Actuation device having a cladding element, vehicle and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuation device (10) for triggering a function of a vehicle (1) by a user, comprising a cladding element (11) for a vehicle part (2) of the vehicle (1) having a cladding inner side (11.1) and a cladding outer side (11.2), an electronics unit (12) having a sensor unit (20) for detecting an actuation action (200) of the user for triggering the function of the vehicle (1), an electronics outer side (12.2) and an electronics inner side (12.1) opposite the electronics outer side (12.2). The invention also relates to a vehicle (1) and a method (100).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an actuating device, a vehicle and a method.

[0002] Actuating devices for vehicles are known from the prior art, allowing a user to trigger a vehicle function through an actuation action. It is known to use proximity sensors to detect a user's approach and, for example, unlock a vehicle door so that the user can conveniently open the door. Such proximity sensors are typically integrated into a door handle. Due to their geometry, door handles offer the advantage of allowing for simple encapsulation of the sensors to protect them from moisture and other environmental influences. However, if the sensors are to be located on another vehicle component, such as a body panel, such encapsulation is not readily transferable to the body panel due to the surface area of ​​the vehicle component.

[0003] An actuating device of the state of the art is known from document WO 2006 / 060745 A2.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the aforementioned disadvantages known from the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to enable the sealing of a sensor unit on a flat vehicle part, preferably outside a door handle of the vehicle, with improved manufacturability and / or improved ease of use.

[0005] The foregoing problem is solved by an actuating device with the features of claim 1, a vehicle with the features of claim 12, and a method with the features of claim 14. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the respective dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the actuating device according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the vehicle and / or the method according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention always includes, or allows for, reciprocal reference.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the invention, an actuating device is provided for triggering a function of a vehicle by a user. The actuating device comprises a flat panel element for a vehicle part. The panel element includes an inner panel surface and an outer panel surface. Furthermore, the actuating device comprises an electronic unit with a sensor unit for detecting an actuating action by the user to trigger the function of the vehicle. The electronic unit has an outer panel surface and an inner panel surface, the inner panel surface being opposite the outer panel surface. The electronic unit is also oriented with its outer panel surface towards the inner panel surface and is arranged on the panel element to detect the actuating action on the outer panel surface.A first covering section to protect the inside of the electronics is attached to the cladding element, so that the cladding element and the first covering section form a closed shell to protect the electronic unit.

[0007] The function of the vehicle can include, for example, unlocking a door lock, opening a vehicle door, and / or switching on a light and / or an electrical device. The vehicle part can, for example, be an exterior component or an interior component of the vehicle.

[0008] The term "flat design" of the trim element can be understood to mean, in particular, that the trim element has a flat, especially shell-like, extent. For example, the trim element can be designed with thin walls. The trim element can, in particular, be a cover for a body component of the vehicle. For example, the trim element can form an outer surface of the vehicle component. The outer surface can be an interior surface or an exterior surface of the vehicle. Preferably, the trim element can form a visible surface of the vehicle component. For example, the trim element can be arranged behind a glass pane, especially with regard to an exterior area of ​​the vehicle. In this case, the actuating device is preferably arranged on a door of the vehicle, in particular a side and / or sliding door.This allows optical and / or electromagnetic signals to be transmitted to a user located in front of the vehicle component and / or received by the user via the sensor unit. Preferably, the trim element can be integrated into a body surface and / or the optics of a body surface of the vehicle, particularly to enable the opening of a side door of the vehicle as a function triggered by an actuation action. It is conceivable that the trim element can be integrated into a B-pillar of the vehicle. Consequently, in this case, the actuation device is optionally arranged on the B-pillar. In particular, the trim element is made of or consists of a plastic. The trim element can be designed without handles and / or switches due to the sensor unit. In particular, the inner surface of the trim element faces the outer surface.For example, the vehicle part may have an interior trim panel in which electrical components can be arranged. The interior trim panel can be oriented specifically towards the interior trim panel.

[0009] The electronic unit can, in particular, comprise several conductive traces and / or electronic components, preferably in the form of semiconductor elements, for processing electrical signals. Furthermore, the electronic unit can have a power source for supplying energy to the sensor unit and / or an electrical connection for connection to a vehicle power supply. For example, it is conceivable that the housing has a cable outlet through which cables can be routed from the electronic unit to an outer surface of the housing. This ensures an electrical connection between the electronic unit and the vehicle's electronics and / or power supply. Preferably, the electronic unit has a planar extension. In particular, one longitudinal side of the electronic unit can be oriented vertically and / or horizontally on the vehicle component. The inner and outer surfaces of the electronic unit can, for example, be...Each component comprises one side of a circuit board of the electronic unit on which electrical components are arranged. In particular, the inner side of the electronic unit faces the outer side of the electronic unit. The inner side of the electronic unit can also be oriented away from the trim element. The sensor unit can preferably be oriented such that the actuation action is detectable on the outer side of the electronic unit, especially when the user is on or near the vehicle. The term "detectable on the outer side of the trim element" can be understood to mean, in particular, that the actuation action is detectable on a surface of the outer side of the trim element and / or that the actuation action is detectable at a distance from a surface of the outer side of the trim element.It is conceivable that the sensor unit is designed, for example, for capacitive, inductive, and / or optical detection of the actuation action and / or for detection of the actuation action using ultrasound. The sensor unit can preferably be designed for motion detection, particularly gesture detection, at a distance, in particular, from the actuation device of 1 cm to 20 cm, preferably 2 cm to 15 cm, and most preferably 5 cm to 10 cm.

