Device for stabilizing screw-type aircraft with multiple helicopter groups

Description

[0001] Device for stabilizing screw-type aircraft with multiple helicopter groups. The invention relates to a device for Stabilization of screw-type aircraft with multiple helicopter groups. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the screw groups have four vertical pressure centers result, which are assigned in pairs according to the diagonals connecting them, such that at the ends of each Diagonal and perpendicular pressures can be changed without changing the total buoyancy force.

[0002] These changes are effected with the aid of a single hand lever. Previously, it was only possible to change the pressure forces or to enable the direction of pressure of individual screws or screw groups without simultaneously changing the forces or Force directions of the other screws or screw groups. Therefore, the changes in the machine's direction of movement under "-aren" are also Maintaining equilibrium is only possible with the help of lifting screws.

[0003] According to the invention, the arrangement is such that the two axes of oscillation, which are caused by changes in the load-bearing screw forces, form an angle of approximately 0° between them. The operator can, as required, swing the device around a horizontal axis. by acting on the two pressure lines sequentially or, better yet, simultaneously, using a single steering lever.

[0004] The connection of this steering lever to the support screws is illustrated in the drawings. The two pressure centers, which The pressure lines lying on each of the two pressure lines are assigned to each other by means of a differential gear, which is driven by the power source, which comes from one or It consists of several motor groups that receive the necessary irraff to drive the lifting propellers. The differential gears are under the control of the Steering lever. This allows the pressure of the screws to be changed by means of a device for changing the relative rotational speed. or also by means of a device for changing the angle of attack o1#ler or a combination of both devices.

[0005] When four motor groups are arranged, they are directly influenced by the steering lever, with the screws of each The pressure center is connected to one of these motor groups without additional control devices – grounding. The change in the motor- Power through the steering lever can be achieved by any known means, for example by changing the supplied Gas engineering joints.

[0006] The drawings schematically illustrate various embodiments of the subject matter of the invention.

[0007] Figures i and 2 show a screw-type aircraft with four lifting screws.

[0008] The diagonally opposite screws are assigned to each other. The diagonals are perpendicular to each other. To The drive is provided by two motors, 5 and 6, with motor 5 driving the differential gear. Of course, only a single motor can also be used. w:lclier is then simultaneously coupled to both differentials. For the transmission of forces to the support screws 13, 14, 15, 16 (the shafts 9, 10, 11 and 12 Urfiter mediation of chain gear drives.

[0009] The change in the vertical pressures of the support screws is achieved by brakes 1, 18, 19 and 20. These brakes are all are actuated by a vertical lever 21, 22, which is mounted in a ball joint 22 so as to be oscillatable in two main directions moved «can be grounded, one of which -i-1, @I1 lies in the plane of the axes of the support screws 13, 14 and the other _t=, V2 lies in a plane which parallel with that of the axes of the support screws 15, 10.

[0010] As soon as the lever is tilted towards x', screw 13 is braked, which runs slower at the expense of screw 1.1, whose Speed ​​increases. As a result, the device rotates around axis 11, 12 in such a way that it lowers at 13 and rises at 14. `Fenn Conversely, if the steering linkage is moved against y', screw 1.1 is braked. It rotates more slowly, while screw 13 increases its speed. increased. The device will then also rotate around the axis i 1, 12, but in the opposite direction to before.

[0011] The same effect is achieved by movements of Kies steering lever in the plane _r', v`. The vibrations of the device then occur uni rlie axis 9, 1o.

[0012] If the steering lever 21, 22 is moved against .r, then the screws 13, 16 are braked simultaneously, while the other finite The power increases accordingly. As a result, the device runs at _r and rises at V.

[0013] In a device according to Figs. i and 2, it is only necessary that the distances h and 1 of the axes of the @chrauLen of the heal The groups are the same.

[0014] Fig. 3 shows a top view of an arrangement finite with a larger number of support screws, which also has four centers of perpendicular The resulting pressures lie on two intersecting lines. In this case, one set of support screws is formed from the groups 13, 13 and 14., 14. the other, however, through the groups i5, 15 and 16, 16.

[0015] The control of this device is identical to that shown in Figures 1 and 2. The characteristic feature of the diagonal Control, which consists of tilting the apparatus in the direction of the steering linkage, enables the driver's seat to be positioned outside the to relocate the level of the station and arrange it in any arbitrary position.

[0016] Fig. d. shows a top view of a device in which the seat of the driver is located in the bisector line of the differential gear. With this arrangement, it is possible to drive both differentials by a single motor unit.

