Extendable ladder set with a plurality of ladder parts

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an extendable ladder set, in particular a fire service ladder for an emergency or rescue vehicle, and to an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped with such a ladder set.

[0002] From AT 513 612 A4 of the same applicant, a generically designed, extendable ladder set, in particular a fire ladder, and a vehicle equipped therewith, are known. The ladder set consists of at least two ladder sections, each formed by stiles and rungs running between the stiles, the uppermost ladder section being formed by at least two ladder sections connected to each other by an articulated joint. An axis of articulation forming the articulated joint runs essentially parallel to the rungs. In the position of the uppermost ladder section being fully retracted into the lower ladder section, the first ladder section and the second ladder section overlap with the immediately below it.To facilitate climbing from the first ladder section to the second and to ensure more reliable guidance of the uppermost ladder section, the stiles of the first ladder section extend beyond the pivot axis and overlap at least partially with the second ladder section. The uppermost ladder section is guided by or on guide elements mounted in the lower ladder section. When the uppermost ladder section is fully retracted into the lower ladder section, the sections of the stiles of the first ladder section that extend beyond the pivot axis rest against or on the guide elements. Furthermore, at least the lower ladder section directly below the uppermost ladder section may have a gap that is open at the top of the lower ladder section between the stiles towards the ladder tip and is continuous between the front and back of the lower ladder section.This means that the second ladder section can be tilted around the joint axis through the free space in a position where the joint axis overlaps with the further ladder section located directly below the uppermost ladder section.

[0003] From EP1 892 017 A2, another telescopically designed ladder for a fire engine has become known. The uppermost ladder section is designed to pivot via a hinge mechanism. Furthermore, an extension and bending device for the fire engine's supply pipe is provided, which comprises a telescopically designed metal tube mounted on the ladder. At its end, a ball-joint bending device is arranged, corresponding to the ladder's angle of inclination, and providing a path for extinguishing water within the bending device to allow water to flow through in the desired direction.

[0004] EP 2 182 164 A1 describes a further telescopic ladder set for lifting and rescue vehicles with a plurality of telescopically extendable ladder sections, comprising a base section mounted on a vehicle, an uppermost end section, and a number of connecting sections arranged between them. The uppermost end section has two ladder sections connected by a hinged joint. When the uppermost end section is fully retracted into the connecting section below, the first ladder section and the second ladder section overlap with the connecting section immediately below. The ladder set further includes a rope for extending the ladder sections, a pulling device mounted in the area of ​​the base section for extending the rope, and a pulley arrangement for guiding the rope by means of pairs of pulleys mounted on the connecting sections.For the controlled extension of the individual ladder sections relative to each other, a sliding guide is provided, which includes a braking device. The sliding guide comprises a first guide rail mounted on the first ladder section, a second guide rail mounted on the third ladder section, and a sliding block. The sliding block is guided to slide on one side in the first guide rail, on the other side along the second guide rail, and also in a vertical guide. The vertical guide is, in turn, connected to the second ladder section.

[0005] EP 1 726 773 B1 also describes a turntable ladder for a rescue vehicle with multiple telescopically extendable ladder sections. An arm, also designed as a ladder section, is articulated to the last or uppermost ladder section and is rotatably mounted around a horizontal pivot. The articulated arm is itself telescopically extendable and consists of a base section pivotally mounted at the end of the last ladder section and an end section that is telescopically displaceable relative to it. Each section has lower and upper elements, with the lower elements being bridged by rungs. The upper elements serve as railings, connected like a lattice frame, forming a U-shaped cross-section.In the fully retracted position of the ladder sections, the arm articulated to the uppermost ladder element projects beyond the retracted ladder sections and is itself located above the driver's cab.

[0006] DE 94 16 367 U1 discloses a turntable ladder for rescue vehicles with a multi-section ladder set consisting of a number of telescopically extendable ladder sections, each with a lower chord and an upper chord serving as a railing, wherein rungs extend transversely between the stiles of the lower chord. The uppermost ladder section is divided into two parts: an inner section, which has approximately the same length as the ladder section immediately below it, and an outer section, which is articulated to the inner section by a hinged connection with a horizontal pivot axis. The inner section is extended by the additional outer section. The pivot axis lies outside the further ladder section located immediately below the uppermost ladder section; that is, the pivot axis does not overlap with the ladder section immediately below it.In its basic position, the outer section projects forward above the driver's cab, forming an extension of the ladder set that can be swung out over the pivot axis. A work basket is attached to the end of the outer section furthest from the pivot axis, i.e., at the ladder tip. By swung out, the work basket can be lowered to the ground, allowing rescue teams to directly enter and exit the ladder.

[0007] Such ladders or sets of ladders are also called articulated ladders due to the articulated connection in the area of ​​the uppermost ladder part with its ladder sections, and the outer ladder section forming the ladder head is also called the articulated arm.

[0008] The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an extendable ladder set and a correspondingly equipped emergency or rescue vehicle, by means of which even more precise and smoother relative adjustment of the first, uppermost ladder section to the further ladder section located directly below it is possible. Furthermore, continuous guidance and support of the first ladder section should be enabled, while at the same time maintaining sufficient clearance for the swivel arm.

[0009] This task is solved by an extendable ladder set and an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped accordingly, in accordance with the requirements.

[0010] The extendable ladder set designed according to the invention serves in particular as a fire ladder and can be arranged on an emergency or rescue vehicle. The extendable ladder set comprises Several ladder sections, each formed from ladder stiles and ladder rungs running between the ladder stiles, each defining a ladder foot and a ladder head spaced apart from them, wherein the uppermost ladder section comprises a ladder element and a pivot arm, which are articulated to one another by means of a pivot arrangement and a pivot axis defined by the pivot arrangement is oriented substantially parallel to the ladder rungs, wherein the ladder stiles of the ladder element extend from the pivot axis by a projection beyond the pivot axis in the direction of the ladder head and overlap at least partially with the pivot arm, and wherein in the area of ​​the projection between the ladder stiles of the ladder element a clearance is defined between them viewed in the transverse direction,wherein, in the position of the uppermost ladder section being fully retracted into the immediately below ladder section, the ladder element and the at least one pivot arm overlap with the immediately below ladder section, and a guide arrangement, which guide arrangement is arranged at least on the immediately below ladder section at least in the area of ​​the ladder head and the uppermost ladder section is guided on or by the guide arrangement, wherein it is further provided that the guide arrangement, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder, comprises first guide units and second guide units opposing each other, and that the first guide units are arranged on a ladder section end area of ​​the immediately below ladder section facing away from the ladder foot,that the second guide units are arranged at a distance from the first guide units in the direction of the ladder base, and that the distances between the first and second guide units correspond at most to the projection of the ladder stiles of the ladder element beyond the joint axis.

[0011] The resulting advantage lies in the fact that, due to the chosen spacing between the first and second guide units, the ladder element is double-guided and / or supported on each side of the ladder after a predetermined adjustment path. By providing two guide units and the chosen longitudinal offset between them, the ladder element is already guided and / or supported by the first guide units on both sides as soon as the front swivel arm is moved from the second guide units to the side or direction away from the ladder base and is no longer guided or supported by them. As soon as the swivel arm or articulated arm is moved away from or leaves the second guide units, the ladder element or top ladder is already resting on or being guided by the first guide units.This creates continuous guidance and / or support, thus avoiding jerking during the transition on the two guide units, namely the head rollers.

[0012] Another design provides that the ladder stiles of the swivel arm are arranged transversely to the longitudinal extent of the ladder within the ladder stiles of the ladder element. With a corresponding arrangement of the first guide units, this allows for clearance in the head area due to the narrower ladder design. Furthermore, by providing a recess, at least in the head section of the ladder section immediately below, a relative pivoting of the swivel arm and simultaneous double support of the ladder element can be achieved.

[0013] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the ladder stiles of the swivel arm and the ladder stiles of the ladder element, in their extended orientation relative to each other, each have support surfaces aligned flush with each other on their sides facing the first and second guide units. This prevents a height difference between the swivel arm and the ladder element, whereby at least the second guide units can serve to guide and / or support both the swivel arm and the ladder element.

[0014] Another embodiment is characterized by the fact that the individual ladder sections are designed with approximately equal lengths. This allows the ladder set to be designed with nearly uniform longitudinal extents, while also preventing the personnel platform from projecting too far beyond the driver's cab of the emergency or rescue vehicle.

[0015] Another possible embodiment is characterized by the fact that the ladder length of the swivel arm corresponds to a multiple of, in particular at least twice, the length of the ladder stiles projecting beyond the pivot axis. This allows the first and uppermost ladder section to be supported and / or guided by the second guide units when it is fully retracted.

[0016] Another design provides that the ladder section immediately below, following the second set of guide units and extending towards the ladder head, has additional clearance between the ladder stiles. This allows the swivel arm to be moved from its alignment with the ladder element to a pivoted position towards the ground after a predetermined extension distance of the first ladder section. The ladder element is then guided and / or supported by the first and second set of guide units.

[0017] Another embodiment is characterized in that the first guide units are arranged at a transverse distance from one another with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor, a transverse distance which is chosen to be greater than the outer width of the swivel arm. This allows unimpeded and collision-free pivoting of the swivel arm even when the swivel arm is still located between the first guide units.

[0018] Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the second guide units are arranged within the last pair of rungs of the ladder section immediately below, viewed in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension. This allows the swivel arm to be supported on the second guide units during its extension movement, up to the point where the ladder element is also supported.

[0019] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if, in the position of the uppermost ladder section being fully retracted into the immediately below it, the ladder stiles of the swivel arm are each supported against one of the second guide units. This allows the ladder length of the swivel arm to be freely selected within certain limits while still ensuring adequate guidance of the first ladder section.

[0020] Another alternative embodiment is characterized in that, after a relative adjustment of the first ladder section to the side facing away from the ladder base and with its ladder element and swivel arm extended relative to each other, both the ladder stiles of the ladder element in the section of its clearance and the ladder stiles of the swivel arm are supported against one of the second guide units. This allows for uniform and overlapping guidance of the first ladder section in the area of ​​the second guide units.

[0021] Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first guide units and / or the second guide units are each pivotably mounted on the second ladder section about a pivot axis running parallel to the ladder rungs, and the first guide units and / or the second guide units are each displaced by means of an actuating element with their end facing the ladder base in the direction of the second ladder section. This prevents unintended collisions and damage to the respective guide units during the extension movement of the first ladder section.

