linear grid structured GUV LED package is encapsulated by a cylindrical lens structure. This cylindrical lens structure may be formed as a convex curved cylindrical structure, a concave curved cylindrical structure, a multiple convex curved cylindrical structure, or a multiple concave curved cylindrical structure. The cylindrical lens structure material of the transmissive linear grid structured GUV LED package is made of a UV transmissive material selected from quartz, fluoropolymers, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), or polyimide (PI), thereby forming the encapsulated cylindrical lens structure of the GUV LED light source.In a further embodiment of the present multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device, the device comprises any viewing window which enables the penetration of UV radiation from the outside into a highly effective sterilization chamber. The viewing window can either consist of UV-transparent quartz or be formed as an opening which is connected to the radiating linear grating-structured GUV-LED package. The linear grating radiation enters the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber laterally. The reflecting, linearly grid-structured sterilization chamber consists of a hollow quartz tube, the outer surface of which is coated with a highly reflecting aluminum layer or has an aluminum layer by vacuum metallization, wherein only the viewing window remains transmissive for the UV radiation. Alternatively, the chamber may be made of highly reflective aluminum. The UV radiation entering through the lateral viewing window impinges on the highly reflective cylindrical inner wall and again forms a multilinear grating-based reflection layer. This reflection or counter reflection layer generates linear grating radiation within the same space quadrant, enhancing the superposition of radiation and achieving high uniformity of radiation within the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber.In the present multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device, at least one transmissive linear grating-structured GUV LED package is integrated, wherein the UV radiation emitted by the GUV LED is converted into a two-dimensional linear transmission in order to increase the radiation intensity. In at least one embodiment, multiple transmissive linear grid structured GUV LED packages may be connected in series or in parallel or arranged as an array. The power supply unit may consist of a general power source rectified to a DC voltage of at most DC 24 V, or a battery whose electric power is regulated via the control and power supply board. The power supply serves for activating the radiating linear grid structured GUV LED package or a built-in fan for air conveyance.In the present multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device, the concavely curved transmitting linear grating-structured GUV LED package is arranged in a provided viewing window on the outside of a quartz tube. The hollow quartz tube is connected to the concavely curved end face of the cylindrical lens structure of the LED so that the horizontal axis of the reflective linearly grid structured sterilization chamber runs parallel to the horizontal axis of the cylindrical lens structure. Apart from the transparent connection between the concave end face of the cylindrical lens structure and the viewing window, the outer wall of the quartz tube is coated with a highly reflective aluminum layer or vacuum-metallized with a reflective aluminum layer. The reflective sterilization chamber with linear grating structures has openings on both end sides, so that the fluid to be sterilized can flow through the chamber. This arrangement allows efficient UV disinfection and sterilization within the multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus.In the present multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus, the transmissive linear grid-structured GUV LED package is connected to the reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber. The reflecting sterilization chamber, which is structured linearly in grating, consists of a hollow aluminum tube, the inner surface of which is designed either as a continuously convexly curved cylindrical reflecting mirror or as a continuously concavely curved cylindrical reflecting mirror. The reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber has two open faces and may have a circular, rectangular or square internal structure, wherein the internal diameter or opening width of the chamber does not exceed 30 mm. At least one opening is provided on one side of the chamber, said opening serving as a viewing window for the installation of the radiating linear grid structured GUV LED package. The UV radiation enters the reflecting linearly grid-structured sterilization chamber from the outside through this opening and forms a linear grid radiation plane which runs perpendicular to the cylindrical reflection surface. The reflected or counter-reflected radiation has different phase positions, but remains within the same quadrant of the cross section of the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber. This increases the superposition of the radiation, thereby enhancing the radiation intensity and achieving uniform irradiation. This optimizes the device as a multiple linear grid-based GUV LED air and fluid sterilization chamber.In one of the exemplary embodiments described above, a similar transparent quartz tube is inserted inside the hollow aluminum tube, said transparent quartz tube serving as a viewing window for the installation of the radiating linear grid-structured GUV LED package. The UV radiation enters the quartz tube through this opening and passes further into the reflective, linear grating-structured sterilization chamber of the quartz tube. The radiation is directed from the outside inward into the reflective linearly grid structured sterilization chamber and forms a linear grid radiation plane which extends perpendicular to the cylindrical reflective surface. The reflected or counter-reflected radiation is again reflected by the outer, continuously cylindrical aluminum reflective layer, thereby returning the radiation once more to the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. Although the phase