Use of an aqueous system for application to an uncured adhesive, plaster or filler coat, the aqueous system, kit of parts comprising the aqueous system and method for increasing the offset of uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layers

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of an aqueous system containing an open-time extender for adhesives, plasters, or fillers for application to an uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layer. The invention further relates to an aqueous system containing an open-time extender for adhesives, plasters, or fillers dissolved, dispersed, or emulsified in the aqueous system for application to an uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layer. The invention also relates to a kit-of-parts comprising the aqueous system and an adhesive, plaster, or filler compound formulated and designed to form an uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layer, or an uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layer.Finally, the invention relates to a method for extending the open time of uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layers, comprising the steps i) providing the aqueous system, ii) providing an uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer formed from an adhesive, plaster or filler compound, iii) applying the aqueous system to the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of an aqueous system containing an open time extender for application to an uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layer. Finally, the invention relates to a method for extending the open time of uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layers.

[0002] The application of plaster and filler compounds, as well as the associated requirements and problems, have been familiar to the professional for a very long time.

[0003] German patent DE 197 17 936 A1 discloses the use of alcohols as additives for plasters and / or mortars. These additives are in powder form, the alcohols being suspended on a solid support and containing 8 to 72 carbon atoms per molecule. Plasters and / or mortars containing these additives are said to have a longer drying time.

[0004] WO 2011 / 009874 specifies the use of an aqueous polymer dispersion containing at least one polymer obtained by radical emulsion polymerization of at least one ethylene-unsaturated monomer and 20 to 75 wt% tert-butyl(meth)acrylate as a binder in construction chemical products. Such binders are intended to be suitable for bonding thermal insulation boards, for example those based on styrene polymers, as well as glass foam boards and cork boards, foam silicate insulation boards, rigid polyurethane foam boards, and mineral fiber insulation materials such as rock wool.

[0005] WO 2012 / 087920 A1 refers to an open time extender suitable for addition to a building coating composition to extend its open time. The open time extender comprises neutralized, water-soluble polymers consisting of hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and crosslinking monomers. Furthermore, the crosslinking monomer is selected to be crosslinkable with the open time extender, another open time extender with a crosslinkable monomer, or the building coating composition. The open time extender also includes at least one crosslinking agent and water. The total solids content of the open time extender is less than approximately 20% by weight. The water-soluble open time extender can be used as an additive to extend the open time of aqueous coatings and improve the flow and uniformity of the coating.After drying, the water-soluble open time extender should continue to crosslink with the aqueous coating, so that the dry film properties of the aqueous coating are maintained.

[0006] WO 2021 / 006233 A1 discloses an aqueous emulsion containing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer as a dispersant and a polymer containing an ethylene-unsaturated monomer unit. The ethylene unit content in the dispersant is 1 mol% or more and less than 20 mol%. The block character of the ethylene units is 0.90 to 0.99. The aqueous emulsion is intended to be stable at low temperatures and exhibit high water resistance.

[0007] Depending on the conditions, such as high outside temperatures, strong winds, or sunlight, water evaporates relatively quickly from the plaster or filler, leading to rapid skin formation and potentially rapid hardening near the surface. This can be particularly problematic when applying large plaster coatings, as the time available for proper texturing or smoothing after application is relatively short. Often, at temperatures above 20°C, the time between application and texturing or smoothing is no more than five minutes to achieve an acceptable texture. This necessitates a closely coordinated approach, otherwise the plaster will harden sufficiently before the texturing process can begin. Due to the rapid skin formation...The rapid, near-surface hardening often necessitates that structuring or smoothing be carried out under considerable time pressure, thus increasing the potential for errors. To nevertheless achieve a satisfactory, flawless result, it is sometimes necessary to increase the number of workers on a construction site. Furthermore, if an applied plaster mixture dries too quickly, for example at high ambient temperatures, this can lead to the formation of cracks or pores. As a result, plaster coatings often become more susceptible to weathering.

[0008] To slow down the rapid skin formation or the rapid near-surface hardening of plasters, or to increase the so-called open time, a powdered additive must be incorporated into the plaster mix according to WO 98 / 49114 A1. This additive must consist of C8 to C72 alcohols coated on a solid carrier. However, this procedure inevitably requires that at least two plaster formulations be manufactured and stored at the factory. As described above, accelerated skin formation or excessively rapid near-surface hardening only occurs to a greater extent under certain weather conditions. Furthermore, the increase in open time achievable by incorporating these additives is often very limited, resulting in no noticeable improvement in workability.Efforts are also made to keep the amount of non-essential plaster additives as low as possible to avoid compromising quality elsewhere due to so-called dilution effects. Therefore, the open time cannot usually be extended further by increasing the amount of these additives.