[0022] Another possible embodiment has the features that the guide arrangement further comprises at least one compensating element, preferably two compensating elements, wherein the at least one compensating element or elements are each designed in the form of a rocker, and a first guide unit is arranged at one end region and a second guide unit at the opposite end region of the respective compensating element. This allows for even better and more uniform guidance and / or support of the first conductor section.

[0023] Another possible and, if applicable, alternative embodiment has the features that the guide arrangement further comprises, in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor, third and fourth guide units opposite each other, which third and fourth guide units are arranged on the ladder section immediately below them and are designed to guide the conductor element of the first ladder section in a position parallel to the further ladder section immediately below it in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor. In this way, in addition to load transfer, a sufficiently high degree of parallel guidance in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor can also be achieved.

[0024] Another training method stipulates that the third set of guide units are positioned or integrated directly above the first set of guide units on the further section of the ladder. This allows for a high degree of guidance accuracy at the outer end of the ladder.

[0025] Another embodiment is characterized in that the fourth guide units are arranged at a distance from the third guide units in the direction of the ladder base, and the distance is chosen such that, in the fully retracted state of the first ladder section, each of the ladder stiles of the ladder element is guided by the fourth guide units located opposite each other in the transverse direction. In this way, sufficient longitudinal and transverse guidance can already be achieved in the area of ​​the upper ladder section. In the normal operating state and with the first ladder section extended, the ladder element is then guided by both the third and the fourth guide units.

[0026] Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the third and / or fourth guide units each comprise a base element forming a rocker, wherein a pivot axis of the base element has an approximately normal orientation with respect to the transverse extent of the conductor sections relative to the longitudinal extent of the conductor. By providing the rocker and the guide elements, which are usually rotatable and located at both ends of the lever, a sufficiently high level of guiding accuracy and a certain degree of tolerance compensation can be achieved.

[0027] Another possible embodiment features the third and / or fourth guide units each comprising a swivel travel limiting device, by means of which the maximum possible swivel travel of the base element about its swivel axis can be limited. This minimizes or even prevents unintended collisions, particularly during initial contact with the respective guide unit.

[0028] One possible configuration of a lifting unit is equipped with a telescopic boom arm and is intended particularly for emergency or rescue vehicles, such as those used by fire departments. The lifting unit with its telescopic boom arm includes - - several boom arm sections, each defining a boom arm base and a boom arm head spaced apart from it, wherein the boom arm sections are adjustable relative to each other from a fully retracted starting position to a fully extended operating position and vice versa relative to each other in the direction of their boom arm longitudinal extension, a first line, which is preferably arranged or formed extending continuously from the lowest or last of the boom arm sections to the highest or first of the boom arm sections, wherein the first line is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections, and a second or upper line section of the first line is held in a fixed position on the highest or first of the boom arm sections, at least a second line or an auxiliary cable,which second line or auxiliary cable is arranged or designed extending from the lowest or last of the boom arm sections, preferably continuously, to the highest or first of the boom arm sections, wherein the second line with its lower or first section or the auxiliary cable with its lower or first section is held in a fixed position on the lowest or last boom arm section, and a second or upper section of the second line or auxiliary cable is held in a fixed position on the highest or first of the boom arm sections, wherein it is further provided that a first tensioning device is provided, which first tensioning device comprises a first tensioning roller, a second tensioning roller, a tensioning frame which is freely rotatable and a longitudinal guide arrangement,by means of which longitudinal guide arrangement the two tensioning rollers are guided so as to be freely adjustable in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the boom arm, that the first tensioning device is arranged on one of the boom arm sections, that the first line in its course towards the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections is deflected in a first direction at the first tensioning roller of the first tensioning device, that the second line in its course or the auxiliary cable in its course towards the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections is deflected at the second tensioning roller of the first tensioning device in a direction opposite to the first direction, and that the first tensioning device with its two tensioning rollers is designed toto be automatically adjusted along the longitudinal guide arrangement by means of a relative adjustment of at least individual boom arm sections to each other by means of the first line deflected at the first tensioning pulley and by means of the second line deflected at the second tensioning pulley or the auxiliary cable.

[0029] An advantage of this cable routing system, in conjunction with the first tensioning device for the first cable and a second cable or auxiliary rope, is that the first and second cable sections are fixed in place at the lowest or last of the boom arm sections and also at the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections. The cables are always routed in opposite directions or in a mirrored arrangement relative to each other by means of pulleys alternately arranged either at the base or the head of the boom arm for each cable or auxiliary rope. If the first cable is deflected or held in position at the head of one of the boom arm sections, the second cable or auxiliary rope is deflected or held in position at the opposite end, namely the base of the same boom arm section, and vice versa.By positioning the first and second lines or auxiliary ropes on the uppermost or first of the boom sections, preferably within the same boom section, the first line interacts with the second line or auxiliary rope. The two cooperating tensioning rollers of the tensioning device reverse the direction of rotation in opposite directions. If only one of the boom sections shifts relative to itself, usually starting with the uppermost or first section, the cooperating tensioning rollers of the tensioning device shift automatically along the longitudinal guide. This ensures that the lines, or a line and the auxiliary rope, are always guided without collision with the boom sections, from the lowermost or last section to the uppermost or first section.This largely prevents sagging of the cables or of a cable and the auxiliary cable along the boom arm sections.

[0030] By providing the first tensioning device with the two tensioning rollers, a deflection of the first line and also of the second line or auxiliary cable is achieved. Due to the respective deflection to opposite sides or directions and the arrangement and freely rotatable bearings on a common tensioning frame, in conjunction with the longitudinal guide arrangement, a relative displacement of individual boom arm sections results in an automatic displacement of the two tensioning rollers along the longitudinal guide arrangement. Therefore, no additional equipment is required for the adjustment process of the tensioning rollers.

[0031] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the first clamping device is located on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections. This allows the operator good direct visual contact to check that the cable routing is correct.

[0032] Another embodiment is characterized in that the first line, after being deflected at the first tensioning roller, is guided towards the boom arm head of the immediately following boom arm section and to at least one first deflecting roller located there, and the further course of the first line, after being deflected at the first deflecting roller, extends to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, in particular to the area of ​​its boom arm base. Thus, the multiple deflections at the respective deflecting rollers ensure that sufficient pretension on the first line is always achieved, even with multiple boom arm sections.

[0033] Another possible embodiment is characterized by the fact that the second cable, after being deflected, or the auxiliary cable, after being deflected, is routed at the second tensioning pulley towards the base of the immediately following boom arm section and to at least one first deflection pulley located there. The further course of the second cable, after being deflected at the first deflection pulley, or of the auxiliary cable, after being deflected at the first deflection pulley, extends to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, particularly to the area of ​​its base. This ensures that sufficient pretension can always be applied to the second cable or auxiliary cable with appropriate deflection, thus largely preventing excessive sagging.

[0034] A further embodiment provides for an additional boom arm section, which is arranged immediately following the next boom arm section immediately following the lowest or last of the boom arm sections and the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, and the further routing of the first line after its deflection at the first deflection pulley towards a second deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm foot of the additional boom arm section and is deflected or redirected at the second deflection pulley, and the further routing of the second line after its deflection at the first deflection pulley or the further routing of the auxiliary rope after its deflection at the first deflection pulley towards a second deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm head of the additional boom arm section and is deflected or redirected at the second deflection pulley.This allows for the possibility of varying several related boom arm sections.

[0035] Another embodiment is characterized in that an additional further boom arm section is provided, which additional further boom arm section is arranged directly in front of the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections, and the further routing of the first line, after its deflection at a second deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm foot of the further boom arm section, runs towards a third deflection pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm head of the additional further boom arm section and is deflected or diverted at the third deflection pulley towards the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections.and the further routing of the second cable after its deflection at the second pulley, or the further routing of the auxiliary cable after its deflection at the second pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm head of the additional boom arm section, runs to a third pulley in the area of ​​the boom arm foot of the additional boom arm section and is deflected or redirected at the third pulley towards the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections. In this way, even with a larger number of boom arm sections, unwanted sagging of the cables or of a cable and the auxiliary cable can always be avoided.

[0036] Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first tensioning device is arranged on a further boom arm section located between the lowest or last boom arm section and the uppermost or first boom arm section. This allows for an even better distributed tensioning effect on the lines or on a line and the auxiliary cable.

[0037] Furthermore, it can be advantageous to arrange at least one additional tensioning device on one of the boom arm sections where no primary tensioning device is already present. This multiple arrangement allows for an even more uniform tensioning effect on the lines, or on a line and the auxiliary cable.

[0038] Another alternative embodiment is characterized by the fact that the additional clamping device is designed identically to the first clamping device. This component identicality reduces manufacturing and spare parts costs.

[0039] Another possible and, if applicable, alternative embodiment has the features that the longitudinal guide arrangement comprises two guide rails arranged opposite each other and spaced apart from one another, and that the guide rails are aligned in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the boom arm. This allows for a sufficiently high level of guidance accuracy.

[0040] Another design features guide rails with a U-shaped cross-section, defining longitudinal channels facing each other. These channels partially accommodate the two tension rollers, allowing for longitudinal adjustment. By directly mounting and arranging the two corresponding tension rollers, high guiding accuracy can be achieved with minimal space requirements. This also prevents the tension rollers from tilting within the guide rails during longitudinal adjustment.

[0041] Another embodiment is characterized in that the clamping frame of the clamping device comprises a first clamping frame element and a second clamping frame element, wherein the first clamping roller is freely rotatable on the first clamping frame element and the second clamping roller is freely rotatable on the second clamping frame element, and the two clamping frame elements are held together. By providing the two clamping frame elements held together, identical parts can be used, resulting in savings in manufacturing and subsequent storage.

[0042] Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the clamping device further comprises at least one clamping element, from which a pretensioning force directed towards and against each other is applied to the first clamping frame element and to the second clamping frame element. This allows a certain pretension to be applied to the two conductors or to a conductor and the auxiliary cable. Furthermore, it also allows stress peaks to be better compensated, preventing them from being directly transmitted to the conductors or to a conductor and the auxiliary cable.

[0043] A further design provides that, given a maximum relative first adjustment range of the uppermost or first boom arm section with respect to the immediately subsequent boom arm section, a second adjustment range for the relative displacement of the two tension rollers along the longitudinal guide assembly corresponds to half the value of the first adjustment range of the first or uppermost boom arm section. This allows the maximum possible adjustment range of the two tension rollers to be precisely determined based on the maximum possible adjustment range of the uppermost or first boom arm section.

[0044] Another embodiment is characterized in that the boom arm is designed as a ladder set, which ladder set comprises several ladder parts that can be telescopically extended relative to each other.

