Smoke detector and method for operating a smoke detector

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a smoke detector and a method for operating a smoke detector. State of the art

[0002] Smoke detectors are a well-known piece of technology. However, their use in environments like kitchens or bathrooms is problematic, as smoke and / or steam can lead to more frequent false alarms. Therefore, smoke detectors are often not installed in such rooms, which is detrimental to safety.

[0003] EP3147879A1 concerns contextual fire detection and alarm verification. It describes various approaches to minimizing or preventing false alarms. In one instance, override panels are used, either locally in the vicinity or within a protected area, or remotely, for example, at a security console. These override panels are used to disable or block the generation of a fire alarm signal if occupants or management personnel recognize that the alarm should not be triggered. This incorporates alarm verification. Another aspect involves using additional contextual information to characterize or adjust the generation of fire alarm signals.This contextual information can be generated from sources that are not typically used to generate the fire alarm signal, but are based on other information sources about the protected space.

[0004] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide means by which the disadvantages of the prior art can be overcome and which in particular enable reliable, efficient and safe detection of smoke while avoiding false alarms even in rooms such as kitchens and bathrooms. Description of the invention

[0005] The invention is defined in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0006] The object of the invention is achieved according to a first aspect by proposing a smoke detector for a room, wherein the smoke detector can be operated in one of several detection modes, and wherein the smoke detector is configured to detect a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room based on the signals of a first sensor, and to detect an operating state attributable to an electrical appliance or group of electrical appliances in the room based on the signals of a second sensor, and to activate one of the several detection modes depending on the detected presence state and the detected operating state, wherein the smoke detector is configured to detect a first operating state based on the signals of the second sensor when the electrical appliance is in operation, and wherein the smoke detector is configured tothat the presence state is determined in response to the initial operating state being determined.

[0007] The invention is based on the surprising finding that a smoke detector can also be reliably operated in rooms with natural smoke and / or steam development, such as in a kitchen or bathroom, by making the smoke detector switchable, at least temporarily, to a different detection mode when a person is present and / or when an electrical appliance is operating in the room.

[0008] This makes it particularly easy to trigger an alarm (or even to detect smoke and / or steam) only when the room is unoccupied or unattended. Specifically, when no electrical appliances are in use and / or no one is present. In other cases, the smoke detector can advantageously be operated in a different detection mode to prevent any alarm or trigger a modified alarm when smoke and / or steam is detected.

[0009] This allows rooms with natural steam and / or smoke development, such as kitchens or bathrooms, to be effectively protected with a smoke detector, even where smoke detectors are not conventionally installed. This increases safety, as smoke development in the event of a fire can be quickly detected in these rooms as well. At the same time, false alarms can be reliably avoided, since, for example, smoke and / or steam development occurring during cooking can be at least temporarily ignored or specially treated by the smoke detector.

[0010] For example, the reaction to smoke and / or steam that occurs during the preparation of food when a person is present (and thus the preparation of the food is supervised) may differ from the reaction when no person is present (for example, an unattended pot on the stove) or even when the electrical appliance is completely switched off (and thus the preparation of food is presumably not the cause of the smoke and / or steam that occurred).

[0011] Preferably, the signals from a sensor, such as the first and / or second sensor, are either digital or analog signals. The signals can contain or represent raw sensor data and / or contain or represent wholly or partially preprocessed data.

[0012] For example, the smoke detector may have a housing in which a separate smoke chamber with a smoke inlet opening is partitioned off, in which measuring electronics are arranged that detect a smoke event upon detection of smoke particles and / or generate an evaluable measurement signal.

[0013] The smoke detector can be an optical or photoelectric smoke detector and, for example, work according to the scattered light method to detect the occurrence of a smoke event.

[0014] A detection mode can advantageously specify one or more criteria to the smoke detector according to which the occurrence of a smoke event is detected, and / or one or more specifications according to which a detected smoke event is handled.

