Scattering system for producing a litter mat and method for operating such a littering system

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a spreading system for producing a spreading mat according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for operating such a spreading system according to the preamble of claim 12.

[0003] In the production of engineered panels from granular materials, a mixture of particles or fibrous substances and a binder is spread onto a forming or conveyor belt to form a mat. This mat is then subjected to any necessary pretreatment and finally compressed. Compression can be continuous or discontinuous, using pressure and / or heat. The typical engineered panels produced in this process are usually MDF, particleboard, OSB, or similar multi-layer panels. For OSB panels in particular, orientable aggregate is used, comprising fine (FK), fine (GK, KS, LS), and / or coarse particles (KB, LB). However, aggregate for MDF or particleboard is also inherently sortable and classifiable, and can be distributed in a differentiated manner using various roller arrangements or types.

[0004] The following tables show typical parameters for orientable spreading material in OSB production for fine (FK), fine (GK, KS, LS) and / or coarse particles (KB, LB), the exemplary ratio of which (5 : 75 : 20) may vary depending on the spreading material: Fine particles FK Fine shavings (fine grain) length < 4 mm Width < 2 mm thickness < 1 mm fine fraction GK shavings length > 5 mm < 35 mm Width < 5 mm thickness < 1.5 mm KS Short-narrow, coarse-grained length > 35 mm < 100 mm Width < 15 mm thickness < 1.5 mm LS Long-narrow, coarse shavings length > 100 mm < 250 mm Width < 15 mm thickness < 1.5 mm Large proportion KB Short-wide coarse-grained length > 100 mm < 250 mm Width < 15 mm thickness < 1.5 mm LB Long-wide coarse chip length > 100 mm < 250 mm Width < 15 mm thickness < 1.5 mm

[0005] The spreading material is applied in one, two or more layers (spreading layers) as required, with the need for longitudinally and transversely oriented spreading layers usually arising from specifically differentiated requirements between the middle layers and, if applicable, optional top layers.

[0006] Two spreading methods are used in the spreading stations of a spreading system: direct spreading of the spreading material from the metering hopper, where guide plates direct the material onto a conveyor belt, or indirect spreading via at least one spreading head with spreading roller systems arranged within it. In indirect spreading, the spreading material discharged from the metering hopper falls onto spreading rollers, which divide and, if necessary, sort the material within the spreading head. The various spreading arrangements used are already well described in patent literature, with either the material being fed centrally onto the spreading rollers or being fed at one end of the rollers.In this process, part of the spreading material is conveyed further, while another part falls through the spreading rollers onto the forming belt until only unsuitable spreading material remains and must be removed from the production process. Both principles have proven successful in production and are used effectively. Relevant disclosures can be found in: DE 10 2007 049 947 A1, DE 102 06 595 A1 or EP 0 860 254 A1.

[0007] DE 10 2013 226 510 A1 discloses a spreading head with a control device which has at least two operating configurations to determine the direction of rotation of at least one spindle, whereby different products can be manufactured with the same spreading head by selecting one of the operating configurations.

[0008] EP 0 800 901 A1 discloses a method and a device for producing a nonwoven fabric in which the spreading material is subjected to a controllable further mechanical dissolution after a first mechanical and pneumatic dissolution in order to correct spreading errors.

[0009] DE 10 2007 049 947 A1 discloses a spreading head for the production of a spreading mat, in which the chips are fed to one part of a transverse orientation device and another part of a longitudinal orientation device after dissolution.

[0010] Any spreading of aggregate, including MDF, chipboard, or, in the case of OSB production, fine (FK), fine (GK, KS, LS), and / or coarse (KB, LB) particles, presents challenges in achieving highly accurate basis weight distributions. Particularly with high-throughput spreading and oriented spreading, a loss of spreading quality can occur due to misorientations such as long-narrow coarse chips (LS) and / or long-wide coarse chips (LB) protruding diagonally from the spreading layer, as well as clumping into scattered nests or other basis weight inaccuracies within a spread aggregate mat, all of which degrade the subsequent quality of the material panel.