[0010] The first cladding section can be attached directly or indirectly to the cladding element. For example, the first cladding section can be formed by a housing shell that is attached to the cladding element with a sealant. The first cladding section can be riveted or screwed to the cladding element. This provides an advantageous fastening option, particularly under preload. However, it is also conceivable that the first cladding section is applied to the electronic unit and the cladding element in at least partially liquid form. In particular, the cladding can thus form a closed housing. Preferably, the cladding element and / or the first cladding section and the electronic unit are designed such that the electronic unit can be arranged between the cladding element and the first cladding section in at most two orientations, preferably in only one orientation.The electronic unit and the cladding element and / or the first casing section may have positioning aids, particularly in the form of asymmetrical recesses and / or protrusions. This can intuitively prevent incorrect assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the sensor unit, the electronic unit, and / or the housing are at least partially or completely symmetrical, particularly with respect to a central plane of the actuating device, thereby enabling the actuating device to be selectively mounted on two opposite sides of the vehicle. For example, for use on different sides of the vehicle, only a reprogramming of a control unit of the electronic unit is required. It is also conceivable that a switch is toggled, thereby defining a left- or right-side arrangement in the direction of travel. Depending on the side of the vehicle, for example, the direction of the actuation action to trigger the vehicle function and / or a display sequence of an indicator unit can be defined. For example, in the case of sliding doors on both sides,Both doors to the rear of the vehicle open, so that a mirrored actuation action along the opening direction is expected to automatically open the respective sliding door.

[0012] Thus, the electronic unit and sensor unit are protected, particularly on the outer surface, by the trim element. This eliminates the need for a separate, complete housing for the electronic unit. Furthermore, the actuating device can be adapted cost-effectively to flat vehicle parts of any shape. For example, the electronic unit could be positioned on the trim element only after the vehicle part is mounted. This allows for greater flexibility in the manufacturing of the actuating device.

[0013] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is advantageously provided that the first casing section comprises a potting compound, in particular wherein the first casing section is materially bonded to the cladding element. In particular, the electronic unit and the cladding element can be directly potted with the potting compound. The potting compound can in particular comprise an epoxy resin and / or an acrylate to protect the electronic unit from environmental influences, especially from moisture. In particular, the potting compound can be transparent or opaque and / or light-impermeable. The potting compound can create a material bond between the first casing section and the cladding element. In particular, the inside and / or the outside of the electronics can be completely covered with potting compound. Preferably, at least the sensor unit is completely covered with potting compound.A seal between the cover element and the cladding element can be achieved by means of a sealant, particularly one that runs around the cover element. The sealant can, for example, be a silicone or a sealing adhesive. Furthermore, the sealant can simultaneously create a material-bonded connection between the cover element and the cladding element. The first cladding section can be bonded, welded (especially friction-welded), and / or laser-welded to the cladding element.

[0014] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the cladding element has an electronics receptacle for receiving the electronic unit, in particular wherein the electronic unit is positively and / or materially bonded to the cladding element in the electronics receptacle. For a positive-locking reception of the electronic unit in the electronics receptacle, a shape of the electronics receptacle can correspond to a shape of the electronic unit and / or a frame for the electronic unit. Preferably, the cladding element can be a cast part, in particular an injection-molded part. This allows the electronics receptacle to be formed in a simple manner on the inside of the cladding. In particular, the electronics receptacle is integral and made of the same material as the inside and / or the outside of the cladding element.In particular, it may be provided that the electronic unit is crimped to the cladding element and / or the cover element.

[0015] Preferably, an actuating device according to the invention may include an electronic unit comprising a printed circuit board, preferably in the form of a circuit board, with at least one sensor element, in particular a capacitive or inductive one, for detecting the (preferably contactless) actuation action, and in particular wherein the sensor element is arranged on the outside of the electronic unit on the circuit board. The circuit board forms, in particular, a base for the electronic unit. Preferably, the circuit board is a multilayer circuit board. The sensor element may, in particular, be a sensor electrode. For example, the sensor element may comprise an electrical coil or a sensor surface in the form of an electrically conductive area. This allows a capacitive or inductive change in an electromagnetic field to be detected.Corresponding to the sensor element, a shielding element, particularly in the form of a shielding electrode, can be arranged on the inside of the electronics, through which the electric field of the sensor element can be aligned. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the sensor element is surrounded on the outside of the electronics by a shielding element, through which the electric field of the sensor element can be aligned. It is also conceivable that the electronics unit comprises several circuit boards on which various electronic components are distributed.

[0016] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the sensor unit has several, in particular identical, sensor elements for detecting the actuating action, thereby making the direction of the actuating action identifiable. The sensor elements can preferably be arranged on the outside of the electronics on the circuit board. For example, the sensor elements can be manufactured by a printing and / or etching process. The sensor elements can be designed to be inductive and / or capacitive. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that the sensor elements are designed for optical detection and / or detection by means of ultrasound. The direction of the actuating action can be detected along an arrangement direction of the sensor elements, in particular on the outside of the electronics. Thus, a gesture can be provided as the actuating action.If the vehicle's function involves opening a sliding door, a gesture along the opening direction of the sliding door can, for example, be used as the activation action. Preferably, the sensor elements are arranged such that a horizontal gesture in front of the vehicle part triggers the function via the sensor unit.