[0045] Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the boom arm is designed as a telescopic mast, which telescopic mast comprises several telescopic mast sections that can be extended relative to each other.

[0046] To better understand the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

[0047] They each show, in a highly simplified, schematic representation: Fig. 1: An emergency vehicle with a raised lifting unit and a partially extended ladder section with a pivoted swivel arm, in side view; Fig. 2: The first and uppermost ladder section with its ladder element and swivel arm, in a still spaced-apart arrangement of the ladder element and swivel arm, in top view and simplified representation; Fig. 3: The further ladder section immediately below, in top view and simplified representation; Fig. 4: The first and uppermost ladder section and the further ladder section immediately below in a fully retracted position relative to each other, as well as in a separate arrangement side by side, in top view and simplified representation; Fig. 5: The two ladder sections after Fig. 4, however, with the first and uppermost ladder sections partially extended, and in a separate arrangement of the two ladder sections side by side, in top view and simplified representation; Fig. 6 the two ladder sections according to the Fig. 4 and 5, with the first and uppermost ladder sections extended even further, and in a separate arrangement of the two ladder sections side by side, in top view and simplified representation; Fig. 7 a possible variant of the arrangement of the support surfaces on the swivel arm and on the ladder element in an aligned orientation one behind the other, in top view and simplified representation; Fig. 8 a detail of the ladder element in its end region facing away from the ladder base with the arrangement of possible approach chamfers; Fig. 9 a possible variant of the pivotable mounting of the first and / or second guide units, in a schematically simplified representation; Fig. 10 another possible arrangement of the first and second guide units on an additional compensating element, in a schematically simplified representation; Fig.11 a possible embodiment of the pivotable mounting of the third and / or fourth guide units, each with an additional pivot travel limiting device; Fig. 12 a ladder set with its ladder sections and ropes as actuating means for the relative adjustment of the ladder sections to each other, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other and in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 13 an arrangement of deflection pulleys for deflecting the extension rope and the retraction rope, in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 14 a pulley arrangement of the deflection pulleys according to . Fig. 13, in axial section and with the ropes removed; Fig. 15 a cooperating pair of pulleys for reducing the rope spacing between the deflected rope strands, in a simplified diagrammatic representation; Fig. 16 a further ladder set designed as a cantilever arm with its ladder sections defining the cantilever arm parts, a first line and a second line or an auxiliary rope and a tensioning device, but without ropes as an actuating means for the relative adjustment of the ladder sections defining the cantilever arm parts to each other, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other with the ladder sections fully retracted, and in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 17 the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to Fig. 16 , in the fully extended position of the uppermost or first ladder section, in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 18 the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to the Figs. 16 and 17, in the fully extended position of all ladder sections relative to each other, in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 19 the tensioning device for the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to the Figs. 16 to 18 , with the associated tension rollers and the longitudinal guide arrangement, in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 20 the associated tension rollers of the tensioning device according to the Figs. 16 to 19 , in a simplified diagrammatic representation; Fig. 21 shows a further embodiment of the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm with a clamping device, but with a difference compared to the embodiment in the Figs. 16 to 18Fig. 22 shows a further possible embodiment of the boom arm with a tensioning device, in which the boom arm is designed as a telescopic mast comprising several telescopic mast sections, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the boom arm sections, one above the other, with the telescopic mast sections fully retracted, and in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 23 shows a further possible embodiment of the boom arm with the tensioning device arranged on the penultimate boom arm section, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the boom arm sections, one above the other, with the boom arm sections fully retracted, and in a highly simplified representation.Fig. 24 shows another possible embodiment of the boom arm with a total of four boom arm sections and a clamping device, arranged one above the other at a distance from each other with the boom arm sections fully retracted, and in a highly simplified representation; Fig. 25 shows another possible embodiment of the boom arm with a total of five boom arm sections and two clamping devices, arranged one above the other at a distance from each other, with the boom arm sections partially extended, and in a highly simplified representation.

[0048] It should be noted at the outset that in the differently described embodiments, identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals or component designations, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to identical parts with the same reference numerals or component designations. Furthermore, the positional designations chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refer to the figure directly described and illustrated, and these positional designations must be applied analogously to the new position if the position changes.

[0049] The term "in particular" is understood below to mean that it may refer to a possible more specific design or further specification of an object or a process step, but does not necessarily have to represent a mandatory, preferred embodiment of the same or a mandatory procedure.

[0050] In their present usage, the terms "comprehensive", "indicates", "includes", "includes", "contains", "containing" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

[0051] Another term that can be used is "optional." This means that this process step or plant component is generally available, but can be used depending on the operating conditions; however, this is not mandatory.

[0052] The terms deflected or redirected are also used. This usually involves pulleys or discs in conjunction with the respective rope- or cable-shaped object. As soon as a deflection or redirection occurs at the pulley or disc, deviating from a straight line, the aforementioned terms are used.

[0053] In the Fig. 1The figure shows a highly simplified emergency or rescue vehicle 1, which can be used in particular as an aerial rescue vehicle by the fire brigade or other aid and / or rescue organizations.

[0054] Emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can be used solely for firefighting operations, but it can also be used for rescuing people or animals, providing technical assistance, or conducting disaster relief operations at various heights or depths. Such vehicles are also referred to as motor vehicles, with the term "motor vehicle" encompassing any vehicle that includes at least one propulsion system. Emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can, for example, serve as a fire engine, firefighting vehicle, municipal vehicle, or transport vehicle, or be equipped to perform these functions.

[0055] In the present embodiment, the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 is designed as a truck and can comprise a chassis 2 with at least one pair of front wheels 3 and at least one pair of rear wheels 4 mounted on it. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 further comprises a vehicle body 5 including a driver's cab 6 and a separate lifting unit 7, preferably mounted on the chassis 2. The vehicle body 5 can optionally include not only the driver's cab 6, but also other superstructures such as transport boxes or the like.

[0056] In the present embodiment, the lifting unit 7 is formed by a so-called ladder set 8, wherein the ladder set 8 can comprise several nested ladder sections 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, as exemplified above. Such a rescue or emergency vehicle 1 can be designated as a turntable ladder vehicle, which is a very common embodiment of the aerial rescue vehicle with its lifting unit 7. According to a first variant, the extension movement of the individual ladder sections 9 to 12 shown here, relative to the lowest ladder section 13, can be selected such that the uppermost or first ladder section 9 is preferably fully extended first, and only then are the subsequent ladder sections 10 to 12 extended simultaneously or synchronously. A further possibility, or second variant, is that all ladder sections 9 to 12 are extended simultaneously or synchronously.The first variant described is preferred here for carrying out the extension movement.

[0057] The following description refers to the ladder set 8 forming the lifting unit 7. It should be noted that the number of ladder sections 9 to 13 is only an example and can be freely chosen. The uppermost ladder section 9 is referred to below as the first ladder section 9, and the ladder sections below it, extending towards the chassis 2, are referred to as further ladder sections 10 to 13. The ladder sections 9 to 13 are guided longitudinally against one another in a known manner, whereby only in the case of the first or uppermost ladder section 9, in addition to the ladder stiles and rungs, the load-bearing support structure located laterally next to the rungs is also indicated as a lattice frame or truss.

[0058] In cross-section, each of the ladder sections 9 to 13 preferably forms an approximately U-shaped cross-section, with the two lower ladder stiles and the ladder rungs forming the base of each ladder section 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. The lateral legs project from the base and are usually designed as a lattice frame or truss structure with upper ladder stiles and connected to the base. The base with the two lower ladder stiles, as well as any additional ladder stiles and the rungs, can also be referred to as the bottom chord, and the two upper ladder stiles, which are usually connected to the respective lower ladder stiles via lattice braces, can be referred to as the top chord.

[0059] The side grid frames with the upper ladder stiles can form part of a railing for each ladder section 9 to 13. The ladder set 8 defines a ladder foot 14 and a ladder head 15, as shown in the illustration of the Fig. 1A person-receiving device 16, which can also be called a rescue basket or ladder basket, may be arranged or attached to the uppermost or first ladder section 9 at its end facing away from the ladder base 14.

[0060] The ladder set 8, with its ladder sections 9 to 13, can be extended from its collapsed and shortened initial position into a correspondingly extended operating position by means of an extension movement. The ladder section(s) 9 to 13 can be returned to their respective initial positions by means of a retraction movement. The compact transport position of the ladder set 8 is indicated by dashed lines above the driver's cab 6. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 travels from a dispatch center to the incident site or destination with the ladder set 8 in the compact transport position attached to the vehicle body 5.

[0061] Furthermore, it is shown that the first ladder section 9 comprises a ladder element 17 and a pivot arm 18 pivotally attached to it, as is already known. A pivoting mechanism 19 is provided between the ladder element 17 and the pivot arm 18 to allow the pivot arm 18 to pivot from its basic position, which runs parallel to the ladder element 17, to a position angled relative to it. The pivot arm 18 can also be referred to as a so-called basket arm, articulated arm, or jointed section. For the sake of clarity, further details as well as actuating elements or operating devices for carrying out the relative pivoting movement of the pivot arm 18, including the personnel access device 16, have been omitted.

[0062] Furthermore, it is indicated that the ladder set 8, with its ladder sections 9 to 13, comprises a rotating or swiveling arrangement by means of which the ladder set 8 can be adjusted accordingly. The rotating or swiveling arrangement can also be referred to as a bogie 20. The ladder set 8 is pivotally mounted on the bogie 20, the bogie 20 being itself rotatably mounted relative to the chassis 2, in particular on the chassis 2.

[0063] For the provision of drive power for the drive system and / or other drive units for the various adjustment movements of different vehicle components, especially at the place of use, a wide variety of drive units with a wide variety of energy sources may be provided.

[0064] One option is the use of conventional fuels such as diesel and / or gasoline, both of which are based on petroleum. However, alternative energy sources can also be used. Furthermore, a combined approach is possible. Due to the emissions produced by conventional fuels, their use should be largely or entirely avoided.

[0065] In simplified terms, an energy source 21 is indicated, which is designed or equipped to store electrical energy. For the storage and storage of electrical energy, the energy source 21 can also be referred to as an electrical energy storage device or as an electrical energy source 21.

[0066] The required energy can also be supplied, for example, by a fuel cell and / or, for longer operations, additionally by a so-called range extender 22. The range extender 22 is usually powered by an internal combustion engine, particularly diesel or gasoline, which drives a generator that produces or supplies electrical energy. To use more environmentally friendly fuels, synthetically and / or sustainably produced fuels and / or gases can also be used. These can also include alternative fuels.