of the reflected and counter-reflected radiation differs, they remain within the same quadrant of the cross section of the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. This increases the superposition of the radiation, thereby enhancing the radiation intensity and achieving uniform irradiation. As a result, the device is suitable in particular as a sterilization chamber for water and other fluids. The inner diameter of the chamber is limited to a maximum of 30 mm. Since GUV radiation has high energy but a small penetration depth and water often contains ions such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, oxygen and nitrogen which affect the transmission of the GUV radiation, this limitation is deliberately provided to ensure reliable sterilization.The multi-linear grating-based GUV LED light source device according to the invention comprises a plurality of transmitting linear grating-structured GUV LED packages, wherein at least one or more of these light sources can be present. These GUV LED light sources may be disposed either on the same side or on different sides of the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber to increase the radiation intensity.In the transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package according to the invention, the wavelength of the emitted radiation is in the range from 234 nm to 313 nm. According to Einstein's quantum theory of light energy, the destruction of pathogen DNA or RNA is directly related to its absorption spectrum. Only the light quanta that can be absorbed have the necessary energy for chemical conversion and can break the chemical bonds of the DNA or RNA. Once these bonds are cleaved, the DNA or RNA loses its biological activity, thereby initiating the disinfection and sterilization process. According to the CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage), the absorption maximum for DNA is 265 nm, while the absorption spectrum extends between 234 nm and 313 nm. The present linear grating-based GUV LED light source operates within this spectrum and thus encompasses both a portion of the UVC and UVB wavelength ranges. By means of a cylindrical lens structure, the emitted radiation is modified according to the principle of Maddox-Rod transmission in such a way that it has a linear radiation characteristic. Since the light source is not punctiform, but consists of a plurality of radiation sources, a so-called linear grating projection is produced by the superposition of a plurality of parallel linear radiation projections. This forms the basis for the transmitting linear grid structured GUV LED package according to the invention.According to the invention, there is also provided a multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus comprising the structure described above. In at least one exemplary embodiment, an air intake system with a blower and an upstream filter is additionally provided. The air is actively drawn in and conducted through the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber of the multiple-transmission linear grid structured GUV LED packages. First, the air passes through the filter, which removes particles and foreign matter before entering the hollow sterilization chamber. There it is irradiated by UV radiation and sterilized. The cleaned air is then conducted via a nasal cannula into a protective equipment, wherein this can consist of a mask, a respirator, a nasal mask, a face mask, a head cap or a protective suit. This creates an overpressure in the protective equipment, which enables a safe supply of breathing air. In other embodiments, the sterilization device is attached to the air outlet of airtight protective equipment made of a polymer-based, non-air-permeable material. This protective equipment has an air or oxygen inlet opening, whereby an overpressure is produced in the interior. The used air is discharged via the outlet opening and, before leaving the protective equipment, is conducted through the multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device. This ensures that the discharged air is free of pathogens and the environment is protected from contamination, so that a germ-free environment is maintained.According to the invention, in at least one embodiment, the fluid sterilization device is used for sterilizing liquid media, for example in faucets, drinking water dispensers, water outlets, discharge openings, wastewater treatment plants, liquid waste processing equipment and medical waste liquid treatment systems, wherein it can be configured or combined accordingly. In at least one further exemplary embodiment, the fluid sterilizer additionally comprises a filter element arranged at the inlet of the reflective sterilization chamber structured in linear grating. As a result, the GUV LED device can be used as a disinfectant, sterilizer, air cleaner or as an air and fluid sterilization system.The present invention relates to a multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device which is operated according to the following method steps. First, the DC power supply unit is activated, wherein the power source is either a general power supply rectified to a DC voltage of at most DC 24 V, or comprises a battery. The electrical energy is forwarded to the control and power supply board via the power supply connection point. Subsequently, the transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package is activated, which emits UV radiation in the wavelength range from 234 to 313 nm. The radiation passes through a cylindrical lens structure, resulting in a linear grating radiation plane in which the beams run parallel to one another. The radiation then enters the viewing window apparatus which is disposed on the side wall of the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. This device may be either a UV transparent quartz window or an aperture provided for the entry of the GUV LED radiation. The radiation is directed from the outside inward into the reflective linearly grid structured sterilization chamber, running perpendicular to the column axis of the chamber. The reflective, linear grid structured sterilization chamber has two open ends and an inner surface which is designed as a cylindrical reflecting mirror. An provided radiation inlet opening on the side