Bearings for absorbing bearing forces between components

Abstract

Bearing for absorbing bearing forces between components, in particular spherical bearings, with a tilting part (1) and a bearing element (2), wherein a sliding surface (5) is formed between the tilting part (1) and the bearing element (2), characterized in that a securing device (4) is accommodated in the tilting part (1) and the bearing element (2), which securing device allows relative tilting movements and rotational movements of the tilting part (1) with respect to the bearing element (2) and holds the bearing together against lifting forces.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a bearing for absorbing bearing forces between components according to the preamble of claim 1. Such bearings are used for the movable connection of two components. In particular, they are used in road construction on bridges to movably support the bridge on a bridge pier.

[0002] It is well known that bridges are supported, at least partially, on a stationary component in a movable manner. Horizontally acting sliding devices are used in particular to compensate for differences in thermal expansion, etc. Spherical or pot bearings are used, allowing for slight rotation of the bridge relative to the bridge pier. Lifting forces on such bearings should be avoided whenever possible, but are sometimes unavoidable for structural reasons.

[0003] DE-GM 19 11 563 discloses a bearing with a support body and a tilting element designed as a spherical shell. A plastic film is provided between the support body and the spherical shell. The bearing components are held together by a tie rod clamped to a bridge section and screwed into the support body. This design has the disadvantage that the tie rod is subjected to bending stresses due to the clamping to the bridge section during tilting movements of the bearing, which can lead to fatigue damage over time.

[0004] It is the object of the present invention to create a bearing which allows rotational and tilting movements, but at the same time absorbs lifting forces which entail the risk of gap formation in the bearing, in such a way that the bearing is held together in a simple manner by the bearing elements.

[0005] This object is achieved with a bearing as proposed in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

[0006] If the tilting part of the bearing is held movably on the bearing element by a locking device, the bearing can absorb not only compressive forces but also tensile forces. This is particularly advantageous in bridge construction, where uplift forces also occur for structural reasons. The locking device only slightly restricts the mobility between the tilting part and the bearing element, allowing the tilting part and the bearing element to be moved relative to each other. This movement can occur independently of the occurrence of vertical forces.

[0007] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the securing device is formed by a bolt that at least partially penetrates the tilting part and the bearing element. This does not affect the rotatability of the bearing, since the tilting part and the bearing element can rotate relative to each other about the bolt axis. Designing the securing device as a bolt with a thinner central section and a thicker clamping head is also extremely cost-effective and easy to manufacture.

[0008] Preferably, the bolt is received on one side in a form-fitting manner in the tilting part or the bearing element so that it forms a unit with this part, and is surrounded by a gap on its other side. This means that the bolt is held movably on this side. Preferably, the bolt has a flange area on the side surrounded by the gap between the clamping head and the thinner central area, which is in contact with the tilting part or bearing element. If this flange area is adapted to the curvature of the sliding surface between the bearing element and the tilting part, the bolt does not hinder movement along the sliding surface, but forms an additional guide surface on the flange area. The bolt can be connected to the bearing element via connecting elements or form-fittingly via a clamping foot.

[0009] If the bearing is equipped with a sliding plate, a sliding movement can be realized in addition to the rotary movement. If two flat sliding surfaces are provided that can be moved perpendicular to the pin axis, eccentricities in the bearing are avoided. Furthermore, there are no restrictions on the amount of displacement.

[0010] The invention is described in more detail below using two exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Fig. 1 a spherical bearing according to a first embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 the spherical bearing of the Fig. 1 with a sliding device; and Fig. 3 the spherical bearing of the Fig. 1 when installed between two components.

[0011] According to a first preferred embodiment of the invention ( Fig. 1 to 3), a tilting part 1 is arranged on a bearing element 2, with a spherical sliding surface 5 formed between them. The sliding surface 5 is formed from a concave or convex plate which are separated from one another by a sliding pair. The sliding pair contains a sliding material based on, for example, PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and / or polyamide on one side of the plates. A bolt 4 is received in the tilting part 1 and the bearing element 2, which bolt is received in a form-fitting manner in the tilting part 1 and is connected to the bearing element 2 via connecting elements 41. In a central region 42 of the bolt 4, the sliding surface 5 meets the circumference of the bolt 4. In the tilting part 1, the bolt 4 has a clamping head 43 which is surrounded in the radial direction by a gap 44, such that the tilting part 1 is held movable relative to the bolt 4. The bolt 4 has a flange area between the clamping head 43 and the central area 42, which rests against the tilting part 1.The flange area can be conical to provide a simple locking device. In this case, however, the flange area is curved so that the bolt 4 can be displaced along the sliding surface 5 on the flange area. Depending on the manufacturing process, the bolt 4 can be formed in one or more parts.