[0017] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the sensor elements are arranged on the circuit board in a regular pattern, preferably matrix-like and / or strip-like. The regular pattern can simplify gesture recognition for detecting the actuating action. A matrix-like arrangement can be understood as a two-dimensional arrangement of the sensor elements. For example, an arrangement of two by two sensor elements in a plane, particularly on the outer surface of the electronics, can form the smallest matrix-like arrangement. In the strip-like arrangement, the sensor elements preferably have an elongated extent. In particular, in the strip-like arrangement, the sensor elements are arranged next to each other in a strip-like pattern. The distance between the sensor elements can be constant.Preferably, the sensor elements in the strip-like arrangement on the circuit board form a pattern that extends in only one direction. It is also conceivable that the sensor elements are arranged in an irregular pattern on the circuit board. By arranging the sensor elements in a pattern, an arbitrarily complex actuation action can be detected in a single plane. Furthermore, arranging the sensor elements on a single circuit board enables a component that is easy to handle during manufacturing and offers short signal paths for detecting the actuation action. Manufacturing the sensor elements using a printing or etching process can also be simplified.

[0018] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the electronic unit includes a notification unit by which the user can be notified on the outer surface of the casing that the actuation action has been detected and / or that the start of the actuation action has been signaled, particularly if the notification unit is arranged on the circuit board. The notification unit can output a signal to the user indicating that the user can begin the actuation action and / or that the actuation action has been detected by the sensor unit. Thus, the notification unit can be used as a user interface, particularly a contactless one. The notification in the form of the signal can be, for example, acoustic or visual. It is also conceivable that the notification in the form of the signal is transmitted as a radio signal, for example to a smartphone or an electronic key of the user.Preferably, the indicator unit is a unidirectional transmitter. In particular, user input can be provided via the sensor unit. Thus, the indicator unit and the sensor unit can form a dialog unit for bidirectional communication with the user. By arranging the indicator unit on the same circuit board as the sensor element, the manufacturing of the actuator can be simplified, and signal paths within the electronic unit can be designed to be short and simple.

[0019] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the indicator unit is an optical indicator unit and that the cladding element has at least one translucent window area through which an optical signal can be transmitted to the user by the indicator unit. Preferably, the window area comprises one or more transparent sections. For example, the window area can comprise at least one recess in a cladding material of the cladding element, which is closed by a translucent material. This allows the cladding to remain sealed and the indicator unit to be arranged within the cladding. The cladding element can be a two-component injection-molded plastic part. Preferably, a transparent material can be injection-molded onto an opaque and / or non-translucent cladding material of the cladding element in the window area.Alternatively, the entire cladding element can be made of the transparent material, with a non-transparent area (not the window area) being made light-absorbing or opaque by means of a film and / or paint and / or coating.

[0020] Preferably, an actuating device according to the invention may be provided that the indicator unit has several light sources for emitting an optical signal to the user, in particular wherein the light sources are separated from one another, at least partially, by opaque partitions. More complex information can be conveyed to the user as an indicator by means of several light sources. For example, the indicator conveyed by the indicator unit may include a direction or the like. In particular, the light sources can be dynamically controllable, so that a dynamic display sequence is possible. The light sources can be light sources, in particular in the form of LEDs. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the indicator unit comprises an LED or OLED display and that the light sources are formed by individual display elements.A display can show users symbols of varying complexity to convey information about expected actions, confirmed actions, and / or similar information. In particular, the window area can have several translucent sections separated by partitions, especially in the form of opaque and / or light-blocking material sections. The partitions can be integral to the cladding element or separate from it. For example, an intermediate element, particularly an insert, can be provided that encompasses one or more of the partitions. The intermediate element can be made of, for example, foam rubber or another flexible material. Preferably, the intermediate element has closed pores, allowing it to be non-water-absorbing.The separating sections can improve the distinguishability of the light source behind it from the outer surface of the casing. Preferably, the separating sections can extend between the light sources in a rib-like fashion. The separating sections allow the light from the light sources to be directed in one direction, so that a user can assign the light to a specific light source, resulting in a clearer sequence during dynamic activation of the light sources. Preferably, an encapsulated space is formed around each light source, either individually or in groups, by the separating sections. For this purpose, the separating sections can be formed around the entire perimeter of the light sources and / or make sealing contact with the circuit board.This allows, for example, the outside of the electronics to be covered by filling a gap between the electronic unit and the cladding element with potting compound, without covering the light emitters with potting compound, especially opaque and / or light-blocking compound.

[0021] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the electronic unit is enclosed in a frame with which the electronic unit can be positioned on the cladding element. The frame can form an adapter for a positive fit of the circuit board in the electronic unit's receptacle. Preferably, the frame has positive locking elements, in particular in the form of snap-in elements, for receiving the circuit board. It is also conceivable that the electronic unit comprises several circuit boards that are arranged together in the frame and thereby form a common assembly. This can simplify handling of the electronic unit during assembly on the cladding element. For example, an installer can grip the frame during assembly of the electronic unit on the cladding element without touching the electronic components of the electronic unit. In particular, the frame is made of a plastic component.

[0022] Preferably, in an actuating device according to the invention, the outer surface of the electronic unit can be covered with potting compound, particularly wherein the frame and / or the electronic unit has at least one receiving means for a potting nozzle for applying the potting compound, so that the potting compound can be conveyed from the inside to the outside of the electronic unit while the electronic unit is arranged on the housing element. By potting the outer surface of the electronic unit with the potting compound, any gap between the electronic unit and the housing element can be filled with potting compound. This prevents moisture from accumulating in the gap and thus negatively affecting the measurement of the sensor unit. The receiving means allows the potting compound to be reliably applied to the outer surface of the electronic unit after the electronic unit has been arranged on the housing element.A potting nozzle can be understood as a tool or part of a tool for distributing potting compound. In particular, several receiving elements for the potting nozzle can be provided around a circuit board of the electronic unit on the frame. This enables a reliable and homogeneous distribution of the potting compound in the gap. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that an elastic intermediate element is arranged in a gap between the electronic unit and the cladding element. Preferably, the intermediate element has a closed-pore material. Furthermore, the intermediate element can be elastically pre-tensioned against the cladding element by the electronic unit. This also allows the intermediate element to fill the gap, preventing the ingress of moisture.

