FOAMSABLE, INSULATING MULTI-COMPONENT COMPOSITION WITH IMPROVED STORAGE STABILITY AND ITS USE

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a foamable, insulation-forming multi-component composition and its use.

[0002] Polyurethanes are often used as binders for assembly, insulation, and fire protection foams. These can be applied as 1K or 2K aerosol cans, or as 2K cartridge foams. In the former case, the system requires high humidity to cure. In the latter two cases, curing is achieved via the polyol / water component. The hardener component, the isocyanate, has long been considered a hazardous substance.

[0003] One approach to solving this problem is the so-called "low-MDI foams", in which isocyanate prepolymers with an isocyanate content of, for example, less than 1% or even 0.1% are used, as described, for example, in DE 102010038355 A1 or DE 10357093 A1.

[0004] Another solution is based on the use of "modified silanes" (also known as STP, silane-terminated polymers). These polymers, which often have a polyurethane or polyether backbone, cure via hydrolysis and polycondensation of the alkoxysilyl groups. Such foams are commercially available as insulation foams in pressurized cans. The can foams are generally foamed using a physical blowing agent. Such systems are known, for example, from WO 2000 / 004069 A1, US 2006 / 189705 A, WO 2013 / 107744 A1, or WO 2013 / 045422 A1.

[0005] A disadvantage for the fire properties of canned foams that use physical blowing agents, which also serve as solvents for the prepolymers, is that only low densities can be achieved. To generate stable ash in the event of a fire, densities greater than 100 g / l are generally required, which are hardly achievable with conventional canned foams. Another disadvantage is the severely limited usability of fillers, which are necessary for good fire protection properties, from the can, because the settling behavior, valve operability, and storage stability of the prepolymers are problematic. Post-foaming after the foam has been dispensed from the can is also disadvantageous, as the foam continues to react with atmospheric moisture. After the canned foams cure due to atmospheric moisture, curing "in bulk" is slow or even incomplete, i.e.Normal curing on the surface, but slower curing in depth due to lack of moisture there.

[0006] In addition to single-component STP canned foams, two- or multi-component systems are also known, for example from EP 1829908 A1, EP 2725044 A1, or WO 2014 / 064039 A1. However, the known STP canned foams and two-component systems are not fire protection foams and do not contain fire protection additives.

[0007] EP 3095809 A1 describes a foamable, intumescent multicomponent composition comprising at least one alkoxysilane-functional polymer, at least one intumescent fire-protection additive, a blowing agent mixture, and a crosslinking agent. The described composition is characterized in that the individual components of the blowing agent mixture are separated from one another in a reaction-inhibiting manner prior to use of the composition, and the crosslinking agent is separated from the alkoxysilane-functional polymer in a reaction-inhibiting manner prior to use of the composition. A disadvantage of one of the compositions described in EP 3095809 A1 is that it contains a metal catalyst.

[0008] The inventors have now discovered that the presence of a metal catalyst and amines, particularly aminosilanes, negatively impacts the storage stability of the composition. Furthermore, some of the metal catalysts, such as tin catalysts, are harmful to health, which leads to mandatory labeling and thus lower customer acceptance.

[0009] The invention is based on the object of providing foams, in particular in-situ foams and especially storage-stable in-situ foams, which do not have the disadvantages of the known systems and which are suitable for fire protection.

[0010] This object is achieved by the composition according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments can be found in the subclaims.

[0011] The invention accordingly relates to a foamable, insulation-forming multi-component composition comprising at least one alkoxysilane-functional polymer which has, in its termination and / or as side groups along the polymer chain, at least two alkoxy-functional silane groups of the general formula (I) -Si(R 1< ) m (OR 2< ) 3-m (I), wherein R 1< is a linear or branched C 1 -C 16 alkyl radical, R 2< is a linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical and m is an integer from 0 to 2, at least one crosslinking agent which is separated from the alkoxysilane-functional polymer in a reaction-inhibiting manner prior to use of the composition and is water or a water-containing component, a blowing agent mixture whose individual components are separated from one another in a reaction-inhibiting manner prior to use of the composition, at least one intumescent fire protection additive and 7 to 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of liquid flame retardants and liquid compounds which are each miscible with water, wherein the polymer has a dynamic viscosity in the range from 5 to 27 Pa s,preferably in the range of 7 to 25 Pa·s and more preferably in the range of 10 to 21 Pa·s and comprises a backbone selected from the group consisting of an alkyl chain, a polyether, polyester, polyetherester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyesterurethane, polyetherurethane, polyetheresterurethane, polyamideurethane, polyurea, polyamine, polycarbonate, polyvinylester, polyacrylate, polyolefin, polyisobutylene, polysulfide, rubber, neoprene, phenolic resin, epoxy resin and melamine, with the proviso that the composition does not contain a metal catalyst, wherein the at least one liquid flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of diethylethanephosphonate, triethylphosphate, dimethylpropylphosphonate and dimethylmethanephosphonate, and wherein the at least one liquid compound is selected from the group consisting of acetone, sulfolane, ethanol, methanol and mixtures thereof.

[0012] Surprisingly, it was discovered that better mixing of the aforementioned foamable, intumescent multi-component composition and rapid curing of the resulting foam can be achieved by adding one or more compounds to the composition that are soluble in the curing agent, namely water or an aqueous solution. These compounds are liquid flame retardants and liquid compounds, each of which is miscible with water.

[0013] However, at low levels of such substances, i.e., below 7 wt.%, based on the weight of the total composition, the foam formed by the blowing agent often collapses. To achieve rapid curing even without the presence of a catalyst, especially a metal catalyst, the composition must contain a certain amount of the water-soluble compounds described above. The more of such a substance present, the better the mixing. As a result, the foam does not collapse and cures faster, and the pores of the resulting foam are more homogeneous and smaller. However, too high a proportion of the water-soluble flame retardant or liquid compound is just as detrimental as too low a proportion. Above 23 wt.%, the density of the composition increases to such an extent that the foam yield decreases.At the same time, the composition cures too quickly, at least initially, which in turn negatively impacts foam formation, partially hindering or even preventing foam formation, which can lead to the foam becoming brittle. This negatively impacts the properties, especially the fire protection properties, of the cured composition.

[0014] A further advantage of the composition is its improved storage stability, which is due to the absence of a catalyst, in particular a metal catalyst.