wall enables the targeted introduction of the GUV LED radiation. The radiation impinges on the inner wall of the chamber and is there multiply reflected or counter-reflected, whereby a linear grating radiation is produced within the chamber. The fluid to be sterilized flows through the chamber and is exposed to UV radiation. After sterilization, the treated fluid is discharged through the outlet opening of the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. By this arrangement, the UV radiation enters the reflective linearly grid structured sterilization chamber laterally, with the path of reflection of the beams being perpendicular to the cylindrical structure of the chamber. As a result, a linear grating radiation plane is formed within the chamber, which is oriented perpendicular to the column axis of the reflecting linear grating-structured sterilization chamber. The reflected and counter-reflected radiation remains within the same space quadrant, whereby the probability of the radiation superposition increases. This results in an increase in radiation intensity and more uniform irradiation within the chamber. In addition, the radiation paths are perpendicular to the cylindrical structure of the chamber, thereby leaving the UV radiation confined within the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. This prevents the radiation from emerging into the environment, which excludes secondary radiation exposure and environmental contamination.The measure according to the invention is used for the sterilization of fluids and can be used in devices such as faucets, drinking water dispensers, water outlets, drains, wastewater treatment plants, liquid waste processing equipment and medical waste liquid treatment systems. It is furthermore suitable for sterilizing breathing air, oxygen and medical exhaust gases.The sterilization chamber according to the invention not only serves as a flow chamber for the fluid to be treated, but also ensures that the sterilization radiation emitted by the GUV LED light source remains within the reflecting, linear grid structured sterilization chamber without exiting into the environment and loading it with UV radiation. GUV LED radiation is capable of effectively killing microorganisms without creating resistances. However, it may also have harmful effects on human skin and eyes. Therefore, it is critical to use the GUV LED radiation within a closed sterilization chamber instead of releasing it into the environment in an uncontrolled manner. In the treatment of continuously flowing air or water, the residence time of the fluid in the reflecting linear grid structured sterilization chamber is short, while the volume to be treated is large. Therefore, it is a particular challenge to control the GUV LED radiation in an open environment such that no radiation escapes into the environment. This selective control of the UV radiation is a characteristic feature of the present invention. In the present sterilization chamber, the radiation emitted from the GUV LED light source is first modified by a cylindrical lens structure such that the beams are perpendicular to the lens axis and project linear grating radiation. The radiation then enters the reflecting sterilization chamber structured linearly in a lateral viewing window. There, the radiation is again reflected and counter-reflected, as a result of which a second correction of the radiation path takes place. This produces within the chamber a multiple linear grating-based UV radiation structure in which the radiation planes are aligned parallel to one another. Since the radiation is multiply reflected within the reflecting, linear grating-structured sterilization chamber, a superposition of radiation planes is produced. Each reflection takes place at a different angle of incidence, as a result of which the direction of the counter reflection also changes. Nevertheless, the reflection direction always remains perpendicular to the cylindrical structure of the chamber and all radiation planes run parallel to one another, so that uniform and intensive irradiation is ensured. This arrangement is referred to as a multi-linear grating-based GUV-LED radiation structure. The multiply reflected radiation remains within the same space quadrant and thus increases the probability of radiation superposition, which leads to an amplification of the radiation intensity and a more uniform radiation distribution. As the radiation is reflected within the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber, the angle of reflection continuously varies according to the angle of incidence. This results in the UV radiation achieving full 360 degree coverage within the chamber. This also senses and eliminates pathogens located behind dust particles or other obstacles, thus minimizing the risk of an incomplete sterilization process. This constitutes a central advantage of the present sterilization chamber.The multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device of the invention utilizes its ability to de-infect and inactivate pathogens. The cleaned air is conveyed by a blower and conducted via a nasal cannula into a face mask, a respirator mask or a nose mask. The entry of the sterilized air into the area around the mouth and nose generates an overpressure which prevents pathogens from entering the airways due to a negative pressure. At the same time, the overpressure facilitates the oxygen transport into the lungs. The air exhaled by the body, having a high carbon dioxide concentration and thermal energy, is quickly discharged from the mask by the positive pressure. As a result, not only is the quality of the breathing air improved, but also the wearing comfort is increased, so that the health of the mask wearer is optimally protected.Moreover, the multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus of the present invention can be installed at the exhaust port of an airtight protection system comprising masks, respirators and nose masks. This arrangement allows sterilization of exhaled air from individuals who potentially excrete pathogens. The exhaled air is first passed through the sterilizer before it is discharged to the environment. This prevents pathogens from being widened further and infecting other persons. This application is particularly