[0011] Various types of spreading heads for spreading systems are known from the prior art. For example, in chip spreading for particleboard, chips are sorted by size and / or density using a separating device, usually a roller spreading head or an air classifier, and then deposited sequentially onto a conveyor belt. Typically, the finest components, primarily fine chips (FK), are deposited onto the conveyor belt first. Subsequently, the fine components, primarily chips (GK) and / or short (KS) and long (LS) narrow-cut coarse chips, are spread over the fine components (FK). This results in a spreading mat containing a fine outer layer and a second, coarser inner layer.

[0012] Depending on the operating procedure and the arrangement and / or design of the spreading heads in the spreading system, further layers, such as an outer layer consisting primarily of narrow coarse shavings (KS, LS) and / or an inner layer consisting primarily of wide coarse shavings (KB, LB), can be applied, either alternatively or cumulatively. Ultimately, this allows for the planned assembly of any desired spreading material mat with a defined layer sequence of spreading material of varying density and / or quality.

[0013] The known state of the art generally features spreading systems, spreading roller systems, or spreading heads designed for a specific type of plate and, as such, can usually only compensate for different production capacities per unit of time. Accordingly, to change the structure of a spreading mat, various spreading heads are activated or deactivated in a predetermined sequence within a system. However, this is generally only possible with highly complex systems containing a large number of spreading heads.

[0014] However, with the current state of the art, every change in the layer sequence also requires, in order to achieve differently structured spreading mats, a sometimes complex conversion in the arrangement and / or design of the required spreading heads, with the disadvantage of associated conversion and downtime of the spreading or the entire system.

[0015] Based on this, the present invention aims to provide a spreading system improved compared to the prior art, along with a corresponding operating method.

[0016] In particular, conversion and downtime should be largely avoided.

[0017] Furthermore, the scattering quality should be improved, primarily in the outer and / or cover layers responsible for the quality of a material panel.

[0018] This task is solved by a spreading system and an operating method with the features of the independent patent claims.

[0019] The solution for the spreading system consists in the spreading head having at least one first feed area and at least one second feed area spaced apart from it in the production direction for feeding the spreading material, wherein the dispensing device includes a guide device for selective switching between the feed areas, and in that at least one, preferably all, rollers of the roller arrangement are suitable for changing their direction of rotation.

[0020] It may also be provided that the spreading head has at least two feed openings, with each feed opening being assigned at least one feed area.

[0021] Alternatively or in combination, the dispensing device may include a discharge device arranged in the metering hopper, which accelerates the spreading material on speed-dependent parabolic paths and thus selectively feeds it to a delivery area.

[0022] Alternatively or in combination, the guide device may be arranged at the dosing hopper, at the spreading head and / or in between.

[0023] In a particularly preferred alternative, at least one separating spreading device for classifying spreading along the production direction is arranged in the spreading head, wherein, most preferably, for the production of at least a part of a spreading mat having at least two spreading layers that is at least partially oriented, is arranged in the spreading head. a transverse orientation device, a longitudinal orientation device, a roller spreading device and / or a spoke spreading device In the production direction, the spreading devices are arranged above the forming belt, optionally in any sequence, for the selective longitudinal, transverse, and / or unoriented spreading of the material, each representing a spreading layer. A separating device can be arranged in the spreading head between the feed areas and the orientation and / or spreading devices to separate the material. Alternatively or in combination, a separating device with rollers, preferably spiked rollers, that can be rotated in or against the production direction P depending on the selected feed area, can be provided.

[0024] Alternatively or in combination, it may be provided that the rollers of an optional distribution device and / or an orientation and / or spreading device can also be rotated in or against the production direction P corresponding to the dissolving device, depending on the selected application area.

[0025] Alternatively or in combination, it can be provided that a distribution device and / or, preferably pivotable, guide plates are arranged between the dissolving device and the devices.

[0026] Alternatively or in combination, it may be provided that a control device for adjusting variable machine elements of the metering device, the dispensing device, the guide device and / or the spreading head is provided for the optional feeding of the spreading material via the first or the second application area.

[0027] Alternatively or in combination, it can be provided that, for spreading the spreading material in the spreading head, at least a longitudinal orientation device with a group of disc rollers aligned perpendicular to the production direction parallel to each other with parallel discs aligned radially to the axial extent of the rollers is arranged above the forming belt, wherein, starting from one side of the group, the discs within a disc roller are arranged at a greater distance from each other than the discs of the following disc roller.

