Vertically divided feeder for being used when pouring metals into casting moulds, and method for the production thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a feeder insert (1, 1', 1'', 1''', 100, 100') for being used when pouring metals into casting moulds, comprising a feeder body (2, 2', 2'', 2''', 102, 102'), which delimits a feeder cavity (4, 4', 4'', 4''', 104, 104') for receiving liquid metal, wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2'', 2''', 102, 102') has a first end (6, 6', 6'', 6''', 106, 106') with a passage opening (8) for the liquid metal and a second end (10, 10', 10'', 10''', 110, 110'), opposite the first end (6, 6', 6'', 6''', 106, 106'), and wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2'', 2''', 102, 102') has a central axis (Z) extending through the passage opening (8). The feeder body (2, 2', 2'', 2''', 102, 102') is separated at at least one dividing plane (E), extending in the direction of the central axis (Z), and is formed by at least a first feeder shell (18, 18', 18'', 18''', 118, 118') and a second feeder shell (20, 20', 20'', 20''', 120, 120'). The first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18'', 18''', 118, 118') are connected to one another to form the feeder body (2, 2', 2'', 2''', 102, 102').

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a feeder insert according to claim 1.

[0002] The invention further relates to a method for producing such a feeder insert.

[0003] Feeder inserts are known in the art and are used for casting metals in casting molds. The feeder inserts are at least partially surrounded by a molding material, such as molding sand, used to produce the casting molds. The molding material surrounding the feeder insert holds the feeder insert in a predetermined position within the casting mold or a mold part of the casting mold. The feeder body defines a feeder cavity for receiving the liquid metal used during casting within the feeder insert. The feeder body has a first end with a passage opening for the liquid metal, by means of which a connection is created to regions of a mold cavity of the mold part of the casting mold to be produced. A portion of the metal filled into the mold cavity of the casting mold during casting passes through the passage opening into the feeder cavity of the feeder insert.As the metal solidifies in the mold, the metal held in the molten state in the feeder sleeve can flow back into the mold. This compensates for any shrinkage of the cast part.

[0004] The feeder body has a second end opposite the first end, through which the feeder cavity is closed. This creates a virtually closed feeder cavity. To counteract the high pressures acting on the mold material used to produce the casting mold during the compaction process, feeder inserts are often used, the overall height of which can be adjusted during the compaction process of the mold material into a finished molded part.

[0005] Publication EP 1 184 104 A1 discloses a feeder insert for use in metal casting. It comprises a feeder body and a feeder element, with the feeder body and the feeder element being telescopically movable into one another in sections. During the compression process, the feeder body and the feeder element are thus moved relative to one another. This two-part feeder insert has proven itself in practice.

[0006] A one-piece feeder insert, in contrast, is known from DE 20 2012 102 546 U1. This feeder insert differs from the above-described feeder insert according to EP 1 184 104 A1 in particular in that the feeder element and feeder body are formed as one piece. This is intended to prevent individual elements, particularly the retaining elements of the feeder insert described in EP 1 184 104 A1, from breaking off and mixing with the molding sand. Furthermore, this is intended to simplify production.

[0007] Even if this feeder insert functions equally well, there is still a need to improve feeder inserts of the type mentioned above. In particular, there is a need for improvement in simplifying the manufacture of such a feeder insert as well as in the insulating effect. It has been shown that certain geometries, particularly those resembling a spherical shape, are best suited to keeping the liquid metal contained in the feeder cavity liquid at an elevated temperature for as long as possible. However, such feeder inserts are difficult to manufacture using conventional means, so one object of the invention is to remedy this situation. A method for producing such a feeder is disclosed, for example, in DE 10 2015 115 437 A1.

[0008] CN 110153376 A discloses a feeder having a feeder body comprising a heating layer, an insulation layer and a housing layer.

[0009] EP 1 775 045 A2 discloses a feeder insert for placement in a casting mold used in metal casting, comprising a feeder body made of an exothermic and / or insulating material and having a feeder volume. The feeder body has an interior space defined by side walls and an upper region as the feeder volume, and a feeder opening is formed in the bottom region of the feeder body as a connection to the mold cavity. The feeder insert has a predetermined breaking point in the upper region for the penetration of a mandrel. The feeder insert can be designed without a breaker core and can have at least one division.

[0010] Further feeders or feeder inserts are known from DE 20 2012 102 546 U1, DE 10 2013 209 775 B3, WO 2016 / 034872 A1 and DE 24 28 885 A1.

[0011] The invention solves the problem with the feeder insert of the type mentioned at the outset in that the feeder body is separated at least at one parting plane running in the direction of the central axis and is formed from at least a first feeder shell and a second feeder shell, wherein the first and the second feeder shell are connected to one another to form the feeder body.

[0012] In a typical feeder insert, which is essentially cylindrical in shape, the central axis is the central axis of the cylindrical body. The central axis can be an axis of rotational symmetry, but this is not mandatory. The central axis runs through the passage opening and forms the central axis of the passage opening. This means that the central axis also lies in the direction of flow through the passage opening as the liquid metal enters and exits.

[0013] The feeder body is separated along at least one parting plane extending in the direction of the central axis. The parting plane may encompass the central axis or be offset parallel to it. The feeder body may also be separated at two or more parting planes, which may be aligned at an angle to one another. In contrast to the feeder insert known, for example, from EP 1 184 104 A1, which is separated horizontally, the feeder insert according to the present invention is separated vertically. The feeder body is then formed by two or more feeder shells, namely in particular a first feeder shell and a second feeder shell. The feeder shells are assembled and connected to one another to form the feeder body, which then defines and delimits the feeder cavity.

[0014] In this way, even a complex feeder body geometry can be easily manufactured by dividing it into two or more feeder shells. In particular, the feeder body can have undercuts along the central axis without the need to form the feeder cavity inside, for example, using a lost core technique or similar. Dividing the feeder shells into two vertically split halves also allows the feeder shells to be manufactured as a single piece.

[0015] The first and second feeder shells can be connected to each other by a form-fitting or material-fitting connection. For example, an adhesive, such as a dot of adhesive or a hot-melt adhesive, can be applied to the first and second feeder shells. Since feeder inserts are primarily subjected to loads along their central axis during use, the connection between the first and second feeder shells does not need to withstand particularly high forces.