suitable for persons suffering from infectious diseases such as colds, tuberculosis, bird influenza or COVID-19, since it enables safe disposal of contaminated air.The multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus of the present invention utilizes its ability to sanitize and sterilize water and can be used at drinking water outlets to serve as a continuous flow water treatment system. Moreover, the apparatus can be extended by arranging a plurality of units in parallel to increase the water treatment capacity. This enables use in the household, for example for cleaning foods or for water treatment during bathing. Furthermore, the device can be installed at drainage locations with a potential risk of contamination, for example for disinfection of medical waste water. An example of this is the use in dentist's offices where it can be incorporated into flushing water systems to minimize the risk of pathogen spread.The invention and its embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawing shows: FIG. 1A is a schematic illustration of a "transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package with a concavely curved cylindrical lens structure; FIG. 1B shows a schematic illustration of a "transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package with a multiple concave curved cylindrical lens structure; FIG. 1C is a schematic illustration of a "transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package with a convexly curved cylindrical lens structure; FIG. 1D shows a schematic illustration of a "transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package with a multiple convexly curved cylindrical lens structure; FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the fluid sterilization apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a fluid sterilization apparatus having a cylindrical internal structure; FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a fluid sterilization apparatus having a cylindrical inner structure and a continuously convexly curved reflecting surface; FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of a fluid sterilization apparatus having a cylindrical inner structure and a continuously concavely curved reflecting surface; FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view of a fluid sterilization apparatus having a rectangular inner structure and a continuously convexly curved reflecting surface; FIG. 3E is a cross-sectional view of a fluid sterilization apparatus having a rectangular inner structure and a continuously concavely curved reflecting surface; FIG. 3F is a cross-sectional view of a fluid sterilization apparatus having a transparent cylindrical inner structure in combination with a highly reflective, continuously concavely curved reflective surface; FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the application of the fluid sterilization device for air sterilization in a vehicle air conditioning system; FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the use of the fluid sterilization apparatus in an open mask guard; FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the fluid sterilization apparatus in an active air sterilization unit; FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the application of the fluid sterilization apparatus in an over-pressure face mask; FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the use of the fluid sterilization apparatus in an over-pressure respirator; FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the use of the fluid sterilization apparatus in an over-pressure nasal mask; FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a plurality of interconnected fluid sterilization devices for increasing the flow capacity; and FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the sterilization process with the linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus according to the present invention.The GUV LED fluid sterilization device based on multiple linear gratings according to the present invention is explained in more detail below. In order to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention, suitable embodiments will be described below. These will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to precisely illustrate the technical contents of the invention.FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D show schematic cross-sectional views of the "transmitting linear grid structured GUV LED package 10 provided in this embodiment example. As shown in FIG. 1A, the light source comprises a GUV LED chip 101 encapsulated on a leadframe substrate plate 100 that emits germicidal UV radiation having a wavelength in the range from 234 to 313 nm, and a concavely curved cylindrical lens structure 102 made of a UV transmissive material arranged over the encapsulated GUV LED chip 101. As shown in FIG. 1B, another embodiment shows an alternative arrangement in which the GUV LED chip 101 is also encapsulated on the leadframe substrate board 100, but is provided with a multiple concave curved cylindrical lens structure 202. As shown in FIG. 1C, a convexly curved cylindrical lens structure 302 made of UV-transmissive material is encapsulated on the GUV LED chip 101. As shown in FIG. 1D, a multiple convexly curved cylindrical lens structure 402 is encapsulated on the GUV LED chip 101.The concave and convex curved cylindrical lens structures 102, 202, 302, 402 described above are made of a UV transmissive material selected from quartz, sapphire, fluoropolymers, polydimethylsiloxane [PDMS], or polyimide [PI]. During the encapsulation of the cylindrical lens structures 102, 202, 302, 402, a linear light beam is generated according to the principle of Maddox-Rod light transmission, which diverges from two sides perpendicularly to the respective cylindrical lens structures 102, 202, 302, 402. This limits the angle of emission of the GUV LED radiation to a parallel linear 2D sterilization light that extends outward to a grating light surface. This produces a multiplicity of parallel light beams which are emitted in the form of a linear grating structure. The length and range of the irradiation is determined by the curvature of the cylindrical lens structures 102, 202, 302, 402. In combination with the leadframe substrate board 100, the GUV