[0015] For example, such a criterion could be the intensity of the smoke or the duration for which the smoke is continuously detected. For instance, a requirement could be that an alarm is triggered immediately upon a detected smoke event, or that the volume and / or tone of the alarm is adjusted depending on the duration for which the smoke has been continuously detected.

[0016] Preferably, the number and / or type of criteria used to detect a smoking event and / or the number and / or type of specifications regarding whether and / or how a detected smoking event is handled vary in the individual detection modes.

[0017] When the present application refers to smoke, this preferably includes steam, unless the context indicates otherwise. The same applies to terms such as smoke event and the like.

[0018] Alternatively or additionally, the smoke detector may also be designed to determine a first presence state based on the signals of the first sensor when the presence, in particular movement, of a person is detected, and / or to determine a second presence state when the presence, in particular movement, of a person is not detected, wherein the determination of the presence state preferably comprises evaluating the signals of the first sensor and determining the presence state based on a result of the evaluation.

[0019] Distinguishing between different presence states makes it possible to select and activate a targeted detection mode.

[0020] It is advantageously provided that a person who does not move or moves only slightly is recognized as present, and consequently, the initial presence status is established. Thus, for example, a person sitting at a kitchen table or standing at a stove with only minimal movement can be recognized as present.

[0021] When it is stated here that the presence of a person is not detected, this preferably means that the absence of a person is detected.

[0022] In an unclaimed alternative, it may also be provided that the smoke detector is configured to determine the operating state in response to the detection of the first presence state, and preferably that if the first presence state is not detected, a normal mode is activated as the detection mode, and in particular, the operating state is not determined.

[0023] The multi-stage decision process allows the detection mode to be selected in a particularly efficient and fine-grained manner.

[0024] Preferably, in the unclaimed alternative, the presence state is first determined, and if the first presence state is determined, the operating state is then determined.

[0025] The unclaimed alternative is based on the idea that the distinction as to whether an electrical appliance is active in the room or not is advantageously only necessary when a person is present in the room. If no person is present, the smoke detector can preferably function as a normal smoke detector (i.e., operate in a normal state as a detection mode).

[0026] Alternatively or additionally, the smoke detector may also be designed to determine a first operating state based on the signals from the second sensor when one electrical consumer is in operation, and / or to determine a second operating state when one electrical consumer is not in operation, preferably comprising the determination of the operating state of evaluating the signals from the second sensor and determining the operating state based on a result of the evaluation.

[0027] The ability to distinguish between the different operating states makes it possible to select and activate a specific detection mode.

[0028] For example, the operation of an electrical appliance can be detected based on the position of a mechanical or electrical switch, the activation or deactivation of a touch-sensitive control, the state of a control element, and / or a program selection from a menu, particularly of the electrical appliance itself. The smoke detector can therefore be configured to detect such activity.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally, the smoke detector may also be designed to determine, based on the signals from the second sensor, the power consumption of one electrical consumer or group of electrical consumers, and to determine a third operating state if the determined power consumption is identical to or above a defined or definable first threshold, and / or to determine a fourth operating state if the determined power consumption is identical to or below a defined or definable second threshold, preferably identical to the first threshold.

[0030] By monitoring electrical power consumption, it becomes particularly easy to consider an entire group of electrical appliances when selecting the detection mode. Most importantly, it is not necessary to connect each individual electrical appliance to the smoke detector via multiple sensors. It is sufficient to measure the power consumption at a central location.

[0031] This means that the smoke detector can be used particularly easily and reliably even in existing installations with one or more electrical appliances.

[0032] In one embodiment, the smoke detector may have as its operating state (i) only the first or second operating state, (ii) only the third or fourth operating state, or (iii) only the first, second, third or fourth operating state, or be configured to detect these.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the smoke detector is configured to detect the presence state in response to the detection of the first and / or third operating state, and preferably that, if the first and / or third operating state is not detected, a normal mode is activated as the detection mode and, in particular, the presence state is not detected.

[0034] The multi-stage decision process allows the detection mode to be selected in a particularly efficient and fine-grained manner.