[0015] For a better understanding of the invention, the following explanations of the terminology used herein are considered useful. Within the meaning of the invention: means " Flame retardants " (often also called fire retardant) a substance that can limit, slow down or prevent the spread of fire; means " miscible with water" the property of a substance to mix with water in a homogeneous distribution; is a " polymer " a molecule having six or more repeating units, which may have a structure that may be linear, branched, star-shaped, coiled, hyperbranched, or cross-linked; polymers may have a single type of repeating unit ("homopolymers") or they may have more than one type of repeating unit ("copolymers"); as used herein, the term " polymer "both prepolymers, which may also comprise oligomers with 2 to 5 repeating units, such as the alkoxysilane-functional compounds used as component A, which react with each other in the presence of water to form Si-O-Si bonds, as well as the polymeric compounds formed by the above-mentioned reaction; means " chemical intumescence"the formation of a voluminous, insulating ash layer by coordinated compounds that react with each other when exposed to heat; means " physical intumescence" the formation of a voluminous, insulating layer by the expansion of a compound which, without any chemical reaction having taken place between two compounds, releases gases when heated, whereby the volume of the compound increases many times over its original volume; means " insulating layer "that in case of fire a solid microporous coal foam is formed, so that the formed fine-pored and thick foam layer, the so-called ash crust, insulates a substrate against heat, depending on its composition; is a " Carbon supplier " an organic compound that leaves a carbon skeleton due to incomplete combustion and does not burn completely to carbon dioxide and water (carbonification); these compounds are also called " Carbon skeleton formers "; is a " Acid formers" a compound which, under the influence of heat, ie above about 150°C, for example by decomposition, forms a non-volatile acid and thereby acts as a catalyst for carbonization; it can also contribute to reducing the viscosity of the melt of the binder; the term " Dehydrogenation catalyst " used; is a " Gas formers " a compound which decomposes at elevated temperature with the development of inert, i.e. non-flammable gases and, if necessary, expands the softened binder to a foam (intumescence); is a " Ash crust stabilizer " a so-called framework-forming compound which stabilizes the carbon framework (ash crust) formed by the interaction of carbon formation from the carbon source and the gas from the gas generator, or physical intumescence.

[0016] According to the invention, the alkoxysilane-functional polymer comprises a backbone selected from the group consisting of a polyether, polyester, polyetherester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyesterurethane, polyetherurethane, polyetheresterurethane, polyamideurethane, polyurea, polyamine, polycarbonate, polyvinylester, polyacrylate, polyolefin, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polysulfide, rubber, neoprene, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, melamine. The alkoxysilane-functional polymer can also be a mixture of alkoxysilane-functional polymers having different backbones, among which mixtures with a polyether backbone and a polyurethane backbone are preferred. Particular preference is given to alkoxysilane-functional polymers with a polyurethane backbone. The backbone can be linear or branched (linear backbone with side chains along the backbone chain) and contains terminating, i.e.as end groups of a linear basic structure or as end groups of the linear basic structure and as end groups of the side groups, alkoxy-functional silane groups, preferably at least two alkoxy-functional silane groups.

[0017] To achieve good foam formation, induced by the blowing agent mixture, and to ensure that the foam is sufficiently stable until the binder cures, the alkoxysilane-functional polymer according to the invention has a dynamic viscosity in the range of 5 to 27 Pa s, preferably in the range of 7 to 25 Pa s, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 21 Pa s. If a mixture of several polymers with the same or different polymer backbones is used, the viscosity of the mixture according to the invention is in the aforementioned range.

[0018] The alkoxy-functional silane group has the general formula (I) -Si(R 1< ) m (OR 2< ) 3-m (I), wherein R 1< is a linear or branched C 1 -C 16 alkyl radical, preferably a methyl or ethyl radical, R 2< is a linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, preferably a methyl or ethyl radical, and m is an integer from 0 to 2, preferably 0 or 1. Most preferably, the at least two alkoxy-functional silane groups are di- (m = 1) or trifunctional (m = 0) and the alkoxy group is a methoxy or ethoxy group.

[0019] Preferably, the alkoxy-functional silane group is bonded to the basic structure via a group, such as another, different functional group (X = e.g. -S-, -OR, -NHR, -NR 2 ), which can either itself function as an electron donor or contains an atom which can function as an electron donor, wherein the two functional groups, i.e. the further functional group and the alkoxy-functional silane group, are connected to one another via a methylene bridge (-X-CH 2 -Si(R 1< ) m (OR 2< ) 3-m ). This causes an electronic interaction (back-bonding) between the silicon atom and the electron donor, whereby electron density is shifted from the donor to the silicon atom, which leads to a weakening of the Si-O bond, which in turn is reflected in a greatly increased reactivity of the Si alkoxy groups. This is the so-called α-effect. Such compounds are also referred to as α-silanes.In addition, so-called γ-silanes or other types of silanes can also be used.

[0020] The alkoxysilane-functional polymers are particularly preferably polymers in which the basic structure is terminated with silane groups via a urethane group or an ether group, such as, for example, dimethoxy(methyl)silylmethylcarbamate-terminated polyethers and polyurethanes, diethoxy(methyl)silylmethylcarbamate-terminated polyethers and polyurethanes, trimethoxysilylmethylcarbamate-terminated polyethers and polyurethanes, triethoxysilylmethylcarbamate-terminated polyethers and polyurethanes, or mixtures of these.

[0021] Examples of suitable polymers include silane-terminated polyethers (e.g. Geniosil ®< STP-E 10 and Geniosil ®< STP-E 30 from Wacker Chemie AG; MS polymers from Kaneka Corporation (in particular MS-203, MS-303, SAX260, SAX350, SAX400, SAX 220, S154, S327, S227, SAX725, SAX510, SAX520, SAX530, SAX580, SAT010, SAX015, SAX770, SAX220, SAX115, (Polyether Backbone)) and silane-terminated polyurethanes (e.g. Polymer ST61, Polymer ST75 and Polymer ST77 from Evonik Hanse, Desmoseal ®< S XP 2458, Desmoseal ®< S XP 2636, Desmoseal ®< S XP 2749, Desmoseal ®< S XP 2821 from Bayer, SPUR+*1050MM, SPUR+*1015LM, SPUR+* 3100HM, SPUR+* 3200HM from Momentive).

