Bearing device for plate elements, plate assembly comprising at least one plate element and at least four bearing devices for plate elements, kit comprising at least four bearing devices for plate elements and a bonding agent, and method for laying a plate assembly

Abstract

A storage device for panel elements, comprising a lower support surface for placing the storage device on a surface layer and at least two upper support elements; wherein each support element is designed to support an edge or corner area of ​​a panel element and includes an adhesion-promoting layer for promoting adhesion between the edge area and / or the corner area of ​​a panel element and the support element.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a storage device for panel elements as well as a kit comprising at least four storage devices for panel elements and an adhesion promoter, a panel composite, and a method for laying a panel composite.

[0002] It is already known from the prior art to bond slab elements, especially ceramic slab elements, to a substrate or load distribution layer, such as a concrete slab, bond or floating screed (indoors and outdoors), or to lay them in a mortar bed applied to the substrate, in order to form a firm bond.

[0003] From EP 3 431 680 A1, a slab support for a slab-shaped floor covering is known. The slab support has a base body with a bottom and a spaced-apart top with at least one bearing surface onto which at least one slab element of the slab-shaped floor covering can be placed. The slab support has at least one upwardly projecting contact element on the top of the base body, which provides a lateral stop for a slab element resting on the bearing surface. The slab support has a flat laying surface on its underside for laying on a substrate. The slab support has an adhesive layer that at least partially covers the flat laying surface, so that the slab support can be laid on the substrate by pressing it down.

[0004] WO 2020 / 152520 A1 describes a terrace base suitable for holding one or more decking boards at a distance from an underlying surface, with a support plate suitable for supporting one or more decking boards, wherein the support plate is provided with a leveling element for the one or more decking boards, the leveling element being made of a bituminous material.

[0005] It is also already known to lay the aforementioned panel elements, for example outdoors, in a so-called loose bond, whereby the panel elements are laid across their entire surface on a bed of fill material such as gravel or crushed stone. Furthermore, laying them in a loose bond using appropriate support devices, such as pedestals, is also known.

[0006] A disadvantage of the loose connection is that the plate elements can shift, tilt, or even lift off.

[0007] Based on the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved bearing device, a panel assembly, and a laying method for a panel assembly, by which an improved bond between the bearing devices and the panel elements applied thereto can be achieved. In particular, according to the invention, tilting or slipping of the panels and lifting within the laid panel assembly are avoided, thereby making it possible to transmit or apply higher forces to the panel assembly.

[0008] According to the invention, the problem of a first aspect of the present invention is solved by a bearing device for panel elements, which comprises a lower bearing surface on which the bearing device can be placed or set down on a covering layer, wherein the bearing device further comprises at least two upper support elements. Each support element is designed to support an edge or corner region of a panel element and comprises an adhesion-promoting layer to facilitate adhesion between the support element and the edge and / or corner region of a panel element placed on the bearing device.

[0009] The design of an adhesion-promoting layer, particularly an adhesive layer, offers the advantage of creating a bond between the support structures and the plate elements resting on them. This makes it difficult or even impossible for the plate elements to lift off the support structures. Tilting or slipping due to the localized application of forces to the plate elements resting on the support structures is reliably prevented by the adhesion-promoting layer, even when using thin plate elements such as ceramic plates, despite their low weight. Furthermore, the inclusion of the adhesion-promoting layer allows for an increase in the transverse forces that can be transmitted between the support structure and the plate element.

[0010] The surface layer onto which the support device for the panel elements is placed is a layer of a loose building material or fill material, in particular a bed of gravel with a defined thickness, wherein the gravel is applied to a substrate to create a surface that is as horizontal as possible or slopes upwards or downwards at a defined angle. According to the invention, the surface layer can also be a bonded fill material used indoors for leveling or insulation. To ensure a load-bearing surface, the surface layer can be compacted. However, the aforementioned surface layer can also be, for example, a cast concrete slab on whose surface the support element is placed.