[0035] Preferably, the operating state is determined first. If the first and / or third operating state is determined, the presence state is then determined. Optionally (and preferably only then), the normal state of the smoke detector is activated directly (for example, if the second and / or fourth operating state is determined). The smoke detector can therefore be configured to perform this function.

[0036] The underlying principle is that the distinction between whether a person is present in the room or not should only be made when a potential hazard exists, for example, due to an active appliance. If the appliance is not active, the smoke detector can preferably function as a normal smoke detector (i.e., operate in a normal detection mode).

[0037] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the smoke detector is configured so that, when the first presence state is detected and either the first and / or the third operating state is detected, a desensitization mode is activated as the detection mode, in particular at least temporarily, and / or that, when the second presence state is detected and either the first and / or the third operating state is detected, a first detection mode and / or the normal mode is activated as the detection mode.

[0038] By adjusting the smoke detector's detection mode to a less sensitive setting when one or more electrical appliances are active and a person's presence is detected, an alarm, and thus a false alarm, can be advantageously avoided despite smoke and / or steam development in the room. For example, a person might be preparing food in the kitchen. Any smoke and / or steam that occurs during this process can be specifically addressed thanks to the less sensitive setting. For instance, an alarm can be suppressed or modified, as will be described in more detail below.

[0039] By setting the smoke detector's detection mode to the primary detection mode and / or normal mode when one or more electrical appliances are active and no person is detected (in particular, when no person is detected), the alarm can advantageously be triggered by smoke and / or steam development in the room. This way, an absent person, perhaps in a neighboring room, can be reminded that smoke and / or steam is developing in the kitchen, for example, while preparing food unattended.

[0040] For example, the insensitivity mode can be activated for a period of 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less, preferably 15 minutes or less, preferably 10 minutes or less, preferably 5 minutes or less, and then the normal mode can be activated again.

[0041] Alternatively or additionally, the smoke detector may also be configured so that (i) in normal mode (a) a smoke event is detected and / or a smoke alarm is triggered, in particular upon a detected smoke event, (b) the smoke intensity threshold for detecting a smoke event and / or for triggering a smoke alarm upon a detected smoke event has a defined or definable value, (c) the time interval during which a detected smoke event must exist in order to trigger a smoke alarm has a defined or definable value, and / or (d) upon detection of a smoke event, a smoke alarm is triggered immediately, in particular without any additional time delay;and / or (ii) in insensitivity mode (a) a smoke event is not detected and / or the triggering of a smoke alarm, in particular in the case of a detected smoke event, is wholly or partially deactivated, (b) the smoke intensity threshold for detecting a smoke event and / or for triggering a smoke alarm in the case of a detected smoke event is increased compared to normal mode and / or (c) the time interval during which a detected smoke event must exist in order to trigger a smoke alarm is increased and / or prolonged compared to normal mode.;

[0042] For example, the smoke detector can be set up to continuously monitor for the occurrence of a smoke event and to detect it when a smoke event occurs.

[0043] If the smoke detector is operated in normal mode, it can advantageously be operated in the usual way like a conventional smoke detector and, for example, immediately trigger an alarm in the event of a detected smoke event.

[0044] The insensitivity mode advantageously allows for less stringent smoke detection, or even temporary complete deactivation, and / or triggering an alarm only after a detected smoke event reaches a certain severity level, for example, in terms of intensity and / or duration. This helps prevent false alarms, such as when the smoke detector is in operation in the kitchen while someone is cooking on a stove.

[0045] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the smoke detector is configured so that (i) when the smoke detector is switched on, the normal mode is preselected as the detection mode, (ii), in particular if the detection mode is other than the normal mode, after a defined or definable time interval, it switches from the other detection mode to the normal mode as the detection mode and / or (iii) the presence state and / or the operating state is periodically repeated, in particular if the smoke detector is in the normal mode as the detection mode and / or including a corresponding selection of the detection mode.

[0046] Normal mode can be intended as the default mode and provide a defined initial state for the operation of the smoke detector. Therefore, it is advantageous to start the smoke detector in normal mode as the detection mode when it is switched on.