[0022] Preferred alternative polymers are those in which the alkoxy-functional silane groups are not (only) incorporated terminally into the polymer backbone, but are specifically distributed laterally throughout the backbone chain. Important properties, such as crosslinking density, can be controlled via the multiple crosslinking units incorporated. Suitable examples include the TEGOPAC ®< product line from Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH, including TEGOPAC BOND 150, TEGOPAC BOND 250, and TEGOPAC SEAL 100, as well as GENIOSIL ®< XB 502, GENIOSIL ®< WP1, and GENIOSIL ®< WP2 from Wacker Chemie AG. In this context, reference is made to DE 102008000360 A1, DE 102009028640 A1, DE102010038768 A1 and DE 102010038774 A1 as examples.

[0023] As already mentioned, the alkoxysilane-functional polymer can also be a mixture of two or more alkoxysilane-functional polymers with the previously described basic skeletons, which can be of the same type or different.

[0024] Depending on the chain length of the backbone, the alkoxy functionality of the polymer and the location of the alkoxy-functional silane groups, the degree of crosslinking of the binder and thus both the strength of the resulting coating and its elastic properties can be adjusted.

[0025] Usually, the amount of the binder is 10 to 70 wt%, preferably 15 to 65 wt%, more preferably 20 to 55 wt%, each based on the total composition.

[0026] According to the invention, the composition contains a crosslinking agent that is separated from the alkoxysilane-functional polymer prior to use to inhibit the reaction and is water or a water-containing component. This results in a more homogeneous and faster curing of the binder compared to a system that cures with ambient humidity. The curing of the composition is thus largely independent of absolute humidity, and the composition cures reliably and quickly even under extremely dry conditions.

[0027] The water content in the composition is preferably between 5 and 40 wt%, more preferably between 10 and 30 wt%, based on the total composition.

[0028] Furthermore, the composition may contain an additional crosslinking agent (co-crosslinking agent). This allows various properties, such as adhesion to the substrate, improved wetting of the additives, and curing speed of the composition, to be specifically optimized and tailored.

[0029] Suitable co-crosslinking agents are selected from a reactive alkoxysilane or an oligomeric organofunctional alkoxysilane. The further crosslinking agent is preferably an oligomeric vinyl-functional alkoxysilane, an alkyl-functional alkoxysilane, an epoxy-functional alkoxysilane, a vinyl-functional alkoxysilane, a vinyl / alkyl-functional alkoxysilane, a mercapto-functional alkoxysilane, a methacrylic-functional alkoxysilane, or a silicic acid ester.

[0030] Suitable co-crosslinking agents include: hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, iso- Butyltriethoxysilane, ISO-Butyltrimethoxysilan, Methyltriethoxysilan, Methyltrimethoxysilan, Octyltrichlorosilan, Octyltriethoxysilan, Propyltriethoxysilan, Propyltrimethoxysilan, 3-Glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilan, 3-Glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilan, 3-Mercaptoprobyltrimethoxysilan, 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilan, Methacryloxymethyl-methyldimethoxysilan, Methacryloxymethyl-timethoxysilan, 3-Methacryloxypropyltriacetoxysilan, Ethylpolysilicat, Tetraethylorthosilicat, Tetramethylorthosilicat, Tetra-n-Propylorthosilicat, Vinyltrichlorsilan, Vinyltriethoxysilan, Vinyltrimethoxysilan, Vinyltriacetoxysilan, Vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxy)silan, N - 3-Ureidopropyltrimethoxysilan, N -Methyl[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]carbamat, N -Trimethoxysilylmethyl- O- methylcarbamat, N -Dimethoxy(methyl)silyl-methyl- O -methylcarbamat, Tris-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-isocyanurat oder Kombinationen aus diesen.

[0031] If a co-crosslinking agent is used, it can be present individually or as a mixture of several co-crosslinking agents in an amount of up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 7% by weight and most preferably up to 5% by weight, based on the total composition.

[0032] According to the invention, the crosslinking agent and, if present, the co-crosslinking agent are separated from the alkoxysilane-functional polymer in a reaction-inhibiting manner prior to use of the composition in order to prevent curing of the polymer prior to use of the composition.

[0033] According to the invention, the composition contains a blowing agent mixture for forming a foam. Suitable blowing agent mixtures include all common chemical blowing agents that are activated by a chemical reaction between two components, i.e., that form a gas as the actual blowing agent. Accordingly, the composition contains a blowing agent mixture comprising compounds that, when mixed, react with one another to form carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), or oxygen (O 2 ).

[0034] In one embodiment, the propellant mixture comprises an acid and a compound that can react with acids to form carbon dioxide.

[0035] As compounds that can react with acids to form carbon dioxide, carbonate- and hydrocarbonate-containing compounds, in particular metal or (in particular quaternary) ammonium carbonates, such as carbonates of alkali or alkaline earth metals, for example CaCO 3 , NaHCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 and the like, can be used, with chalk (CaCO 3) being preferred. Various types of chalk with different grain sizes and different surface properties, such as coated or uncoated chalk, or mixtures of two or more thereof, can be used. Coated chalk types are preferred because they react more slowly with the acid and thus ensure controlled foaming or coordinated foaming and curing times.

[0036] Any acidic compound capable of reacting with carbonate- or bicarbonate-containing compounds to release carbon dioxide can be used as an acid. These include inorganic acids, such as phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid; organic mono-, di-, or polycarboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, chloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, polyacrylic acid, benzoic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, or the like; aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, aluminum chloride, urea phosphate, and other acid-releasing chemicals, or mixtures of two or more thereof. The acid generates the gas, which is the actual propellant.

[0037] An aqueous solution of an inorganic and / or organic acid can be used as the acid component. Buffered solutions of citric, tartaric, acetic, phosphoric acid, and the like can also be used.