[0023] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, the electronic unit can advantageously include a touch sensor for detecting pressure on the trim element, thereby triggering a further function of the vehicle, particularly wherein the touch sensor comprises an LDC sensor (inductive sensor). The touch sensor enables a further actuation action by the user. This further function of the vehicle can, for example, involve locking and / or unlocking a lock. Additionally or alternatively, the touch sensor can trigger an emergency stop during the automatic opening and / or closing of a door. For example, an electrically conductive target element can be provided on the trim element, the change in distance of which, when the user presses on the vehicle part and / or the trim element, can be registered by the touch sensor.Preferably, several LDC sensors can be provided, particularly to verify the detection of the subsequent actuation action and / or to enable detection over a wider operating range on the vehicle part and / or the trim element. For example, if the function that can be triggered by the sensor unit is only activated after the subsequent function has been activated, the probability of a false triggering can be significantly reduced.

[0024] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the electronic unit has an identification means for identifying the user, in particular wherein the identification means has a radio element for contactless data exchange with an ID transmitter. The ID transmitter can be, for example, a smartphone and / or an electronic key of the user. The identification means can in particular comprise an NFC interface (Near Field Communication interface), a BLE interface (Bluetooth Low Energy interface), and / or a UWB interface (Ultra-wideband interface). This enables authentication of the user by the identification means. In particular, the identification means can be brought into communication with a vehicle control unit for the purpose of identifying the user.In particular, identity verification can be carried out by the vehicle control unit based on the data exchange between the identification means and the ID transmitter.

[0025] Preferably, in an actuating device according to the invention, the electronic unit may include a proximity sensor for detecting the approach of a user, particularly wherein the proximity sensor is designed for capacitive detection of the approach. Thus, the proximity sensor can, in particular, provide an additional capacitive sensor besides the sensor unit. The proximity sensor can, for example, activate the sensor unit, the touch sensor, and / or the identification means when the user's approach is detected. This can save energy during the operation of the actuating device. Furthermore, the proximity sensor can activate the indicator unit upon detection of the approach. For example, this can signal an activation state of the actuating device to the user.

[0026] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the circuit board has several conductor layers, wherein the sensor unit is arranged on a first conductor layer and the touch sensor and / or the identifier on a further conductor layer. The conductor layers can be electrically insulated from one another. In particular, each of the conductor layers can form a sensor layer. This allows for a compact design of the circuit board and / or the electronic unit.

[0027] Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the electronic unit includes a control unit for evaluating sensor signals from the sensor unit and for controlling the indicator unit depending on the sensor signals. For example, the sensor signals from the sensor unit can be directly digitized and forwarded by the control unit within the electronic unit. It is also conceivable that the direction of the actuating action can be recognized by the control unit based on the evaluation of the sensor signals. Evaluating the sensor signals within the electronic unit allows for short signal paths. Furthermore, the indicator unit can be controlled depending on the sensor signals, thus providing the user with feedback regarding the detection of the direction of the actuating action.

[0028] According to a further aspect of the invention, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has an actuating device according to the invention for triggering a function of the vehicle by a user. The actuating device comprises a flat panel element of a vehicle part, which has an inner panel surface and an outer panel surface. Furthermore, the actuating device comprises an electronic unit with a sensor unit for detecting an actuating action by the user to trigger the function of the vehicle. The electronic unit has an outer panel surface and an inner panel surface, the inner panel surface being opposite the outer panel surface. Furthermore, the electronic unit is oriented with its outer panel surface towards the inner panel surface and is arranged on the panel element in order to detect the actuating action on the outer panel surface.Furthermore, a first covering section to protect the inside of the electronics is attached to the cladding element, so that the cladding element and the first covering section form a closed shell to protect the electronic unit.

[0029] Thus, a vehicle according to the invention offers the same advantages as those described in detail with reference to an actuating device according to the invention. The vehicle is preferably a motor vehicle. Preferably, the vehicle part further comprises a B-pillar of the vehicle and / or an interior part of the vehicle. The function that can be triggered by the actuating device can include automatic movement of the vehicle part. The inner electronics can, for example, be oriented towards the interior of the vehicle and the outer electronics towards the exterior of the vehicle, if the trim element is an exterior trim panel of the vehicle. Furthermore, the inner electronics can, for example,The outer surface of the electronics should be oriented towards the outside of the vehicle, and the outer surface of the electronics should be oriented towards the interior of the vehicle, if the trim element is an interior trim panel of the vehicle.

[0030] Thus, the electronic unit and sensor unit are protected by the trim element, allowing the actuator to be mounted to the vehicle part in a cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the design freedom of the trim element can be increased if the electronic unit is only positioned on the trim element during the assembly of the vehicle part. This can also lead to greater overall flexibility in the manufacturing of the actuator.

[0031] Furthermore, in a vehicle according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the vehicle part is a door, in particular in the form of a sliding door, wherein an opening means for automatically opening the door is provided depending on the actuation action. This allows the actuation device to move along with the door when it is opened, resulting in intuitive operation for the user, as the user can perform the actuation action directly on the open or closed door. In particular, the vehicle part can be designed without handles.