LED die 101 is encapsulated in a manner to form the structure according to the present invention, referred to as transmissive linear grid patterned GUV LED packages 10.FIG. 2 shows a schematic embodiment of the multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus 20 according to the present invention. The device comprises an outer frame 111 which can be made of aluminium or a polymer material mixed with aluminium powder. On the side surface of the outer frame 111 is a viewing opening 116, through which a transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package 10 with a concavely curved cylindrical lens structure 102 according to FIG. 1A is inserted. The multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus 20 has a GUV LED fixing board 106 on which the GUV LED is fixed, and a control and power supply board 107 in charge of power management. On the control and power supply board 107, there is a power supply terminal 112 connected to a DC power source or a battery unit 113 described later. The concavely curved cylindrical lens structure 102 of the "transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package 10 is attached to the outer wall of a quartz tube 108. Except for the connection portion between the concave curved cylindrical lens structure 102 and the quartz tube 108 serving as the quartz window 115, the entire outer surface of the quartz tube 108 is coated or vacuum evaporated with an aluminum reflecting layer 110 to act as a concave curved cylindrical reflecting mirror for the radiation. The reflection within the cylindrical quartz tube 108 produces a linear grating structure running parallel to the cylinder cross-sectional plane, wherein the radiation intensity is increased by multiple reflections and counter-reflections. The interior of the quartz tube 108 forms a reflecting linearly-grid-structured sterilization chamber 103 whose diameter does not exceed 30 mm. This cavity serves as a flow space for the fluid to be sterilized. The two ends of the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber 103 are open so that the fluid can enter the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber 103 of the quartz tube 108 in the direction 109. After sterilization, the fluid exits through the outlet 114. The device is suitable for disinfection and sterilization of running water, drinking water, waste water and medical waste water and for air sterilization.Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E and 3F show schematic cross-sectional views of the multiple linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus 20. As shown in FIG. 3B, the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber is made of metallic aluminum or polytetrafluoroethylene and has an inner cylindrical reflecting mirror 1082 with a continuously corrugated, periodically alternating curvature, which forms the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber. As shown in FIG. 3C, the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber is made of metallic aluminum and has an inner cylindrical reflecting mirror 1083 having a periodically concave curved reflecting structure, thereby forming the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber. As shown in FIG. 3D, the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber is made of metallic aluminum or polytetrafluoroethylene and has a rectangular inner structure with a periodically convexly curved reflective structure 1084, thereby forming the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. As shown in FIG. 3E, the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber is made of metallic aluminum or polytetrafluoroethylene and has a rectangular inner structure with a periodically concavely curved reflective structure 1085, thereby forming the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber. As shown in FIG. 3F, the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber is formed by the combination of the cylindrical concave curved reflection mirror 1081 of FIG. 3A and the periodic concave curved reflection mirror 1083 of FIG. 3C. One of the aforementioned configurations may be used as a sterilization chamber, wherein the transmissive linear grid structured GUV LED package 10 is installed via an intended GUV LED opening 116 or a quartz window 115. The diameter or width of the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber is no more than 30 mm, thereby forming the entire structure as a multi-linear grating based GUV LED fluid sterilization device 20.FIG. 4 shows an example of use of the linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device 20 according to the invention. The device 20 is installed between the air inlet 42 and the air outlet window 41 of an air conditioner in a car or an aircraft, so that it can be used as an air sterilization device for vehicles and aircraft.As illustrated in FIG. 5, this application example is largely similar to the application example shown in FIG. 4, but is different in that the passive multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus 20 is additionally equipped with a battery, thereby forming a passive sterilization apparatus 200. This is integrated into an air-impermeable protective equipment 1000, which is made of organic material and is used, for example, as a respirator mask, nose mask or face mask. The device 200 is embedded near the nose region so that its outer part protrudes through an opening 1001 of the protective equipment 1000 and is provided with an outlet opening 1002 at the end. The linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus 20 is provided with a battery unit 113 inside the outer frame 111 to activate the transmissive linear grid-structured GUV LED package 10. The incident UV radiation from the side enters the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber 103 where the air is disinfected before being discharged through the outlet opening 1002. The reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber 103 has an air inlet opening 1004 through which air is directed into the interior of the protective equipment 1000, thereby creating a slight positive pressure. Near the mouth portion, a pleated structure 1003 is provided as an air expansion chamber, which serves as a buffer to absorb the rapid expansion of air