Arrangement for supporting window or door elements and mounting method for such arrangement

Abstract

A device for supporting a profile rail (30, 30') on the parapet of a wall opening comprises a support element (10) and a bracket (20). The support element (10) has parallel guide elements (15, 16) on its upper surface for arranging the profile rail (30, 30'). The bracket is designed as an L-shaped component with two legs (21, 22). The profile rail (30, 30') is designed as a rigid, longitudinally extended profile element with a U, C, I, double-T cross-section or as a hollow box and has a lower surface (38) designed such that the profile rail can be arranged to be longitudinally displaceable on the upper surface (11) of the support element (10) and engages positively in the guide elements (15, 16) of the support element (10).A mounting method comprises placing a support element (10) on the parapet of a wall opening, aligning the support element (10) such that the stop surface (18) rests flat against an edge of the wall opening (41), attaching the brackets (20) to the support element (10) and a surface of the wall such that the second leg (22) rests flat against the surface of the wall (40) and the first leg (21) rests on the support element (10). The brackets (20) are fixed to the support element (10) and to the surface of the wall by means of fasteners. The profile rail (30, 30') is placed on the support element as an element, aligned, and fastened.

Description

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0001] In modern multi-layer building envelopes, the proper installation of window and door frames is an important task, especially because such a building envelope consists of a variety of functional materials of varying thickness, strength, and load-bearing capacity. A frame is placed in an area of ​​the building envelope that is energy-efficient or specified by building regulations, but this does not have to be identical to a load-bearing wall section.

[0002] Furthermore, materials containing a very high proportion of insulating pores or air chambers, such as vertically perforated bricks or aerated concrete with low compressive strength classes, are often used in the construction of load-bearing walls. If, for example, floor-to-ceiling, multi-glazed windows or doors are to be anchored in such materials in a fall-proof manner, state-of-the-art anchoring measures are insufficient. STATE OF THE ART

[0003] To fasten windows and doors or general building components in building openings, mounting devices are often used which have both holding and adjustment elements. As shown in EP 0 945 577 or EP 1 500 767, these are devices such as profile rails which are attached horizontally to the parapet and to which a threaded rod is attached at a right angle to one end (aligned vertically after installation). The upper end of the threaded rod is usually provided with brackets which are vertically adjustable along the longitudinal axis of the thread. This makes it possible to fasten a window or door in a wall opening and to adjust the component. However, due to the additional functionality, such adjustment elements are not cheap to manufacture. Although the adjustment options can be implemented precisely and self-locking with threaded elements, they require some installation effort.

[0004] EP 0 945 577 also shows a supplementary bracket designed as an angle. Its first leg is force-fitted to the horizontal profile rail, while the second leg is attached to the interior wall of the building envelope and can be anchored there to the second row of bricks using fasteners.

[0005] DE 10 2018 117 362 A1 shows an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0006] Despite the improved transfer of loads from the window via the mounting device using the profile rail and bracket, these systems quickly reach their limits, especially with non-compression-resistant materials in the load-bearing wall or with vertically perforated bricks. A particular problem is that, in the area of ​​the parapet, it is impossible or very difficult to insert fasteners such as screws or dowel-screw combinations into the material, which has low compressive strength.

[0007] The object of the present invention is therefore to offer a fastening system which is more resilient than the prior art, which can be used with little effort, requires little assembly effort on the construction site and is compatible with existing prior art systems. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. The subclaims describe further useful variants and embodiments.

[0009] The basic idea is to provide additional support for a known system, such as that shown in EP 1 500 767, consisting of a profile rail with an adjustment element for accommodating a window or door frame at a wall opening. This is achieved in such a way that the force is not introduced directly from the profile rail into the parapet (or reveal), but rather the resulting forces are diverted by a support element and a bracket to wall regions more suitable for force introduction.

[0010] A suitably designed device for supporting a profile rail on the parapet (or reveal, if applicable) of a wall opening is described below. The profile rail, in turn, is part of a bracket for a window or door frame. The support device comprises: A support element that is designed as an essentially flat component and serves as a base or holder for the profile rail. It has a longitudinal axis A (relative to the longitudinal dimension), a top side, a bottom side, and a front end and a rear end (also related to the longitudinal dimension). The front end refers to the longitudinal end of the component that is oriented towards the outside of the wall (during installation), while the rear end is directed towards the inside of the building. The bottom side rests on the parapet when installed. The device further comprises a bracket that is force-fitted to the support element when installed.