[0038] According to the invention, the content of acid component in the composition can be up to 15 wt.% based on the total composition, with a content in the range between 2 and 14 wt.% being preferred, between 3 and 13 wt.% being more preferred and between 4 and 14 wt.% being even more preferred.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, the propellant mixture comprises compounds that release hydrogen upon reaction with each other. These include reactions of: (i) one or more base metals (e.g. aluminum, iron or zinc) with bases (e.g. one or more alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide) or with one or more acids as defined above for carbonates (preferably inorganic acid); (ii) metal hydrides (e.g. sodium hydride or lithium aluminum hydride) with water, or (iii) a compound containing Si-bonded hydrogen atoms (e.g. polymethylhydrosiloxane, also known as polymethylhydrosiloxane, but also other polyalkyl- or polyarylhydrosiloxanes) with proton donors (e.g. water). Suitable are, inter alia, linear polyhydrogensiloxanes, tetramers, copolymers of dimethylsiloxane and methylhydrosiloxane, trimethylsilyl-terminated polyhydrogensiloxanes, hydride-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes, triethylsilyl-terminated polyethylhydrosiloxanes, hydride-terminated copolymers of polyphenylmethylsiloxane and methylhydrosiloxane and the like.

[0040] These compounds are preferably present in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt.%, more preferably 3 to 13 wt.% and most preferably 4 to 7 wt.%, based on the total composition.

[0041] In a further alternative embodiment, the propellant mixture comprises compounds capable of releasing oxygen upon reaction with one another, such as by the reaction of peroxides (e.g., hydrogen peroxide or hydrogen peroxide-releasing compounds, including solid compounds such as hydrogen peroxide-urea complex and urea phosphate) with metal oxides and / or bases.

[0042] These compounds are preferably present in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt%, more preferably 1.5 to 4 wt% and most preferably 2 to 3 wt%, based on the total composition.

[0043] According to the invention, the individual components of the propellant mixture are separated from one another in a reaction-inhibiting manner before the composition is used.

[0044] To impart greater stability to the foam formed by the blowing agent mixture, the resulting cells must remain stable until the binder cures to prevent the polymer foam structure from collapsing. Stabilization becomes more necessary the lower the density of the foam, i.e., the greater the volume expansion. Stabilization is usually achieved using foam stabilizers.

[0045] If necessary, the composition according to the invention can therefore further contain a foam stabilizer. Suitable foam stabilizers include, for example, alkyl polyglycosides. These are obtainable by methods known to those skilled in the art by reacting longer-chain monoalcohols with mono-, di-, or polysaccharides. The longer-chain monoalcohols, which may optionally also be branched, preferably have 4 to 22 C atoms, preferably 8 to 18 C atoms, and particularly preferably 10 to 12 C atoms in an alkyl radical. Specific examples of longer-chain monoalcohols include 1-butanol, 1-propanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1-decanol, 1-undecanol, 1-dodecanol (lauryl alcohol), 1-tetradecanol (myristyl alcohol), and 1-octadecanol (stearyl alcohol). Mixtures of the above-mentioned longer-chain monoalcohols can also be used.Other foam stabilizers include known anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants, as well as mixtures thereof. Alkyl polyglycosides, EO / PO block copolymers, alkyl or aryl alkoxylates, siloxane alkoxylates, esters of sulfosuccinic acid, and / or alkali or alkaline earth metal alkanoates are preferred. EO / PO block copolymers and polyalkylene glycol ethers are particularly preferred.

[0046] The foam stabilizers may be included in any of the components of the composition according to the invention as long as they do not react with each other.

[0047] According to the invention, the composition contains an intumescent additive, wherein the additive may comprise either a single compound or a mixture of several compounds.

[0048] Insulating layer-forming additives are advantageously used which form an expanded, insulating layer made of flame-resistant material under the influence of heat. This layer protects the substrate from overheating and thus prevents or at least delays changes in the mechanical and static properties of load-bearing components due to heat. The formation of a voluminous, insulating layer, namely an ash layer, can be achieved through the chemical reaction of a mixture of corresponding, coordinated compounds that react with one another when exposed to heat. Such systems are known to those skilled in the art under the term chemical intumescence and can be used according to the invention. Alternatively, the voluminous, insulating layer can be formed by physical intumescence. Both systems can be used individually or together in combination according to the invention.

[0049] The formation of an intumescent layer through chemical intumescence generally requires at least three components: a carbon source, a dehydrogenation catalyst, and a gas generator, which are often contained in a binder. When exposed to heat, the binder softens and the fire-retardant additives are released, allowing them to react with each other in the case of chemical intumescence or expand in the case of physical intumescence. Thermal decomposition of the dehydrogenation catalyst converts the acid into the carbonizing catalyst. At the same time, the gas generator thermally decomposes to form inert gases, which cause the carbonized (charred) material and, if necessary, the softened binder to expand, forming a voluminous, insulating foam.

[0050] In one embodiment of the invention in which the insulating layer is formed by chemical intumescence, the insulating layer-forming additive comprises at least one carbon framework former (if the binder cannot be used as such), at least one acid generator, at least one gas generator, and at least one inorganic framework former. The components of the additive are selected in particular so that they can develop synergism, with some of the compounds being able to fulfill multiple functions.

[0051] Suitable carbon sources include the compounds commonly used in intumescent flame retardants and known to those skilled in the art, such as starch-like compounds, e.g., starch and modified starch, and / or polyhydric alcohols (polyols), such as saccharides and polysaccharides, and / or a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymeric resin binder, such as a phenolic resin, a urea resin, a polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, poly(meth)acrylate, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, a silicone resin, and / or a rubber. Suitable polyols are polyols from the group consisting of sugar, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, alkoxylated pentaerythritols, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, sorbitol, and EO-PO polyols. Pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, or polyvinyl acetate are preferably used.

[0052] It should be noted that the polymer which serves as a binder can also function as a carbon supplier in the event of a fire, so that the addition of an additional carbon supplier is not always necessary.

[0053] Suitable dehydrogenation catalysts or acid generators are the compounds commonly used in intumescent fire protection formulations and known to those skilled in the art, such as a salt or ester of an inorganic, non-volatile acid selected from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or boric acid. Essentially, phosphorus-containing compounds are used, the range of which is very broad, as they span several oxidation states of phosphorus, such as phosphines, phosphine oxides, phosphonium compounds, phosphates, elemental red phosphorus, phosphites, and phosphates.Examples of phosphoric acid compounds include: monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, melamine resin phosphates, potassium phosphate, polyol phosphates such as pentaerythritol phosphate, glycerol phosphate, sorbitol phosphate, mannitol phosphate, dulcitol phosphate, neopentyl glycol phosphate, ethylene glycol phosphate, dipentaerythritol phosphate, and the like. A polyphosphate or an ammonium polyphosphate is preferably used as the phosphoric acid compound. Melamine resin phosphates are understood to mean compounds such as reaction products of Lamelite C (melamine-formaldehyde resin) with phosphoric acid. Examples of sulfuric acid compounds include: ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfamate, nitroaniline bisulfate, 4-nitroaniline-2-sulfonic acid, and 4,4-dinitrosulfanilamide, and the like. Examples of boric acid compounds include melamine borate.