[0011] The plate elements placed on the support device are, for example, ceramic plate elements. These ceramic plate elements can have a thickness ranging from 10 mm to 50 mm, preferably from 20 mm to 40 mm.

[0012] The support elements may preferably have a thickness in the range of 2 to 4 mm, particularly preferably 3 mm, especially if they are made of a plastic material.

[0013] The panel elements preferably have a square or rectangular base shape. However, panel elements with different base shapes, such as triangular, hexagonal, or octagonal shapes, or other basic shapes known from the panel industry, can also be used and laid in a composite configuration. To form the desired panel composite system, the aforementioned panel elements are partially placed onto the support elements with their corner or edge areas. The panel elements, preferably ceramic panel elements, have two opposing surfaces as top and bottom, which are connected to each other via the side surfaces, the height of which defines the height or thickness of the composite element. Two side surfaces abut each other at a corner of the panel element.

[0014] According to the invention, it can be provided that each support element comprises a support surface for placing the edge or corner area of ​​a bottom surface of a plate element and that the adhesion-promoting layer is applied at least partially to the plate support surface.

[0015] According to a first aspect of the invention, each support element comprises at least one opening and / or recess for receiving the material forming the adhesion-promoting layer, particularly in the area of ​​the plate bearing surface. When applied to the support device, the material forming the adhesion-promoting layer, for example in a liquid or paste-like state, can penetrate the openings or recesses and / or pass through the at least one opening of the respective support element. Upon penetration, the material forming the adhesion-promoting layer can, if necessary, partially or completely enclose the support element. This effect is enhanced during the application of the plate elements solely by the weight of the plate itself, as well as by tapping or vibrating the plate elements during installation and adjustment of the final alignment of the plate element within the assembly.The adhesion-promoting layer can, for example, set or harden after a defined period of time. The provision of openings or recesses enables a positive fit between the adhesion-promoting layer and the support device, thereby further increasing the bond between the aforementioned parts.

[0016] According to the first aspect of the invention, it is further provided that at least one undercut for receiving the material forming the adhesion-promoting layer is formed in the at least one opening and / or recess opposite the bearing surface. In an exemplary embodiment, the recess can be designed, at least in cross-section, as a dovetail profile as an undercut.

[0017] The formation of undercuts opposite the plate bearing surface of the support elements in the openings or recesses has the advantage that, after curing or solidification of the adhesion-promoting layer, a bond with the bearing device is created solely due to the resulting positive locking of the material of the adhesion-promoting layer that has penetrated the opening and / or recess.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the invention, it is provided that each support element on the surface facing the plate element is designed with several retaining elements projecting in the direction of the plate element, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the retaining elements increases from the support element in the direction of the plate element.

[0019] Preferably, at least one of the support elements can be mounted in a height-adjustable manner relative to the bearing surface. This height adjustment allows for compensation of unevenness in the substrate, variations in thickness, and / or deviations from an ideally flat slab shape. Furthermore, the slab elements can be mounted at an angle relative to an imaginary horizon, for example, to ensure water runoff from the slab element.

[0020] According to a preferred aspect, it can further be provided that the base surface is connected to at least one support element via a screw connection, wherein the longitudinal axis of the screw connection is essentially orthogonal to the base surface for height adjustment of the at least one support element relative to the base surface.

[0021] It may also be possible to mount the bearing surface to the support element by means of a hinged connection and, in particular, to provide a ball joint between the aforementioned elements. By providing a hinged connection between the bearing surface and the support element, it is ensured that the actual bearing surface of the bearing device can always align itself parallel to the underside of the supporting plate element, thus achieving the largest possible bearing area.

[0022] It can further be provided that the support element includes at least one separating web, wherein the at least one separating web is formed between the at least two support elements and projects in the direction of the plate elements to be placed on top of it to form at least one joint web.