[0016] In a first preferred embodiment, the first feeder shell has a first dividing surface, and the second feeder shell has a second dividing surface corresponding to the first dividing surface to interconnect the first and second feeder shells. The first and second dividing surfaces are the surfaces with which the feeder shells are placed against one another to form the feeder body. The first and second dividing surfaces can be substantially or completely flat. This is particularly preferred when the first and second feeder shells are joined together in a materially bonded manner, preferably by means of an adhesive.

[0017] In a preferred development, the first feeder shell has at least one first projection and at least one first recess, and the second feeder shell has at least one second projection and a second recess, wherein, to connect the first and second feeder shells, the first projection engages in the second recess and the second projection engages in the first recess. The first and second projections and recesses are preferably formed on the first and second dividing surfaces. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the first feeder shell has only projections and the second feeder shell only recesses. For example, it can be provided that one or more first projections are provided on the first dividing surface and one or more first recesses, which correspond to the first projections, are provided on the second dividing surface.The projections and recesses allow the first and second feeder shells to be connected to each other in a form-fitting manner. The projections and recesses together thus form form-fitting elements for the form-fitting connection of the first and second feeder shells.

[0018] The projections and recesses can be designed such that the projections clamp in the corresponding recesses, thus holding the first and second feeder shells together solely due to this clamping. For this purpose, the projections can be designed with a slight oversize relative to the corresponding recesses, generally conical or truncated cone-shaped, with clamping elements such as clamping strips, clamping knobs or clamping webs, and / or have a type of barb. Such a barb could also be made of metal and arranged on the respective projection when the respective feeder shell is shot or subsequently. It is also conceivable to arrange a type of clamping ring around one or more projections and / or in one or more of the recesses, which then enables the projection and recess to be clamped together.

[0019] In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first and second feeder shells can be connected by means of one or more pins. For this purpose, the first and second feeder shells have corresponding first and second pin receptacles, which can be formed, for example, as blind holes or through holes. A pin can then be arranged such that it extends into the corresponding holes and is held there in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner. A particularly simple solution is to use a wooden pin, which is first placed in the pin receptacle in the first feeder shell and then, when joined to the second feeder shell, comes into the second pin receptacle of the second feeder shell. As an alternative to a wooden pin, a pin made of another material can also be used, preferably selected from molding compound, metal, plastic, paper, or cardboard. The pin can be made of solid material or partially hollow.

[0020] Preferably, there is provision for a distance in the range of 20 mm or less, 15 mm or less, 10 mm or less, 5 mm or less, 3 mm or less between any two adjacent projections or recesses. Intermediate regions, preferably in 1 mm increments, are also provided. The projections or recesses are provided along the first and second parting surfaces. These then form a barrier from the feeder cavity to the radial outwards, even when they engage with each other. If completely flat parting surfaces are provided, a gap can form between the abutting parting surfaces and create a straight passage from the interior of the feeder body to the radial outwards. Liquid metal can collect here during use, which can then lead to so-called springs in the casting process.The interlocking projections and recesses interrupt this and ensure that springs are shorter, namely only as long as the distance between two adjacent projections or recesses. Furthermore, even better insulation is created, as there is no clear passage between the two feeder shells.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, a total area of ​​50% or less, 40% or less, 35% or less, or 30% or less, measured along the central axis, is free of projections or recesses. The area free of projections or recesses is preferably selected to be as small as possible in order to keep the clear passage between the first and second feeder shells as small as possible. The projections are preferably formed by inserting residual material that is not completely removed through the inlet openings of a core box in which the feeder shell was manufactured. Feeder inserts, including the feeder shells of the present invention, are shot from a molding material in so-called core boxes. Core boxes are boxes with a mold cavity into which the molding material is introduced, i.e. shot, using air pressure.Such core boxes typically have at least one, usually several, inlets to which so-called shot nozzles are connected for filling the molding material. Since these inlets cannot be completely flush with the mold cavity, material inserts form there. By not completely removing these, the feeder shells have projections that can be used as projections within the scope of this invention for the positive connection of the first and second feeder shells. This further simplifies production and allows some or all of the work steps to be eliminated.

[0022] In order to hold the first and second feeder shells together in the connected state, a retaining collar is preferably provided which partially or completely surrounds the feeder body. This is particularly preferred when the feeder shells are only positively connected to one another, for example by inserting the projections and recesses into one another. In order to then secure the feeder shells against one another, in order to simplify transport and handling during use, the retaining collar is preferably provided. This is particularly simple if the retaining collar completely surrounds the feeder body. However, it can also be provided that the retaining collar only partially surrounds the feeder body and for this purpose corresponding holders are provided on the first and second feeder shells.

[0023] The retaining sleeve is expediently designed as a: paper sleeve, plastic sleeve, elastomer sleeve, rubber sleeve, metal sleeve, retaining sleeve made from renewable raw materials, retaining sleeve made from a material that burns essentially completely, or combinations thereof. A paper sleeve can be formed either in one piece or as a paper strip that is closed by means of an adhesive bond, or else attached to the feeder body by means of an adhesive bond, as is known, for example, from beverage bottle labels. A plastic sleeve can in particular be designed as a plastic film in order to use as little material as possible. Elastomer and rubber sleeves are preferably designed as bands that, under tension, preferably completely surround the feeder body.

[0024] A metal collar or a plastic collar can be designed as a one-piece or multi-piece, open or closed ring or partial ring. A closed metal or plastic ring can, for example, simply be slipped over the assembled feeder shells from above to secure them against each other. Alternatively, a metal ring similar to a hose clamp can be used to secure the two feeder shells against each other. An open ring, which is, for example, essentially C-shaped, can be pushed over the first and second feeder shells transversely to the central axis like a clamp. Such a partial ring can also be formed from other materials that have sufficient tension to hold the first and second feeder shells together.

[0025] A retaining sleeve made from renewable raw materials can, in turn, be essentially similar to a paper sleeve and, for example, be made from a fibrous material such as hemp. The retaining sleeve, including one of the aforementioned types, is preferably designed to be essentially completely combustible. This allows the molding sand in the casting mold to be kept free of foreign matter.