[0067] When using a fuel cell, a galvanic cell is used that converts the chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy. The electrical energy source 21 and the optionally provided range extender 22 and / or the fuel cell can form or represent a component or individual part of an energy supply system. The electrical energy source 21, designed as an electrical energy storage device, is electrically connected to the range extender 22 and / or the fuel cell and provides the energy required or necessary for at least the driving movements to be carried out.

[0068] Preferably and predominantly, at least one drive mechanism of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 should be powered by at least one electric motor 23 using electrical energy, and the adjustment movements, such as those of the lifting unit 7 and / or the drive of other components, should also be predominantly powered by electrical energy. This is indicated by dashed lines. The drive torque(s) can be transmitted directly from the at least one electric motor 23 and / or via a transmission arrangement to the respective wheels or other drive units.

[0069] In the Figs. 2 to 6The uppermost or first ladder section 9 of the ladder set 8, with its ladder element 17, the swivel arm 18, and the swivel arrangement 19, as well as the further ladder section 10 located directly below it, are shown in a simplified and stylized manner in various positions relative to each other. In the two Figs. 2 and 3 The two ladder sections 9 and 10 are each shown separately.

[0070] In the fully retracted position - see Fig. 4 - of the uppermost or first ladder section 9, the conductor head 15-1 of the uppermost or first ladder section 9, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of ladder sections 9 to 13, is arranged directly adjacent to the conductor head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it. For the sake of clarity, the two ladder sections 9, 10 are shown side by side in a separate position in a top view.

[0071] Furthermore, it is shown that in the area of ​​the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it, a free space 24 is formed extending from it and towards the respective ladder base 14 and between the two ladder stiles 25. Thus, no ladder rungs 26 extend continuously between the two ladder stiles 25.

[0072] The gaps 24 formed between the corresponding ladder stiles 25 of the respective ladder section 10 to 13 are open towards the ladder head 15, 15-2 or the ladder section tip and are continuous between the front and back of the respective ladder section 10 to 13, i.e., the gap 24 is free of continuous ladder rungs 26 and extends from the uppermost continuous ladder rung 26 to the respective ladder head 15 or the ladder section tip. This allows the swivel arm 18 to be tilted through the gap 24(s) even in a position where the swivel assembly 19 with its pivot axis 27 overlaps the underlying ladder sections 10 to 13. It is therefore no longer necessary to extend the joint axis 27 beyond the underlying ladder parts 10 to 13 if the clearance 24 or clearances 24 are provided or formed.The pivot axis 27 defined by the swivel arrangement 19 is essentially aligned parallel to the ladder rungs 26.

[0073] How best to get from the Fig. 2 and 4 to 6 As can be seen, the uppermost or first ladder section 9 comprises the ladder element 17 and the pivot arm 18 articulated to it. The ladder element 17 itself also includes ladder stiles 28 and ladder rungs 26 extending between them, which may be provided at least in sections. A separate clearance 29 is also provided in the end section of the ladder element 17 facing the ladder head 15 of the ladder set 8, which may be designed analogously to the clearance(s) 24 described above. Here too, no ladder rungs 26 are provided following the pivot axis 27.

[0074] The swivel arm 18 also includes ladder stiles 30 and ladder rungs 26 extending between them. For simplicity, all ladder rungs 26 have been designated with the same reference numeral. Within the area of ​​the ladder element 17's own clearance 29, the two ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 are located, in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder sections 9 to 13, within the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. This means that the two ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 are located closer to the center of the ladder between the ladder stiles 28 and 30 than the two outer ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. Furthermore, the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 are arranged to overlap or extend beyond the two ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 in the longitudinal direction of the ladder.This is because the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 extend from the joint axis 27 by a projection 42 over the joint axis 27 in the direction towards the ladder head 15-1 and thus towards the side or direction away from the ladder foot.

[0075] Due to this lateral offset of the two ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 with respect to the two outer ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, the swivel arm 18 has a smaller width 31 than a clear width 32 between the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. In this case, the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 are each arranged within the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 when viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder.

[0076] The pivoting arrangement 19 with its pivot axis 27 is located in the area of ​​the uppermost or last ladder rung 26 of the ladder element 17 of the uppermost ladder part 9. This is particularly the case on the side of the uppermost or last ladder rung 26 of the ladder element 17 facing away from the ladder foot 14.

[0077] Furthermore, a guide arrangement 33 is provided for guiding and supporting the uppermost or first ladder section 9 on the further ladder section 10 located directly below it. The guide arrangement 33 comprises a first guide unit 34 on each side of the ladder (left ladder side and right ladder side) and a second guide unit 35 spaced apart from each of these in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension. In the present embodiment, the first guide units 34 are arranged opposite each other and in the end region of the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it. The end region of the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it can also be referred to as the ladder section end region 36.

[0078] To allow the swivel arm 18 to pivot freely through the previously described clearance 24 of the ladder section(s) 10 to 13, the first guide units 34 are provided exclusively for supporting and / or guiding the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17. The clearance 24 is optional, but not strictly necessary. If the clearance 24 is provided, the first guide units 34 are spaced apart from each other by a transverse distance 37 relative to the longitudinal extent of the ladder, with the transverse distance 37 being greater than the outer width 31 of the swivel arm 18.

[0079] The second guide units 35 are spaced 38 apart from the first guide units 34 in the direction of the ladder base 14. The distances 38 between the first guide units 34 and the second guide units 35 preferably correspond to the maximum length of the projection 42 of the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 beyond the pivot axis 27. The distances 38 are each measured to the center of each of the guide units 34, 35. The previously described clearance 24 in the ladder section 10 immediately below is formed between the ladder stiles 25 following the second guide units 35 and in the direction of the ladder head 15-2 of the ladder section 10, viewed transversely. It can also be advantageous if the second guide units 35 are arranged within the last pair of rungs of the ladder section 10 immediately below, viewed in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension.

[0080] The arrangement and design of the second guide units 35, viewed transversely with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder, shall be such that, in the position of the uppermost ladder section 9 fully retracted into the immediately below it, the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 are each supported against one of the second guide units 35. This is indicated by a thin line in the Fig. 4 hinted at.

[0081] Furthermore, it can be provided that the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 and the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, in their extended orientation relative to each other, each have support surfaces 39, 40 aligned with each other on their sides facing the first guide units 34 and the second guide units 35. The support surfaces 39, 40 can each be defined by the ladder stiles 28 and 30 and / or by an additional profile section arranged or attached to at least one of the ladder stiles 28, 30. The support surfaces 39, 40 further define a common plane in their extended orientation relative to each other.

[0082] In the Fig. 5 It is further shown that after a relative first adjustment path V1 of the first conductor part 9 with respect to the immediately below it further conductor part 10, the

[0083] The ladder foot 14 is positioned on the opposite side or in the opposite direction, and when its ladder element 17 and swivel arm 18 are extended relative to each other, both the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 in the section of its clearance 29 and the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 are supported against one of the second guide units 35. For clarity, the two ladder sections 9, 10 are shown side by side. A thin line extending from the second guide units 35 indicates that the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 and the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 are supported against one of the second guide units 35.

[0084] After a longer relative adjustment path V2 of the first ladder section 9 in the same direction, the pivot axis 27 comes to a position outside the two second guide units 35 on the side or direction opposite the ladder base 14, whereby only the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 are then supported and / or guided by one of the second guide units 35. Thus, each ladder stile 28 is supported and / or guided by one of the second guide units 35. This is in the Fig. 6 simplified representation. Furthermore, it is shown that if the adjustment range V2 is sufficiently large, the two ladder stiles 28 also rest on or against the first guide units 34 and are thus guided.

[0085] The swivel arm 18 preferably has a ladder length extending from the pivot axis 27 to its ladder head 15-1 that corresponds to several times the length of the overhang 42 of the ladder stiles 28 beyond the pivot axis 27. The ladder length of the swivel arm 18 can, in particular, be at least twice the length of the overhang 42 of the ladder stiles 28. However, the ladder length of the swivel arm 18 can also be three, four, or five times the length of the overhang 42 of the ladder stiles 28 beyond the pivot axis 27. Intermediate values ​​are also possible, depending on the selected rung spacing. Preferably, the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 have approximately the same ladder lengths relative to each other.In the operating position of the ladder sections 9 to 13, in which at least one of the ladder sections 9 to 12 is fully extended relative to the ladder section 10 to 13 located directly below it, a certain overlap between the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 is required for stability reasons, viewed in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension. This defines or specifies a maximum possible adjustment range for each of the ladder sections 9 to 12. If at least the previously described clearance 24 is provided in at least one of the further ladder sections 10 to 13, the maximum possible ladder section length of the swivel arm 18 can be selected such that, on the one hand, the pivot axis 27 is located within the area of ​​the clearance 24, and on the other hand, the ladder element 17 is still sufficiently guided in the further ladder section 10 located directly below it when the maximum possible adjustment range is reached.

[0086] Since the respective lengths of the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 are chosen to be approximately equal to each other, in the fully retracted starting position of the individual ladder sections 9 to 13, the ladder element 17 of the first uppermost ladder section 9 ends before the ladder head 15-2 of the immediately below it. This also occurs before the at least one clearance 24 of the further ladder section(s) 10 to 13. Due to the approximately equal lengths of the ladder sections 9 to 13, the ladder element 17 and the swivel arm 18, in their connected and extended position between their ladder foot 14 and ladder head 15-1, also have approximately the same ladder length. In the position of the uppermost ladder section 9, which is fully retracted into the immediately below it, the ladder element 17 and the at least one swivel arm 18 overlap with the immediately below it.

[0087] The free space 24, which may be defined by the further ladder section 10 located directly below it between its ladder stiles 25, has a free space length 41. The free space length 41 extends between the last ladder rung 26 of the further ladder section 10 and the end of the ladder stiles 25 up to the ladder head 15-2.

[0088] The first and second guide units 34 and 35 described above serve to mutually support and guide the two ladder sections 9 and 10 relative to each other, and thus to transfer the weight force exerted by gravity on the uppermost ladder section 9 and the ladder section 10 located directly below it. Furthermore, the first and second guide units 34 and 35 can each be formed from several guide elements, in particular guide rollers and / or guide cylinders, arranged directly one behind the other along the longitudinal axis of the ladder. With multiple guide elements arranged one behind the other, a longer guide or support length can be achieved for each guide unit 34, 35.