[0028] The solution for a method for operating a spreading system consists in changing the spreading properties of the spreading head by introducing the spreading material between a first feeding area and at least one second feeding area of ​​the spreading head spaced apart from it in the production direction P, wherein the spreading material is introduced into the spreading head by means of a guide device that can be switched between the first and second feeding areas, and wherein at least one, preferably all, rollers of the roller arrangement are changed in their direction of rotation.

[0029] It may preferably be further provided that a discharge device arranged in the metering hopper is controlled in such a way that the spreading material is accelerated as planned on speed-dependent parabolic paths and thus selectively fed to a delivery area.

[0030] Alternatively or in combination, it can be provided that the rollers of a dissolving device, an optional distribution device and / or an orientation and / or spreading device rotate in or against the production direction, preferably corresponding to the dissolving device, depending on the selected application area.

[0031] Alternatively or in combination, it can be provided that a control device adjusts variable machine elements of the output device and / or the spreading head corresponding to the respective selected application area.

[0032] Advantageous training and further education programs, which can be used individually or in combination, are the subject of dependent claims.

[0033] By optionally feeding the spreading material via a first or a second feed area, a spreading mat with a modified layer sequence is advantageously available without requiring any conversion or downtime in the spreading system.

[0034] The spreading system according to the invention is preferably suitable for use in a manufacturing plant for the automated production of MDF, particleboard, or OSB panels, and in particular FineOSB panels. The former advantageously meet the mechanical requirements encountered in house and flooring construction, especially the flexural strength of a panel. The latter advantageously meet the generally increased aesthetic requirements, such as those demanded in furniture manufacturing. In particular, this panel has a surface that can be coated and / or printed.

[0035] Further advantages of the invention are described below with reference to exemplary embodiments and in conjunction with the drawing.

[0036] This schematically illustrates: Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a spreading system according to the invention for producing part of a spreading mat; Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a spreading system according to the invention for producing part of a spreading mat; and Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment comprising a combination of two spreading systems for producing a three-layer spreading mat.

[0037] In the following description of preferred embodiments for the production of material panels or the production of a granular mat for subsequent pressing / curing according to the present invention, the same reference numerals denote identical or comparable components. Besides its use in the production of a granular mat made of MDF (medium-density fiberboard) or chips, the production of a granular mat for an oriented granular board (OSB) is probably the most complex arrangement, and the invention demonstrates its greatest benefit in this area.

[0038] Fig. 1Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a spreading system 1 according to the invention for producing a part of a spreading mat 80, which is formed on an endlessly circulating forming belt 70 arranged in the direction of fall of a spreading material 99 under a spreading head 30, and which is pressed and / or hardened in particular in the course of the production of material sheets by means of pressure and / or heat in a press (not shown).

[0039] The in Fig. 1The illustrated system 1 comprises at least one metering hopper 10 for the at least temporary storage of spreading material 99 and a spreading head 30 for spreading the spreading material 99 onto the forming belt 70 arranged below the spreading head 30. The spreading head 30 has at least one feed opening 32 on its upper surface 31, through which spreading material 99 exiting the metering hopper 10 via a dispensing device 20 is fed to the spreading head 30. Accordingly, the spreading head 30 has at least one first feed area 321; 331 and at least one second feed area 322; spaced apart from this first feed area in or against the direction of production P, for feeding the spreading material 99. The different use of the feed areas significantly alters the spreading system of the spreading head, as will be shown below.Alternatively or in combination, changing the direction of rotation of one or more rollers in the spreading head can also bring about a meaningful change in the spreading system in the spreading head and thus a different structure of a spreading mat 80.

[0040] Thus, the spreading head 30 can have a feed opening 32 on its upper side 31, to which two feed areas 321, 322 are assigned.

[0041] Also in Fig. 1 It can be seen how the dispensing device 20 can include a discharge device 11 arranged in the metering hopper 10, which accelerates the spreading material 99 along speed-dependent parabolic paths and thus selectively feeds it to a feed area 321, 322. For example, with stronger acceleration, the spreading material 99 can be fed to the first feed area 321 (in Fig. 1(illustrated by a parabolic path shown as a solid arrow) and, with less strong acceleration, the spreading material 99 is fed to the second feed area 322 (in Fig. 1 (illustrated with a parabolic path represented as a dashed arrow).

[0042] Further details of the scattering head will be explained later.