[0032] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for manufacturing an actuating device according to the invention for triggering a function of a vehicle, in particular a vehicle according to the invention, by a user is provided, comprising the following steps: Providing a flat panel element for a vehicle part of a vehicle with an inner panel and an outer panel, providing an electronic unit with a sensor unit for detecting an actuation action by the user to trigger the function of the vehicle, arranging the electronic unit on the panel element so that an electronic outer surface of the electronic unit is oriented towards the inner panel of the panel element, attaching a first covering section to protect the electronic inner surface to the panel element so that the panel element and the first covering section form a closed shell to protect the electronic unit, wherein the first covering section is formed by a potting compound.

[0033] Thus, a method according to the invention offers the same advantages as those already described in detail with reference to an actuating device and / or a vehicle according to the invention. Preferably, the flat cladding element is manufactured as a casting, in particular a multi-component injection-molded plastic part. When the electronic unit is provided, a printed circuit board can be populated with electronic components. Additionally or alternatively, electronic components can be etched when the electronic unit is provided. When the first cladding section is attached to the cladding element, a material-bonded connection between the first cladding section and the cladding element can be achieved.Thus, the electronic unit and the sensor unit are protected by the trim element, allowing the actuating device to be mounted on the vehicle part in a cost-effective manner.

[0034] In a method according to the invention, the first encapsulation section is formed by a potting compound, which is preferably encapsulated together with the electronic unit and the cladding element. This allows for a simple, material-bonded connection between the first encapsulation section and the cladding element. In particular, the potting compound can be applied to both the inside and outside of the electronic unit. Preferably, the space between the cladding element and the electronic unit is completely or substantially completely filled with potting compound. This prevents moisture from entering the measuring field of the sensor unit, thus improving its reliable operation.

[0035] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description can be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. The drawings schematically show: Figure 1 shows a vehicle according to the invention with an actuating device according to the invention in a first embodiment; Figure 2 shows a schematic exploded view of the actuating device; Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the actuating device in a sectional view; Figure 4 shows an actuating device with a cover element in a sectional view; Figure 5 shows another schematic exploded view of an actuating device; Figure 6 shows a method according to the invention in a schematic representation of the method steps; Figures 7 and 8 show an electronic unit of the actuating device in a further embodiment; Figures 9 and 10 show an electronic unit of the actuating device in a further embodiment; Figures 11 to 13 show different conductor layers of a circuit board of the electronic unit.

[0036] In the following description of some embodiments of the invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same technical features even in different embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1Figure 1 shows a vehicle 1 according to the invention in a first embodiment with a vehicle part 2, which is designed in particular as a vehicle door in the form of a sliding door. The vehicle 1 further comprises an actuating device 10 for triggering a function of the vehicle 1. The actuating device 10 can be arranged – as shown by way of example – on a B-pillar 2.1 and / or on a vehicle part 2, in particular in the form of a door or sliding door, of the vehicle 1. The function can, for example, be the automatic opening and / or closing of the sliding door. The function is triggered in particular by an actuating action 200 by a user.For example, an actuation action 200 in the form of a gesture along an opening direction of the vehicle part 2 can initiate the opening of the vehicle part 2, or an actuation action 200 in the form of a gesture opposite to the opening direction can initiate the closing of the vehicle part 2.

[0038] As in Figure 2As shown, the actuating device 10 has a flat covering element 11 of the vehicle part 2. The flat design of the covering element 11 can extend, for example, along a part of the body of the vehicle 1 or behind a glass pane of the vehicle part 2. The covering element 11 comprises an outer covering surface 11.2 and an inner covering surface 11.1. The outer covering surface 11.2 preferably forms a surface of the vehicle part 2 visible from outside the vehicle 1 and / or a part of a body surface 1.1. For example, the covering element 11 can be part of a covering in the area of ​​a B-pillar 2.1 of the vehicle 1. An electronic unit 12 is arranged, in particular directly, on the covering element 11, and has an electronic outer surface 12.2 and an electronic inner surface 12.1. The outer electronics surface 12.2 is oriented towards the inner surface 11.1 of the cladding element 11.The electronic interior 11.1 faces the electronic exterior 11.2. Specifically, the electronic interior 11.1 is oriented towards the interior of vehicle 1 and / or the interior trim of vehicle part 2. However, it is also conceivable that the trim element 11 is part of the interior trim of vehicle 1. In this case, the electronic interior 11.1 could, for example, face an exterior of vehicle 1.

[0039] Furthermore, the electronic unit 12 includes a sensor unit 20 for detecting the user's actuation action 200. The sensor unit 20 is preferably arranged on the outer surface 12.2 of the electronic unit 12, in particular such that only the cladding element 11 is located between the sensor unit 20 and the outer surface 11.2. Due to the arrangement of the electronic unit 12 on the inner surface 11.1 of the cladding element 11, the outer surface 12.2 of the electronic unit is protected by the cladding element 11. To protect the inner surface 12.1 of the electronic unit 12, the actuating device 10 also includes a first covering section 31, which is attached directly or indirectly to the cladding element 11, so that the cladding element 11 and the first covering section 31 form a closed enclosure 30. Possible embodiments of the enclosure 30 are shown by way of example in the Figures 3 and 4 depicted.

[0040] Figure 3Figure 1 shows a casing 30 in which the first casing section 31 is formed by a potting compound 31.1. A circuit board 13 of the electronic unit 12 is further enclosed in a frame 14, which facilitates handling of the electronic unit 12 during assembly and / or allows it to be positively attached to the trim element 11. The potting compound 31.1 is bonded to the trim element 11 and preferably completely covers the inner surface 12.1 of the electronics. Furthermore, the outer surface 12.2 of the electronics is also at least partially or completely covered by the potting compound 31.1, so that at least the sensor unit 20 is covered by the potting compound 31.1. Preferably, the sensor unit 20, the electronic unit 12, and / or the casing 30 are at least partially symmetrical about a central plane 10.1, allowing the actuating device 10 to be selectively mounted on two opposite sides of the vehicle.