[0023] Preferably, the adhesion-promoting layer is formed by an adhesive selected from the group consisting of polyaddition adhesives, polycondensation adhesives, and polymerization adhesives, in particular a polyurethane adhesive or a methyl methacrylate adhesive and / or mineral adhesives. The adhesion-promoting layer can be formed from a mineral adhesive, preferably a setting adhesive, for example, a cement-based adhesive. The mineral adhesive typically contains a polymer dispersion.

[0024] Typical compositions include, for example: a) 10 - 50 wt.% of a hydraulic binder, b) 20 - 55 wt.% of a mineral filler, c) 10 - 20 wt.% polymer.

[0025] Such mineral adhesives are used, for example, as tile adhesive.

[0026] It can be a ready-mixed mortar or a dry mortar.

[0027] Alternatively, according to the invention, the adhesion-promoting layer can be designed in the form of a double-sided adhesive tape or in the form of adhesive pads.

[0028] The bearing device can be made of plastic or metal.

[0029] The bearing device can preferably be designed in one piece as a disk, wherein the underside of the disk forms the contact surface and the top of the disk forms at least two support elements, the support elements being designed in the form of bearing surfaces as surface portions of the top of the disk.

[0030] According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to a kit comprising at least four bearing devices for plate elements with the features according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the adhesion promoter is configured to form an adhesion-promoting layer between an edge and / or corner region of a plate element and the support element.

[0031] According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a panel assembly comprising at least one panel element and at least four bearing devices according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the at least one panel element comprises a panel top surface for forming a floor covering layer, as well as a panel bottom surface opposite the top surface, wherein at least one support element of each bearing device is connected to an edge and / or corner region of the at least one panel element via an adhesion-promoting layer.

[0032] According to a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to a method for laying a composite of panels, comprising the following method steps: A) Providing at least one plate element, an adhesion promoter, and at least four support devices for plate elements according to the first or second aspect of the invention; B) Positioning the at least four support devices on a surface layer, wherein the at least four support devices are positioned on the surface layer taking into account the dimensions of the at least one plate element, in particular the plate length and plate width; C) Applying an adhesion promoter layer to at least one support element of the at least four support devices; and D) Placing the at least one plate element on at least four support elements of at least four support devices.

[0033] According to the invention, it may be provided that process steps C) and D) are also carried out before process step B), so that first an adhesion mediation or bonding is established between the support elements with the underside of a plate element and then the plate element with the bearing devices arranged on it is placed on the covering layer.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the invention, it can be provided that the bearing device is partially connected to a plate element before being laid on the covering layer and subsequently brought or laid on the covering layer, wherein further plate elements can be connected to the already laid bearing devices via the further support elements and their adhesion-promoting layer.

[0035] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a section of an exemplary embodiment of a plate composite; Figs. 2a-2c perspective views of three different embodiments of bearing devices for plate elements; Figs. 3a-3c schematic perspective views of three different embodiments of support elements of the bearing device for plate elements according to the invention; and Fig. 4 a schematic view of a support element of a bearing device according to the invention. Fig. 3a with an agitated bailiff.