[0009] Therefore, the present invention was based on the objective of providing plaster compounds that are no longer subject to the disadvantages of the prior art described above. In particular, the invention was based on the objective of having sufficient time available for the structuring or smoothing step after the application of plaster compounds, especially on large surfaces, even at high temperatures, e.g. above 20 °C, under wind load and / or solar radiation.

[0010] Accordingly, the use of an aqueous system containing at least one open time extender for adhesives, plasters, in particular for topcoats or basecoats, and / or fillers, or an open time extender for adhesives, plasters, in particular for topcoats or basecoats, and / or fillers that is liquid at 20 °C, comprising at least one C 12 to C 24 fatty alcohol, glycerin, isopropylidene glycerin, stearates, paraffin waxes, polyolefin waxes, in particular polyethylene and / or polypropylene waxes, propylene glycol, butyl glycol, dipropylene glycol, butyldiglycol and / or polyvinyl alcohols, for application in droplet form, preferably for spray application, on an uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer, in particular on a building surface, was found, wherein the at least one open time extender is dissolved, dispersed or emulsified in the aqueous system.In particular, the problem underlying the invention is solved by the use of an aqueous system containing at least one open time extender for plasters or fillers for application in droplet form, preferably for spray application, on an uncured plaster or filler layer applied to a building surface.

[0011] The aqueous system containing the open time extender, or the open time extender which is liquid at 20 °C, is applied in a particularly suitable manner to an uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler, preferably essentially immediately after its application to a substrate surface, especially a building surface, by sprinkles or, more preferably, by spraying. All common manually or mechanically operated spraying devices can be used for spray application. The spray application is preferably carried out in such a way that a uniform spray mist is applied to the uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler.

[0012] For the use according to the invention, linear C12 to C24 fatty alcohols, in particular linear C14, C16 and / or cis fatty alcohols, are preferably used among the suitable open-time extenders. Alternatively or additionally, potassium stearate is used.

[0013] The open time extender is present in the aqueous system in dissolved, dispersed, or emulsified form, and in particular both as a major component and as a minor component, i.e., in an amount of less than 50 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous system. Preferably, the open time extender is present in the aqueous system as a minor component. If the open time extender is emulsified or dispersed in the aqueous system, the open time extender droplets or particles are preferably homogeneously distributed in the aqueous system. In one embodiment, the aqueous system can also contain emulsified and dispersed open time extenders simultaneously.

[0014] The open time extender is suitably present in the aqueous system at a concentration in the range of 1 wt.% to 40 wt.%, preferably in the range of 3 wt.% to 30 wt.%, and particularly preferably in the range of 4 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the aqueous system. In particular, when the open time extender is present in the aqueous system at the aforementioned concentrations, satisfactorily extended open times are achieved when applying 10 ml to 250 ml, preferably 20 ml to 200 ml, and particularly preferably 50 ml to 150 ml of the aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender to the uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler coating with an area in the range of 0.20 to 2.5 m², preferably in the range of 0.30 to 2.0 m², and particularly preferably in the range of 0.50 to 1.5 m².Very satisfactory extended open times are achieved in particular when applying 50 ml to 150 ml of the aqueous system containing at least one open time extender in a concentration in the range of 4 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in particular 5 to 15, in each case based on the total weight of the aqueous system, to an uncured adhesive, plaster or filler coating with an area in the range of 0.50 to 1.5 m².

[0015] The uncured plaster layer can be an uncured lime plaster, lime-cement plaster, cement plaster, gypsum plaster, clay plaster, silicate plaster, silicone resin plaster, or dispersion plaster layer. For the use according to the invention, uncured silicone resin plaster and dispersion plaster layers are particularly suitable, with silicone resin plaster layers being especially preferred. Furthermore, the plaster mixture can be a lime plaster, lime-cement plaster, cement plaster, gypsum plaster, clay plaster, silicate plaster, silicone resin plaster, or dispersion plaster mixture, in particular silicone resin plaster mixture or dispersion plaster mixture, and especially silicone resin plaster mixture.The uncured filler layer can be an uncured lime filler, lime-cement filler, cement filler, gypsum filler, clay filler, silicate filler, silicone resin filler, or dispersion filler, in particular a silicone resin filler or dispersion filler, and especially preferably a silicone resin filler. Similarly, the filler compound can be a lime filler, lime-cement filler, cement filler, gypsum filler, clay filler, silicate filler, silicone resin filler, or dispersion filler, in particular a silicone resin filler or dispersion filler, and especially preferably a silicone resin filler.