[0043] Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows a second embodiment of a spreading system 1 according to the invention for producing a part of a spreading mat 80.

[0044] As in Fig. 2 As shown, the spreading head 30 can also have at least two feed openings 32; 33 on its upper surface 31, wherein each feed opening 32; 33 is assigned at least one feed area 321, 322; 331, 332. Thus, for example, as shown, the first feed opening 32 can have only one feed area 321 and the second feed opening 33 can have two feed areas 331 and 332 assigned to it.

[0045] Alternatively or cumulatively to the one in Fig. 1 The discharge device 11 shown can be equipped with a guide device 21 on the metering hopper 10 (as in Fig. 2 shown) and / or at the spreading head 30 and / or in between. In the Fig. 2 The illustrated embodiment shows how the spreading material 99 can be supplied by means of a guide device 21 directed towards the first application area 321, which application area 321 can be formed, for example, by the first opening 32.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of a spreading system 1, for the production of at least a portion of a spreading mat 80 comprising at least two spreading layers 83, 84, 85, a transverse orientation device 50, a longitudinal orientation device 40, a spoke spreading device (not shown), and / or a roller spreading device can be arranged in the spreading head 30 in the production direction P in any order above the forming belt 70 for the selective longitudinal, transverse, and / or unoriented spreading of the spreading material 99, each representing a spreading layer 83, 84, 85. A roller spreading device may, for example, be implemented as a dissolving device 34, but can also be arranged instead of the transverse orientation device 50 and / or the longitudinal orientation device 40.

[0047] Typical orientation devices include, in particular, longitudinal orientation devices 40 (with equally spaced discs 402 arranged in disc rollers 401) and transverse orientation devices 50 (with fan rollers 501), which deposit the spreading material 99 longitudinally or transversely onto a forming belt 70, respectively. Furthermore, so-called spoke spreading devices with spoke rollers (not shown) are also known, which deposit the spreading material 99 in any sequence in the production direction P onto a forming belt 70.

[0048] For the indirect feeding and separation of the spreading material 99, the arrangement of a dissolving device 34 in the spreading head 30 between the feeding areas 321, 331; 322, 332 and the devices 40, 50 has proven effective.

[0049] The dissolving device 34 preferably consists of spiked rollers 341, which, depending on the application, may be of different sizes or with different spike configurations (not shown). Optionally, a distribution device 35 (described below) with further fan rollers 351, for example with four fan sections, may be downstream of this. The dissolving device 34 and, if applicable, the distribution device 35 (unlike direct feeding) first achieve a large-area distribution of the spreading material 99 in the spreading head 30, and in particular also separate the spreading material into fine (KS, LS) and coarse (KB, LB) wood chip or shaving fractions along the length of the spreading head 30 in or against the direction of production P.

[0050] In the case of transverse orientation devices 50, which are characterized by a group of fan rollers 501 aligned perpendicular to the production direction P and parallel to each other with compartments 502 arranged thereon transversely to the production direction P, it is further preferred according to the invention to place a distribution device 35 made of fan rollers 351 with, for example, four compartments in front of them.

[0051] In order to separate the spreading material 99 into fine (LS, KS) and coarse parts (LB, KB) depending on a selected task area 321, 331; 322, 332, a dissolving device 34 with spiked rollers 341 that can be rotated in or against the production direction P has proven to be particularly effective according to the invention.

[0052] Thus, in the exemplary embodiments according to Fig. 1 and 2, by selecting the output opening 321 and the rotation direction of the dissolving device 34 in the production direction P, first fine wood chip fractions (KS, LS) onto a transverse orientation device 50 (with fan rollers 501 with, for example, eight fans) and coarse wood chip fractions (KB, LB) onto a longitudinal orientation device 40 (with disc rollers 401), which thus deposit the respective fractions transversely or longitudinally oriented onto the forming belt 70.

[0053] In contrast, the results achieved in Fig. 1 and 3 The illustrated embodiments, by selecting the output opening 322 and the rotation direction of the dissolving device 34 opposite to the production direction P (as shown in Fig. 1 and in Fig. 3 shown for the left scattering head 30 - the dissolving device 34 in the mirror-image right scattering head 30 of Fig. 3In contrast, with the production direction P), coarse shaving fractions (KB, LB) are now directed onto the transverse orientation device 50 (with fan rollers 501 comprising, for example, eight fan rollers 502) and finer wood chip fractions (KS, LS) are now directed onto the longitudinal orientation device 40 (with disc rollers 401), which deposit the respective fractions transversely or longitudinally oriented onto the forming belt 70.