[0011] According to the invention, the support element is characterized as follows: Guide elements are arranged on the top side, parallel to the longitudinal axis A. They serve to guide (center, orient) the profile rail. At the front end, the support element has an angled bevel that provides a stop surface. Ideally, the bevel is designed as an angle profile so that the support element can be placed flat on the parapet in the installed position. The bevel encompasses one edge of the parapet, and the stop surface is flush with the outside of the wall.

[0012] The following applies to the bracket: It is designed as an L-shaped component with two legs that form an angle of essentially 90° at their common apex. The legs are usually of different lengths. The first leg has a connecting end with a fastening point. The fastening point refers to a desired connection point, which can be designed as a through-hole, groove, blind hole, embossing, threaded hole or generally as a connection point or even just as a surface marking (graining, colored dot). Other variants, in conjunction with a complementary second fastening point, would be a hook-and-eye connection or an equivalent, force-fitting connection type. The second leg has a fastening end and one or more openings arranged on the second leg. The second leg is usually, but not necessarily, longer than the first.The openings serve as guides for fasteners such as screws or functionally similar retaining elements. Multiple openings can be provided to give the installer flexibility in placement or to accommodate multiple fasteners.

[0013] According to the invention, the connecting end of the bracket and the rear end of the support element can be connected to each other in a force-locking manner (during assembly).

[0014] During installation, the bracket and the support element are connected to each other via the fastening point on the bracket. The angled design of the bracket allows the first leg to be attached or placed flat on the support element, while the second leg rests on the inside of the building wall. The connection between the support element and the bracket is suggested (preferably) as a screw connection, e.g., using a self-drilling and / or self-tapping screw. However, the connection can also be achieved using other, known fastening methods.

[0015] In a next embodiment, a substantially flat, flat contact surface without elevations is provided on the upper side of the support element at the front end. This can be achieved by not arranging the guide elements described above in the area of ​​the contact surface. In other words, the end of the support element facing the exterior of the building can be described as a flat support.

[0016] The preferred materials for the support element and the bracket are sheet steel or a fiber-reinforced composite. In the case of steel, the components can be manufactured in one piece from sheet metal using cold forming processes such as bending, punching, etc. Fiber-reinforced composite components can be manufactured from GRP or CFRP by injection molding, embossing, punching, and hot pressing, with additives, for example, to influence non-flammability and low-temperature elasticity.

[0017] The guide elements on the support element can be manufactured as beads, embossed sections, and / or as side guides created by bending the edges. Furthermore, recesses or cutouts can be provided on the support element to reduce weight.

[0018] During assembly, the support element and bracket are attached to the structure, and the profile rail is then attached to the support element. Such a combination is referred to below as an assembly, consisting of a support element with bracket ("device") and a profile rail, where: The profile rail is designed as a U-, C-, I-, double-T-shaped or as an elongated hollow box, rigid, longitudinally extended profile element with webs that act as longitudinal stiffeners. The profile rail has an underside designed so that the profile rail can be arranged on the top side of the support element so that it can be moved longitudinally along the A axis. This is done functionally in interaction with the guide elements on the support element (side guides). This allows the position of the window / door frame to be adjusted within the (wall) opening. The profile rail engages positively with the guide elements of the support element. Depending on manufacturing tolerances, the positive fit may have a certain amount of play.

[0019] To facilitate the connection between the profile rail and the support element, the profile rail has openings designed as through-holes, blind holes, or indentations. These serve as attachment points or guides for fasteners that firmly connect the profile rail to the support element. Preferred fasteners are self-tapping screws, which can thus create a precisely located and strong connection.

[0020] According to the invention, the profile rail has a mount at one longitudinal end for a plate-like, flat table element. This table element can serve as a mount for blocks with which the height of a window / door frame can be adjusted.

[0021] This particular design can be supplemented by a support bracket with two legs that form a right angle. The first leg of the support bracket is placed on the profile rail and / or the support element in a form-fitting, yet longitudinally adjustable manner. It has attachment points for connection to the profile rail. The second leg has at least one opening for fasteners, which serve to connect a door or window frame to be secured with the support bracket. An installer will therefore place as many leveling blocks as necessary on the table-like surface of the profile rail and then secure this position with a support bracket, which thereby connects the frame to the profile rail.

[0022] The plate-like, flat table element can be designed as a plastic element and have a mandrel, a pin or a holder, which in turn can be inserted into the receptacle of the profile rail or plugged onto it and there is a clamping or snapping fixation.

[0023] A procedure for mounting such an arrangement of support element / bracket and a profile rail on the parapet of a wall opening can be described with the following steps: Placing a support element on the parapet of a wall opening with the underside facing the wall or wall surface / parapet surface, aligning the support element in such a way that the stop surface lies flat against an edge of the wall opening (the stop surface on the outside wall) Placing the bracket simultaneously on the support element and a surface of the wall (inside) in such a way that the second leg lies flat against the surface of the wall and the first leg lies on the support element Fastening the bracket to the support element using a fastener Fastening the bracket to the surface of the wall (inside) using a fastener.