[0089] The guide arrangement 33 for longitudinal guidance of the first and uppermost ladder section 9 on the further ladder section 10 arranged directly below it can also include third guide units 43 and fourth guide units 44, as shown in the Figs. 3 to 6 The third and fourth guide units 43, 44 are designed or intended to guide the first ladder section 9, in particular only its ladder element 17, in a transverse direction in a position parallel to the further ladder section 10 arranged directly below it. The guide units 43, 44 can also be referred to as so-called lateral guide devices.

[0090] The two third guide units 43 can preferably be arranged or formed directly above the first guide units 34 on the further ladder section 10. Furthermore, the third guide units 43 should exclusively guide the ladder element 17, preferably in conjunction with its ladder stiles 28. In the fully retracted state of the first ladder section 9, the ladder stiles 28 are arranged in a position spaced apart from the third guide units 43 and are therefore not guided by them.

[0091] The fourth guide units 44 are also provided for the longitudinal guidance of the ladder element 17 with its ladder stiles 28. They are arranged at a distance 45 from the third guide units 43 in the direction of the ladder base 14. In this embodiment, the distance 45 is chosen such that, when the first ladder section 9 is fully retracted, each of the ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17 is guided by the fourth guide units 44, which are positioned opposite each other in the transverse direction. This is particularly true in the section 42 where the ladder stiles 28 extend beyond the pivot axis 27.

[0092] In the Fig. 7Another variant is shown in which the second guide units 35 serve to guide the height of the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18 and also of the ladder element 17, thus supporting them. The width of the second guide units 35 is narrower in the transverse direction compared to the previously described second guide units 35. Viewed from above, and with the first ladder section 9 fully retracted, the second guide units 35 are arranged only directly below the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18.

[0093] In order to support and guide the ladder element 17, with its ladder stiles 28 located laterally outside the ladder element 17, on the narrower second guide units 35, an additional elongated support element 46 is provided on each of the two ladder stiles 28 of the ladder element 17, extending from the ladder stiles 30 of the swivel arm 18. The support elements 46 are considered part of the ladder stiles 28 and extend from the area of ​​the swivel assembly 19 with its pivot axis 27 towards the ladder base 14. In this embodiment, the previously described support surfaces 39 are formed by the two support elements 46 and constitute the track on or at the second guide units 35. This embodiment with the support elements 46 can be provided, but requires the provision of additional components.

[0094] As previously described and also from the Fig. 4 The swivel arm 18, in particular its ladder stiles 30, is removable and guided in the fully retracted position by the second guide units 35 of the guide arrangement 33. Due to the gravitational force acting on the first ladder section 9, the weight of the swivel arm 18 and also of the ladder element 17 in the area of ​​the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it is first transferred to it by means of the second guide units 35 and then also by means of the first guide units 34 and thus guided and supported.

[0095] During the extension movement of the uppermost or first ladder section 9, the ladder element 17, with its ladder stiles 28 and / or the support elements 46 attached to them, also moves towards the second guide units 35 and subsequently to the first guide units 34. To achieve a smoother approach of the ladder stiles 28 and / or the support elements 46 attached to them onto or against the guide units 34, 35, approach chamfers 47 can be provided. These can also be referred to as ramps. This is shown in the Fig. 8 indicated in a partial view from the outside.

[0096] Those approach chamfers 47 which move towards the guide units 34, 35 are designated with the suffix "-1", i.e., 47-1. Further possible approach chamfers 47, namely approach chamfers 47-2, can be arranged or provided on the ladder stiles 28 in such a way that they come into contact with the third guide units 43 and also the fourth guide units 44 and are guided along them in a lateral direction or transversely with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder. The illustration of the guide units 43, 44 was omitted in the Fig. 8 For the sake of clarity, this has been omitted.

[0097] In the Fig. 9It is further shown that, to facilitate the ladder element 17's movement onto or against the first guide units 34 and / or the second guide units 35, these are pivotably mounted on the second ladder section 10 about a pivot axis 48 running parallel to the ladder rungs 26. The guide units 34 and / or 35 usually comprise several rotatably mounted wheels, discs, or rollers, which are not further specified. These can also be referred to as individual guide elements. To raise the end of the guide units 34 and / or 35 facing the ladder head 15 relative to the ladder section 10 in a predetermined manner and to lower the end facing the ladder foot 14 towards the ladder section 10 in a predetermined manner, at least one actuating element 49 can be provided. In the present embodiment, a spring element is shown as the actuating element 49, which automatically applies or builds up a compressive force.The actuating element 49 is arranged on the side of the pivot axis 48 that faces away from the ladder base 14. However, the actuating element 49 could also generate a tensile force. In this case, the actuating element 49 would then be arranged on the side of the pivot axis 48 that faces the ladder base 14.

[0098] Due to the forced inclination of the entire guide units 34 and / or 35, the ladder element 17 and / or its support element 46 comes into contact with the lowered end of the respective guide unit 34 and / or 35, which is directed towards the second ladder section 10, during the extension movement indicated by an arrow. This can be further facilitated by providing the approach chamfer 47-1. The support surface 39 rests against the guide units 34 and / or 35, which are subsequently aligned in an approximately parallel direction.

[0099] In the Fig. 10A schematically simplified representation shows a possible arrangement of a first guide unit 34 and a second guide unit 35 located one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder on the second ladder part 10.

[0100] In contrast to the previously described fixed and, if necessary, pivotable arrangement of the two guide units 34, 35 on the second conductor section 10, at least one additional compensating element 50 is provided here, which forms part of the guide arrangement 33. Preferably, one of the compensating elements 50 is provided on each side of the conductor. The compensating element(s) 50 extend in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the conductor.

[0101] Each of the compensating elements 50 has both the first guide unit 34 and the guide unit 35 arranged on it. This is separated according to the ladder side – once on the left and once on the right. At least one compensating element 50 is designed in the form of a rocker with lever arms projecting on both sides of the pivot axis. At each opposite end or end region of the respective compensating element 50, one of the two guide units 34 and 35 is also pivotably arranged thereon. It would also be possible to use the previously described [missing information] in at least one of the guide units 34, 35. Fig. 9 to provide the described actuating element 49.

[0102] In the Fig. 11 One of the third and / or fourth guide units 43, 44 is shown in more detail. The guide units 43 and / or 44 can also comprise several rotatably mounted wheels, discs, or rollers, which are not further specified. These can also be referred to as individual guide elements.

[0103] The mostly rotatable individual guide elements are mounted on a base element 51 forming a rocker. The base element 51 itself is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 52, the pivot axis 52 being approximately perpendicular to the transverse extent of the conductor sections 9 to 13 with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor. Furthermore, it is possible to displace each of the base elements 51 transversely with respect to the longitudinal extent of the conductor by means of an eccentric arrangement. This allows the transverse guidance of the first conductor section 9, in particular of its conductor element 17, and its play to be adjusted.

[0104] To limit the pivoting range of the base element 51 about the pivot axis 52, a pivoting range limiting device 53 can be provided. In the present embodiment, a stop element 54 is provided which projects into a recess 55 of the base element 51 and / or extends through it. Depending on the dimensional relationship between the stop element 54 and the recess 55 or the recesses 55 relative to each other, the possible pivoting range of the base element 51 about the pivot axis 52 can be predetermined and fixed. The respective stop element 54 can be pin-shaped and project from the second or subsequent ladder section 10. A double-shear bearing or mounting of the stop element 54 can also be provided.

[0105] The relative adjustment movements of at least some of the ladder sections 9 to 13 are usually achieved by means of one or more cables, at least some of which are connected to at least one cable winch. This is generally considered common knowledge. For safety reasons, a redundant cable arrangement can be provided for ladder section 8. This means that, for example, a separate cable arrangement can be provided in the area of ​​the left ladder stiles and also the right ladder stiles of the respective ladder section 8. In the area of ​​the lowest ladder section 13, the cable arrangement can also be located on its underside facing the chassis 2.

[0106] In the Fig. 12The ladder assembly 8, with its ladder sections 9 to 13, is greatly simplified and, for the sake of clarity, shown in a spaced-apart arrangement stacked one above the other. Furthermore, this position roughly corresponds to the retracted state of the ladder assembly 8. Only one of the previously described rope arrangements is shown and described; a double arrangement of the same can also be chosen.

[0107] For better differentiation, the ropes were depicted and labeled with different line shapes. In the area of ​​the ladder base 14, a simplified representation of a winch 56 with its rope drum is shown, but without the drive mechanism. Here, a pull-out rope 57 is shown as a solid line, a retraction rope 58 as a dashed line, and several coupling ropes 59-1, 59-2, 59-3, and 59-4 as dotted lines are depicted and provided. Furthermore, deflection pulleys are provided, which will be briefly described below.

[0108] Depending on the direction of adjustment of the ladder sections 9 to 13, the extension cable 57 and the retraction cable 58 are wound onto or unwound from the cable drum of the winch 56. The lowest ladder section 13 is fixed in position along the ladder's length. If at least one of the ladder sections 9 to 12 is to be extended using the extension cable 57, a tensile force must be applied to the extension cable 57 by the winch 56, causing it to wind onto the cable drum. Simultaneously, the retraction cable 58 must be unwound from the cable drum of the winch 56. Preferably, only one winch 56 is used, although the arrangement of two winches 56, one for each of the cables 57 and 58, is also conceivable.

[0109] The pull-out cable 57 extends continuously from the winch 56 to the first or uppermost ladder section 9 and is further guided along each of the subsequent ladder sections 10, 11, and 12 located between the first ladder section 9 and the lowest ladder section 13. For the sake of simplicity, all deflection pulleys for the pull-out cable 57 are designated with the same reference number – namely 60 – and an additional digit.

[0110] The longitudinal path of the extension cable 57 can be implemented, for example, as described below. The at least one first deflection pulley 60-1 is located in the area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13. Starting from the winch 56, the extension cable 57 is deflected at the at least one first deflection pulley 60-1 towards the at least one second deflection pulley 60-2 located in the area of ​​the ladder foot 14 of the fourth ladder section 12, and from there it is guided to at least one third deflection pulley 60-3, which is located or arranged in the area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the same fourth ladder section 12. The pull-out rope 57, deflected at at least one third deflection pulley 60-3, extends analogously to at least one fourth deflection pulley 60-4 in the area of ​​the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder section 11 and further to an area of ​​the ladder head 15 of the same third ladder section 11, where at least one fifth deflection pulley 60-5 is located.