[0047] For example, the smoke detector can be switched on by inserting a battery or by pressing a switch.

[0048] If the smoke detector is in a detection mode other than normal mode, it is advantageous for the detection mode to automatically revert to normal mode after a certain period of time. This allows, for example, a temporary deactivation of a smoke alarm to be automatically reversed after a set time. This also makes the operation of the smoke detector particularly safe. The smoke detector is therefore preferably configured to perform this function.

[0049] Particularly reliable operation of the smoke detector is possible if the presence status and / or operating status are updated as suggested. This allows the detector to recognize when a person enters and / or leaves the room and adjust the detection mode accordingly.

[0050] For example, the time interval can be 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less, preferably 15 minutes or less, preferably 10 minutes or less, preferably 5 minutes or less.

[0051] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the smoke detector is set up to (i) to activate a second detection mode when the first presence state is detected; (ii) to activate a third detection mode and / or the normal mode when the second presence state is detected; (iii) to activate a fourth detection mode when the first or third operating state is detected; (iv) to activate a fifth detection mode and / or the normal mode when the second or fourth operating state is detected; (v) to activate a sixth detection mode and / or the normal mode when the first presence state is detected and either the second or the fourth operating state is detected.and / or (vi) to activate a seventh detection mode and / or the normal mode when the second presence state is detected and either the second or the fourth operating state is detected.

[0052] It is therefore advantageously possible to select the detection mode in a fine-grained manner based on the individual states, as suggested.

[0053] Alternatively or additionally, the smoke detector may also have a first interface designed to receive signals from the first sensor.

[0054] Alternatively or additionally, the smoke detector may also be provided with a second interface designed to receive signals from the second sensor.

[0055] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the smoke detector is set up to receive signals from the first and / or second sensor via the first and / or second interface.

[0056] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided (i) that the first sensor is encompassed by the smoke detector and / or is operatively connected to or can be brought into contact with the smoke detector and / or (ii) that the first sensor is an infrared sensor, a motion sensor, a proximity sensor, an RFID sensor, an NFC sensor, a presence sensor and / or an optical sensor, in particular with person detection functionality.

[0057] For example, the smoke detector can be configured to detect the presence of a person using sensor data from an RFID sensor and / or a Near Field Communication (NFC) sensor. For instance, a person's mobile phone can be detected using the RFID and / or NFC sensor, and if the person's mobile phone is detected, their presence can be determined.

[0058] The optical sensor with person detection functionality can be implemented, for example, by a camera with an image processing unit. The image processing unit is configured to evaluate the images captured by the camera and to recognize people in them, preferably distinguishing them from animals. The camera can therefore include a light-sensitive sensor, for example, one sensitive to light in the visible or infrared range.

[0059] The smoke detector can also be configured to distinguish between the presence of a person and the presence of an animal. This ensures that only the presence of a person can be reliably detected.

[0060] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided (i) that the second sensor is encompassed by the smoke detector and / or is operatively connected to or can be brought into contact with the smoke detector, (ii) that the second sensor is a sensor for detecting the active operation and / or electrical power consumption of one electrical consumer or at least the electrical consumers of the group of electrical consumers, (iii) that the second sensor is provided or can be provided for within a distribution box, at an electrical fuse and / or at a circuit breaker and / or (iv) that the second sensor is inductively coupled to a supply cable of one electrical consumer or at least the electrical consumers of the group of electrical consumers.

[0061] By placing the second sensor in a distribution box, at an electrical fuse and / or a circuit breaker, the active operation of the appliance can be detected, for example, by measuring its power consumption, specifically by recording the power input. The smoke detector is therefore preferably configured to perform such detection based on the sensor data from the second sensor.

[0062] The second sensor can advantageously also detect the electrical power consumption of electrical devices that do not belong to the group of electrical devices. These could be, for example, electrical devices in another room and / or electrical devices whose power consumption is at least largely constant over time and therefore only represent a (especially known) offset in the detectable or detected power consumption.