[0054] Likewise, a design has also proven effective in which the rollers 351; 401, 501 of an optional distribution device 35 and / or an orientation 40, 50 and / or spreading device (not shown) can be rotated in or against the production direction P corresponding to the dissolving device 34, depending on the selected application area 321, 331; 322, 332.

[0055] In a further embodiment, it has proven advantageous to arrange a distribution device 35 and / or guide plates 36 between the dissolution device 34 and the devices 40, 50, wherein the guide plates 36 are preferably designed to be pivotable.

[0056] Finally, a control device 22 for adjusting variable machine elements of the dispensing device 20 and / or the spreading head 30 has proven effective for the selective feeding of the spreading material 99 via the first 321, 331 or the second 322, 332 feed area. The dispensing device 20 comprises, in particular, the discharge device 11 and the guide device 21, and the spreading head 30 comprises, in particular, the dissolving device 34, the distribution device 35, the guide plates 36 (where pivotable), and the longitudinal 40 and / or transverse orientation device 50 and / or a spoke spreading device (not shown).

[0057] Alternatively or cumulatively to separation as described above, a classification of wood chips or shavings into short (KS, KB) and long (LS, LB) fractions can prove advantageous. If, for the purpose of spreading the material 99 in the spreading head 30, at least one longitudinal orientation device 40 with a group of disc rollers 401 aligned perpendicular to the production direction P and parallel to each other, with parallel discs 402 aligned radially to the axial extent of the rollers 401, is arranged above the forming belt 70, then, for the purpose of classified spreading of the material 99 within a spreading layer, an embodiment is preferred in which, starting from one side of the group, the discs 402 within a disc roller 401 are arranged at a greater distance x from each other than the discs 402 of the following disc roller 401. In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 2Pre-separated coarse shavings (KB, LB) are fed onto the longitudinal orientation device 40. By selecting the disc spacing x in the production direction P from wide to narrow, first short, wide shavings (KB) are fed onto the forming belt 70, followed by long, wide shavings (LB). Furthermore, pre-separated fine wood shavings (KS, LS) are fed onto the transverse orientation device 50. The optional upstream distribution device 35, which preferably allows short shavings (KS) to pass through and directs long shavings (LS) in the production direction P, first short, narrow shavings (KS) are fed onto the forming belt 70, followed by long, narrow shavings (LS).

[0058] The in Fig. 2 The arrangement shown is particularly advantageous in the production of so-called OSB boards for house and floor covering construction with coarse (LB, KB) grit 99 on the outer layers 83, 85.

[0059] Fig. 3Figure 3 shows a third embodiment comprising a combination of two spreading systems 1, sometimes also referred to as a double-head spreading system, for producing a three-layer 83, 84, 85 spreading material mat 80 by means of two spreading heads 30 arranged in a mirror image to each other. The structure of the two spreading heads 30 is accordingly also arranged opposite to each other in the production direction P, so that after the formation of an outer layer 83, 85 of preferably longitudinally oriented fine particles (LS, KS) in the spreading material 99 by means of a longitudinal orientation device 40, a double spreading of transversely oriented coarse particles (KB, LB) in the spreading material 99 follows from the two transverse spreading devices 50 of the two spreading heads 30.This double spreading process creates a homogeneous layer of transversely oriented coarse (KB, LB) spreading material 99, which is then covered in the production direction (outlet side of the left spreading head 30) with a longitudinally oriented layer of fine (LS, KS) spreading material 99. This ultimately results in the production of a three-layer spreading material mat 80 consisting of two longitudinally oriented outer layers 83 and 85 and a transversely oriented inner layer 84. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in the production of so-called FineOSB for the furniture industry, with fine (LS, KS) spreading material 99 on the outer layers 83 and 85.

[0060] Unlike in Fig. 2 is shown in the Fig. 3In the illustrated embodiment, the spreading material 99 is fed by means of the guide device 21, which is now pivoted to the center of the spreading head 30 and aligned with the second application area 322, which application area 322 can, for example, be part of the first (one) opening 32.