[0111] The extension rope 57, deflected at at least one fifth pulley 60-5, extends further to at least one sixth pulley 60-6 located in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the second ladder section 10 and further to at least one seventh pulley 60-7 located in the area of ​​the ladder head 15-2 of the same second ladder section 10. The extension rope 57 is guided by the at least one seventh pulley 60-7 with its extension rope end 61 to a fixing point 62 in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of the first or uppermost ladder section 9 and held in a fixed position there.

[0112] Separate deflection pulleys 63 can be provided on each of the ladder sections 10 to 13 for the retraction rope 58. A retraction rope end 64 of the retraction rope 58 can also be held in a fixed position at the attachment point 62. Preferably, the retraction rope 58 can be deflected by a corresponding pair of pulleys on deflection pulleys 63, wherein the at least one deflection pulley 63 or the pair of pulleys formed therefrom is located or arranged in the area of ​​the ladder base 14 of one of the ladder sections 10 to 13.

[0113] Additionally, a first deflection pulley 63-1 can be arranged on the lowest or fifth ladder section 13, which can be spaced apart from the winch 56 in the direction of the ladder head 15. The retraction rope 58, deflected at the first deflection pulley 63-1, is guided back to the base 14 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 and there guided and deflected at the base 14 of the fourth ladder section 12, where it is guided at the base 14 of the fourth ladder section 12, where it is deflected. Subsequently, and analogously, the retraction rope 58 is guided to the base 14 of the third ladder section 11, where it is guided to the base 14 of the third ladder section 11, where it is guided to the fourth deflection pulley 63-4 or a pair of pulleys.From here the retraction rope 58 is led to at least a fifth deflection pulley 63-5 or a pair of pulleys formed therefrom in the area of ​​the ladder foot 14 of the second ladder section 10 and deflected thereto to the fastening point 62.

[0114] In addition, the previously described coupling cables 59 may also be provided. The first coupling cable 59-1 is attached or held in position at one end in the area of ​​the conductor head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 and at the other end in the area of ​​the conductor foot 14 of the third ladder section 11. Furthermore, the first coupling cable 59-1 is deflected by its own pulley 65-1, which is located at the conductor foot 14 of the fourth ladder section 12. The second coupling cable 59-2 is also attached or held in position at the conductor head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 and at the conductor foot 14 of the third ladder section 11. The two attachment points of the first coupling cable 59-1 and the second coupling cable 59-2 may be identical.However, the deflection takes place at a second deflection pulley 65-2, which in turn is located in the area of ​​the conductor head 15 of the fourth conductor section 12.

[0115] The third coupling cable 59-3 is attached or held in position at the conductor head 15 of the fourth ladder section 12 and at the conductor foot 14 of the second ladder section 10. Furthermore, the third coupling cable 59-3 is deflected by its own pulley 65-3, which is located at the conductor foot 14 of the third ladder section 11. The fourth coupling cable 59-4 is also attached or held in position at the conductor head 15 of the fourth ladder section 12 and at the conductor foot 14 of the second ladder section 10. The two attachment points of the third coupling cable 59-3 and the fourth coupling cable 59-4 can also be identical. However, the deflection is made at a fourth pulley 65-4, which is located at the conductor head 15 of the third ladder section 11.

[0116] In the Fig. 13 and 14A possible combined and space-saving arrangement of one previously described deflection pulley 60 for the extension rope 57 and one deflection pulley 63 for the retraction rope 58 is shown schematically in a simplified form. This arrangement can also be referred to as a double pulley arrangement. In the Fig. 14 The illustration of the pull-out rope 57 and the retraction rope 58 was omitted.

[0117] For this purpose, a deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and a deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58 are mounted directly next to each other in the axial direction on an identical or common bearing journal 66, allowing them to rotate independently of each other. The bearing journal 66 can, for example, be designed as a hollow body and thus be tubular.

[0118] How to get better from the Fig. 14As can be seen, the deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and the deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58 have different roller diameters and thus different outer diameters. For example, the deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 can have a larger roller diameter than the deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58. This allows the two deflection pulleys 60 and 63 to be arranged partially nested within each other in the axial direction, thus minimizing the distance between the cable plane defined by the extension cable 57 and the cable plane defined by the retraction cable 58. For improved stability, the deflection pulley 60 for the extension cable 57 and the deflection pulley 63 for the retraction cable 58 can be mounted in a type of support cage, thus forming a double-sheared support for the bearing journal 66.

[0119] In the Fig. 15A cooperating pair of deflection pulleys 60 for the extension cable 57 is shown, in which an approximately parallel cable path can be achieved in the area of ​​the ladder sections 9 to 13, but with a small distance to the respective pulley diameter. Furthermore, the respective cable – in the present embodiment, the extension cable 57 – can thus be deflected with a sufficiently large bending radius at the respective deflection pulley 60 of the cooperating pulley pair. The first deflection pulley 60, which here is arranged closer to the ladder head 15 on the respective ladder section 9 to 13 and deflects the extension cable 57 completely in the opposite direction, is wrapped around the extension cable 57 at an angle greater than 180°.By providing the second deflection pulley 60, which is immediately adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the rope, the two strands of the same pull-out rope 57 are arranged closer to each other and thus guided within the ladder set 8 after the deflection.

[0120] Furthermore, the first and second deflection pulleys 60 of the cooperating pulley pair preferably have the same pulley diameter, which preferably corresponds to the minimum pulley diameter for the respective rope diameter. The smaller the axial offset 67 in the rope plane or the pulley plane between the first and second deflection pulleys 60 of the cooperating pulley pair, the closer the two rope strands of the draw rope 57 are guided to each other after deflection. This results in a smaller space requirement within the respective ladder section 9 to 13. Without the provision of the second deflection pulley 60, the two rope strands would be guided at a distance from each other that corresponds to the pulley diameter of the first deflection pulley 60.

[0121] It should be noted that the retraction rope 58 can also be deflected by means of cooperating pulleys 63 forming a pair of pulleys, analogous to the previously described extension rope 57. This allows for a space-saving, side-by-side arrangement of deflected strands of the retraction rope 58. A separate illustration has therefore been omitted.

[0122] The ladder set 8 also includes various cables running from the base 14 to the head 15-1 and, if applicable, to the personnel access device 16. These cables include, for example, hydraulic lines, signal lines, and power supply lines – such as electrical cables. The routing of each cable within the entire ladder set 8 proceeds from the lowest section 13 (the sub-conductor) to the tip 15-1 (the uppermost or first section 9). Extending individual sections 9 to 13 presents a particular challenge. To prevent damage and / or undefined sagging of the cables, a minimum pretension force in the form of a tensile force must always be applied to each cable.

[0123] In the Figs. 16 to 20As a possible embodiment, the lifting unit 7 is shown in a highly simplified form as a ladder set 8 with its ladder sections 9 to 13 in various operating positions relative to each other, as well as with at least one first line 68 leading from the lowest (or here fifth) ladder section 13 to the first (or uppermost) ladder section 9. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the same reference numerals are used for identical components as in the Figs. 1 to 15 used. Furthermore, reference is made to the information in the Figs. 1 to 15 The contained revelation was pointed out and reference was made.

[0124] The following examples of implementation in the Figs. 16 to 25Each figure shows a component of the lifting unit 7, which component is subsequently referred to generally as the boom arm 82. The boom arm 82 in turn comprises several boom arm components generally referred to as boom arm parts 83 to 87. The boom arm 82, or its boom arm parts 83 to 87, each defines a boom arm base 88 and a boom arm head 89 spaced apart from it – analogous to the ladder base 14 and ladder head 15 in the ladder parts 9 to 13.

[0125] The boom arm 82 can, for example, be configured as a ladder set 8 comprising several ladder sections 9 to 13, each of which forms or defines the boom arm sections 83 to 87. The reference numerals for the boom arm sections 83 to 87 are entered preceding the respective ladder sections 9 to 13 – see, for example, the Figs. 16 to 18 and 21The same applies to the reference numerals concerning the outrigger arm foot 88 and the outrigger arm head 89, which are entered before the reference numeral 14 for the ladder foot and the reference numeral 15 for the ladder head.

[0126] However, it would also be possible to configure the boom arm 82 as a so-called telescopic mast 90. The telescopic mast 90 can itself comprise several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95, as shown in the following. Fig. 22 The diagram is simplified and described. In this embodiment, the telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 form or define the boom arm sections 83 to 87.

[0127] In principle, the length of the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83 to 87 is changed by means of a relative displacement of individual boom arm sections 83 to 87 in the direction of their longitudinal extension relative to each other, as is generally known. The adjustment movement can take the form of individual extensions or synchronized extensions. This usually depends on the total number of boom arm sections 83 to 87, which can be designed either as ladder sections 9 to 13 or as telescopic mast sections 91 to 95.

[0128] The one in the Figs. 16 to 18 The ladder set 8 shown represents a separate category and embodiment for forming the boom arm 82 of the lifting unit 7. This also applies to the boom arm 82 designed as a telescopic mast 90 according to the Fig. 22 .

[0129] The following description of the Figs. 16 to 19shows the boom arm 82 designed as ladder set 8, in which the boom arm parts 83 to 87 are designed as ladder parts 9 to 13.

[0130] It should be noted that the number of ladder sections 9 to 13 arranged one above the other and forming the boom arm sections 83 to 87 or the number of telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 was chosen only as an example, whereby the boom arm section furthest from the chassis 2 (outermost ladder section or innermost telescopic mast section) is always designated as the first or uppermost boom arm section (outermost ladder section or innermost telescopic mast section) - here designated with the reference numeral 83.

[0131] The boom arm section (innermost ladder section or outermost telescopic mast section) closest to chassis 2 is designated as the last or lowest boom arm section (innermost ladder section or outermost telescopic mast section) – here designated with the reference numeral 87. In the present embodiment, a total of five boom arm sections 83 to 87 are provided, which are formed by the ladder sections 9 to 13, and each of the boom arm sections (ladder sections or telescopic mast sections) is designated with a counter, such as second, third, fourth, or fifth boom arm section or ladder section, starting from the first or uppermost boom arm section 83, namely the ladder section 9. Starting from the lowest and here fifth boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13, the further boom arm sections 86 to 83 or the ladder sections 12 to 9 are always arranged one above the other and boom arm sections 83 to 87 or ladder sections 9 to 13 that are arranged directly adjacent to each other are guided together.

[0132] The telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are preferably tubular in shape and arranged in an interlocking manner, and optionally guided against one another. The boom arm section with the largest external dimension – here the boom arm section with reference numeral 87 – is arranged or held on the chassis 2 or the support frame of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 by means of a carriage in a known manner.