[0026] To better secure the retaining sleeve, a circumferential recess for receiving the retaining sleeve can be provided on the feeder body. The circumferential recess thus extends along the first and second feeder shells and can, for example, be designed as a circumferential groove. Alternatively, a retaining web can also be provided that extends circumferentially along the feeder body and prevents the retaining sleeve from slipping down at least in one of the axial directions of the feeder body.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeder cavity has at least one undercut. Undercut preferably refers to the passage opening from which a mold core would have to be removed if the feeder body were manufactured as a single piece. The undercut is preferably understood to be in the direction of the central axis. The feeder cavity is preferably partially spherical or spherical. It has been found that a spherical shape, due to the particularly advantageous surface-to-volume ratio, leads to a particularly long maintenance of the temperature in the liquid metal contained in the feeder cavity. The more unfavorable this ratio is, i.e. the smaller the volume-to-surface ratio is, the more quickly the liquid metal contained in the feeder cavity cools down and can then no longer adequately compensate for shrinkage of the molded body during casting.Such a shape requires a small through-opening relative to the feeder cavity, which widens from outside the feeder body into the interior of the feeder body, i.e., within the feeder cavity. This, in turn, requires an undercut. The present invention allows such a feeder body to be formed from two feeder shells. These feeder shells are preferably free of undercuts and thus easy to manufacture. A partially spherical shape of a feeder cavity can, for example, be formed by two feeder shells, which in turn define a hemisphere of the partially spherical shape within the interior and are thus each free of undercuts and thus easy to manufacture.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the feeder body tapers toward the passage opening, thus defining a feeder neck. Preferably, the feeder body tapers toward the passage opening in a substantially truncated cone shape if the passage opening is circular. However, the passage opening can also be elongated, so that the feeder body then tapers in a manner similar to an elongated cone. This is intended to form a notch that simplifies the removal of the feeder insert, including any metal that may have hardened therein, after the metal has solidified.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the feeder body has at least one circumferential weakened region which divides the feeder body into a base section with the passage opening and a cap section coaxial along the central axis, such that when a force is applied in the direction of the central axis, the feeder body can be broken in the weakened region, wherein the base section and the cap section can be telescopically displaced into one another in sections. In this way, a feeder insert in the manner of a telescopic feeder can be formed. The base section with the passage opening is fixedly arranged on the mold or mold box. When molding sand is poured into the mold, the pressure on the feeder body increases, so that the cap section, which in a conventional orientation of the feeder insert is arranged vertically above the base section, is pressed downwards.In the weakened area, the feeder body breaks, and the cap section moves downward. This can occur either by the base section penetrating the cap section, or by the cap section penetrating the base section. The simplest approach is for the base section to penetrate the cap section. For this purpose, it is advantageous for the base section to have an outer diameter that is slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the cap section. The weakened area can be formed as an area with reduced wall thickness, as an area with multiple perforations, as a clamp between separately formed base and cap sections, or as another breakable connection.

[0030] In a further embodiment, a metallic attachment with a collar extending in the direction of the central axis can be arranged on the feeder body around the passage opening. Such a metallic attachment can also be referred to as a breaker core and serves to further constrict the metal at the attachment point between the feeder insert and the mold. The extending collar reduces the attachment area of ​​the feeder insert, thus further simplifying the arrangement of the feeder insert on a casting mold. The metallic attachment can also be used to secure the first and second feeder shells against one another. For this purpose, the metallic attachment preferably at least partially radially encloses the first and second feeder shells to secure their connection.

[0031] It is part of the present invention that the first and second feeder shells are substantially identical. They can also be completely identical. By arranging the projections and recesses accordingly, it is possible to use identical parts, eliminating the need to provide two different molds to form the two feeder shells. Furthermore, this simplifies assembly.

[0032] By providing at least one recess on the feeder body as a receptacle for a centering mandrel tip, the positional stability or a desired orientation of the feeder insert relative to a mold pattern or mold plate receiving the feeder insert can be easily maintained. Furthermore, the recess provided on the feeder body provides guidance for the feeder body or the cap element during the compaction process of the molding material forming the casting mold, during which the cap element must be moved relative to the base element and thus also to the centering mandrel.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the centering mandrel recess has an insertion chamfer oriented toward the feeder cavity. This is particularly advantageous for feeder bodies designed as spherical feeders. The insertion chamfer allows the centering mandrel to enter the recess more easily, and chipping or breakout of material around the recess can be prevented. Chipped material could otherwise contaminate the liquid metal being held in the feeder, which could impair component quality. This particularly facilitates robot-guided placement of the feeder insert.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeder body comprises an exothermic heating mass at least in sections. Using such an exothermic heating mass, the solidification behavior of the liquid metal within the feeder cavity can be specifically influenced. The more the feeder body consists of or comprises an exothermic mass, the longer the liquid metal in the feeder insert can be kept liquid by the exothermic heating mass, and the longer the process of feeding into the casting is possible. Preferably, the feeder body is equipped with such an exothermic heating mass at certain points or in certain sections.

[0035] The feeder insert preferably has a modulus in the range of approximately 0.5 cm to 9 cm, more preferably approximately 1.2 cm to 2.6 cm. The specified ratio of 0.5 cm to approximately 9 cm between volume and heat-dissipating surface preferably indicates the feeder inserts by means of which a good, tight feed of a cast part to be produced can be achieved. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modulus of the feeder insert according to the invention is in a range of approximately 1.2 to 2.6 cm.

[0036] In a further embodiment, the feeder insert comprises a metallic attachment arranged on the feeder body surrounding the passage opening and connecting the first feeder shell and the second feeder shell. The feeder shells can be held together solely by the metallic attachment, or the metallic attachment can be provided additionally. The metallic attachment is preferably formed from a single piece, for example, by deep drawing.

[0037] Preferably, the metallic attachment has at least one first locking element, and the feeder body has at least one second locking element corresponding to the first locking element, such that the metallic attachment can be locked to the feeder body. For example, the metallic attachment has a projection that can positively engage a locking recess formed on the feeder body. Particularly preferably, the metallic attachment can be attached to the feeder body in the manner of a bayonet lock.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, a feeder insert is provided for use in the casting of metals in vertically divisible casting molds, wherein the feeder body is configured for positioning by means of a centering mandrel positionable along a centering axis, and wherein the feeder cavity is designed such that, with a horizontal arrangement of the centering axis, a predominant volume portion of the feeder cavity can be positioned above the centering axis. A corresponding feeder insert according to the invention can, in a preferred embodiment, be used as a side feeder, by means of which, instead of a conventional seal feed on a casting mold, critical areas of the casting mold located in a side region of the casting mold can also be refilled from the top thereof.According to a preferred embodiment of the feeder insert according to the invention, the feeder body is designed asymmetrically to the central axis of the feeder body, which is defined by the passage opening on the feeder body or a centering mandrel projecting through the passage opening into the feeder cavity.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the feeder insert according to the invention, an asymmetrical design of the feeder cavity relative to the central axis of the feeder body is achieved by an uneven design of the feeder body on one side of the central axis. For appropriate tight feeding with such a designed feeder insert, it is provided that the feeder insert is positioned with a preferred direction on a mold model or on a mold plate. A further embodiment provides that the feeder body has an odd number of material webs on its inner side defining the feeder cavity, so that with a horizontal arrangement of the centering axis, a greater number of material webs are arranged below the centering axis than above the centering axis.