during coughing. This will sanitize the exhal air laden with pathogens before it is discharged to prevent infection of other environmental persons. This device is particularly suitable for patients with infectious diseases or for occupations who have to be spoken of during the work in order to minimize the risk of infection.As shown in FIG. 6, the application example includes an active sterilization apparatus 800 additionally provided with an active blower 802 and an air cleaner 803. Power is supplied via a battery unit 113 mounted within the outer frame 111 on either the same or an opposite side. The apparatus 800 further comprises a GUV LED fixation board 106, a control and power supply board 107, and a reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber 103. One end of the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber 103 is connected to the distal end of a nose catheter 801, while the blower 802 is disposed between the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber 103 and the nose catheter 801. At the opposite end of the reflecting linear grating structured sterilization chamber 103, an air filter 803 is integrated to remove fine particles from the sucked air. The blower 802 actively draws in air irradiated by the transmitting linear grid structured GUV LED package 10. The air stream passes through the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber 103 where the air is sterilized. The disinfected, cleaned air is then directed through the nasal catheter 801 to the wearer's nose and discharged through the outlet opening 808 so that the wearer can inhale clean, sterile air. This forms an active fluid-based sterilization system.As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, this application example is largely similar to the application example shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 7, the sterile cleaned air is directed through the nasal catheter 801 into the interior of a face mask 804 near the nostril, so that an overpressure is created within the face shield 804. As shown in Figure 8, the sterile purified air is directed through the nasal catheter 801 into the interior of a respirator mask 805 near the nostril, creating an overpressure within the respirator mask 805. As shown in FIG. 9, the sterile purified air is directed through the nasal catheter 801 into the interior of a nasal mask 806 near the nostril, so that an overpressure is produced within the nasal mask 806.In the application examples shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, breathing is facilitated for the wearer by the overpressure generated in the face mask 804, the respirator mask 805 or the nose mask 806. The air is sterilized by the transmitting linear grid structured GUV LED package 10 before being inhaled by the wearer. The purified sterilized air is introduced into the face mask 804, respirator mask 805, or nose mask 806, thereby creating an over pressure inside. This overpressure facilitates the flow of breathing during inhalation, so that the air reaches the lungs with less effort. This allows the wearer to breathe without increased breathing resistance, reducing the risk of undersupply of oxygen to the blood and preventing feelings of vertigo. During exhalation, the overpressure ensures that used air and carbon dioxide are quickly discharged from the mask. At the same time, water vapor and excess heat are efficiently conducted to the outside. During rebreathing, the air contains a higher oxygen content and less carbon dioxide, while moist and warm air accumulations are avoided, which increases the wearing comfort and improves the oxygen supply of the blood. Moreover, since the over pressure prevents the ingress of contaminated outside air into face mask 804, respirator mask 805, or nose mask 806, the wearer is effectively protected from viral or bacterial infections. This technology is intended for use in positive pressure ventilated protection masks 804, 805, 806 and can also be extended to further head protection systems or respirators.Referring now to FIG. 10, a schematic illustration of a modular high performance embodiment of the multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus 20 is shown. At this time, the inlets and outlets of a plurality of sterilization apparatuses 20 are coupled to each other via external multipath connecting modules 10- 1, 10- 2 to enable extended fluid processing and to increase the capacity of sterilization.As shown in FIG. 11, the method for fluid sterilization using the multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus is shown. The method comprises the following steps: 11-1. Activation of the DC power supply:The power supply may be by a conventional power source rectified to a DC voltage of at most DC 24V, or by a battery unit 113. The electrical energy is passed on to the control and power supply board 107 via the power supply connection point 112.11-2. Activation of the "Transmissive Linear Grid Patterned GUV LED Package: The control and power board 107 provides the electrical energy to activate the transmissive linear grid patterned GUV LED package 10. This emits ultraviolet radiation in the range from 234 to 313 nm through the cylindrical lens structure, the light being emitted in parallel and forming a linear grating structure. 11-3. Radiation entrance into the viewing window device: The viewing window device is arranged on the side wall of the reflecting, linear grating-structured sterilization chamber 103 and can be either a quartz-based GUV LED-transmissive window 115 or an provided opening 116 for the radiation entrance. The UV radiation enters the reflecting sterilization chamber 103 with linear grating structure from the outside. 