[0017] If the screws 13, 15 (Fig. 1) are given the same and opposite rotation as the screws 1d, 16, then in the sense of the horizontal normal movement in the direction ' any C-nsvinmetry in the eccentric lifting forces is avoided. The diagonals therefore ])smoke The two faces are not perpendicular to each other; the angle can be different from 9°. The lengths of the diagonals, however, are equal.

[0018] All devices can of course be fitted with additional components, e.g. Sch-, vanzsteuer 24 (Fig. 3 and d.), and also wings, horizontal Acting pull and drive screws, etc.

[0019] In Fig. 5, the plan view of a screw-type aircraft is shown with three centers of vertical pressures, where these pressures are the effect are subjected to two differentials in such a way that four controllable pressure centers result. Figure 6 shows a device in which The four centers of gravity of the vertical pressures are dependent on three differential gears. The only 'motor group .1 .3' drives through bevel gears. a differential dd., clessen shaft: drives the differentials 45 and .16. Two support screws are controlled from each of these differentials, and namely .17 and .1 .8 front differential 45, .I9 1111,11 5o from differential1.16.

[0020] The brakes 51 and 52 allow the speed of the entirety of the two screws or screw groups .17, 48 in relation to two screw or shroud groups 49, 50. In each of these two groups, the engaged differential 45 allows for the first and 46 for the second group the change in relative (feschwin(liglceit.

[0021] .\lit In this arrangement, it is sufficient to obtain the effects as with diagonal steering by using the single steering lever with the to connect the hegeling organs, in such a way that, if load shifts occur in the (ler plane d 5, 46, this lever is directed towards the l#,>egelttiigsorgaiie 51, 5 2 acts and if load shifts occur in a plane perpendicular to the aforementioned, "ler steering lever simultaneously acts on the organs 53, 54. 55@ 56 acts by having the same effects in (the same sense) on the organs 53, 55 and the aforementioned opposite, but among themselves identical effects. and exerts similar effects on (the organs 54 and 56).

[0022] If the arrangement is such that each pressure center has its own motor assembly, a lever 5 (Fig. ; and 8) can be attached. in a ball joint 58, connect with cables 59, ()o, 61, 62, each of which leads to an organ for regulating the power of a motor of the The device acts, for example, by shifting the lever from 5 to 57' along a line _t--v, thus increasing the power of the motor. which can be controlled with the help of cables 59 and 6i and a reduction in the power of the motor controlled by the hal.;el6o and 62 takes place, which means that the screw-type aircraft executes a 1 =rehurig tun an axis perpendicular to the line _r-v.

[0023] Finally, it should be mentioned that the present invention also includes the prevention of the lever for regulating the equilibrium. of a screw-plane, any horizontal axis, finite equilibrium control organs of the screw-plane according to a vertical includes, i.e., organs that allow the combined loving force of all lifting screws to be altered for this purpose, and the hang glider. in .senvertecht Dichtung steigen oller fallen zu lassen.

[0024] For this purpose, for example, the l.enkliebel finit can be a handle for gas control, the operation of which is independent of (The steering lever is and is permitted to act on all motors to drive the lifting screws in the same way.

[0025] Of course, the various arrangements described above can be used not only on their own, but also in combination with each other. @'ei-w:ndtitig find.

Claims

[0026] PATENT CLAIMS: i. Device for stabilizing screw-type aircraft with multiple helicopter groups, thereby characterized in that the four pressure centers are assigned to each other in pairs according to the diagonals connecting them, such that at the ends of each The diagonals allow the perpendicular pressures to be changed without altering the total buoyant force of the groups of diagonals.

2. Device according to claim i, characterized in that the two helicopter groups of each diagonal are connected by means of a differential gear. 3 Device according to claim 2, characterized in that (-lie differential gear for driving the two screw groups diagonally by. Two independent motors or groups of motors are driven. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that, that the differential gears for driving the two screw groups of each diagonal by one and the same motor or one and the same Motor group driven «-ground.

5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the differential gears for the drive) of the two Screw groups of each diagonal are driven simultaneously by a third differential gear, which derives its drive (for a single Motor or a single motor group.

6. Device according to claim i, characterized in that the screws are distributed into three groups. are (driven by a single motor). Actuating device for the means of regulating the pressure of the screw groups according to the Claims i to 6, characterized by the connection of the differential gear finite .a vertical steering lever which is tiltable in all directions and is connected to the differentials in such a way that a tilting of the lever in any particular, given direction results in a regulation of the The equilibrium of the screw-type aircraft in the same direction is caused by its horizontal axis, which is inclined to the aforementioned vertical axis.