[0040] In a further preferred embodiment, the feeder body is formed from exothermic feeder material or comprises exothermic feeder material at least in sections. Alternatively or additionally, the feeder body is formed from insulating feeder material or comprises insulating feeder material at least in sections. Alternatively or additionally, the feeder body is formed from or contains a material selected from the group consisting of metals, plastics, cardboard, mixtures thereof, and composite materials thereof.

[0041] The use of exothermic feeder material achieves high economic efficiency and, in particular, good sealing during the casting process, since the exothermic feeder material can keep the metal in the feeder insert in a liquid state for a comparatively long period of time. However, molding sand bound with a binder, particularly quartz sand, can also be used as the feeder material. However, an exothermic material is often preferred for forming at least parts of the mold elements. Certain areas of the feeder insert can be made of different materials with different properties (exothermic or insulating). Alternatively, the feeder body can be formed from a homogeneous material mixture with exothermic or insulating components.

[0042] A further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a feeder insert according to one of the preferred embodiments described above, comprising the steps of: shooting a first feeder shell in a core box; shooting a second feeder shell in the or a core box; and connecting the first and second feeder shells to form a feeder body. The shooting of the first and second feeder shells in a or the core box can also take place simultaneously or essentially simultaneously. The first and second feeder shells can also be formed one after the other, i.e., sequentially, in the same shot mold. This is particularly preferred when the first and second feeder shells are essentially identical. The connecting of the first and second feeder shells to form the feeder body can take place, as described above, either in a form-fitting manner or by means of a material fit.

[0043] The method preferably further comprises the step of forming at least one first projection on the first feeder shell by partially or incompletely removing a material insert formed by an inlet opening of the core box. It may be provided that the material insert is partially removed or partially or completely smoothed to form the projection. Alternatively, it may also be provided that a projection is separately and additionally formed onto the feeder shell.

[0044] Furthermore, it is preferred that the method comprises: arranging a retaining sleeve circumferentially around the first and second feeder shells. Arranging the retaining sleeve can, on the one hand, comprise fitting an already formed retaining sleeve approximately coaxially to the central axis over the feeder body. In this respect, the step of arranging a retaining sleeve circumferentially around the first and second feeder shells preferably also comprises the step of producing or providing a retaining sleeve. The retaining sleeve can be formed from various materials as described above. However, the step of arranging the retaining sleeve circumferentially around the first and second feeder shells can also comprise producing the retaining sleeve.For example, it is conceivable and preferred that a paper strip is wrapped around the first and second feeder shells, which are already connected to each other, and then, when the retaining collar is arranged around the first and second feeder shells, the retaining collar is produced in this way. In this case, the arrangement of the retaining collar around the first and second feeder shells comprises wrapping a material around the first and second feeder shells and thus around the central axis.

[0045] In a further embodiment, connecting the first and second feeder shells comprises inserting a pin into at least one pin receptacle, wherein the pin is preferably made of molding compound, metal, plastic, or paper or cardboard. The pin is preferably designed such that it can be inserted into molded holes or pin receptacles, thus firmly connecting the two feeder shells after compression. Multiple pins can also be provided.

[0046] Embodiments of the invention will now be described below with reference to the drawings. These are not necessarily intended to represent the embodiments to scale; rather, the drawings are schematic and / or slightly distorted where this is useful for explanation. With regard to additions to the teachings immediately apparent from the drawings, reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that numerous modifications and changes to the form and detail of an embodiment can be made without deviating from the general idea of ​​the invention. The features of the invention disclosed in the description, in the drawings and in the claims can be essential for the further development of the invention, both individually and in any combination.Furthermore, all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawings and / or the claims fall within the scope of the invention. The general idea of ​​the invention is not limited to the exact form or detail of the preferred embodiments shown and described below, or limited to an object that would be more limited than the object claimed in the claims. For specified dimensioning ranges, values ​​within the stated limits are also intended to be disclosed as limit values ​​and to be used and claimed as desired. For the sake of simplicity, the same reference numerals are used below for identical or similar parts or parts with identical or similar functions.

[0047] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawings, which show: Figure 1 shows a section through a feeder insert according to a first embodiment; Figure 2 shows a perspective view of two feeder shells of the first embodiment; Figure 3a shows a view of the feeder insert according to Figure 1 in a sectional view in the uncompressed state; Figure 3b a view of the feeder insert according to Figure 1 in a sectional view in a compressed state; Figure 4a a view of a feeder insert according to a second embodiment in a sectional view in an uncompressed state; Figure 4b a view of the feeder insert according to Figure 4a in a compressed state; Figure 5a a view of a feeder insert according to a third embodiment in a sectional view in an uncompressed state; Figure 5b a view of the feeder insert according to Figure 5ain a sectional view in a compressed state; Figure 6a a view of a feeder insert according to a fourth embodiment in a sectional view in an uncompressed state; Figure 6b a view of the feeder insert according to Figure 6a in a sectional view in a compressed state; Figure 7 shows a view of a feeder insert according to a fifth embodiment in a sectional view; Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a feeder insert according to a sixth embodiment; Figure 9 shows a sectional view of the feeder insert according to Fig. 8 ; Fig. 10a a sectional view of a metallic attachment for use with the feeder insert of the sixth embodiment; Fig. 10b a perspective view of the metallic attachment of Fig. 10a ; and in Fig. 11 a sectional view of a feeder insert according to a seventh embodiment

[0048] Figure 1shows a first embodiment of a feeder insert 1 according to the invention, which is used in the casting of metals in a casting mold not shown in detail. The feeder insert 1 comprises a feeder body 2, which defines a feeder cavity 4 for receiving liquid metal. The feeder body 2 has a first end 6 with a passage opening 8 for the liquid metal. The feeder body 2 further has a second end 10, which is opposite the first end 6, wherein the second end 10 of the feeder body 2 is closed.