[0012] The tilting part 1 is as shown in Fig. 2 is surrounded by a sliding plate 7, which allows movement in at least one direction perpendicular to the bolt axis. The sliding plate 7 is arranged with a wraparound portion 8 relative to the tilting part 1. The wraparound portion 8 surrounds an edge 3 of the tilting part 1.

[0013] Between the sliding plate 7 and the tilting part 1, a flat sliding surface A is formed, which in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is shown with dashed lines. The flat sliding surface A can absorb compressive forces acting on the spherical bearing.

[0014] An additional flat sliding surface B is formed between an outer side of the tilting part 1 facing away from the flat sliding surface A and an inner side of the wraparound 8. The additional flat sliding surface B is in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is shown with dashed lines. The additional flat sliding surface B can absorb tensile forces acting on the spherical bearing.

[0015] A gap is formed between the edge 3 of the tilting part 1 and the wraparound portion 8. This allows the flat sliding surface A and the additional flat sliding surface B to be displaced horizontally relative to the tilting part 1.

[0016] According to Fig.3, the sliding plate 7 is connected to a first component 11, for example, a bridge 11, via a first anchor plate 6. The first component 11 is fastened to the first anchor plate 6 via several anchors 12. For example, the anchor 12 is formed by headed bolts. The bearing element 2 is connected to a second component 13 via a second anchor plate 10. The second anchor plate 10 is connected to the component 13, for example, a bridge pier 13, via suitable fastening elements 14, for example, headed bolts.

[0017] When the tilting part 1 moves relative to the bearing element 2, a sliding movement occurs on the sliding surface 5 and on the flange area of ​​the bolt 4 in the tilting part 1. The tilting part 1 is not displaceable in the direction of the bolt axis. Since the tilting part 1 has a convex surface, according to this embodiment, the tilting part 1 is displaceable along the sliding surface 5 and otherwise freely rotatable.

[0018] In a second embodiment (not shown), the tilting part 1 has a concave surface. The sliding surface 5 is correspondingly convex in this embodiment. Since the tilting part 1 has a concave surface, according to this embodiment, the tilting part 1 is displaceable along the convex sliding surface 5 and otherwise freely rotatable. Reference symbol 1 tilting part 2 bearing element 3 Edge of the tilting part 4 bolts 41 fasteners 42 Middle area of ​​the bolt 43 Clamping head of the bolt 5 Sliding surface 6 First anchor plate 7 Sliding plate 8 clamping element 10 Second anchor plate 11 First component; bridge 12 anchors 13 Second component; bridge piers 14 fasteners A, Flat sliding surface B Additional flat sliding surface

Claims

[1] Bearing for absorbing bearing forces between components, in particular spherical bearings, with a tilting part (1) and a bearing element (2), wherein a sliding surface (5) is formed between the tilting part (1) and the bearing element (2), characterized by that a securing device (4) is accommodated in the tilting part (1) and the bearing element (2), which allows relative tilting movements and rotational movements of the tilting part (1) with respect to the bearing element (2) and holds the bearing together against lifting forces. [2] Bearing according to claim 1, characterized by that the securing device is formed by a bolt (4) which at least partially passes through the tilting part (1) and the bearing element (2). [3] Bearing according to claim 2, characterized by that the bolt (4) has a thin central region (42) and a thicker clamping head (43). [4] Bearing according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized bythat the bolt (4) is positively received in the bearing element (2) on one side and is surrounded by an annular gap (44) on its other side. [5] Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the sliding surface (5) is spherical. [6] Bearing according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized by in that the bearing element (2) is concave and the tilting element (1) is convex, the bolt (4) is positively received in the bearing element (2) and a gap (44) is formed in the tilting part (1) in the radial direction to the bolt (4), wherein a tapered flange region between the clamping head (43) and the central region (42) of the bolt (4) bears against the tilting part (1). [7] Bearing according to claim 6, characterized by that the flange area is spherical, the curvature of this area being matched to the curvature of the sliding surface (5). [8] Bearing according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by that the bearing element is convex and the tilting element is concave, the bolt is positively received in the tilting element and a gap is formed in the bearing element in the radial direction to the bolt, wherein a tapered flange region of the bolt is directly connected to the bearing element. [9] Bearing according to claim 8, characterized by that the flange area is spherical, the curvature of this area being matched to the curvature of the sliding surface. [10] Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the bearing is equipped with a sliding plate (7). [11] Bearing according to claim 10, characterized by that a flat sliding surface (A) running perpendicular to the bolt axis is formed between the sliding plate (7) and the tilting part (1). [12] Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat two flat sliding surfaces (A, B) are provided, each displaceable in one direction. [13] Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the bearing element (2) is connected to a stationary component (13) and the tilting part (1) is connected to a movably mounted component (11) via at least one sliding plate (7). [14] Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a layer made of one of PTFE, UHMWPE, POM and polyamide is provided on the sliding surface (5). [15] Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the bearing element (2) is connected to a bridge pier (13) and the tilting element (1) is connected to a bridge (11).

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