[0054] Suitable gas generators are compounds commonly used in flame retardants and known to those skilled in the art, such as cyanuric acid or isocyanic acid and their derivatives, and melamine and their derivatives. These include cyanamide, dicyanamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine and its salts, biguanide, melamine cyanurate, cyanic acid salts, cyanic acid esters and amides, hexamethoxymethylmelamine, dimelamine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphate, and melamine phosphate. Hexamethoxymethylmelamine or melamine (cyanuric acid amide) is preferred.

[0055] Also suitable are components whose mode of action is not limited to a single function, such as melamine polyphosphate, which acts both as an acid generator and a gas generator. Further examples are described in GB 2 007 689 A1, EP 139 401 A1, and US Pat. No. 3 969 291 A1.

[0056] In one embodiment of the invention in which the insulating layer is formed by physical intumescence, the insulating layer-forming additive comprises at least one thermally expandable compound, such as a graphite intercalation compound, also known as expandable graphite. These can also be contained in the binder, especially homogeneously.

[0057] Examples of suitable expandable graphite include known intercalation compounds of SO x , NO x , halogen and / or strong acids in graphite. These are also referred to as graphite salts. Preference is given to expandable graphites which, at temperatures of, for example, 120 to 350°C, release SO 2 , SO 3 , NO and / or NO 2 upon expansion. The expandable graphite can, for example, be in the form of platelets with a maximum diameter in the range of 0.1 to 5 mm. This diameter is preferably in the range 0.5 to 3 mm. Expandable graphites suitable for the present invention are commercially available. In general, the expandable graphite particles are uniformly distributed in the fire protection elements according to the invention. The concentration of expandable graphite particles can, however, also be varied in a point-like, pattern-like, planar and / or sandwich-like manner. In this regard, reference is made to EP 1489136 A1.

[0058] In a further embodiment of the invention, the insulating layer is formed by both chemical and physical intumescence, so that the insulating layer-forming additive comprises a carbon supplier, a dehydrogenation catalyst and a gas generator as well as thermally expandable compounds.

[0059] The intumescent fire protection additive also contributes to increasing the density of the foams, as this can improve their fire protection properties. The foams generally have densities of approximately 140-300 g / cm³, measured according to DIN EN ISO 845 (measured at standard conditions of 23 ± 2°C and 50 ± 10% relative humidity).

[0060] The intumescent additive can be present in the composition in an amount of 10 to 70 wt.%. To achieve the highest possible intumescence rate, the proportion of the intumescent additive in the overall formulation is set as high as possible, while ensuring that the viscosity of the composition does not become too high so that the composition can still be easily processed. The proportion is preferably 12 to 60 wt.% and particularly preferably 15 to 30 wt.%, based on the total composition.

[0061] According to the invention, the composition contains at least one water-soluble flame retardant.

[0062] The inventors have discovered that the use of water-soluble or water-miscible flame retardants and water-soluble or water-miscible compounds significantly improves the mixing of all components of the composition, thus significantly accelerating curing. This prevents the foam formed from sinking or collapsing. Thus, the use of a catalyst can be completely eliminated. Furthermore, this increases the storage stability of the composition and eliminates the use of harmful metal compounds, such as organotin compounds.

[0063] The flame retardants according to the invention are phosphorus-containing and halogen-free. Diethyl ethane phosphonate (DEEP), triethyl phosphate (TEP), dimethyl propyl phosphonate (DMPP), and dimethyl methane phosphonate (DMMP) can be used as water-soluble flame retardants. Preferred are diethyl ethyl phosphonate (DEEP), triethyl phosphate (TEP), and dimethyl propyl phosphonate (DMPP), as well as mixtures thereof.

[0064] In general, the proportion of the flame retardant or flame retardant mixture is 4 to 30 wt.%, preferably 9 to 25 wt.% and more preferably 14 to 20 wt.%, based on the polymer-containing component.

[0065] The water-soluble flame retardant can have multiple functions, so the flame retardant can also be selected based on the additional effects it achieves. For example, triethyl phosphate improves the mixing of the composition, but in addition to its primary function as a flame retardant, it also serves as a plasticizer.

[0066] Instead of the water-soluble flame retardant, or in addition to it, a liquid compound that is also soluble or miscible with water can be used according to the invention. According to the invention, these are acetone, sulfolane, ethanol, methanol, and mixtures thereof.

[0067] The liquid compound can be used in the same quantities as the flame retardant or flame retardant mixture, whereby when using a liquid compound in addition to the flame retardant or flame retardant mixture, the proportions already mentioned correspond to the sum of the total mixture of the liquid compound and the flame retardant or flame retardant mixture.

[0068] Since the ash crust formed by the intumescent fire protection additive in the event of a fire is generally too unstable and, depending on its density and structure, can be blown away by air currents, which negatively impacts the insulating effect of the coating, at least one ash crust stabilizer is preferably added to the components listed above. The basic principle is that the inherently very soft carbon layers that form are mechanically strengthened by inorganic compounds. The addition of such an ash crust stabilizer contributes significantly to the stabilization of the intumescent crust in the event of a fire, as these additives increase the mechanical strength of the intumescent layer and / or prevent it from dripping off.

[0069] Suitable ash crust stabilizers or framework formers are the compounds commonly used in fire protection formulations and known to the person skilled in the art, for example, expandable graphite and particulate metals such as aluminum, magnesium, iron, and zinc. The particulate metal can be in the form of a powder, platelets, flakes, fibers, filaments, and / or whiskers, with the particulate metal in the form of powder, platelets, or flakes having a particle size of ≤50 µm, preferably from 0.5 to 10 µm. When using the particulate metal in the form of fibers, filaments, and / or whiskers, a thickness of 0.5 to 10 µm and a length of 10 to 50 µm is preferred.Alternatively or additionally, an oxide or a compound of a metal from the group comprising aluminum, magnesium, iron, or zinc can be used as an ash crust stabilizer, in particular iron oxide, preferably iron trioxide, titanium dioxide, a borate, such as zinc borate, and / or a glass frit made of low-melting glasses with a melting temperature of preferably at or above 400°C, phosphate or sulfate glasses, melamine polyzinc sulfates, ferroglasses, or calcium borosilicates. The addition of such an ash crust stabilizer contributes to a significant stabilization of the ash crust in the event of a fire, since these additives increase the mechanical strength of the intumescent layer and / or prevent it from dripping off. Examples of such additives can also be found in US 4,442,157 A, US 3,562,197 A, GB 755,551 A, and EP 138,546 A1.