[0041] Furthermore, the electronic unit 12 includes a notification unit 40, which allows the user to confirm the detection of the actuation action 200 on the outer side 11.2 and / or signal the start of the actuation action 200. The notification unit 40 comprises several light sources 42 for emitting an optical signal to the user. The light sources 42 can be, in particular, LEDs. The light sources 42 are arranged in a row and separated by separating elements 43. By arranging the light sources 42 in a row, for example, the direction of the actuation action 200 detected by the sensor unit 20 can be displayed to a user by activating the light sources 42 sequentially along the row. The separating elements 43 can be formed by an intermediate element 43.1, which is arranged between the cover element 11 and the electronic unit 12.In particular, the separating elements 43 are opaque and / or light-blocking, so that light emitted by the light sources 42 can be directed separately to the outer surface of the casing 11.2 for each light source 42. Preferably, the intermediate element 43.1 can also be elastically designed and prestressed against the circuit board 13 of the electronic unit 12. This allows each of the light sources 42 to be encapsulated, in particular circumferentially, so that when the electronic unit 12 is potted with the potting compound 31.1, the light sources 42 remain free of the potting compound 31.1. Furthermore, the casing element 11 has a translucent window area 41 through which an optical signal from the indicator unit 40 can be transmitted to the user. For example, the window area 41 can have a transparent window material 41.1, in particular a transparent plastic. The transparent window material 41.1 can be, for example, manufactured using a transparent material 41.1 during the production of the casing element 11.as a plastic injection-molded component onto an opaque and / or light-impermeable base material of the cladding element 11.

[0042] Additionally or alternatively, the light emitters 42 can also be parts of a display or the like. Furthermore, it is conceivable, additionally or alternatively, that the indicator unit 40 can output an acoustic or radio signal to the user. It is also conceivable that the separating elements 43 are formed by the cladding element 11. As in Figure 4 As shown, the separating elements 43 can be formed integrally with the cladding element 11. The separating elements 43 preferably extend in a rib-like manner to the circuit board 13.

[0043] Figure 4Figure 1 further shows a casing 30 in which the first casing section 31 is formed by a cover element 31.2, which is particularly rigid. The cover element 31.2 can, for example, be made of a hard plastic and is placed onto the cladding element 11 with the electronic unit 12 during the assembly of the actuating device 10. A seal between the cover element 31.2 and the cladding element 11 can advantageously be achieved by a sealant 33, which in particular surrounds the cover element 31.2. The sealant 33 can, for example, be made of silicone. Furthermore, the sealant 33 can simultaneously provide a material-bonded connection between the cover element 31.2 and the cladding element 11.

[0044] Figure 5Figure 1 shows another exploded view of the actuating device 10. The cladding element 11 has an electronics receptacle 15 for the positive-locking mounting of the electronic unit 12, particularly with the frame 14. Furthermore, an electrical connection 35 may be provided, through which the electronic unit 12 can be connected to or is connected to vehicle electronics and / or vehicle power supply. For this purpose, the electrical connection 35 may protrude from the housing 30. In particular, the electrical connection 35 may be potted with the sealant 33 and / or the potting compound 31.1.

[0045] Figure 6Figure 100 shows a method 100 for manufacturing the actuating device 10 in a schematic representation of the process steps. This involves providing 101 the cover element 11 and 102 the electronic unit 12. During the provision 101 of the cover element 11, the cover element 11 can, for example, be manufactured using a plastic injection molding process and / or taken from a stock. During the provision 102 of the electronic unit 12, the sensor unit 20 and / or other electrical components can be arranged on the circuit board 13 of the electronic unit 12, in particular by a printing and / or etching process. Subsequently, the electronic unit 12 is arranged 103 on the cover element 11, such that the outer surface 12.2 of the electronic unit 12 is oriented towards the inner surface 11.1 of the cover element 11.In particular, the electronic unit 12 can be positively and / or force-fitted in a frame 14, with which the electronic unit 12 is arranged on the cladding element 11, in particular on the electronics receptacle 15. Furthermore, the method 100 comprises attaching 104 of the first cladding section 31 to the cladding element 11, such that the cladding element 11 and the first cladding section 31 form the closed shell 30. The electronic unit 12 is thereby encapsulated with the cladding element 11 when the first cladding section 31, as in . Figure 3 shown, formed by the potting compound 31.1. Additionally, when fastening 104 of the first sheath section 31, the sealant 33 can be applied, as shown in Figure 4 depicted.