[0061] By selectively feeding the spreading material 99 via a first 321; 331 or a second 322; 332 feed area, a spreading material mat 80 with a modified layer sequence is advantageously available without requiring a conversion and downtime in the spreading system 1.Since the shorter wood chips and / or shavings KS and KB tend to have a shorter dwell time on a longitudinal 40 or transverse 50 orientation device than the longer wood chips and / or shavings LS and LB, their deposit time in or against the production direction P can be determined via the selected feed area 321 or 322, whereas the longer wood chips and / or shavings LS and LB tend to be deposited essentially unseparated, i.e., without separation into narrow (KS, LS) and wide (KB, LB) wood chip and / or shaving fractions, in or against the production direction P, regardless of the selected feed area 321 or 322.

[0062] In summary, it has been shown that switching the application areas on a spreading head allows for changes to the spreading method or the formation of a spreading mat, making it useful for producing a wider variety of products. This can be achieved in particular by or in combination with changing the direction of rotation of one or more rollers in at least one roller spreading device (longitudinal, transverse, chip, fiber). For example, it would be possible to configure a spreading head according to Figure 2Thus, for example, it is possible to switch from pure longitudinal spreading, with feed opening 33 and rotation or material transport in the production direction of the dissolving device 34, to combined spreading (longitudinal and transverse) by changing the direction of rotation / material transport direction against (dashed arrows) the production direction P. If, for example, the other feed opening 32 is activated during this rotation of the rollers in the dissolving device 34, pure transverse spreading is now carried out. If, starting from this state, the direction of rotation of the dissolving device 34 is changed again to production direction P (solid arrows), combined spreading (longitudinal and transverse) is again carried out. Compared to the aforementioned combined spreading, however, the proportion of fine and coarse chips in the transverse and longitudinal spreading changes again with a classifying dissolving device 34. Reference numeral list P1515:

[0063] 1 Spreading unit 10 Metering hopper 11 Discharge device 20 Dispensing device 21 Guide device 22 Control device 30 Spreading head 31 Top 32 (First) feed opening 321 (First) feed area of ​​32 322 (Second) feed area of ​​32 33 (Second) feed opening 331 (First) feed area of ​​33 332 (Second) feed area of ​​33 34 Dissolving device 341 Spike rollers 35 Distributor 351 Fan rollers 36 Guide plate 40 Longitudinal orientation device 401 Disc rollers 402 Discs 50 Transverse orientation device 501 Fan rollers 502 Fans 70 Forming belt 80 Spreading mat 83 (Longitudinally oriented) outer layer 84 (Transversely oriented) inner layer 85 (longitudinally oriented) outer layer 99 Scatter material P Production direction x Distance State of the art

[0064] DE 10 2007 049 947 A1 DE 102 06 595 A1 EP 0 860 254 A1 EP 0 800 901 A1 DE 10 2013 226 510 A1

Claims

1. A scattering installation (1) for producing a scattered particle mat (80), which can be formed on a continuously circulating forming belt (70) arranged below a scattering head (30) in the falling direction of scattered particles (99), comprising at least one dosing bin (10) for at least temporarily receiving scattered particles (90), operatively connected to a discharge device (20) for the metered discharge of the scattered particles (99), and a scattering head (30) for scattering the scattered particles (99) onto the forming belt (70) arranged below the scattering head (30) to produce at least a portion of the scattered particle mat (80), wherein the scattering head (30) comprises at least one feed opening (32) for receiving the scattered particles (99) and at least one roller assembly with rollers (341, 351, 401, 502) for manipulating and / or scattering the scattered particles (99), characterized in that the scattering head (30) has at least one first feed region (321; 331) and at least one second feed region (322; 332) at a distance from the first region in the production direction (P) for feeding the scattered particles (99), wherein the discharge device (20) comprises a guide device (21) for selectively switching between the feed regions (321, 331; 322, 332), and in that at least one, preferably all, of the rollers (341, 351, 401, 502) in the roller assembly are capable of changing their direction of rotation.

2. The scattering installation (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the scattering head (30) has at least two feed openings (32; 33) on its upper side (31), wherein at least one feed region (321, 322; 331, 332) is assigned to each feed opening (32; 33).