[0049] In the Figure 1In the embodiment shown, a centering mandrel 12 is inserted into the feeder body 2, which is arranged on a model plate 14 or a mold model. The centering mandrel 12 serves to ensure the exact position of the feeder insert 1. However, the centering mandrel 12 is not part of the feeder insert 1 itself, but merely serves to position the feeder insert 1 during mold production and is removed after the production of at least one mold part of the casting mold. A centering tip 16 of the centering mandrel 12 extends in the Figure 1 shown embodiment through the second end 10 of the feeder body 2, whereby this is not absolutely necessary, but the centering mandrel 12 with its centering tip 16 can also end within the feeder body 2.

[0050] The feeder body 2 further has a central axis Z, which extends in Figure 1extends vertically and runs centrally through the passage opening 8. The central axis Z falls in the feeder insert 1 according to Figure 1 also with a centering axis of the centering mandrel 12. The feeder insert 1 is along a parting plane E, which is Figure 1 in the image plane and is thus parallel to and encompasses the central axis Z. The feeder body 2 is composed of a first feeder shell 18 and a second feeder shell 20 (cf. Figure 2 ) which can be or are connected to each other to form the feeder body 2. Since the cutting plane according to the drawing in Figure 1 also lies in the image plane, is in Figure 1 only the first feeder bowl can be seen. Figure 2 shows a disassembled view of the feeder insert 1, in which the first and second feeder shells 18, 20 can be seen.

[0051] The feeder insert 1 or the feeder body 2 is thus divided vertically and each of the feeder shells 18, 20 can be manufactured individually and separately. In this way, even complex shapes such as in Figure 1 The feeder cavity 4 of the Figure 1The embodiment shown has an undercut which is characterized in that the feeder cavity 4 initially widens starting from the passage opening 8 and then tapers again towards the second end 10. In order to be able to produce such a feeder cavity 4 in a one-piece feeder body 2, it would be necessary to work with a lost core in the interior. Alternatively, such a feeder cavity 4 would have to be produced by means of a lift-off manufacturing process. Typically, in the prior art, such a shape was formed by the feeder body 2 being divided horizontally, namely consisting of a lower feeder part and a top feeder part which can be separated from one another in the vertical direction. Nevertheless, even with the conventional method of operation, restrictions in the geometry arise which no longer apply due to the present vertical division.

[0052] The first feeder shell 18 has a first dividing surface 19, and the second feeder shell 20 has a second dividing surface 21. The first and second dividing surfaces 19, 21 are designed to abut one another when the feeder shells 18, 20 are assembled. Three projections are provided on the first dividing surface 19 of the first feeder shell 18: a first projection 22a, another first projection 22b, and a third first projection 22c. In addition, the first dividing surface 19 of the first feeder shell 18 also has a first recess 23a, another first recess 23b, and a third first recess 23c. The second feeder shell 20 or the second dividing surface 21 corresponds to the first feeder shell 18 or the first dividing surface 19 and has a second projection 24a, a further second projection 24b and a third second projection 24c.It further comprises a second recess 25a, a further second recess 25b, and a third second recess 25c. As can be easily seen from . Figure 2 As can be seen, the projections and recesses of the two feeder shells 18, 20 can interact. Thus, when the two feeder shells 18, 20 are joined, the first projection 22a enters the second recess 25a, and the second projection 24a enters the first recess 23a. The same applies to the remaining recesses and projections. Thus, the projection 22c enters the recess 25c, the projection 24c enters the recess 23c, the projection 22b enters the recess 25b, and the projection 24b enters the recess 23b.

[0053] The first and second feeder shells 18, 20 of the first embodiment ( Figures 1 - 3b) are further characterized by the fact that the feeder shells 18, 20 are identically designed. This can be achieved through the clever arrangement of the projections and recesses. This allows identical parts to be used, and the feeder shells 18, 20 can be manufactured in the same core shooters.

[0054] The projections 22a - 22c, 24a - 24c and recesses 23a - 23c, 25a - 25c act together as form-locking elements by means of which the first and second feeder shells 18, 20 can be joined together. In order to maintain the connected position of the first and second feeder shells 18, 20, Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, a retaining collar 26 is also provided. The retaining collar 26 is accommodated in a circumferential recess 28 in order to fix the retaining collar 26 in the axial position. However, this recess 28 is not required and in the embodiment shown in Figure 2The retaining sleeve 26 can be made of paper, rubber, elastomer material, metal, or other materials, for example. It is not necessary for the retaining sleeve 26 to absorb particularly high forces; rather, it serves to prevent the first and second feeder shells 18, 20 from falling apart during transport or positioning on the pattern plate 14. Preferably, the retaining sleeve 26 is made of a material that burns completely during the casting process. In this way, the molding sand surrounding the feeder insert 1 can be kept free of residues of other materials.

[0055] The various projections 22a - 22c, 24a - 24c, and recesses 23a - 23c, 25a - 25c, are arranged on the first and second dividing surfaces 19, 21 in such a way that a distance A between adjacent ones of these elements (cf. Figure 1) is not greater than a predetermined value, preferably not greater than 20 mm. The shorter this distance, the better, in order to avoid so-called springs. As can be easily seen from the Figure 1 and 2As can be seen, liquid metal entering the feeder cavity 4 through the passage opening 8 could flow between the parting surfaces 19, 21 and there radially through them towards the outside of the feeder insert 1. The interlacing of the projections and recesses, on the other hand, forms a certain barrier. This is advantageous on the one hand to prevent heat transfer from the feeder cavity 4 to the outside, and on the other hand to interrupt the material flow and thus ensure that no springs form, namely solidified metal which remains in a flat form between the first and second parting surfaces 19, 21. The shorter these surfaces are, the more advantageous this is for the casting process. It is also preferred if the form-locking elements, i.e. the projections and recesses, occupy the largest possible area. As can be seen from Figure 1 and 2As can be seen, the free area in the axial direction, that is to say along the central axis Z, of the first and second parting surfaces 19, 21, that is to say an area without projection or recess, is relatively small, preferably less than 50% measured against the total length of the feeder body 2. This also leads to increased insulation and prevents the formation of springs.