[0070] Ash crust stabilizers such as melamine phosphate or melamine borate may also be included.

[0071] In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention further contains at least one further component selected from plasticizers, crosslinking agents, water scavengers, organic and / or inorganic additives and / or further additives.

[0072] The plasticizer's function is to soften the cured polymer network. Furthermore, the plasticizer's function is to introduce an additional liquid component so that the fillers are completely wetted and the viscosity is adjusted to make the coating processable. The plasticizer can be included in the composition in such an amount that it can adequately fulfill the functions just described.

[0073] Suitable plasticizers are selected from derivatives of benzoic acid, phthalic acid, e.g. phthalates such as dibutyl, dioctyl, dicyclohexyl, diisooctyl, diisodecyl, dibenzyl or butylbenzyl phthalate, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, caprylic acid and citric acid, alkyl phosphate esters and derivatives of polyesters and polyethers, epoxidized oils, C 10 -C 21 alkylsulfonic acid esters of phenol and alkyl esters. Preferably, the plasticizer is an ester derivative of terephthalic acid, a triol ester of caprylic acid, a glycol diester, diol esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, ester derivative of citric acid, secondary alkylsulfonic acid esters, ester derivatives of glycerol with epoxy groups and ester derivatives of phosphates.More preferably, the plasticizer is bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate, trihydroxymethylpropyl caprylate, triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate), 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester, a mixture of 75-85% secondary alkylsulfonic acid esters, 15-25% secondary alkanedisulfonic acid diphenyl ester and 2-3% non-sulfonated alkanes, triethyl citrate, epoxidized soybean oil, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate or a mixture of n-octyl and n-decyl succinate.

[0074] The plasticizer may preferably be present in the composition in an amount of up to 40% by weight, more preferably up to 35% by weight and more preferably up to 15% by weight, based on the total composition.

[0075] To prevent premature reaction of the alkoxysilane-functional polymer with residual moisture from constituents optionally present in the composition, in particular fillers and / or additives, or from atmospheric moisture, water scavengers are usually added to the composition. This captures moisture introduced into the formulations. The water scavenger is preferably an organofunctional alkoxysilane or an oligomeric organofunctional alkoxysilane, more preferably a vinyl-functional alkoxysilane, an oligomeric vinyl-functional alkoxysilane, a vinyl- / alkyl-functional alkoxysilane, an oligomeric alkyl-functional alkoxysilane, an acetoxy- / alkyl-functional alkoxysilane, a carbamatosilane, an arylalkoxysilane, or a methacryloxy-functional alkoxysilane. Most preferably, the water scavenger is di- tert-butoxydiacetoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyldimethoxymethylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyl-methyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriacetoxysilane, N -Methyl[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]carbamate, N- trimethoxysilylmethyl-O-methylcarbamate, N -Dimethoxy(methyl)silyl-methyl-O-methylcarbamate, phenyltrimethoxysilane or combinations of these.

[0076] The amount of water scavenger added depends on the water content of the formulation components, excluding the extra water (component B), and is typically in the range of up to 4 wt.%. The water scavengers can be present in an amount of 0.1 to 4 wt.%, preferably 0.8 to 3 wt.%, and more preferably 0.8 to 2.5 wt.%, based on the total composition.

[0077] In addition to the additives already described, the composition may optionally contain conventional auxiliaries such as wetting agents, for example based on polyacrylates and / or polyphosphates, dyes, fungicides, or various fillers such as vermiculite, inorganic fibers, quartz sand, glass microspheres, mica, silicon dioxide, mineral wool, and the like.

[0078] Additional additives, such as thickeners and / or rheology additives, as well as fillers, can be added to the composition. Rheology additives such as anti-settling agents, anti-sagging agents, and thixotropic agents are preferably polyhydroxycarboxylic acid amides, urea derivatives, salts of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, alkylammonium salts of acidic phosphoric acid derivatives, ketoximes, amine salts of p-toluenesulfonic acid, amine salts of sulfonic acid derivatives, as well as aqueous or organic solutions or mixtures of the compounds. Rheology additives based on pyrogenic or precipitated silicas or based on silanized pyrogenic or precipitated silicas can also be used.The rheology additive preferably comprises pyrogenic silicas, modified and unmodified phyllosilicates, precipitated silicas, cellulose ethers, polysaccharides, PU and acrylate thickeners, urea derivatives, castor oil derivatives, polyamides and fatty acid amides and polyolefins, provided they are in solid form, powdered celluloses and / or suspending agents such as xanthan gum.

[0079] The composition according to the invention can be formulated as a two-component or multi-component system, whereby the term multi-component system also includes two-component systems. The composition is preferably formulated as a two-component system in which the individual components of the blowing agent mixture are separated from one another in a reaction-inhibiting manner before use of the composition, and the crosslinking agent is separated from the alkoxysilane-functional polymer in a reaction-inhibiting manner before use of the composition. The other components of the composition are distributed according to their compatibility with one another and with the compounds contained in the composition and can be contained in one of the two components or in both components. Furthermore, the distribution of the other components, in particular the solid components, can depend on the amounts in which they are to be contained in the composition.Appropriate distribution may result in a higher proportion relative to the total composition. The fire protection additive can be contained in one or more components as a complete mixture or divided into individual components. The distribution depends on the compatibility of the compounds contained in the composition, so that neither the compounds contained in the composition can react with each other or interfere with each other, nor can these compounds react with the compounds of the other components. This depends on the compounds used.

[0080] The invention further relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for foaming openings, cable and pipe penetrations in walls, floors and / or ceilings, joints between ceilings and wall parts, between wall openings and structural parts to be installed, such as window and door frames, between ceilings and walls and between external walls and curtain facades of buildings for the purpose of fire protection.