11-4. Fluid sterilization within the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber: UV radiation enters the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber 103 and is reflected by the cylindrical reflecting mirrors on the inner wall. The radiation intensity is amplified by multilinear grating-based reflections or counter-reflections. The fluid to be treated flows into the reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber 103 from the inlet direction 109, is exposed to the UV radiation and is subsequently discharged as sterilized fluid via the outlet opening 114 of the reflective linear grid-structured sterilization chamber 103.The method is based on the use of the following components: a DC power supply; b transmitting linear grid structured GUV LED package; c viewing window device for radiation entry; and d sterilization chamber.The invention thus relates to a multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device comprising the following steps. First, the DC power supply is activated, the power supply being composed of a general power source rectified to a DC voltage of at most DC 24 V, or a battery, the electric power of which is transferred to the control and power supply board via the power supply connection point. Subsequently, the transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package is activated, which emits UV radiation in the wavelength range from 234 to 313 nm. This radiation is passed through a transparent cylindrical lens structure, thereby projecting a linear grating radiation with parallel alignment. The radiation then enters the viewing window device, which is arranged on the side wall of the reflecting sterilization chamber structured in linear gratings and enables targeted irradiation from the outside to the inside. Within the reflective, linear grating structured sterilization chamber, the incident UV radiation impinges on the interior surfaces of the chamber and is multiply reflected or counter-reflected by the continuously columnar reflecting mirrors. This produces a multiple linear grating-based reflection structure which amplifies the beam intensity. The fluid to be sterilized passes through the chamber and is exposed to UV radiation before being discharged through the opposing aperture. By this sequence of steps and the particular arrangement of the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber, the linear grating radiation emitted by the GUV LED light source interacts with the rays reflected or counter-reflected within the chamber. This produces a multiple linear grid structure which is oriented perpendicular to the cylindrical structure and remains within the same sterilization chamber without escaping into the environment. The repeated change of direction of the counter-reflected beams within the same spatial region provides 360 degree irradiation, so that pathogens are completely exposed. At the same time, the probability of superposition of radiations increases, thereby achieving efficient and uniform sterilization and forming the present multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus.The above-described embodiments are only for explaining the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable persons skilled in the art to understand the operation of the invention and facilitate its implementation. However, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. All technical modifications or equivalent changes made based on the essential concept of the invention also fall within the scope of the invention.List of reference characters11-1 According to any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the following claims are applied to the present invention: According to any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the following claims are applied to the present invention: According to any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the following claims are applied to the following claims: According to the present invention: According to any of the above-described embodiments, the following claims: According to the present invention, the following claims: According to any of the following claims: According to the following Examples: According to any of the following Examples: To 11-4 Step 10, Transmitting linear grating structured GUV LED package 20 multiple linear grating based GUV LED fluid sterilizer 41 air outlet window 42 air inlet 100 lead frame substrate board 101 GUV LED chip 102, 202, 302, 402 lens structure 103 reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber 106 GUV LED fixing board 107 control and power supply board 108 quartz tube 109 direction 110 reflective aluminum layer 111 outer frame 112 power supply connection point 113 battery unit 114 outlet 115 quartz window 116 GUV LED opening 200 passive multiple grating based G, Multi-linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device 801 nasal catheter 802 active blower 803 air filter 804 face mask 805 respirator mask 806 nasal mask 808 exhaust port 1000 protection equipment 1001 port 1002 exhaust port 1003 air expansion chamber 1004 air inlet port 1081 to 1085 reflecting mirror 10-1 multipath connecting module 10-2 multipath connecting module

Claims

A multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device, comprising: a) a DC power supply system, wherein the DC power supply system has a general power source with a DC voltage of at most DC 24 V or a battery (113) and a control and power supply board (107) as power supply unit; b) a radiating linear grating-structured GUV LED package (10), which can be supplied with electrical energy and activated via the control and power supply board (107), wherein the radiating linear grating-structured GUV LED package (10) emits UV radiation in the wavelength range from 234 to 313 nm and comprises an LED unit provided with a cylindrical lens structure, which emits UV radiation with a linear grating structure; c) a radiation inlet device, wherein said device is located on one or both sides of the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) and is configured as a quartz-based viewing window (115) or as an provided opening (116), in order to introduce the UV radiation from the radiating linear grating-structured GUV-LED package (10) into the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103), wherein the radiation penetrates through the radiating linear grating-structured GUV-LED package (10) from the outside to the inside into the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) and forms a multi-linear grating-based GUV-LED fluid sterilization device there by reflection and counter reflection; d) a reflecting linear grating structured sterilization chamber (103) having two open ends, wherein the inner surface of the reflecting linear grating structured sterilization chamber (103) has a concave curved cylindrical structure, a continuously