3. The scattering installation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the discharge device (20) comprises a discharge mechanism (11) arranged in the dosing bin (10), which accelerates the scattered particles (99) in a planned manner along velocity-dependent parabolic trajectories and thereby feeds it selectively to a feed region (321, 322; 331, 332).

4. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide device (21) is arranged on the dosing bin (10), on the scattering head (30), and / or in between the latter.

5. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one separating scattering device for classifying the scattering material along the production direction (P) is arranged in the scattering head (30).

6. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein, for producing at least a portion of a scattered particle mat (80) comprising at least two scattering layers (83, 84, 85) that are scattered at least partially oriented, there are arranged in the scattering head (30) - a transverse orientation device (50), - a longitudinal orientation device (40), - a roller scattering device, and / or - a spoke scattering device in the production direction (P) in any order above the forming belt (70) for the selective, longitudinal, transverse and / or unoriented scattering of the scattered particles (99), each representing a scattering layer (83, 84, 85), characterized in that a dispersing device (34) is arranged in the scattering head (30) between the feed regions (321, 331; 322, 332) and the devices (40, 50) for separating the scattered particles (99).

7. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized by a dispersing device (34) with rollers, preferably spiked rollers (341), that can be set into rotation in or against the production direction (P) depending on the selected feed region (321, 331; 322, 332).

8. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rollers (351; 401, 501) of an optional distribution apparatus (35) and / or an orientation (40, 50) and / or scattering apparatus can also be set into rotation in or against the production direction (P) depending on the selected feed region (321, 331; 322, 332) in coordination with the dispersing device (34).

9. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims 7 or 8, characterized in that a distribution apparatus (35) and / or, preferably pivotable, deflector plates (36) are arranged between the dispersing device (34) and the devices (40, 50).

10. The scattering installation as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device (22) is provided for adjusting variable machine elements of the dosing bin (10), the discharge device (20), the guide device (21), and / or the scattering head (30) for the selective feed of the scattered particles (99) via the first (321, 331) or the second (322, 332) feed region.

11. The scattering installation (1) as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein for scattering the scattered particles (99) in the scattering head (30), at least one longitudinal orientation device (40) is provided, comprising a group of disc rollers (401) aligned parallel to one another and perpendicular to the production direction (P), with parallel discs (402) oriented radially to the axial extension of the rollers (401) and arranged above the forming belt (70), characterized in that starting from one side of the group, the discs (402) within a disc roller (401) are each spaced apart by a greater distance (x) than the discs (402) of the subsequent disc roller (401).

12. A method for operating a scattering installation (1) for producing a scattered particle mat (80), which is formed on a continuously circulating forming belt (70) arranged below a scattering head (30) in the falling direction of scattered particles, (99), wherein the scattered particles (99) are at least temporarily received in a dosing bin (10) and are fed by a discharge device (20) from a feed opening (32) of a scattering head (30) for handling and / or scattering the scattered particles (99) by means of at least one roller assembly with rollers (341, 351, 401, 502) onto the forming belt (70) arranged underneath the scattering head (30) for the production of at least a portion of the scattered particle mat (80), characterized in that to change the scattering characteristics of the scattering head (30), the feed of the scattered particles (99) is switched between a first feed region (321; 331) and at least one second feed region (322; 332) of the scattering head (30) spaced apart from the first feed region in the production direction (P), wherein the scattered particles (99) are fed into the scattering head (30) by means of a guide device (21) that can be selectively switched between the first (321; 331) and second feed region (322; 332), and the direction of rotation of at least one, preferably all, of the rollers (341, 351, 401, 502) of the roller assembly is changed.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein a discharge mechanism (11) of the discharge device (20), arranged in the dosing bin (10), is controlled such that the scattered particles (99) are accelerated in a planned manner along velocity-dependent parabolic trajectories and is thus selectively fed to a feed region (321, 322; 331, 332).

14. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims 12 to 13, wherein the rollers (341, 351; 401, 501) of a dispersing device (34), an optional distribution apparatus (35), and / or an orientation (40, 50) and / or scattering apparatus are rotated in a manner dependent on the selected feed region (321, 322; 331, 332) in or against the production direction (P), preferably in correspondence with the dispersing device (34).

15. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims 12 to 14, wherein a control device (22) adjusts variable machine elements of the discharge device (20) and / or the scattering head in accordance with the respectively selected feed region (321, 322; 331, 332).