[0036] The Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a section of an exemplary embodiment of a panel assembly, in which a covering layer 5 has first been applied in the illustrated exemplary section, on which four support devices 2 are visibly placed. Three panel elements 3 are then placed on the support devices 2 to form a panel assembly. The illustrated panel elements 3 have a bottom surface 32 and a top surface 34 opposite the bottom surface 32, which forms the floor covering layer of the panel assembly. As this is shown in the Fig. 1 The underside 32 of the covering layer 5 is removable and initially rests on the support elements 22 of the storage device 2. The plate elements 3 also have side surfaces 36, which connect the underside 32 of the plate element 3 with the top surface 34 of the plate element 3. The height of the side surfaces 36 also determines the thickness 3d of the plate elements 3. The plate element 3 also has so-called corner regions 33, in which two side surfaces 36 abut each other. Furthermore, the plate element 3 has so-called edge regions 31, which extend between the corner regions 33 of the plate element 3. The Fig. 1 The illustrated embodiment of the bearing device 2 for plate elements 3 each comprises a lower contact surface 21, which is located in the Fig. 1 not explicitly shown, however the Fign. 2 The lower contact surfaces 21 serve to position or place the bearing device 2 onto a surface layer 5. The surface layer 5 is generally understood to be a layer of material or fill material that forms the actual bearing surface for the bearing device 2 or the resulting slab composite. For example, this could be a gravel bed, which is compacted, particularly for stabilization; however, fill materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, or chippings can also be used. In an alternative embodiment, the bearing devices 2 can also be placed on a continuous concrete layer 5. As can be seen in the exemplary embodiments of the bearing devices 2 shown in the Fign. 2a-2c The bearing device 2, which is removable, has at least two upper support elements 22. In the illustrated embodiment 2a, four support elements 22 are formed, which are created from segment or angular sections of a circular disk. In the Fig. 2b An alternative embodiment of a bearing device 2 is shown, wherein the bearing device 2 also has four bearing elements 22, which in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 2b However, they are designed as individually height-adjustable, plate-shaped elements. In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 2c Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a bearing device 2 with three support elements 22, wherein two support elements 22 in the left area of ​​the figure are designed as quarter-circle segments and a further support element 22 as a semicircle in the right area of ​​the bearing device according to Fig. 2c is formed. The support elements 22 serve to support an edge region 31 or a corner region 33. As this is particularly evident from the Fig. 1 Depending on the selected size of the plate elements 3, it may be sufficient to support the aforementioned plate elements 3 only in the area of ​​the edges 31 to form a plate composite. The support devices have an adhesion-promoting layer 40, such as an adhesive layer, in the area of ​​the support elements 22 to promote adhesion between the edge area 31 and / or the corner area 33 of the plate element and the support element 22.

[0037] As explicitly stated by the Fig. 1 The adhesive layer 40 can then be applied, for example, as an adhesive point of an adhesive material 4 or an adhesive 4 to the support elements 22, as described in more detail in Fig. 1 shown to be applied at least partially to the support surface 221, for example as adhesive in the form of a blob or dot.

[0038] As both the Fig. 1 as well as the Fign. 2a-2c Each support element 22, which is removable, has at least one support surface 221 for placing an edge region 31 and / or a corner region 33 of a bottom surface 32 of a plate element 3, and the adhesion-promoting layer 40 is applied at least partially to the plate support surface. How this allows the Fign. 2a-2c The adhesion-promoting layer 40, which is removable, can be formed, for example, as double-sided adhesive tape in any shape, such as triangles, circles, or circular segments. However, it is particularly preferred that the adhesion promoter 4 forming the adhesion-promoting layer 40 be applied, for example, in a liquid or semi-liquid state, to the bearing surfaces 221, for example, by means of a cartridge or alternatively by means of a mortar tool, such as a trowel, wherein the actual shape of the adhesion-promoting layer 40 only results from the placement of the plate element 3 onto the material of the adhesion promoter 4, which thereby acquires the final shape of the adhesion-promoting layer 40.

[0039] As this applies to the embodiments of the Fign. 2a-2c Since it is removable, it can be provided that each support element 22 is mounted in a height-adjustable manner relative to the contact surface 21. For example, as in the Fign. 2a und 2c As shown, the support elements 22 are designed as a one-piece circular disk, wherein the bearing surface 21 is connected to the support elements 22 via a central screw connection 23, the longitudinal axis of the screw connection 23 being substantially orthogonal to the bearing surface 21 for adjusting the height of at least one support element 22 relative to the bearing surface 21. As shown in Fign. 2a und 2c As provided, the four or three support elements 22 in the embodiments can only be adjusted together in height relative to the lower contact surface 21.

[0040] The Fig. 2b Figure 1 shows an alternative embodiment in which each support element 22 is connected to the base surface 21 as a single circular disk via a screw connection 23 and each of the four illustrated support elements 22 is individually height-adjustable relative to the base surface 21.