[0024] The process is further developed in that the support element has no direct and immediate attachment to a wall surface. This means that no fastener is specifically designed to connect the support element to the parapet surface or the masonry. The stop surface of the stop element and the bracket create a clamp that can safely transfer all forces acting on a window element / frame into the masonry. The stop surface of the support element specifically distributes the pressure on the window / door to the masonry over a large area – better than a single screw connection can achieve.

[0025] The described arrangement is particularly useful when a heavy window / door element needs to be anchored in a wall made of highly porous material or (highly) perforated bricks, where attaching the support element to the parapet is either difficult or technically impractical. Especially with heavy door / window elements, the introduction of force into the brick row directly at the wall opening is neither desirable nor permitted. By selecting an appropriate length for the second leg of the bracket, the anchoring point can be relocated further from the wall opening. DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS

[0026] Figure 1 shows a support element Figure 2 shows a bracket Figure 3 shows a bracket in a state-of-the-art design Figure 4 shows a support angle Figure 5 shows an installation situation of a support element and a bracket on a wall opening Figure 6 shows the installation situation of Figure 4completed with an additional profile rail

[0027] Figure 1 shows a support element 10 according to the invention in an oblique view of the upper side 11. The longitudinal axis A is marked with a dashed line. Essentially, two longitudinal sections can be seen. At the front end 13, the flat contact surface 17 can be seen, which merges into a beveled angle element, which forms a stop surface 18 that merges into the underside 12 of the support element. The second longitudinal section extends towards the rear end 14. The second longitudinal section also shows the two guide elements 15 and 15, which are designed as bent edges or webs aligned parallel to the axis A. Feature 19 shows a recess in the area of ​​the contact surface 17, which serves to save weight.

[0028] Figure 2shows the supplementary bracket 20 with its first (short) leg 21, which contains the connecting end 23, and the second leg 22, which forms the fastening end 24. A fastening point 25 is indicated at the connecting end 23; two holes 26, 26' are shown as examples at the fastening end 24. Their location and dimensions will be selected by a specialist depending on the requirements profile.

[0029] Figure 3 shows a profile rail 30, as it is already known in the prior art as a holding element. In Figure 3 A variant with a profile rail 30 designed essentially as a U-body is shown, with the webs 35 and 36 providing longitudinal rigidity. The underside 38 of the profile rail 30 is dimensioned such that it can be attached to the top side of the support element 10 in a form-fitting manner. Feature 34 is an opening through which a fastener can be guided to the support element 10 (not shown in Figure 3 ).

[0030] Figure 4 shows a reinforced 30' version of a profile rail. The design is constructed as a hollow box with a largely closed cross-section and lateral webs 35, 36. Technically analogous to the simple 30' profile rail, holes 34, 34',... are provided at one longitudinal end through which fasteners can be inserted. The recess at the other longitudinal end of the 30' profile rail shows the receptacle 32, which can serve as an interface to the table element 31. The recess allows the same table element 31 to be used for a type 30 profile rail, identical to the type 30'.

[0031] Figure 5 shows a combination of profile rail 30 with a plate-like, flat table element 31. The connection is made via the here concealed holder 32, into which a mandrel or pin engages on the underside of the table element 31.

[0032] Figure 6 shows, in further training of Figure 5, the combination of profile rail 10 / table element 31 with a support element 10. The webs 35 and 36, in conjunction with the guide elements 15, 16, result in a positive connection in the transverse direction. The profile rail 30 remains longitudinally displaceable until it is fixed by a fastener 45. The profile rail 30 rests, among other things, on the contact surface 17. The attachment of the support element 10 via bracket 20 is in Figures 8 and 9 shown in Figure 6 omitted.

[0033] Figure 7 shows a support bracket 50. A first leg 52 is designed to be mounted on a profile rail similar Figure 3 or Figure 4To this end, it can have guide lugs, edges, or webs 51, 53 that support alignment on the profile rail. A second leg 54 is arranged essentially at right angles to the first leg 52. Both legs have bores, openings, slots, or connection points 56, 58, 58', ... to properly attach the support bracket to a profile rail 30 or 30'.

[0034] The arrangement of a single fastening opening / bore 58 on the first leg 52, laterally on the guide edges or webs 51, 53, has the advantage that a fastener inserted there is only anchored in the profile rail and is subjected to shear load instead of tensile load.