[0056] Furthermore, the feeder insert 1 according to the present embodiment is designed as a so-called telefeeder and has a weakened area 30 at which the feeder body 2 can break and be compressed. This is particularly important with reference to the Figures 3a, 3b shown. The feeder body 2 has a base section 32 and a cap section 34, which are separated from each other by the weakened area 30. The weakened area 30 is designed as a section with reduced wall thickness, as can be easily seen from the Figures 1 - 3bcan be seen. The base portion 32 has a first outer diameter D1 which is equal to or smaller than a second diameter D2, namely the inner diameter of the feeder cavity 4 in the region of the cap portion 34. In this way, upon breakage of the weakened region 30, the base portion 32 can penetrate into the cap portion 34.

[0057] If the feeder insert 1 is used as shown in Figure 3a , shown enclosed in molding sand 36 and this molding sand 36 is then compressed, as in the Figure 3bAs shown, a force F acts in particular on the second end 10 of the feeder body 2, so that the centering tip 16 penetrates the second end 10 and the cap portion 34 is moved downwards toward the base portion 32. Since the base portion 32 is stationary, namely resting against the pattern plate 14, the material of the feeder body 2 breaks in the region of the weakened area 30 and the cap portion 34 is pushed over the base portion 32. The volume of the feeder cavity 4 is thereby reduced.

[0058] The base section 32 is also slightly conical. It tapers toward the passage opening 8 on both its outer surface 38 and its inner surface 40. This creates a constriction so that the solidified metal located in the feeder cavity 4 after the casting process is complete can be easily removed. The taper thus serves to create a notch with a notch effect. Furthermore, the taper, particularly the taper on the outer surface 38, results in a smaller footprint for the feeder insert 1.

[0059] Even if that in Figure 1 shown embodiment shows the weakened region 30, it should be understood that a similar feeder insert 1 with a tapered base section 32 is also preferred and disclosed herein if no weakened region 30 is provided.

[0060] The Figures 4a, 4bshow a second embodiment of the present invention. Again, the feeder insert 1' has a feeder body 2', which defines a feeder cavity 4' for receiving liquid metal. Identical and similar elements are provided with reference numerals, which are preceded by an apostrophe for the second embodiment. The differences from the first embodiment are particularly highlighted below.

[0061] A significant difference from the first embodiment is that the feeder cavity 4' is partially spherical. The feeder body 2' is again formed from two feeder shells 18', 20', of which Figures 4a, 4bHowever, only one feeder shell 18' is shown. The second feeder shell 20', however, is again formed identically to the first feeder shell 18'. This can be clearly seen from the first projection 22a', the further first projection 22b', as well as the first recess 23a' and the further first recess 23b'.

[0062] The feeder body 2' differs in its geometry from that of the first embodiment ( Figures 1 - 3b ) in particular in that the cap portion 34 of the feeder body 2' is also substantially partially spherical. Accordingly, the first projection 22a' and the first recess 23a' are also partially circular or arcuate. The feeder insert 1' according to the second embodiment ( Figures 4a, 4b ) is designed as a telefeeder and has a weakening area 30, which is similar in function to that of the first embodiment ( Figures 1 - 3b ) corresponds.

[0063] A spherical shape is a particularly preferred shape because it has a particularly favorable surface-to-volume ratio. This allows the temperature of the metal contained in the feeder cavity 4 to be kept high, and it remains liquid for a longer period than with other geometries.

[0064] The feeder body 2' of the second embodiment ( Figures 4a - 4b ) has an undercut, and the feeder cavity 4' initially widens from the passage opening 8 in the direction of the second end 10' along the central axis Z and then tapers again. The spherical shape is a particularly complex shape to produce for feeders and is particularly preferred within the scope of the invention because it can be manufactured easily and economically due to the two feeder shells 18', 20'.

[0065] A third in the Figures 5a, 5b The embodiment shown is essentially based on the second one in the Figures 4a and 4b illustrated embodiment, so that in the following the differences to the second embodiment ( Figure 4a, 4b ) are highlighted.

[0066] In contrast to the second embodiment ( Figure 4a, 4b ) is in the third embodiment ( Figure 5a, 5b ) a metallic attachment 42 is provided, which is arranged around the passage opening 8 and has a collar 44 extending axially in the direction of the central axis Z. In the embodiment shown here, the metallic attachment 42 covers the conical region of the outer surface 38, but not a cylindrical part 39 with the first diameter D1. The cylindrical part 39 is intended, as described above, to penetrate into the cap section 34 of the feeder body 2' upon fracture of the weakened region 30 (as in Figure 5b shown), so that it is advantageous if the metallic attachment 42 is not arranged here.

[0067] The projecting collar 44 serves to hold the feeder body 2' slightly away from the pattern plate 14 and at the same time to reduce the standing area. The inner diameter of the collar 44 essentially corresponds to the outer diameter of the centering mandrel 12. Otherwise, the feeder body 2' corresponds to that of the third embodiment ( Figures 4a, 4b ). The metallic attachment 42, which is preferably made in one piece, preferably completely radially encloses the conical section of the base section 42 and in this way also leads to a further holding of the two feeder shells 18', 20' and in this respect supports the function of the retaining sleeve 26.

[0068] In the Figures 6a, 6bA so-called side feeder is shown, which is used to be attached to the side of a casting mold. With such a side feeder, the first and second feeder shells 18", 20" cannot be formed identically, as was the case in the previous embodiments, which is easily apparent from the Figures 6a, 6b Rather, the feeder shells 18", 20" must be designed essentially mirror-symmetrically along the parting plane E, with projections and recesses being complementary to each other. In the Figures 6a, 6bIn the embodiment shown, the first feeder shell 18" again has a first dividing surface 19" on which a first projection 22a", a further first projection 22b", and a third first projection 22c" are formed. These are arranged in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, alternating with a first recess 23a", a further first recess 23b", and a third first recess 23c". The alternating arrangement of the projection and recess leads to a better connection of the first and second feeder shells 18", 20". In the embodiment shown here, a retaining sleeve 26 is also provided, although this is not absolutely necessary, and the feeder shells 18", 20" can also be connected, for example, by means of an adhesive.

[0069] The feeder insert 1", which is designed as a side feeder, is also designed as a so-called telefeeder in this case. It also has a weakened area 30 as well as a base section 32 and a cap section 34, wherein again an outer diameter of the base section 32 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the cap section 34. Figure 6b shows a compressed representation in which the cap section 34 has been displaced downward relative to the base section 32 and the weakened area 30 has already been broken. Furthermore, a centering mandrel 12 is also provided in this embodiment, which also serves to hold the feeder insert 1" designed as a side feeder on the pattern plate 14.