[0046] The Figures 7 and 8Figure 1 shows an electronic unit 12 for the actuating device 10 in one possible embodiment. A circuit board 13 of the electronic unit 12 is arranged in a frame 14, which simplifies attachment to a cladding element 11. For this purpose, the frame 14 has snap-in elements 14.1 into which the circuit board 13 can be clipped. Furthermore, the frame 14 preferably has one or more receiving means 14.2 for a potting nozzle for dispensing potting compound 31.1, whereby the potting compound 31.1 can advantageously be distributed from an inner surface 12.1 of the electronic unit to an outer surface 12.2. Figure 7 The electronics unit 12 shows the electronics inside 12.1 and Figure 8Figure 1 shows the electronic unit 12 from the outer surface 12.2, which faces the inner surface 12.1. On the outer surface 12.2, sensor elements 21 of a sensor unit 20 are arranged in a regular matrix pattern on the circuit board 13. Each sensor element 21 forms a capacitive area. The sensor unit 20 is therefore a capacitive sensor, enabling it to detect a non-contact actuation 200. The matrix-like arrangement of the sensor elements 21 also allows the direction of the actuation 200 to be identified. For example, when a user passes by an outer surface 11.2 of the cladding element 11, an electric field in the sensor elements 21 changes successively depending on the direction of the actuation 200.The direction of the actuation action 200 can be determined from the sequence of detection by the sensor elements 21. For this purpose, the electronic unit 12 preferably includes a control unit 25 for evaluating sensor signals from the sensor unit 20. Furthermore, the control unit 25 can control a notification unit 40 to indicate to the user, for example, the detection of the actuation action 200 and / or its direction. Corresponding to each sensor element 21, shielding elements 21.1 are arranged in a matrix on the inside of the electronic unit 12.1 to shield the sensor elements 21. In particular, each sensor element 21 is assigned a corresponding shielding element 21.1.

[0047] The Figures 9 and 10Figure 1 shows an electronic unit 12 for the actuating device 10 in a further possible embodiment. In this case, the electronic unit 12 essentially corresponds to the electronic unit 12 of the embodiment shown in Figure 1. Figures 7 and 8 The sensor elements 21 of the sensor unit 20 are designed and arranged in a strip-like configuration. While a matrix-like arrangement can detect multiple directions of an actuation action 200, the direction of the actuation action 200 can be detected along a straight line in the case of the strip-like sensor elements 21. However, the strip-like arrangement of the sensor elements 21 results in a larger capacitive field for the same installation space, which can reduce the risk of false detection. On an internal electronic component 12.1, screen elements 21.1 are arranged in a strip-like configuration corresponding to the sensor elements 21, reflecting the strip-like design of the sensor elements 21.

[0048] In addition to the sensor unit 20, the electronic unit 12 preferably comprises a touch sensor 22, an identification means 23 and / or a proximity sensor 24, as shown in the Figures 11 to 13The identification means 23 can, in particular, comprise a radio element 23.1, especially in the form of an electrical coil, which can be printed as a circumferential conductor track on the circuit board 13. The identification means 23 enables contactless data exchange with an ID transmitter of the user. Thus, the identification means 23 can preferably comprise an NFC interface, a BLE interface, and / or a UWB interface. This allows identification and / or authentication of the user, in particular by vehicle electronics with which the identification means 23 can be brought into a data communication connection. Depending on the identification of the user by the identification means 23, automatic locking and / or unlocking of the vehicle 1 can be provided. The touch sensor 22 can, for example,The system comprises an LDC sensor that detects deformation caused by touch or pressure on the trim element 11. Depending on the activation of the touch sensor 22, a further function of the vehicle 1, such as an automatic opening and / or closing movement of the vehicle part 2 or an emergency stop when the vehicle part 2 is moved, can be triggered. The additional proximity sensor 24, for example, enables a wake-up signal to other electronic components depending on the detection of the user's approach. Preferably, the touch sensor 22, the identification means 23, and / or the proximity sensor 24 are arranged in different conductor layers 13.1, 13.2 on the circuit board 13. This can be done, for example, according to... Figure 11The sensor unit 20 and the identification means 23 are arranged together on a first conductor layer 13.1. The touch sensor 22 and the proximity sensor 24 can each be arranged on a further conductor layer 13.2 of the circuit board 13. A multi-layered design of the circuit board 13 allows for a compact form, enabling the circuit board 13 to be advantageously arranged in a small installation space on the cladding element 11. The touch sensor 22, the identification means 23, and / or the proximity sensor 24 thus enable the actuating device 10 to provide the user with convenient operation and a high degree of automation. The preceding explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively by way of examples.Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided that this is technically feasible and falls within the scope of the invention as defined by the accompanying patent claims. Reference symbol list

[0049] 1. Vehicle 1.1 Body surface 2. Vehicle part 2.1 B-pillar 3. Opening means 10 Actuating device 10.1 Middle level 11 Cover element 11.1 Cover inside 11.2 Cover outside 12 Electronic unit 12.2 Electronics outside 12.1 Electronics inside 13 Printed circuit board 13.1 First conductor layer 13.2 Second conductor layer 14 Frame 14.1 Snap-in elements 14.2 Mounting means 15 Electronics mount 20 Sensor unit 21 Sensor element 21.1 Shielding element 22 Touch sensor 23 Identification means 23.1 Radio element 24 Proximity sensor 25 Control unit 30 Housing 31 First housing section 31.1 Encapsulation compound 31.2 Cover element 33 Sealant 35 Connection 40Instruction unit 41Window area 41.1Window material 42Light source 43Separating section 43.1Intermediate element 100 Procedure 101 Provide 103 Order 104 Secure 200 Actual activity

Claims

1. An actuating device (10) for triggering a function of a vehicle (1) by a user, comprising a flat trim element (11) for a vehicle component (2) of the vehicle (1), having an inner trim surface (11.1) and an outer trim surface (11.2), an electronic unit (12) with a sensor unit (20) for detecting an actuation action (200) by the user to trigger the function of the vehicle (1), an electronics outer side (12.2) and an electronics inner side (12.1) facing the electronics outer side (12.2), wherein the electronic unit (12) is oriented with its electronics outer side (12.2) toward the inner trim surface (11.1) and is arranged on the trim element (11) to detect the actuation action (200) on the outer trim surface (11.2), wherein a first enclosure section (31) for protecting the electronics inner side (12.1) is fastened to the trim element (11) such that the trim element (11) and the first enclosure section (31) form a closed enclosure (30) for protecting the electronic unit (12), wherein the first enclosure section (31) comprises a potting compound (31.1).