[0063] By inductively coupling the sensor to the supply cable, installation can be particularly simple, even retrofitted.

[0064] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that one electrical consumer or at least one electrical consumer of the group of electrical consumers is a stove, an oven, a grill, a microwave, a range hood, a fan, a blower, a lighting device such as room lighting, and / or a sauna heater.

[0065] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the electrical consumers in the group of electrical consumers are electrical consumers that are protected by a common overcurrent protection device and / or a common circuit breaker.

[0066] Advantageously, electrical loads that do not belong to the group of electrical loads can also be protected by the overcurrent protection device and / or the common circuit breaker. These could be, for example, electrical loads in another room and / or electrical loads whose power consumption is at least largely constant over time and therefore only represents a (especially known) offset in the detectable or detected power consumption.

[0067] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the room includes or represents at least a sauna, a bathroom and / or a kitchen in some areas.

[0068] The problem is solved by the invention according to a second aspect by proposing a method for operating a smoke detector for and / or in a room, in particular a smoke detector according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the smoke detector can be operated in one of several detection modes, wherein the method comprises determining, based on the signals of a first sensor, a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room, and determining, based on the signals of a second sensor, an operating state attributable to an electrical consumer or group of electrical consumers in the room, and activating one of the several detection modes depending on the determined presence state and the determined operating state, wherein, based on the signals of the second sensor, a first operating state is determined when the electrical consumer is in operation.and wherein the presence state is determined in response to the initial operating state being determined.

[0069] In the proposed method, all options described in relation to the smoke detector according to the first aspect of the invention can be provided accordingly, individually and in any combination. In particular, all features for which the smoke detector has been described as being equipped can be provided as corresponding process steps in the proposed method, unless otherwise indicated by the context. Therefore, these advantageous features need not be repeated here. Instead, reference may be made to the preceding explanations.

[0070] All the advantages described in relation to the smoke detector according to the first aspect of the invention apply equally to the proposed method. Therefore, reference can also be made to the previous explanations in this regard.

[0071] Preferably, the method is computer-implemented and / or implemented in software, in hardware or a combination thereof. Brief description of the characters

[0072] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to schematic drawings.

[0073] This shows: Fig. 1 shows a smoke detector according to the first aspect of the invention; and Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method according to the second aspect of the invention. Examples

[0074] Figure 1 shows a smoke detector 1 according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0075] The smoke detector 1 has a first interface 3, which is configured to receive signals from a first sensor. The first sensor, which is in Fig. 1 A motion sensor is not shown, but can be connected to the smoke detector 1 via interface 3.

[0076] The smoke detector 1 also has a second interface 5, which is configured to receive signals from a second sensor. The second sensor, which is in Fig. 1 Also not shown, but which can be connected to the smoke detector 1 via interface 5, is a sensor for detecting the electrical power consumption of an electrical consumer in the form of a stove.

[0077] The smoke detector 1 can, for example, be installed in a kitchen, where the electrical appliance is also advantageously located.

[0078] The smoke detector 1 can be operated in one of several detection modes. This means that one of the multiple detection modes can be selected, which is then directly activated for the operation of the smoke detector. The detection mode can also be changed, thereby activating a new detection mode.

[0079] Smoke detector 1 is configured to determine, based on the signals from the first sensor, a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room, and, based on the signals from the second sensor, an operating state attributable to the electrical appliance. Smoke detector 1 is further configured to activate one of several detection modes depending on the detected presence state and the detected operating state.

[0080] For this purpose, the smoke detector 1 is set up to receive signals from the first and second sensors via the first and second interfaces 3 and 5 and to determine the presence state and the operating state based on the signals.

[0081] The smoke detector 1 can be operated according to a method according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0082] Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a process 100 according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0083] In 101, the smoke detector 1 is switched on, for example by inserting a battery and / or pressing a switch, and the normal mode is preselected as the detection mode.