[0035] The Figures 8 and 9show two installation situations of a device according to the invention on a wall opening. A section of a wall 40 is shown with a parapet or parapet surface 42. A support element 10 rests on the parapet surface 42, so that the stop surface 18 engages around an edge 41 of the wall opening and rests against one side (outside) of the wall opening. The bracket 20 is connected to the support element 10 on the parapet side (attachment point 46 on the short leg 21) and, on the other hand, is anchored or screwed (via opening 20) to the inside 44 of the wall opening by the second leg 22.

[0036] Figure 9 further shows how a profile rail 30 can be arranged on the support element 10 and secured by a fastener 45. The shown variant of the profile rail 30 has the plate-like, flat table element 31 at its longitudinal end. Also shown is an attached angle element 50.

[0037] The figures shown represent preferred embodiments.

Claims

1. Arrangement for supporting a profile rail (30, 30') on the sill (42) of a wall opening, wherein the profile rail (30, 30') is part of a holder for a window or door frame; the arrangement comprising: - a support element (10) having a longitudinal axis A, an upper side (11), a lower side (12), a front end (13) and a rear end (14); - a bracket (20); and - a profile rail (30, 30'); wherein the support element (10) - has guide elements (15, 16) on the upper side (11) for the profile rail (30, 30'), which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis A; - has an angularly designed folded edge at the front end (13) which provides a stop face (18); wherein the bracket (20) - is configured as an L-shaped component having two legs (21, 22) which form an angle of substantially 90° at the common vertex; - wherein the first leg (21) has a connecting end (23) with a fastening point (25); - and the second leg (22) has a fastening end (24) and one or more openings (26, 26', ...) arranged on the second leg; wherein the profile rail (30, 30') is designed as a flexurally rigid, longitudinally extended profile element which is configured in cross-section as a U, C, I, double-T (30) or as a hollow box (30') and has webs (35, 36) which act as longitudinal stiffeners; characterized in that - the profile rail (30, 30') has an underside (38) which is configured such that the profile rail (30, 30') can be arranged on the upper side (11) of the support element (10) in a longitudinally displaceable manner along the axis A; - the profile rail (30, 30') engages in a form-fitting manner in the guide elements (15, 16) of the support element (10); and - the connecting end (23) of bracket (20) and the rear end (14) of the support element (10) can be connected to one another in a force-fitting manner.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a substantially planar bearing surface (17) designed to be flat without elevations is provided on the top side (11) at the front end (13) of the support element (10).

3. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element (10) is made in one piece from sheet steel or a fiber composite material.

4. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening point (25) on the bracket (20) is designed as a through-bore, as a blind hole, as an embossed area or as a surface marking.

5. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide elements (15, 16) on the support element (10) are designed as beads, embossed areas and / or as side guides produced in the edge region by folding.

6. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more recesses (19) or cutouts are provided on the support element (10) for weight reduction.

7. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the second leg (22) of the bracket (20) is made in one piece as a stamped and bent part from sheet steel or a composite material.

8. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile rail (30, 30') has one or more openings (34, 34', 34") which are designed as through-bores, blind holes or embossings and serve as fastening points or as guides for fasteners which can connect the profile rail (30) to the support element (10) in a force-fitting manner.

9. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile rail (30, 30') has at one longitudinal end a receiver (32) for a plate-like, flat table element (31).

10. Arrangement according to the preceding claims, characterized in that a supporting bracket (50) is also provided, the first leg (52) of which can be placed on the profile rail (30) and / or the support element (10) in a form-fitting but longitudinally displaceable manner and has at least one fastening point (58) for connection to the profile rail (30); and the second leg (54) of which has at least one opening (56) for fasteners for connecting a door or window frame to be secured to the supporting bracket (50).

11. Arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the plate-like, flat table element (31) is designed as a plastic element and has a mandrel, a peg or a holder which can be inserted into the receiver (32) of the profile rail (30, 30') or placed on it and is fixed there in a clamping or latching manner.

12. Method for mounting an arrangement according to claims 1 to 11 on the sill (42) of a wall opening, comprising the following steps of: - placing a support element (10) on the sill (42) of a wall opening with the underside (12) facing the wall (40), - aligning the support element (10) in such a way that the stop surface (18) rests flat against an edge (41) of the wall opening, - placing the bracket (20) simultaneously against the support element (10) and a surface (44) of the wall (40) in such a way that - the second leg (22) lies flat against the surface of the wall (40) and - the first leg (21) lies against the support element (10), - fastening the bracket (20) to the support element (10) by means of a fastener (46) - fastening the bracket (20) to the surface (44) of the wall (40) by means of a fastener.

13. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the support element (10) is not directly and immediately fastened to a wall surface.

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