[0081] The invention further relates to a process in which the components of a previously described foam system are mixed together at or near the application site, and the mixture is applied or introduced into the desired location, for example, into a gap, a cavity, or onto a surface. These are so-called in-situ foams.

[0082] The invention further relates to molded articles obtainable by the process just described, wherein the foam can be produced, for example, in a mold. The use of a composition according to the invention for the production of molded articles used in wall openings, e.g., cable bulkheads, is conceivable here. Use for cable, pipe, busbar, and / or joint bulkheads is also preferred. They can also be used preferably as seals for fire protection and for the production of fire-protection adhesives, for coating surfaces, and for the production of sandwich components or composite panels.

[0083] The molded elements expand in the event of a fire, preventing the spread of flames, making them suitable as sealing elements, safety devices, fire barriers, or cladding. They can be used as joints, seals for cable penetrations, or to close wall openings. The use of a fire protection element as an interior lining for fire-resistant doors, which expands and acts as an insulator in the event of a fire, should also be considered. Likewise, the production of door seals or other gaskets that expand in the event of a fire and seal the gap in front of it should also be considered.

[0084] The invention is explained in more detail below using some examples. EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION

[0085] The individual components listed in Tables 2, 3, and 4 are blended and homogenized. For application, these mixtures are mechanically mixed in a container until homogeneous mixing is achieved and foaming begins. Table 1: substances used silane-terminated prepolymer I Silane-terminated polyurethane, Desmoseal S XP-2821 from Bayer AG; viscosity at 23°C ~20,000 mPa·s silane-terminated prepolymer II Silane-terminated polyurethane, Desmoseal S XP-2749 from Bayer AG, viscosity at 23°C -4500 mPa·s silane-terminated prepolymer III Dimethoxy(methyl)silylmethylcarbamate-terminated polyether Geniosil STP-E 10 from Wacker, dynamic viscosity at 25°C ~10000 mPa s (DIN 51562); density at 20°C 1.0069 g / cm 3 silane-terminated prepolymer IV KANEKA MS POLYMER SAX015 from Kaneka Beldium NV Triethyl phosphate (TEP) Levagard ®< TEP-Z from Lanxess; Viscosity at 20°C: <1.7 mPa·s Dimethyl propane phosphonate (DMPP) Levagard ®< DMPP from Lanxess; viscosity 2.16 mPa·s Tri(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) Levagard ®< PP; viscosity 85 mPa s acetone Merck Sulfolane from Sigma Aldrich, product number T22209 Vinyltrimethoxysilane Geniosil ®< XL 10 from Wacker, dynamic viscosity at 25°C 0.6 mPa·s; density at 25°C 0.97 g / cm3 fully deionized water (deionized water) Calcium carbonate OMYABOND 520-OM from Omva Citric acid, anhydrous Citric acid anhydrate F6000 (CAS No. 77-92-9) from BCD Chemie L-tartaric acid Natural L(+)-tartaric acid from BCD-Chemie; Type 2 2-400 mic. 25 / SAC Expandable graphite Nord-Min ®< 351 of Nordmann-Rassmann, Hamburg, Germany; Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) Exolit ®< AP 462 from Clairant; microencapsulated with melamine resin Dipentaerythritol Charmor ®< DP 40 from Perstorp...; particle size <40 µm; water content 0.1%; min. 98% Holtac D from Perstorp; particle size <40 µm; min. 99% Iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) Bayferrox 130 M from Lanxess Xanthan Xanthan from Kremer Pigments, article number 63450 fumed silica Cab-O-Sil TS-720 from Cabot Catalyst TIB KAT 223 Dioctvltin acetvlacetonate from TIB Chemicals AG Assessment of foam resistance

[0086] Foam stability and foam collapse were assessed visually, with the assessment being made at the point at which the foam reached its maximum height. It was observed whether the foam lost its maximum height or sank. Determination of the tack-free time as a parameter for the foam curing time

[0087] After the foam was dispensed, the tackiness of the foam surface was tested at defined intervals using a wooden spatula. The wooden spatula was lightly placed on the foam surface and then lifted again. The time at which no more threads were pulled or material detachment from the foam surface could be observed defined the tack-free time. Measurement of viscosity

[0088] Dynamic viscosity was measured using a Kinexus Ultra+ instrument from Malvern Instruments Ltd. at 23 °C, with a 2 mm gap and a 20 mm diameter plate. The value in mPa s was read at a rotation speed of 100 s -1<. Table 2: Foam curing time (tack-free time) and foam stability depending on the flame retardant used and its amount (data in wt.%) Comparison 1 Comparison 2 Comparison 3 Comparison 4 Comparison 5 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 silane-terminated prepolymer I 25,4 22,2 18,6 25,4 25,4 22,2 18,6 22,2 18,6 silane-terminated prepolymer IV 18,1 15,9 13,2 18,1 18,1 15,9 13,4 15,9 13,2 TEP - - - 3,6 - 9,0 15,2 - - DMPP - - - - 3,6 - - 9,0 15,2 TCPP 3,6 9,0 15,2 - - - - - - Vinyltrimethoxysilane 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 demineralized water 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 Calcium carbonate 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 Citric acid, anhydrous 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 Expandable graphite 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 APP 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 Monopentaerythol 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 Iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 L-tartaric acid 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 Xanthan 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 Fumed silica 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 Foam curing time [min] 3,33 4 5 4 2 2,33 1,67 1,33 0,55 Foam stability * - - - - - + + + + * "-" = foam collapse / "+" foam remains stable Table 3: Foam curing time and foam stability depending on the solvent used and its quantity (data in wt.%) Comparison 6 Example 5 Example 6 Comparison 7 Example 8 Example 9 silane-terminated prepolymer I 25,7 22,5 18,9 25,7 22,5 18,9 silane-terminated prepolymer IV 18,4 16,1 13,4 18,7 16,1 13,5 acetone 3,7 9,1 15,4 - - - Sulfolane - - - 3,7 9,1 15,4 Vinyltrimethoxysilane 2,2 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 demineralized water 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 11,1 Calcium carbonate 6,3 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 6,2 Citric acid, anhydrous 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 Expandable graphite 12,7 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 12,1 APP 6,1 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 Dipentaerythritol 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 2,9 L-tartaric acid 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 Xanthan 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 Foam curing time [min] 2,6 2,4 1,7 2,5 2,0 1,9 Foam resistance - + + - + + Table 4: Influence of the catalyst on the shelf life of the polymer component, determined by the viscosity of the composition Example 10 Comparison 8 Example 11 Comparison 9 Example 12 Comparison 10 Example 13 Comparison 11 silane-terminated prepolymer I 52,5 52,5 26,25 26,25 silane-terminated prepolymer II 52,5 52,5 silane-terminated prepolymer III 52,5 52,5 silane-terminated prepolymer IV 26,25 26,25 TEP 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Vinyltrimethoxysilane 2,25 2,25 2,25 2,25 2,25 2,25 2,25 2,25 Calcium carbonate 8,25 8,25 8,25 8,25 8,25 8,25 8,25 8,25 Expandable graphite 16,67 16,67 16,67 16,67 16,67 16,67 16,67 16,67 APP 8,33 8,33 8,33 8,33 8,33 8,33 8,33 8,33 catalyst additional 0.7% additional 0.7% additional 0.7% additional 0.7% Shear viscosity at 23°C, 100 U s -1 < [Pa s], freshly prepared 2,825 5,376 5,692 7,472 1,686 1,786 4,461 6,972 Shear viscosity at 23°C, 100 U·s -1< [Pa·s], Storage: 1 week at 40 °C 3,567 100 8,114 13,23 2,194 4,767 5,008 84,07 Shear viscosity at 23°C, 100 U·s -1< [Pa·s], Storage: 4 weeks at 40 °C 4,842 not measurable 9,771 49 2,439 50,49 7,683 not measurable