[0084] In module 103, an operating state attributable to the electrical load is determined based on the signals from the second sensor. A first operating state is determined when the electrical load is in operation, and a second operating state is determined when the electrical load is not in operation. For this purpose, the signals from the second sensor can be evaluated, and the operating state can be determined based on the result of this evaluation.

[0085] In 105, the further course of action is decided depending on the determined operating condition.

[0086] In response to the fact that the initial operating state is not detected (i.e., the electrical load is not active), a normal mode is activated as the detection mode following 105 in 107. Consequently, the presence state is not detected in this case.

[0087] In response to the detection of the first operating state (electrical load is active), a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room is detected following steps 105 in 109, based on the signals from the first sensor. A first presence state is detected when the presence of a person, particularly movement, is detected, and a second presence state is detected when the presence of a person, particularly movement, is not detected. For this purpose, the signals from the first sensor can be evaluated, and the presence state can be determined based on the result of this evaluation.

[0088] In 111, the further course of action is decided depending on the determined state of presence.

[0089] In response to the fact that the first presence state is not detected (i.e., no person is present), the normal mode is activated as the detection mode in 113 following 111.

[0090] In response to the initial detection of occupancy (i.e., a person is present), a temporary insensitivity mode is activated in 115 (detection mode 111). If smoke detector 1 remains in insensitivity mode for longer than a defined time interval (e.g., 5 minutes), the detection mode is reset to normal mode in 117.

[0091] Whenever the smoke detector is in normal mode (107, 113, or 117), the presence status is periodically checked again in 103. The detection mode then remains in normal mode (107 or 113) or switches to insensitivity mode (115) and then back to normal mode (117). And so on.

[0092] Smoke detector 1 can therefore operate in normal mode as a detection mode (i.e., like a conventional smoke detector) when the electrical appliance is switched off. However, when the electrical appliance is switched on, smoke detector 1 can operate in a de-sensitivity mode as a detection mode, provided a person is present in the kitchen. In de-sensitivity mode, triggering a smoke alarm is disabled.

[0093] This allows for a different response to smoke and steam development that occurs during food preparation when a person is present (and thus the food preparation is supervised) than when no person is present (for example, an unattended pot on the stove) or even when the electrical appliance is completely switched off (and thus the preparation of food is presumably not the cause of any smoke and steam development).

[0094] The features disclosed in the preceding description, in the claims and in the drawings can be essential to the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination. Reference symbol list

[0095] 1 Smoke detector 3 First interface 5 Second interface 100 Flowchart 101 Preselect normal mode as detection mode 103 Detect an operating state 105 Evaluate the operating state 107 Activate normal mode as detection mode 109 Detect a presence state 111 Evaluate the presence state 113 Activate normal mode as detection mode 115 Activate insensitivity mode as detection mode 117 Activate normal mode as detection mode

Claims

1. A smoke detector (1) for a room, the smoke detector being operable in one of a plurality of detection modes, and the smoke detector being configured to determine (103), based on the signals of a first sensor, a presence state indicating a presence of a person in the room and to determine, based on the signals of a second sensor, an operating state assignable to an electrical consumer or a group of electrical consumers in the room as well as to activate one of the plurality of detection modes as a function of the determined presence state and the determined operating state, characterized in that the smoke detector is configured to determine, based on the signals of the second sensor, a first operating state when the one electrical consumer is in operation, the smoke detector being configured such that the presence state is determined (105) in response to the first operating state being determined.

2. The smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein the smoke detector is configured to determine, based on the signals of the first sensor, a first presence state when a presence, in particular a movement, of a person is detected, and / or to determine a second presence state when a presence, in particular a movement, of a person is not detected.

3. The smoke detector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector is configured to determine, based on the signals of the second sensor, a second operating state when the one electrical consumer is not in operation.

4. The smoke detector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector is configured to ascertain, based on the signals of the second sensor, a power consumption of the one electrical consumer or of the group of electrical consumers, and to determine a third operating state when the ascertained power consumption is identical to or greater than a defined or definable first threshold value.