[0016] An uncured dispersion plaster or filler layer preferably contains at least one polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of aqueous (meth)acrylate homopolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous (meth)acrylate copolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous (meth)acrylate / (meth)acrylic acid copolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous organosilicate hybrid binder dispersions, aqueous dispersions containing (meth)acrylate homopolymers, aqueous dispersions containing (meth)acrylate copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl acetate copolymers, in particular vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl chloride / ethylene copolymers, in particular vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl ester copolymers, e.g., vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, and / or Vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl ester / acrylate copolymers, e.g.Vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl acetate / acrylate copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl aromatic / acrylate copolymers, in particular styrene / acrylate copolymers, and any mixtures thereof. In addition to the polymeric binder specified above, the uncured dispersion plaster or filler layer may also contain at least one silicone resin as a co-binder. An uncured silicone resin plaster or filler layer preferably contains at least one silicone resin as a binder or as a co-binder. Furthermore, an uncured cement plaster or filler layer preferably contains at least one cement according to DIN EN 197-1:2011-11 as a binder. For an uncured silicate plaster or filler layer, water glass and / or silica sol may be used as binders.

[0017] The aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender, or the at least one open time extender that is liquid at 20 °C, can, in one embodiment, be applied directly to the adhesive, plaster, or filler compound after its application, forming a corresponding coating, particularly by spraying. In another embodiment, the aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender, or the at least one open time extender that is liquid at 20 °C, can also be applied only after the uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler coating has been smoothed. This way, sufficient time is generally still available to texture the uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler coating with suitable tools.

[0018] According to the present invention, suitable plasters and fillers have at least one polymeric organic binder, at least one rheology additive, in particular a thickener, at least one dispersing agent, at least one filler and at least one additive, and optionally at least one pigment and / or at least one granular material.

[0019] Finally, the problem underlying the invention is solved by a method for extending the open time of uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layers, comprising the steps i) Provision of an aqueous system containing at least one open time extender for adhesives, plasters, in particular for topcoats or basecoats, and / or fillers, or at least one open time extender for adhesives, plasters, in particular for topcoats or basecoats, and / or fillers, which is liquid at 20 °C and comprises at least one C12 to C24 fatty alcohol, glycerin, isopropylidene glycerin, stearates, paraffin waxes, polyolefin waxes, propylene glycol, butyl glycol, dipropylene glycol, butyldiglycol, and / or polyvinyl alcohols, wherein the at least one open time extender is dissolved, dispersed, or emulsified in the aqueous system; ii) Provision of at least one uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler layer formed from an adhesive, plaster, or filler; iii) Application of the aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender or the at least one at 20 °C liquid open time extender,according to i) in droplet form, preferably by spray application, onto the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous system containing at least one open time extender or at least one open time extender that is liquid at 20 °C is sprayed onto the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer.

[0021] The general and preferred specifications for the open time extender, plaster mass and plaster layer specified above for the use according to the invention apply in the same way to the method according to the invention.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the open time extender may comprise or be at least one linear C12 to C24 fatty alcohol and preferably one linear C14, C16 and / or C18 fatty alcohol and / or stearates. Linear fatty alcohols are preferred.

[0023] In the method according to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the open time extender is suitablely present in the aqueous system in a concentration in the range of 1 wt.% to 40 wt.%, preferably in the range of 3 wt.% to 30 wt.% and particularly preferably in the range of 4 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the aqueous system.In particular, when the open time extender is present in the aqueous system in the concentration ranges mentioned above, satisfactorily extended open times are achieved within the framework of the inventive method when applying 10 ml to 250 ml, preferably 20 ml to 200 ml and particularly preferably 50 ml to 150 ml of the aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender to the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler coating with an area in the range of 0.20 to 2.5 m², preferably in the range of 0.30 to 2.0 m² and particularly preferably in the range of 0.50 to 1.5 m².

[0024] The uncured plaster layer in the process according to the invention can be an uncured lime plaster, lime-cement plaster, cement plaster, gypsum plaster, clay plaster, silicate plaster, silicone resin plaster, or dispersion plaster layer. Uncured silicone resin plaster and dispersion plaster layers are particularly suitable for the process according to the invention, with silicone resin plaster layers being especially preferred. Furthermore, the plaster mixture in the process according to the invention can be a lime plaster, lime-cement plaster, cement plaster, gypsum plaster, clay plaster, silicate plaster, silicone resin plaster, or dispersion plaster mixture, in particular a silicone resin plaster mixture or dispersion plaster mixture, and especially preferably a silicone resin plaster mixture.The uncured filler layer of the method according to the invention can be an uncured lime filler, lime-cement filler, cement filler, gypsum filler, clay filler, silicate filler, silicone resin filler, or dispersion filler layer, in particular a silicone resin filler layer or dispersion filler layer, and most preferably a silicone resin filler layer. Similarly, the filler compound can be a lime filler, lime-cement filler, cement filler, gypsum filler, clay filler, silicate filler, silicone resin filler, or dispersion filler compound, in particular a silicone resin filler or dispersion filler compound, and most preferably a silicone resin filler compound.