[0041] Furthermore, it can be provided that the support element 22 comprises at least one separating web 25, wherein the at least one separating web 25 is formed between the at least two support surfaces 221 and projects in the direction of the plate elements 3 to be placed on top of it to form at least one joint web. As shown in the Fign. 2a und 2b As shown, the bearing devices 2 can comprise four support elements 22, each comprising a support surface 221, wherein in the embodiments according to Fig. 2a und 2b Four support surfaces 221 are formed, each separated from the others by separating webs 25. The support surfaces 221 serve according to Fign. 2a und 2b for supporting a corner area 33 of a panel element 3, such that four corner areas 33 of four different panel elements 3, adjacent to one another in the panel assembly, can be placed on the support device 5 and connected to the support device 2 via the adhesion-promoting layer 40. The separating webs 25 can be continuous walls or wall elements, as in Fig. 2a oder 2c shown, trained, alternatively, it can also be provided as in Fig. 2c to form the separating webs 25 into cylinders directed towards the plate elements 3 to be laid on top.

[0042] The Fig. 2c Figure 1 shows an alternative embodiment in which the device 2 has three support elements 22, wherein on the left side of the bearing device 2 in the Fig. 2c Two corner areas 22 of two adjacent plate elements 3 can be placed on the support surface, and an edge area 31 of a plate element can be placed on the support surface on the right side. With the illustrated embodiment according to Fig. 2c This makes it possible to lay the slab composite, for example, in a running bond pattern.

[0043] The Fign. 3a-3c Figure 1 shows three different embodiments of the support elements 22 of the bearing device 2 according to the invention. For the sake of simplicity, only the support element 22 is shown, illustrating the features of the bearing device provided according to the invention. The support elements 22 according to Fign. 3a und 3b show a recess 224 according to Fig. 3a or a multitude of recesses 224 according to Fig. 3b in the area of ​​the bearing surface 221. The recess 224 is designed to receive the material 4 forming the adhesion-promoting layer 40, the recess 224 according to Fign. 3a und 3b The recesses 224 have undercuts 226 for receiving the material 4 forming the adhesion-promoting layer 40; in particular, it may be provided that the recesses 224 are designed as dovetail-shaped recesses opposite the bearing surface 221.

[0044] When applying the adhesion promoter 4, which forms the adhesion-promoting layer 40, the adhesion promoter can, for example, be applied in a liquid or semi-liquid / paste-like state to the bearing device 2 and, in particular, to the area of ​​the recess 224, and penetrate into the recess 224. The plate element 3 placed on the adhesion-promoting layer 40 further improves the penetration of the adhesion promoter 4 into the recess 224, or more precisely into the undercut 226 of the recess 224, as is exemplified in the Fig. 4 as shown. When the adhesion promoter 4, or more precisely the adhesive, hardens after a certain period of time, the adhesion-promoting layer forms a positive-locking bond with the support element 22 in the area of ​​the undercut 226 of the recess 224.

[0045] How this compares to the Fign. 3a und 3b According to the invention, it can be provided that only one continuous recess 224 or alternatively a plurality of individual recesses 224 are provided, which intersect each other, and in particular, how this Fig. 3b is removable, forms several projecting retaining elements 228, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the retaining elements 228 increases from the support element 22 in the direction of the plate element.

[0046] The Fig. 3cFigure 1 shows a further embodiment of a support element 22 with a plurality of openings 222 for receiving the material 4 forming the adhesion-promoting layer 40. The openings 222 extend continuously through the layer of the support element 22, with each opening 222 comprising at least one undercut 226 opposite the support surface 221 for receiving the adhesion-promoting material 4. The openings 222 shown widen progressively from the support surface 221.