[0089] The results of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 (Table 2) show that a composition containing TCPP as a non-water-soluble flame retardant foams, but the foam collapses before curing.

[0090] The results of Comparative Examples 4 to 7 (Tables 2 and 3) show that a composition containing a water-soluble flame retardant such as TEP or DMPP and a water-soluble liquid such as acetone or sulfolane at a concentration of 3.6 wt.% foams, but the foam collapses before curing.

[0091] Increasing the concentration of liquid flame retardants (TEP, DMPP) or liquid compounds (acetone, sulfolane) that are water-soluble reduces the curing time of the foams and preserves the foam strength. This is demonstrated by Examples 1 to 9.

[0092] The formulations prepared according to Table 4, which correspond to the polymer component in a two-component system, were stored at 40°C. The viscosity of both the freshly prepared formulations and the respective formulations after one week and four weeks of storage were measured according to the above method.

[0093] Table 4 shows that the formulations containing a catalyst (Comparative Examples 8 to 11) exhibit a significant increase in viscosity, sometimes after just one week of storage, but at least after four weeks. This leads to the formulations, for example, when using cartridges such as two-component cartridges, where the component containing the prepolymer becomes highly viscous, resulting in very high extrusion forces, mixing problems, and, consequently, insufficient foaming.

[0094] The catalyst-free formulations (Examples 10 to 13) showed hardly any increase in viscosity compared to the catalyst-containing formulations.

[0095] From this it can be concluded that the catalyst-free formulations have a significantly increased and thus improved storage stability.

Claims

1. Foamable, insulation-layer-forming multi-component composition comprising - at least one alkoxysilane-functional polymer, which contains alkoxy-functional silane groups of the general formula (I), terminated and / or as side groups along the polymer chain         -Si(R1)m(OR2)3-m     (I), where R1 represents a linear or branched C1-C16 alkyl functional group, R2 represents a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl functional group, and m represents an integer from 0 to 2, - at least one cross-linking agent which is separated from the alkoxysilane-functional polymer in a reaction-inhibiting manner before use of the composition and is water or a water-containing constituent, - a blowing agent mixture, the individual constituents of which are separated from each other in a reaction-inhibiting manner before use of the composition, - at least one fire-protection additive that forms an insulation layer, and - 7 to 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of liquid fire-protecting agents and liquid compounds which are each water-soluble or water-miscible, wherein the polymer has a dynamic viscosity in the range of 5 to 27 Pa s (Kinexus Ultra+ from Fa. Malvern Instruments Ltd.; temperature: 23°C; spindle type: plate, diameter 20 mm, 2 mm gap; revolutions: 100 s-1) and comprises a matrix selected from the group consisting of an alkyl chain, a polyether, polyester, polyetherester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyesterurethane, polyetherurethane, polyetheresterurethane, polyamideurethane, polyurea, polyamine, polycarbonate, polyvinylester, polyacrylate, polyolefin, polyisobutylene, polysulfide, rubber, neoprene, phenolic resin, epoxy resin and melamine, provided that the composition does not contain a metal catalyst, wherein the at least one liquid fire-protecting agent is selected from the group consisting of diethyl ethane phosphonate, triethyl phosphate, dimethyl propyl phosphonate and dimethyl methane phosphonate, and wherein the at least one liquid compound is selected from the group consisting of acetone, sulfolane, ethanol, methanol and mixtures thereof.

2. Composition according to claim 1, wherein the blowing agent mixture comprises compounds that, after being mixed, react with one another to form carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen (H2) or oxygen (O2).

3. Composition according to claim 2, the blowing agent mixture comprises an acid and a compound that is able to react with acids to form carbon dioxide.

4. Composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the alkoxysilane-functional polymer is a mixture comprising polymers having different similar or different matrices.

5. Composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the matrix is a polyurethane and / or a polyether.

6. Composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation-layer-forming fire-protection additive comprises at least one thermally expandable compound and / or a mixture containing at least one dehydrogenation catalyst, at least one gas former and optionally at least one carbon source.

7. Composition according to claim 6, wherein the fire-protection additive further contains an ash crust stabilizer.

8. Composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further contains another cross-linking agent (co-cross-linking agent).

9. Composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further contains at least one further constituent, selected from among plasticizers, water catchers, inorganic fillers and / or further additives.

10. Use of a composition according to any of claims 1 to 9 for foaming of openings, cable and pipe penetrations in walls, floors and / or ceilings, of joints between ceilings and wall parts, between masonry openings and construction parts to be installed, such as window and door frames, between ceilings and walls and between outside walls and curtain-wall facades of buildings for the purpose of fire protection.

11. Shaped body obtained from a composition according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the respective components are mixed together and the mixture is foamed in a mold.