Kruemmer, in particular reverse bending headers with a locking device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DEB0031322
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 1955-03-31
- Filing Date
- 1954-06-09
- Publication Date
- 1956-02-16
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing tube furnaces in the petroleum industry face issues with severe loads on closure elements due to lost pressure acting on cleaning openings, leading to thread deformation and seizure, especially at peak loads, necessitating oversized components to maintain sealing.
A novel plug closure system with a conical plug and sealing ring design that transfers internal pressure to the manifold wall, reducing stress on pressure screws and allowing for a lighter, more compact design.
The new design reduces weight and overall height by 20% and 35%, respectively, while preventing thread overload and deformation, ensuring a secure seal without excessive stress on closure elements.
Description
[0001] Bend, in particular reverse bend with closure device The invention relates to a bend with plug closure for tube furnaces, especially distillation and cracking furnaces of the petroleum industry.
[0002] To enable cleaning of the tube furnaces, the known bends are provided with cleaning openings (plug closures). Efforts are being made to keep the height of the reversing bends as small as possible in order to minimize the dimensions of the furnaces. can. Since the weight of the reverse exhaust manifold also affects the supporting structure, the use of the lightest possible reverse exhaust manifolds is recommended. expedient. In the known reversing bends, the entire pressure acting on the cleaning opening closures must pass through. the locking elements were absorbed. This resulted in heavy stresses on the locking mechanism and the reversing manifold, which primarily The screws had to be inserted through the threads of the pressure screws. To ensure a tight seal of the cleaning openings, it was necessary to... Consequently, considerable contact pressures are applied to the sealing elements, e.g., conical plugs, sealing rings, etc. This is especially true for the threads. The pressure screws were subjected to heavy stress as a result, and there was a risk of damage. Overloading, deformation, and thread galling, especially under peak loads, can occur. This can be achieved through appropriate- The large dimensions of the locking elements had to be taken into account.
[0003] According to the invention, a bend is provided with a novel plug closure, which results in a lower weight and a This allows for a lower overall height of the manifold. The closure consists of a substantially conical sealing plug, the... larger base is directed towards the interior of the manifold, and a sealing ring with a conical inner surface is further provided, which is held on the closure plug by a closure part in such a way that its inner surface rests on the conical base of the closure plug and its outer surface lies against the wall of the opening of the bend.
[0004] Preferably, a gap is provided between the sealing plug and a projection of the sealing ring such that after The sealing ring can be easily removed by loosening the locking mechanism with a tool that engages in the gap. It may be equipped with relaxation chambers, e.g. with grooves.
[0005] An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
[0006] Fig. i shows a reverse bend according to the invention in longitudinal section; Fig. 2 shows the reverse bend in the left part as a section after the Line II-II of Fig. i and in the right part in top view.
[0007] The housing i of the reverse bend is provided with two openings ?- and 3 into which the pipes to be connected enter and Openings 2 and 3 are fastened and sealed in a known manner. Opposite openings 2 and 3 are openings 4 and 5, which are connected by Sealing elements are closed. A sealing device according to the invention is shown in opening 5.
[0008] The sealing device consists of a sealing plug 6, which has a cylindrical extension that fits loosely into the lower part io the opening 5 fits into. The upper part of the sealing plug 6 is conical. Between the conical part of the sealing plug 6 and A sealing ring 7 is arranged on the wall of the reversing manifold opening to be closed, the inner surface of which is conical and on which The conical part of the sealing plug 6 rests on the sealing ring. A suitable closure element, e.g., a screw device 9, secures the sealing ring 7 to the sealing ring. Cone of the sealing plug 6 pressed.
[0009] The upper side of the sealing plug 6 and the sealing ring 7 are designed such that a release device for loosening the The sealing ring can be easily attached. In the present embodiment, there is a gap between the upper part of the A sealing plug 6 and an annular projection ii of the sealing ring 7 are provided, so that after loosening the sealing part 9 the ring can be easily removed with a tool. The sealing plug 6 has a projection 12, which allows for easy removal of the Sealing plug; e.g. with pliers, etc., is possible.
[0010] The sealing ring 7 can be smooth on its circumference, or it can be provided with suitable expansion chambers, e.g. with grooves B.
[0011] In the manifold according to the invention, the special design of the closure elements prevents the existing [something] in the manifold from [something]. Internal pressure is used for sealing, so that the pressure screws are largely relieved of pressure. The internal pressure acting on the plug is reduced by The conical shape of the plug 6 and the correspondingly shaped sealing ring 7 is largely located on the housing wall. The sealing ring 7 is transferred by the plug pressure and by utilizing the counter-pressure of the closure part 9 against the housing wall. pressed. This results in a significantly lower pressure acting on the closing part 9 than in known embodiments using pressure screws. had to be absorbed. Due to the static friction of the sealing ring 7 against the housing wall, the screw--8 is relieved of such stress that each excessive stress on the thread, etc., is avoided.
[0012] The invention makes it possible to dimension the housing of the reverser significantly smaller, so that weight and material Savings are achieved and the overall height is significantly reduced. A comparison of this reverse bend according to the invention with a known one Under the same operating stresses, the reverse bend resulted in a weight saving of approximately 20% and a reduction in overall height of approximately 35%. ° / a.
[0013] The arrangement according to the invention is not limited to the described type of construction; it can, for example, also be applied These are applied to closures that are not located on the axis of a pipe connected to the elbow. For elbows that form a group of pipes... When connecting to another group of pipes, it may be possible to provide fewer cleaning openings than there are pipes. The manifold according to the invention can be used up to the highest internal pressure loads.
Claims
[0014] PATENT CLAIMS: i. Bend, in particular reverse bend with closure device, characterized by a closure plug (6) with a conical part, the larger base of which is directed towards the interior of the manifold, and a sealing ring (7) with a conical inner surface, which is held on the closure plug (6) by a closure part (9) in such a way that its inner surface rests on the conical projection of the the sealing plug (6) and its outer surface rests against the wall of the opening to be sealed.
2. Manifold according to claim i, characterized in that between the sealing plug (6) and a projection (ii) of the sealing ring (7) a gap is provided such that after the locking part (9) is released by a tool engaging in the gap the sealing ring (7) can be easily removed.
3. Manifold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealing ring (7) with relaxation chambers, e.g. grooves (8), are provided.