Claims

1. Bearing device (2) for plate elements (3), comprising a lower contact surface (21) for placing the bearing device (2) on a flooring layer (5) and at least two upper support elements (22); wherein each support element (22) is designed for bearing an edge or corner region (31, 33) of a plate element (3) and comprises a bonding layer (40) for bonding the edge region (31) and / or the corner region (33) of a plate element (3) with the support element (22); and wherein each support element (22) comprises at least one opening (222) and / or recess (224) for receiving the material (4) forming the bonding layer (40), characterized in that at least one undercut (226) for receiving the material (4) forming the bonding layer (40) is formed in the at least one opening (222) and / or recess (224) opposite the support surface (221).

2. Bearing device (2) for plate elements (3), comprising a lower contact surface (21) for placing the bearing device (2) on a flooring layer (5) and at least two upper support elements (22); wherein each support element (22) is designed for bearing an edge or corner region (31, 33) of a plate element (3) and comprises a bonding layer (40) for bonding the edge region (31) and / or the corner region (33) of a plate element (3) with the support element (22), characterized in that each support element (22) has a plurality of holding elements (228) on the support surface facing the plate element (3), said holding elements protruding towards the plate element (3), the cross-sectional area of the holding elements (228) increasing from the support element (22) towards the plate element (3).

3. Bearing device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each support element (22) comprises a support surface (221) for placing the edge portion (31) and / or the corner portion (33) of a lower side (32) of a plate element (3) and the bonding layer (40) is applied at least proportionally on the plate support surface (221).

4. Bearing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one support element (22) is supported in a height-adjustable manner with respect to the contact surface (21).

5. Bearing device (2) according to claim 4, wherein the contact surface (21) is connected to at least one support element (22) via a screw connection (23), the screw longitudinal axis of the screw connection being formed substantially orthogonal to the contact surface (21) for height adjustment of the at least one support element (22) with respect to the contact surface (21).

6. Bearing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support element (22) comprises at least one separating web (25), the at least one separating web (25) being formed between the at least two support surfaces (221) and protruding towards the plate elements (3) to be placed thereon, so as to form at least one joint web.

7. Bearing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bonding layer (40) is an adhesive, preferably selected from the group consisting of polyaddition adhesives, polycondensation adhesives, and polymerization adhesives, in particular a polyurethane adhesive, a methyl(meth)acrylate adhesive or a mineral adhesive.

8. Bearing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bonding layer (40) is formed from a mineral adhesive, preferably a setting adhesive, for example a cement-based adhesive.

9. Bearing device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bearing device (2) is monolithically formed as a disc, the disc lower side forming the contact surface (21) and the disc upper side forming at least two support elements (22), the support elements (22) in the form of bearing surfaces (221) being formed as surface portions of the disc upper side.

10. Kit comprising: - at least four bearing devices (2) for plate elements (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9, - a bonding agent (4), the bonding agent (4) being designed to form a bonding layer (40) between an edge and / or corner region (31, 33) of a plate element (3) and the support element (2).

11. Plate assembly comprising: - at least one plate element (3); and - at least four bearing devices (2) according to one of claims 1 to 9; the at least one plate element (3) comprising a plate upper side (34) for forming a flooring layer, as well as a plate lower side (32) opposite the upper side (34), at least one support element (22) of each bearing device (2) being connected to an edge and / or corner region (31, 32) of the at least one plate element (3) through a bonding layer (40).

12. Plate assembly according to claim 11, wherein the at least one plate element (3) is formed by a ceramic plate, the ceramic plate preferably having a plate thickness (3d) in a range from 10 mm to 40 mm, particularly preferred a thickness (3d) of 20 mm.

13. Method for placing a plate assembly comprising the method steps of: A) providing at least one plate element (3), a bonding agent (4) and at least four bearing devices (2) for plate elements (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9; B) placing the at least four bearing devices (2) on a flooring layer (5), the at least four bearing devices (2) being placed on the flooring layer (5) in consideration of the dimensions of the at least one plate element (3), in particular the plate length and the plate width; C) applying a bonding layer (4) on at least one support element (22) of the at least four bearing devices (2); and D) placing the at least one plate element (3) on at least four support elements (22) of at least four bearing devices (2).

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