[0133] It would also be possible to choose a different number of boom arm sections between the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or ladder section 9 / telescopic mast section 91 and the lowermost boom arm section 87 or ladder section 13 / telescopic mast section 95 than those shown in the illustrated embodiments. For example, there could be only one or two additional boom arm sections or ladder sections / telescopic mast sections in between.

[0134] However, regardless of this, more than the three additional boom sections or ladder sections / telescopic mast sections shown here could also be provided, such as four, five, six, or even more. At least one additional boom section or ladder section / telescopic mast section must be provided between the uppermost or first boom section 83 or ladder section 9 / telescopic mast section 91 and the lowermost boom section 87 or ladder section 13 / telescopic mast section 95. The embodiment according to the Figs. 16 to 18 shows three further boom arm sections or ladder sections between the uppermost or first and the lowermost or last boom arm section or ladder section.

[0135] As previously described, the total number of boom arm sections can therefore be four, five, six, seven, eight or even more, starting from a minimum of three boom arm sections.

[0136] Furthermore, either a separate second line 69 or an auxiliary rope 70 can be provided, which second line 69 or which auxiliary rope 70 interacts with the first line 68 and forms a counter-pull element.

[0137] Furthermore, a first tensioning device 71 is arranged or provided in the area of ​​the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13, by means of which the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can always be held under pretension within the ladder set 8 with a minimum tensile force. The first tensioning device 71 in turn comprises a cooperating pair of rollers with a first tensioning roller 72, a second tensioning roller 73 and a longitudinal guide arrangement 74 for the cooperating pair of rollers. Details are best found in the Figs. 19 and 20 to see. In the Fig. 19The lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 is shown here as ladder section 13. The first clamping device 71 can also be used analogously for the boom arm 82 designed as a telescopic mast 90 according to the Fig. 22 be used.

[0138] It should be noted that in the exemplary embodiments according to the Figs. 16 to 18 and 21 The first clamping device 71 is arranged on the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87, whereby the first clamping device 71 can also be arranged on one of the further boom arm sections 83, 84, 85 or 86. Furthermore, it should be mentioned that, in addition to the first clamping device 71, at least one second clamping device 71-1 can also be arranged on one of the boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 on which no first clamping device 71 is arranged or provided. A possible embodiment of this is shown in the Fig. 25shown and described. The at least one second clamping device 71-1 can be fundamentally designed in the same way as the first clamping device 71. Therefore, the at least one second clamping device 71 is designated with the same reference numeral, but with the suffix "-1".

[0139] The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 guides the two cooperating tension rollers 72 and 73 in the direction of the conductor's longitudinal extension. The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 can, for example, be formed by two opposing and spaced-apart guide rails 75, each preferably having a U-shaped or C-shaped cross-section. In the respective longitudinal channels facing each other, the two tension rollers 72 and 73, located one behind the other in the direction of the conductor's longitudinal extension, are guided freely and adjustably on their respective opposite sides. Each of the tension rollers 72 and 73 is partially received in the respective longitudinal channel and, during rotation about its respective roller axis, is guided directly and longitudinally adjustably within the respective guide rails 75.The direct and immediate arrangement of the tension rollers 72 and 73 in the respective guide rail 75 eliminates the need for additional guide components. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the tension rollers 72 and 73 are made of a plastic material to achieve favorable rolling and / or sliding properties between the guide rails 75 and the tension rollers 72 and 73. This can also reduce or significantly lower noise levels. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), for example, can be used as the plastic material, although other plastic materials are also possible.

[0140] A possible advantage of the cable routing in the area of ​​the tensioning device 71 may be that the respective cable 68, 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can, due to gravity, lie in the lower of the guide rails 75 and thus be closer to the chassis 2, and is therefore protected from sagging.

[0141] The two tension rollers 72 and 73 are each freely rotatable on a tension frame 76, the tension frame 76 comprising first and second tension frame elements 96, 97 that are pre-tensioned against each other and towards each other. The two tension frame elements 96, 97 can be identical in design, thus creating identical parts. Preferably, the two tension frame elements 96, 97 are held against each other and are usually arranged opposite each other. To apply the pre-tensioning force and the associated pre-tensioning effect of the two tension rollers 72 and 73 towards each other, at least one additional tension element 77 can be provided between the two tension frame elements 96, 97. In this case, a corresponding mutual adjustment mechanism must also be provided. Depending on the design and arrangement of the tension frame elements, or...The tensioning element 77 can generate or exert a compressive or tensile force between the two tensioning frame components or on them. The generated forces originating from the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 are indicated by an arrow.

[0142] At least one of the tensioning elements 77 can also serve as a damping element, thus damping sudden tensile forces on the respective conductor 68, 69 and / or the auxiliary cable 70, thereby minimizing or even preventing potential damage. Furthermore, it could also compensate for changes in length within certain limits.

[0143] It should be noted that multiple arrangements of the first line 68, the second line 69, or the auxiliary cable 70, together with the tensioning device 71 and the respective deflection pulleys, are also possible. For example, if the boom arm sections 83 to 87 are designed as ladder sections 9 to 13, they could be arranged on both sides of the ladder rungs.

[0144] In the Fig. 16 In the fully retracted or retracted position or operating state of the ladder set 8 forming the boom arm 82, the pair of tension rollers formed from the two tension rollers 72 and 73 is shown guided freely and automatically adjustable in solid lines in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13, as well as along the longitudinal guide arrangement 74. Fig. 17The position of the tension rollers 72 and 73 shown is indicated here by dots. The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 extends from the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or of the ladder section 13 towards its boom arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14.

[0145] In this illustrated embodiment, the first conductor 68 can be held in a fixed position with its lower or first conductor section on the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 and subsequently guided at the first tension roller 72 towards the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the fourth boom arm section 86 or the ladder section 12 and to at least one first deflection roller 78-1 located there.

[0146] The first cable 68 is usually routed from the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14 to the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15, where it is preferably held in a fixed position. The deflection occurs in a first direction. The further course of the first cable 68 after its deflection at the first deflection pulley 78-1 extends to a second deflection pulley 78-2 in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the third boom arm section 85 or the ladder section 11, further to a third deflection pulley 78-3 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15-2 of the second boom arm section 84 or the ladder section 10, and finally to the boom arm base 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or the ladder section 9. A second or upper cable section of the first cable 68 can in turn be attached to the first or uppermost boom arm section 83 or the ladder section 9.The ladder section 9 is held in a fixed position in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88 or ladder base 14. A continuation of the first line 68 towards the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15-1 is usually and preferably also provided.

[0147] In all embodiments, the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are guided in a converging direction towards the tensioning device 71 with its tensioning rollers 72, 73 and deflected at the respective tensioning roller 72, 73. The deflection occurs in opposite directions or sides.

[0148] The routing of the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 usually also begins in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14 of the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13, whereby a first or lower cable section may also be fixed in position at the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13. The second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is deflected at the second tensioning pulley 73 and then led to at least one first deflection pulley 79-1 located in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14. To better distinguish them from the deflection pulleys 78 for the first cable 68, the deflection pulleys 79 for the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can also be designated with an suffix such as "further," "additional," or the like.

[0149] The further course of the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70, after its deflection at the first pulley 79-1, extends to a second pulley 79-2 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 or ladder head 15 of the third boom arm section 85 or ladder section 11, further to a third pulley 79-3 in the area of ​​the boom arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 of the second boom arm section 84 or ladder section 10, and finally to the area of ​​the boom arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 of the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or ladder section 9. A second or upper cable section of the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can in turn be attached to the first or uppermost boom arm section 83 or ladder section 9 in the area of ​​its boom arm foot 88 or the The ladder base 14 must be held in a fixed position. The second line 69 must be extended towards the boom arm head 89.The conductor head 15-1 is usually and preferably still to be provided.

[0150] In the Fig. 17 The figure shows the operating position in which the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or the ladder section 9 is fully extended, and the other boom arm sections 84 to 87 or the ladder sections 10 to 13 remain in their fully retracted starting position. The interaction of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 with the first line 68 exerts a tensile force in the area of ​​the first tensioning device 71. This causes sagging and thus exerts a tension force on the respective line 68, 69, or the auxiliary cable 70. The same applies to an opposing adjustment movement of the boom arm sections 83 to 87.

[0151] The boom arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 of the first or uppermost boom arm section 83 or ladder section 9 has been displaced towards the boom arm head 89 or ladder head 15-2 of the second boom arm section 84 or ladder section 10 located directly below, leaving only a remaining overlap. A relative maximum first adjustment path 80 of the first or uppermost boom arm section 83 or ladder section 9, starting from the boom arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 of the second boom arm section 84 or ladder section 10, is indicated by a dimension arrow. This relative displacement or adjustment path also displaces the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 accordingly relative to each other and relative to the other boom arm sections 84 to 87 or ladder sections 10 to 13.The two related tension rollers 72 and 73 are also jointly mounted in the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 starting from the one in the . Fig. 16 The starting position shown is shifted towards the boom arm base 88 or the ladder base 14. This occurs automatically due to the mutual preload and the interaction of the first line 68 with the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70. The extent of the relative displacement of the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 in the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 corresponds to half the value of the adjustment travel 80 of the first or uppermost ladder section 9. This second adjustment travel 81 is indicated and shown with a further dimension arrow. The second adjustment travel 81 also corresponds to half the value even if the first adjustment travel 80 is shorter.

[0152] If the further second, third and fourth boom arm sections 84 to 86 or ladder sections 10 to 12 located between the first or uppermost boom arm section 83 or ladder section 9 and the lowest or fifth boom arm section 87 or ladder section 13 are also moved to their fully extended positions, this operating position of the ladder set 8 forming the boom arm 82 is in the Fig. 18The two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 are automatically readjusted to their initial position, closer to the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15, due to the mutual interaction of the first line 68 with the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70. The starting position of the two tensioning rollers 72, 73 of the tensioning device 71 or 71-1 must be within the overlap of the boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 so that the tensioning system continues to function even when the last of the boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is extended.

[0153] Furthermore, it can be seen that the initial position of the two tension rollers 72 and 73 is located within the overlap area with the fourth boom arm section 86 or the ladder section 12. It should also be mentioned that the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 or the ladder section 9 can be designed as previously described in the Figs. 1 to 11 As has been shown and described, the ladder element 17 with the pivotally mounted swivel arm 18 can thus form the first cantilever arm section 83 or the ladder section 9. However, it would also be possible to design the first cantilever arm section 83 or the ladder section 9 as a continuous piece and thus without the swivel arm 18.