convex curved or a continuously concave curved reflecting surface, and the inner diameter of the reflecting linear grating structured sterilization chamber (103) does not exceed 30 mm.The multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in - that the transmissive linear grating-structured GUV LED package (10) comprises a UV LED emitting UV radiation in the wavelength range of 234 to 313 nm and an LED unit encapsulated with a cylindrical lens structure, wherein the cylindrical lens structure is formed in one of the following shapes: a concavely curved cylindrical end surface, a convexly curved cylindrical end surface, a continuously concavely curved cylindrical lens structure or a continuously convexly curved cylindrical lens structure; and - that the cylindrical lens structure consists of a UV transmissive material selected from quartz, fluoropolymers, polydimethyl siloxane or polyimide.The multiple linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sterilization device comprises at least one or more radiating linear grating-structured GUV LED packages (10) installed on one or more sides of the reflecting linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) in a viewing window and serving as a GUV radiation source for fluid sterilization.The multiple linear grating based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in - that the reflective linear grating structured sterilization chamber (103) consists of a hollow quartz tube with two open ends, the outer surface of which is coated with a highly reflective aluminum layer or vacuum metallized with aluminum; - that the chamber has at least one or more transparent viewing windows (115) / openings (116) serving as through channels for the radiation of the linear grating based GUV LED light source (10); and - that the inner diameter of the viewing windows (115) or openings (116) is less than 30 mm, whereby the chamber is used as a fluid sterilization space for the radiation exposure of the fluid to be treated.The multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that - the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) is made of a material comprising metallic aluminum and polytetrafluoroethylene; - the inner structure of the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) is selected from a group consisting of a rectangular and a cylindrical shape; - the inner surface of the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) is selected from a group consisting of a continuously convexly curved cylindrical reflection mirror and a continuously concavely curved cylindrical reflection mirror; - the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) comprises an provided opening (116) serving as a viewing window for the radiation of the transmitting linear grating-structured GUV LED package (10); and the reflective linear grid structured sterilization chamber (103) having two open ends and having an inner diameter of less than 30 mm so that the fluid to be treated can flow through the chamber and be exposed to UV radiation.The multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 5, characterized in - that the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) consists of a hollow metal tube made of aluminum or polytetrafluoroethylene with two open ends; - that the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) has an provided opening (116) on the side surface as a passage channel for the radiation of the linear grating-based GUV LED light source (10); and - that a transparent quartz tube section with an inner diameter of less than 30 mm is arranged inside the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103), which serves as a fluid sterilization space for the radiation exposure.The multi-linear grating-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to any one of claims 4 and 6, characterized in that the reflective linear grating-structured sterilization chamber (103) is made of quartz and is usable for the sterilization of water, wastewater or industrial wastewaters.The multiple linear grating GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that a battery unit (113) is integrated within the outer frame (111), which battery unit takes over the power supply, whereby the device is operable as a passive multiple linear grating GUV LED fluid sterilization device.The multiple linear grid GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a blower (802) on one face, wherein an air filter (803) is provided on the opposite face, and wherein the outer frame (111) includes an integrated battery unit (113) as a common power supply source, whereby the apparatus is operable as an active multiple linear grid GUV LED fluid sterilization apparatus.The multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device of claim 9, further comprising a nasal catheter (801) over which the sterile purified air can be directed into a protective kit, wherein the protective kit is selected from a group consisting of a face mask (804), a respirator mask (805), a nasal mask (806), a headgear and a respirator so that an overpressure is created in the breathing area of the nose and the device acts as a positive pressure ventilated mask system.The multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device according to claim 8, characterized in that the fluid sterilization device is arranged at the outlet opening (1002) of an air impermeable protective equipment (1000), wherein the protective equipment (1000) comprises a pleated structure (1003) in the vicinity of the mouth area for receiving the amount of air suddenly increasing during coughing, wherein the air consumed within the protective equipment (1000) is first conducted through the passive GUV LED fluid sterilization chamber (103) before the sterile purified air is discharged from the protective equipment (1000) via the outlet opening (1002).The multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization device of claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of the multiple linear grid-based GUV LED fluid sterilization devices (20) are coupled to their inlet and outlet ports via external multipath connection modules (10-1, 10-2), resulting in a high performance design with increased fluid processing capacity.

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