[0070] As from Figure 6a, 6bAs can be seen, the geometry of the feeder cavity 4" is very complex. By dividing the feeder body 2" according to the invention into the first feeder shell 18" and the second feeder shell 20" along a dividing plane E, which is parallel to the central axis Z or contains it, this complex geometry can be manufactured simply and cost-effectively.

[0071] Figure 7 now shows a feeder insert 1‴ in a fifth embodiment. This feeder insert 1‴ is essentially based on the feeder insert according to the second and third embodiments ( Fig. 4a to 5b), wherein the feeder insert 1‴ according to the fifth embodiment, in contrast to the second and third embodiments, is not designed as a telescopic feeder. For this reason, it has no base section, but merely a feeder body 2‴, which essentially corresponds to the cap section according to the second and third embodiments. Nevertheless, it has the further features according to the invention, such as in particular the central axis Z, a first and second feeder shell 18"', 20‴ (only the feeder shell 18‴ in Figure 7shown), which comprises a first dividing surface 19‴ with a projection 22‴ and a recess 23‴. It can be referred to as a spherical feeder and has a spherical or partially spherical feeder cavity 4‴'. The first and second feeder shells 18‴, 20‴ according to the fifth embodiment can again be identical to one another. A recess 28 is also provided for a retaining sleeve (not shown). For the remaining features, reference is made to the previous embodiments.

[0072] In the Figures 8 to 11 Reference numerals are provided with numbers raised by 100. Where the same reference numerals are used as in the previous embodiments, the same elements are designated as in the first embodiments, and in this respect, reference is also made in full to the above description.

[0073] The Figure 8 and 9first illustrate a sixth embodiment based on the embodiment according to the Figures 5a, 5b These are referred to in full below, and the differences are essentially described.

[0074] A first difference to the embodiment of the Fig. 5a, 5b lies in the fact that the feeder body 102 according to Fig. 8 and 9 is intended to be connected to the metallic attachment 42 as shown in the Figures 10a, 10b The metallic attachment 42 has, in the Fig. 10a, 10bThe embodiment shown has first locking elements 141, which here are in the form of projections or noses. These can be incorporated directly during the deep-drawing manufacturing process of the metallic attachment 42. The feeder body 102 has corresponding second locking elements 142, here in the form of an L-shaped groove 143. The first locking element 141 of the metallic attachment 42 can interact with this groove in the manner of a bayonet lock. The metallic attachment 42 is initially placed axially from below onto the assembled feeder shells 118, 120, with the first locking elements 141 entering the sections of the groove 143 aligned parallel to the central axis Z. The metallic attachment 42 is then rotated about the central axis Z, clockwise in the embodiment shown. In addition, a constriction 144 is preferably provided in the groove 143, which narrows the cross section in front of a front end of the groove 143.The first locking element 141 can then be pushed over the constriction 144, applying force, and move behind it in the direction of movement, so that the metal attachment 42 is secured against reverse rotation. This prevents it from getting lost during transport.

[0075] The same type of connection between the metallic attachment 42 and the feeder body 102, 102' is also used in the embodiment of the Fig. 11 provided.

[0076] Another difference in the sixth embodiment ( Fig. 8 , 9) is that an insertion chamfer 17 is provided on the recess 15 for the centering mandrel tip 16. This serves to ensure that when the feeder insert 100 is placed on a centering mandrel 12, the tip does not strike the ceiling of the feeder cavity 104, preventing pieces from breaking off. The material of the feeder body 102 is preferably exothermic, and fragments thereof can contaminate liquid metal entering the feeder cavity 104, which can lead to deteriorated component quality. The insertion chamfer preferably provided here therefore serves to improve the component quality of a cast component.

[0077] Furthermore, according to the embodiment shown here, a bevel 150 is also provided in the lower region of the feeder body 102, specifically on the base section 32. Tests have shown that in a variant as shown in the Figures 4a to 5bshown, which do not have such a bevel, material breaking out of the cover can remain on the annular shoulder 152 of the base section 32. This material can then, as described above, negatively impact the component quality in the subsequent casting process. The bevel 150 serves to ensure that any material breaking out can fall toward the passage opening 8 and can then be removed from the feeder cavity 104 when the centering mandrel 12 is withdrawn. The bevel 150 therefore also serves to improve the component quality.

[0078] Furthermore, in the sixth embodiment, the Fig. 8 , 9 It is provided that an area of ​​the cap section 34, opposite the through-opening 8, is flattened and has a flat surface 160. The flat surface 160 serves to allow the feeder insert 100 to be placed on a support during transport. This simplifies transport and handling.

[0079] Figure 11 shows a seventh embodiment based on the embodiment of the Fig. 3a, 3b based, but additionally the metallic attachment 42 according to Fig. 10a, 10b For a detailed description and benefits, please refer to the above. Reference symbol list:

[0080] 1, 1', 1", 1‴, 100, 100'Riser insert 2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102'Riser body 4, 4', 4", 4‴, 104, 104'Riser cavity 6, 6', 6", 6‴, 106, 106'First end 8Through opening 10, 10', 10", 10", 110'Second end 12Centering pin 15Recess for centering pin tip 16Centering pin tip 17Insertion chamfer 18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118First feeder shell 19, 19', 19", 19‴, 119First parting surface 20, 20', 20", 20‴, 120Second feeder shell 21, 21', 21", 21‴, 121Second parting surface 22a-22cFirst projections 23a-23cFirst recesses 24a-24cSecond projections 25a-25cSecond recesses 26Retaining sleeve 28Recess for retaining sleeve 30Weakened area 32Base section 34Cap section 36Molding sand 38Outside 39Cylindrical section 40Inner surface 42Metallic attachment 44Collar 141First locking element 142Second locking element 143L-shaped groove 144Constriction 150Bevel 152Annular shoulder 160Flat surface ADistance D1first diameter D2second diameter Eparting plane Zcentral axis

Claims

1. A feeder insert (1, 1', 1", 1‴, 100, 100') for use in metal casting in casting molds, having a feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2"', 102, 102') which delimits a feeder cavity (4, 4', 4", 4‴, 104, 104') for receiving liquid metal, wherein - the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') has a first end (6, 6', 6", 6‴, 106, 106') with a passage opening (8) for the liquid metal and a second end (10, 10', 10", 10‴, 110, 110') opposite to the first end (6, 6', 6", 106, 106'), and wherein - the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') comprises a central axis (Z) extending through the passage opening (8), characterized in that the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') is separated at at least one partition plane (E) extending in a direction of the central axis (Z) and is formed from at least a first feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') and a second feeder shell (20, 20', 20", 20‴, 120, 120'), wherein the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') are connected to each other to form the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102')and wherein the first and second feeder shells are substantially identically formed.