2. Actuating device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first enclosure section (31) is connected to the trim element (11) by material bonding.

3. Actuating device (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the trim element (11) comprises an electronics receptacle (15) for receiving the electronics unit (12), in particular wherein the electronics unit (12) is secured to the trim element (11) in the electronics receptacle (15) by a form-fitting and / or material-bonding connection.

4. Actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic unit (12) comprises a printed circuit board (13) with at least one, in particular capacitive or inductive, sensor element (21) of the sensor unit (20) for detecting the actuating action (200), in particular wherein the sensor element (21) is arranged on the electronics outer side (12.2) on the printed circuit board (13).

5. Actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor unit (20) comprises multiple, in particular identical, sensor elements (21) for detecting the (preferably contactless) actuation action (200), whereby a direction of the actuation action (200) can be identified, and / or in that the sensor elements (21) are arranged in a regular pattern, preferably in a matrix-like and / or strip-like configuration, on the printed circuit board (13).

6. Actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic unit (12) comprises an indication unit (40) through which the detection of the actuation action (200) can be confirmed to the user on the outer trim surface (11.2) and / or a start of the actuation action (200) can be signaled to the user, in particular wherein the indication unit (40) is arranged on the printed circuit board (13), and / or that the indication unit (40) is an optical indication unit (40) and the trim element (11) comprises at least one light-transmissive window area (41) through which an optical signal can be transmitted to the user by the indication unit (40), and / or that the indication unit (40) comprises multiple light emitters (42) for transmitting an optical signal to the user, in particular wherein the light emitters (42) are separated from one another at least in some areas by light-impermeable partition sections (43).

7. Actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic unit (12) is enclosed in a frame (14), by means of which the electronic unit (12) can be positioned on the trim element (11).

8. Actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronics outer side (12.2) of the electronic unit (12) is covered with potting compound (31.1), in particular wherein the frame (14) and / or the electronic unit (12) comprises at least one receiving means (14.2) for a potting nozzle for dispensing potting compound (31.1), so that the potting compound (31.1) can be conveyed from the electronics inner side (12.1) to the electronics outer side (12.2) while the electronics unit (12) is mounted on the trim element (11).

9. Actuating device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic unit (12) comprises a touch sensor (22) for detecting pressure on the trim element (11), whereby a further function of the vehicle (1) can be triggered, in particular wherein the touch sensor (22) comprises an LDC sensor, and / or in that the electronic unit (12) comprises an identification means (23) for identifying the user, in particular wherein the identification means (23) comprises a radio element (23.1) for contactless data exchange with an ID transmitter, and / or that the electronic unit (12) comprises a proximity sensor (24) for detecting a user's approach, in particular wherein the proximity sensor (24) is configured for capacitive detection of the approach.

10. Actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the printed circuit board (13) comprises multiple conductor layers (13.1, 13.2), wherein the sensor unit (20) is arranged on a first conductor layer (13.1) and the touch sensor (22) and / or the identifier (23) is arranged on a further conductor layer (13.2).

11. Actuating device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic unit (12) comprises a control unit (25) for evaluating sensor signals from the sensor unit (20) and for controlling the indication unit (40) in response to the sensor signals.

12. Vehicle (1) comprising an actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims for triggering a function of the vehicle (1) by a user, with a flat trim element (11) of a vehicle part (2) of the vehicle (1), which comprises an inner trim surface (11.1) and an outer trim surface (11.2), an electronic unit (12) comprising a sensor unit (20) for detecting an actuation action (200) by the user to trigger the function of the vehicle (1), an electronics outer side (12.2) and an electronics inner side (12.1) facing the electronics outer side (12.2), wherein the electronic unit (12) is oriented with its electronics outer side (12.2) toward the inner trim surface (11.1) and is arranged on the trim element (11) to detect the actuation action (200) on the outer trim surface (11.2), wherein a first enclosure section (31) for protecting the electronics inner side (12.1) is fastened to the trim element (11) such that the trim element (11) and the first enclosure section (31) form a closed enclosure (30) for protecting the electronic unit (12).

13. Vehicle (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the vehicle part (2) is a door, in particular in the form of a sliding door, of the vehicle (1), wherein an opening means (3) is provided for automatically opening the door in response to the actuation action (200).

14. A method (100) for manufacturing an actuating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims for triggering a function of a vehicle (1), in particular according to one of claims 12 or 13, by a user, comprising the following steps: - providing (101) a flat trim element (11) for a vehicle component (2) of a vehicle (1) with an inner trim surface (11.1) and an outer trim surface (11.2), - providing (102) an electronic unit (12) with a sensor unit (20) for detecting an actuation action (200) by the user to trigger the function of the vehicle (1), - arranging (103) the electronic unit (12) on the trim element (11) such that an electronics outer side (12.2) of the electronic unit (12) faces the inner trim surface (11.1) of the trim element (11), - fastening (104) a first enclosure section (31) to the trim element (11) to protect the electronics inner side (12.1) of the electronic unit, such that the trim element (11) and the first enclosure section (31) form a closed enclosure (30) for protecting the electronic unit (12), wherein the first enclosure section (31) is formed by a potting compound (31.1).

15. Method (100) according to claim 14, characterized in that the electronic unit (12) and the trim element (11) are potted with the potting compound (31.1).

Images