5. The smoke detector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector is configured to ascertain, based on the signals of the second sensor, a power consumption of the one electrical consumer or of the group of electrical consumers, and to determine a fourth operating state when the ascertained power consumption is identical to or below a defined or definable second threshold value, which is preferably identical to the first threshold value.

6. The smoke detector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector is configured such that (i) in the normal mode (a) a smoke event is detected and / or a triggering of a smoke alarm, in particular upon a detected smoke event, is activated; (b) the smoke intensity threshold for detecting a smoke event and / or for triggering a smoke alarm upon a detected smoke event has a defined or definable value; (c) the time interval during which a detected smoke event must exist so as to trigger a smoke alarm has a defined or definable value; and / or (d) upon detection of a smoke event, a smoke alarm is triggered immediately, in particular without additional time delay; and / or (ii) in the insensitivity mode (a) a smoke event is not detected and / or a triggering of a smoke alarm, in particular upon a detected smoke event, is entirely or partially deactivated; (b) the smoke intensity threshold for detecting a smoke event and / or for triggering a smoke alarm upon a detected smoke event is increased compared to the normal mode; and / or (c) the time interval during which a detected smoke event must exist so as to trigger a smoke alarm is increased and / or extended compared to the normal mode.

7. The smoke detector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector is configured such that, if the first operating state is not determined, a normal mode according to claim 6 is activated (107) as the detection mode, and in particular the presence state is not determined.

8. The smoke detector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector is configured such that (i) upon switching on the smoke detector, the normal mode according to claim 6 is preselected as the detection mode (101); (ii) in particular when the detection mode is a mode other than the normal mode according to claim 6, a switch is made from the other detection mode to the normal mode according to claim 6 as the detection mode after a defined or definable time interval (117); and / or (iii) the presence state and / or the operating state are each repeatedly determined periodically, in particular when the smoke detector is in the normal mode according to claim 6 as the detection mode and / or including a corresponding selection of the detection mode (103).

9. The smoke detector according to claim 2 and optionally having all of the mandatory features of claims 3 to 8, wherein the smoke detector is configured to (i) activate a second detection mode as the detection mode when the first presence state is determined; and / or (ii) activate a third detection mode and / or the normal mode according to claim 6 as the detection mode when the second presence state is determined.

10. The smoke detector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the smoke detector comprises a first interface (3), which is configured to receive signals from the first sensor, and / or a second interface (5), which is configured to receive signals from the second sensor.

11. The smoke detector according to any one of the preceding claims, (i) wherein the first sensor is comprised by the smoke detector and / or is or can be operatively connected to the smoke detector; and / or (ii) wherein the first sensor is an infrared sensor, a motion sensor, a proximity sensor, an RFID sensor, an NFC sensor, a presence sensor and / or an optical sensor, in particular having person detection functionality.

12. The smoke detector according to any one of the preceding claims, (i) wherein the second sensor is comprised by the smoke detector and / or is or can be operatively connected to the smoke detector; (ii) wherein the second sensor is a sensor for detecting the active operation and / or an electrical power consumption of the one electrical consumer or at least of the electrical consumers of the group of electrical consumers; (iii) wherein the second sensor is or can be provided within a distribution box, on an electrical fuse and / or on a circuit breaker; and / or (iv) wherein the second sensor is inductively coupled to a supply cable of the one electrical consumer or at least of the electrical consumers of the group of electrical consumers.

13. A method for operating a smoke detector according to any one of the preceding claims for and / or in a room, the smoke detector being operable in one of a plurality of detection modes, the method comprising determining, based on the signals of a first sensor, a presence state indicating a presence of a person in the room, and determining, based on the signals of a second sensor, an operating state assignable to an electrical consumer or a group of electrical consumers in the room as well as activating one of the plurality of detection modes as a function of the determined presence state and the determined operating state, characterized in that a first operating state is determined based on the signals of the second sensor when the one electrical consumer is in operation, and the presence state being determined (105) in response to the first operating state being determined.

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