2. The feeder insert of claim 1, wherein the first feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') comprises a first partition surface (19, 19', 19", 19‴, 119, 119') and the second feeder shell (20, 20', 20", 120, 120') comprises a second partition surface (21, 21', 21", 21‴, 121, 121') corresponding to the first partition surface (19, 19', 19", 19‴, 119, 119') for connecting the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118', 20, 20", 20‴, 120, 120') to each other.

3. The feeder insert of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') comprises at least one first protrusion (22a, 22b, 22c, 22a', 22b', 22a", 22b", 22c", 22‴, 122a, 122b, 122c, 122a', 122b', 122c') and at least one first recess (23a, 23b, 23c, 23a', 23b', 23a", 23b", 23c", 23‴, 123a, 123b, 123c, 123a', 123b', 123c') and wherein the second feeder shell (20, 20', 20", 20‴, 120, 120') comprises at least one second protrusion (24a, 24b, 24c) and a second recess (25a, 25b, 25c), wherein the first protrusion (22a, 22b, 22c, 22a', 22b', 22a", 22b", 22c" 22", 122a, 122b, 122c, 122a', 122b', 122c') engages in the second recess (25a, 25b, 25c) and the second protrusion (24a, 24b, 24c) engages in the first recess (23a, 23b, 23c, 23a', 23b', 23a", 23b", 23c", 23‴, 123a, 123b, 123c, 123a', 123b', 123c') for connecting the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118', 20, 20', 20", 20‴, 120, 120'), wherein preferably a spacing in a range of 20 mm or less, 15 mm or less, 10 mm or less, 5 mm or less, 3 mm or less is provided between adjacent protrusions and / or recesses.

4. The feeder insert according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, measured along the central axis (Z) in sum, a section of 50% or less, 40% or less, 35% or less, or 30% or less, is free of protrusions and recesses, and / or wherein the protrusions are formed by material appendages of residual material in inlet openings of a core box in which the feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18", 118, 118', 20, 20', 20", 120, 120') is manufactured.

5. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a holding sleeve (26) partially or completely circumferentially surrounding the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') for holding the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118', 20, 20', 20‴, 120, 120') together, wherein the holding sleeve (26) is preferably selected from: paper sleeve, plastic sleeve, elastomer sleeve, rubber sleeve, metal sleeve, holding sleeve formed from renewable raw materials, holding sleeve formed from a substantially residue-free combustible material, and / or wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') preferably comprises a circumferential recess (28) for receiving the holding sleeve (26).

6. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder cavity (4, 4', 4", 4‴, 104, 104') comprises at least one undercut, wherein the feeder cavity (4', 4", 104) is preferably part-spherical.

7. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118', 20, 20', 20", 120, 120') are substantially free of undercuts, and / or wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') tapers towards the passage opening (8) and thereby defines a feeder neck.

8. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 102, 102') comprises at least one circumferential weak section (30) which divides the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 102, 102') into a base portion (32) having the passage opening (8) and an along the central axis (Z) coaxial cap portion (34), so that the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 102, 102') is breakable in the weak section (30), when a force is applied in the direction of the central axis (Z), wherein the base portion (32) and the cap portion (34) are telescopically displaceable into one another section wise.

9. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2"', 102, 102') comprises, on an inner side facing the feeder cavity (4, 4', 4", 4‴, 104, 104') and opposite the passage opening (8), a centering pin recess (15) for receiving a centering pin tip (16), wherein towards the feeder cavity (104, 104') the centering pin recess (15) preferably comprises an insertion chamfer (17).

10. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a metallic attachment (42) arranged on the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') surrounding the passage opening (8) and connecting the first feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') and the second feeder shell (20, 20', 20", 20‴, 120, 120') to each other, wherein preferably the metallic attachment (42) comprises at least one first latching element (141) and the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') comprises at least one second latching element (142) corresponding to the first latching element (141), such that the metallic attachment (42) can be latched to the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102'), and / or wherein the metallic attachment (42) is preferably fixed to the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') in the manner of a bayonet catch.

11. The feeder insert according to any of the preceding claims, for use in metal casting in vertically separable casting molds, wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') is adapted for positioning by means of a centering pin (12) positionable along a centering axis (Z), and wherein the feeder cavity (4, 4', 4", 4‴, 104, 104') is configured such that a predominant volume portion of the feeder cavity (4, 4', 4", 4‴, 104, 104') is positionable above the centering axis (Z) when the centering axis (Z) is arranged horizontally.

12. The feeder insert according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102') - is formed of exothermic feeder material or comprises exothermic feeder material at least section-wise; or - is formed of insulating feeder material or comprises insulating feeder material at least section-wise; or - is formed of or includes a material selected from the group consisting of metals, plastics, paperboards, mixtures thereof, and composites thereof.

13. A method for producing a feeder insert (1, 1', 1", 1‴', 100, 100') according to any of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of: - shooting a first feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') in a core box; - shooting a second feeder shell (20, 20', 20", 20‴, 120, 120') in the or a core box; and - connecting the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118', 20, 20', 20‴, 120, 120') to form a feeder body (2, 2', 2", 2‴, 102, 102').

14. The method according to claim 13, including the step of: - forming at least one first protrusion (22a, 22b, 22c, 22a', 22b', 22a", 22b", 22c", 22‴, 122a, 122b, 122c, 122a', 122b', 122c') on the first feeder shell (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118') by not or not completely removing a material appendix formed by an inlet opening of the core box, and / or wherein the step of connecting comprises: - positively connecting and / or substance-to-substance jointing.

15. The method according to any of claims 13 to 14, after connecting comprising the step of: - arranging a holding sleeve (26) circumferentially about the first and second feeder shells (18, 18', 18", 18‴, 118, 118', 20, 20', 20", 120, 120').

Images