[0025] An uncured dispersion plaster or filler layer of the inventive process preferably contains at least one polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of aqueous (meth)acrylate homopolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous (meth)acrylate copolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous (meth)acrylate / (meth)acrylic acid copolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous organosilicate hybrid binder dispersions, aqueous dispersions containing (meth)acrylate homopolymers, aqueous dispersions containing (meth)acrylate copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl acetate copolymers, in particular vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl chloride / ethylene copolymers, in particular vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl ester copolymers, e.g., vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, and / or Vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl ester / acrylate copolymers, e.g.Vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl acetate / acrylate copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl aromatic / acrylate copolymers, in particular styrene / acrylate copolymers, and any mixtures thereof. In addition to the polymeric binder specified above, the uncured dispersion plaster or filler layer may also contain at least one silicone resin as a co-binder. An uncured silicone resin plaster or filler layer of the process according to the invention preferably contains at least one silicone resin as a binder or as a co-binder. Furthermore, an uncured cement plaster or filler layer of the process according to the invention preferably contains at least one cement according to DIN EN 197-1:2011-11 as a binder. For an uncured silicate plaster or filler layer of the process according to the invention, water glass and / or silica sol may be used as binders.

[0026] In one embodiment of the inventive method, the aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender, or the at least one open time extender that is liquid at 20 °C, can be applied directly to the adhesive, plaster, or filler compound after its application, forming a corresponding coating, particularly by spraying. In another embodiment, the aqueous system containing the at least one open time extender, or the at least one open time extender that is liquid at 20 °C, can also be applied only after the uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler coating has been smoothed. This generally leaves sufficient time to texture the uncured adhesive, plaster, or filler coating using suitable tools.

[0027] The present invention is based on the surprising finding that by spraying on an aqueous system containing an open-time extender, the open time of adhesives, plasters, and fillers can be significantly extended, so that even larger areas can be safely and professionally smoothed or textured, even under higher ambient temperatures, greater wind loads, and / or increased solar radiation. Interestingly, the effect according to the invention occurs regardless of whether the adhesive, plaster, or filler is mineral or organic, or on what substrate it is applied.Furthermore, the use according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the formation of cracks and pores, even under summer conditions, when applying the aqueous system containing an open-time extender, particularly by spraying, to uncured plaster or filler coatings. The resulting plaster and filler coatings are less susceptible to weathering.

[0028] It has also been surprisingly shown that when applying, in particular by spraying, an aqueous system containing at least one open time extender, in the form of a linear C 12 to C 24 fatty alcohol and preferably a linear C 14, C 16 and / or C 18 fatty alcohol, the open time of adhesives, plasters and fillers can be extended many times over compared to untreated systems.

[0029] Another surprising advantage of the present invention is that transitions between successively applied plaster or filler coatings are indistinguishable, even when applied under summer conditions. In contrast, when applying such plaster or filler coatings sequentially according to conventional methods, so-called scaffold layers or wet-textured transitions are often unavoidable. The application of a further layer of plaster or filler to an existing layer is regularly achieved without any problems when the invention is applied according to its technical principles.

[0030] In particular, it was also found that while incorporating the same amount of open time extender into an adhesive, plaster or filler compound resulted in a slight increase in the open time, applying the same amount of adhesive, plaster or filler compound, when applied as a freshly applied coating, with an aqueous system containing the identical amount of open time extender, especially by spraying, resulted in an open time that was many times longer, for example ten times longer.

[0031] The features of the invention disclosed in the preceding description and the claims can be essential for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination.

Claims

1. Use of an aqueous system containing at least one open-time extender for adhesive compositions, plaster compositions, in particular for top- or undercoat plasters, and / or filler compositions or an open-time extender which is liquid at 20°C for adhesive compositions, plaster compositions, in particular for top- or undercoat plasters, and / or filler compositions, comprising at least one C12 to C24 fatty alcohol, glycerol, isopropylideneglycerol, stearates, paraffin waxes, polyolefin waxes, propylene glycol, butyl glycol, dipropylene glycol, butyl diglycol and / or polyvinyl alcohols, for application in drop form, preferably for spray application, to an uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer, wherein the at least one open-time extender is present in dissolved, dispersed or emulsified form in the aqueous system.

2. Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that the C12 to C24 fatty alcohol is a linear C12 to C24 fatty alcohol, in particular a linear C14, C16 and / or C18 fatty alcohol, or in that the stearates are potassium stearate.

3. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one open-time extender is present in the aqueous system in a concentration in the range from 1% by weight to 40% by weight, preferably in the range from 3% by weight to 30% by weight and more preferably in the range from 4% by weight to 20% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the aqueous system.

4. Use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that 10 ml to 250 ml, preferably 20 ml to 200 ml and more preferably 50 ml to 150 ml of the aqueous system containing the at least one open-time extender are applied to the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler coating with an area in the range from 0.20 to 2.5 m2, preferably in the range from 0.30 to 2.0 m2 and more preferably in the range from 0.50 to 1.5 m2 .

5. Use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plaster composition is a lime plaster, lime cement plaster, cement plaster, gypsum plaster, loam plaster, silicate plaster, silicone resin plaster or dispersion plaster composition, in particular silicone resin plaster or dispersion plaster composition and more preferably silicone resin plaster composition, or in that the filler composition is a lime filler, lime cement filler, cement filler, gypsum filler, loam filler, silicate filler, silicone resin filler or dispersion filler composition, in particular silicone resin filler or dispersion filler composition and more preferably silicone resin filler composition, or in that the uncured plaster layer is an uncured lime plaster, lime cement plaster, cement plaster, gypsum plaster, loam plaster, silicate plaster, silicone resin plaster or dispersion plaster layer, in particular silicone resin plaster layer or dispersion plaster layer and more preferably silicone resin plaster layer, or in that the uncured filler layer is an uncured lime filler, lime cement filler, cement filler, gypsum filler, loam filler, silicate filler, silicone resin filler or dispersion filler layer, in particular silicone resin filler layer or dispersion filler layer and more preferably silicone resin filler layer.

6. Use according to Claim 5, characterized in that uncured dispersion plaster or filler layer contains at least one polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of aqueous (meth)acrylate homopolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous (meth)acrylate copolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous (meth)acrylate / (meth)acrylic acid copolymer / silicon dioxide hybrid dispersions, aqueous organosilicate hybrid binder dispersions, aqueous dispersions containing (meth)acrylate homopolymers, aqueous dispersions containing (meth)acrylate copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl acetate copolymers, in particular vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinyl chloride / ethylene copolymers, in particular vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl ester copolymers and / or vinyl chloride / ethylene / vinyl ester / acrylate copolymers, aqueous dispersions containing vinylaromatic / acrylate copolymers, in particular styrene / acrylate copolymers, and any desired mixtures thereof, or in that the uncured silicone resin plaster or filler layer contains at least one silicone resin as binder, or in that the uncured cement plaster or filler layer contains at least one cement according to DIN EN 197-1:2011-11 as binder, or in that the uncured silicate plaster layer contains water glass and / or silica sol as binder.

7. Use according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aqueous system containing the at least one open-time extender or the at least one open-time extender which is liquid at 20°C is applied to the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler coating after the latter has been smoothed.

8. Method for open-time extending uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layers, comprising the steps of i) providing an aqueous system containing at least one open-time extender for adhesive compositions, plaster compositions, in particular for top- or undercoat plasters, and / or filler compositions or at least one open-time extender which is liquid at 20°C for adhesive compositions, plaster compositions, in particular for top- or undercoat plasters, and / or filler compositions, comprising at least one C12 to C24 fatty alcohol, glycerol, isopropylideneglycerol, stearates, paraffin waxes, polyolefin waxes, propylene glycol, butyl glycol, dipropylene glycol, butyl diglycol and / or polyvinyl alcohols, wherein the at least one open-time extender is present in dissolved, dispersed or emulsified form in the aqueous system, ii) providing at least one uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer formed from an adhesive, plaster or filler composition, iii) applying the aqueous system containing the at least one open-time extender or the at least one open-time extender which is liquid at 20°C according to i) in drop form, preferably by means of spray application, to the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer.

9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the aqueous system containing the at least one open-time extender or the at least one open-time extender which is liquid at 20°C is sprayed onto the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler layer.

10. Method according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized by an open-time extender according to Claim 3 and / or by an aqueous system according to Claim 4 and / or by a plaster or filler composition or by an uncured plaster or filler layer according to Claim 5 or 6.

11. Method according to any of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the aqueous system containing the at least one open-time extender or the at least one open-time extender which is liquid at 20°C is applied to the uncured adhesive, plaster or filler coating after the latter has been smoothed.