[0154] For the sake of clarity, the following are listed: Figs. 16 to 18 Only the two tension rollers 72 and 73 of the roller pair, forming a tensioning slide, are shown, and the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 is omitted. Furthermore, it is possible to provide one of the previously described cable guides on each of the ladder sides, namely, on the left and right sides when viewed in the direction of ascent. This allows for a multiple arrangement of supply lines and / or control lines.

[0155] In the Fig. 21 is the one in the Figs. 16 to 18The cantilever arm 82, designed as a ladder set 8, is shown in an embodiment with a smaller number of cantilever arm sections, namely the uppermost or first cantilever arm section 83, the lowermost or last cantilever arm section 87, and only one further cantilever arm section 86 located between these two cantilever arm sections 83 and 87. Only the fully retracted position of the ladder sections 9, 12, and 13, which here form the cantilever arm sections 83, 86, and 87, is shown.

[0156] The relative adjustment or displacement movements are carried out analogously to the previously described embodiment in the Figs. 16 to 20 .

[0157] To avoid unnecessary repetition, the same reference symbols are used for identical components as in the Figs. 1 to 20 used. Furthermore, reference is made to the information in the Figs. 1 to 20The disclosure contained herein is referred to and reference is made. The first tensioning device 71 is also arranged here on the lowest or last boom arm section 87 or the ladder section 13. At the first tensioning device 71, the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 are deflected to the opposite side or direction, each separately from the two first deflection pulleys 78-1 and 79-1.

[0158] The routing of the first line 68, after the deflection or redirection at the first deflection pulley 78-1, leads directly to the ladder foot 14 or the boom arm foot 88 of the uppermost or first ladder section 9 or the uppermost or first boom arm section 83.

[0159] The routing of the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70, after the deflection or redirection at the first deflection pulley 79-1, also leads directly to the ladder foot 14 or the boom arm foot 88 of the uppermost or first ladder section 9 or the uppermost or first boom arm section 83.

[0160] The first clamping device 71 is preferably designed and arranged analogously to the one already described in the Figs. 16 to 20 This has been described in detail. This also applies to the first and second adjustment paths 80 and 81.

[0161] In the Fig. 22 Another possible embodiment of the boom arm 82 is shown, although this one differs from the one in the Figs. 16 to 19 and 21The illustrated embodiment is designed as a telescopic mast 90 comprising several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95. The telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 correspond in principle to the ladder sections 9 to 13 described above and are also displaceable relative to each other in the direction of their longitudinal extension – namely, they are also telescopic.

[0162] The telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 form or define the boom arm sections 83 to 87 of the boom arm 82 and each define the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89 arranged at a distance therefrom. In this configuration, each of the boom arm bases 88 can also be referred to as a telescopic mast base and each of the boom arm heads 89 as a telescopic mast head.

[0163] The telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are also designated with a counter, such as second, third, fourth, or fifth, starting from the first or uppermost telescopic mast section 91. Starting from the lowest, and in this case fifth, telescopic mast section 95, the further telescopic mast sections 94 to 91 are always arranged one inside the other, and telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 that are directly adjacent to each other are joined together.

[0164] To avoid unnecessary repetition, the same reference symbols are used for identical components as in the Figs. 1 to 21 used. Furthermore, reference is made to the information in the Figs. 1 to 21 The contained revelation was pointed out and reference was made.

[0165] The relative adjustment or displacement movements of the telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are carried out analogously to the previously described embodiments with their ladder sections 9 to 13 in the Figs. 16 to 20 and 21 .

[0166] The first clamping device 71 is preferably designed and arranged analogously to the one already described in the Figs. 16 to 20 This has been described in detail. This also applies to the first and second adjustment paths 80 and 81.

[0167] It is also possible and conceivable that the number of telescopic mast sections can vary from 91 to 95, as was also the case previously in the Figs. 16 to 21 The boom arm sections 83 to 87, designed as ladder sections 9 to 13, have already been described. In the illustrated embodiment, a total of five telescopic mast sections 91 to 95 are provided, the number of which can also vary, as already described for the boom arm sections 83 to 87, designed as ladder sections 9 to 13.

[0168] In the Fig. 23Another embodiment of the lifting unit 7, which may be independent in itself, is shown, with the same reference numerals or component designations used for identical parts as in the preceding illustrations. Figs. 1 to 22 to be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding sections. Figs. 1 to 22 Reference has been made to the following. The boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is only shown in a highly simplified and stylized form in its fully retracted position.

[0169] The boom arm 82 can be configured as a ladder set 8 with several ladder sections 9 to 13, as previously described in the Figs. 16 to 18 and 21 as described. However, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90 with several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95, as described in the Fig. 22has been described. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, only the reference symbols for the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 are used and can be applied analogously to the ladder set 8 or the telescopic mast 90.

[0170] The boom arm 82 is shown here with a difference compared to the Figs. 16 to 18 This design incorporates a smaller number of boom arm sections, namely the uppermost or first boom arm section 83, the lowermost or last boom arm section 87, and only one further boom arm section 86 located between these two boom arm sections 83 and 87. However, it would also be possible to provide several further boom arm sections between the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 and the lowermost or last boom arm section 87.

[0171] In contrast to the one in the Fig. 21In the embodiment shown, the first clamping device 71 is arranged on the penultimate boom arm part located between the uppermost or first boom arm part 83 and the lowermost or last boom arm part 87 - here designated with reference numeral 86.

[0172] The first line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 – preferably in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided. The first line 68 runs from the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the lowest or last boom arm section 87 to the first deflection pulley 78-1 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the immediately following next boom arm section 86, and is deflected at this pulley to the first tensioning pulley 72 of the first tensioning device 71. After being deflected at the first tensioning pulley 72, the first line 68 is guided to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. This applies in particular to the area of ​​its boom arm head 89. The second or upper section of the first line 68 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83.

[0173] In this embodiment, the second cable 69 or auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position at its lower or first section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 – also in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89. A cable connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided. The cable path of the second cable 69 or auxiliary cable 70 from the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the lowest or last boom arm section 87 runs to the first deflection pulley 79-1 in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 of the immediately following next boom arm section 86 and is deflected at this pulley to the second tensioning pulley 73 of the first tensioning device 71. After being deflected at the second tensioning pulley 73, the second cable 69 or auxiliary cable 70 is guided to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83, specifically to the area of ​​its boom arm base 88.The second or upper section of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. A further subsequent line routing towards the boom arm head 89 is usually required.

[0174] In this embodiment, the first clamping device 71 is not arranged on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 and not on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83.

[0175] In the Fig. 24 Another embodiment of the lifting unit 7, which may be independent in itself, is shown, with the same reference numerals or component designations used for identical parts as in the preceding illustrations. Figs. 1 to 23 to be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding sections. Figs. 1 to 23Reference has been made to the following. The boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 85, 86 and 87 is shown in a highly simplified and stylized manner in its fully retracted position.

[0176] The boom arm 82 can be configured as a ladder set 8, as previously described in the Figs. 16 to 18 and 21 as described. However, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90, as described in the Fig. 22 has been described. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, only the reference symbols for the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 85, 86, 87 are used.

[0177] The boom arm 82 is shown here with a difference compared to the Figs. 16 to 18This is achieved with a smaller number of boom arm sections, namely the uppermost or first boom arm section 83, the lowermost or last boom arm section 87, and two further boom arm sections 85 and 86 located between these two boom arm sections 83 and 87 – thus a total of four boom arm sections. The extension or adjustment movements here take the form of a synchronous extension of the boom arm sections 83, 85, 86, and 87 relative to each other.

[0178] The first tensioning device 71 is again arranged on the lowest or last boom arm section 87. Furthermore, it is provided that the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are held in a fixed position on the penultimate boom arm section – here, boom arm section 86 – between the respective line runs towards the uppermost or first boom arm section 83. The respective fixed supports or attachment points are indicated by a filled circle or a larger dot.

[0179] The first line 68 is fixedly positioned with its lower or first section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 – in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89 – and is shown as a solid line. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually required. The path of the first line 68 from the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the lowest or last boom arm section 87 runs to the first tensioning roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71 and is deflected there to the penultimate or fourth of the boom arm sections 86. This deflection is directed specifically towards its boom arm head 89. The previously described fixed mounting or fastening takes place there.

[0180] The first cable 68, starting from its mounting point, continues to the first deflection pulley 78-1 in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the immediately following boom arm section 85 – here, the second boom arm section. After being deflected at the first deflection pulley 78-1, the first cable 68 is guided to the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 and held in a fixed position there with its second or upper cable segment. This is done particularly in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88. A further subsequent cable routing to the boom arm head 89 is usually required.

[0181] In this embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position at its lower or first section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 – preferably in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88 – and is shown as a dashed line. The path of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 extends to the second tensioning pulley 73 of the first tensioning device 71 and is deflected at this pulley towards the penultimate, or here fourth, of the boom arm sections 86. This deflection is directed specifically towards its boom arm base 88. The first fixed mounting or fastening described above is located there. The second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is further guided from the boom arm base 88 to a second fixed mounting in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the penultimate, or here fourth, of the boom arm sections 86.

[0182] The further routing of the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70, starting from its mounting point on the penultimate or, in this case, fourth of the boom arm sections 86, leads to the first deflection pulley 79-1 in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 of the immediately following or next boom arm section 85 – here, the second boom arm section. After being deflected at the first deflection pulley 79-1, the second cable 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided to the uppermost or first boom arm section 83 and held in a fixed position there with its second or upper cable section on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. This is also done in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88. A further subsequent cable routing to the boom arm head 89 is usually required.

[0183] In the Fig. 25Another embodiment of the lifting unit 7, which may be independent in itself, is shown, with the same reference numerals or component designations used for identical parts as in the preceding illustrations. Figs. 1 to 24 to be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding sections. Figs. 1 to 24 Reference has been made to the following: The boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is shown in a highly simplified and stylized manner. In this illustration, the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83 is shown in its fully extended position at maximum stroke, and the other boom arm sections 84, 85, 86 and 87 are shown in an intermediate position at approximately half their stroke.

[0184] The boom arm 82 can be configured as a ladder set 8 with several ladder sections 9 to 13, as previously described in the Figs. 16 to 18 and 21as described. However, it would also be possible to design the boom arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90 with several telescopic mast sections 91 to 95, as described in the Fig. 22 has been described. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, only the reference symbols for the boom arm 82 with its boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 are used and can be applied analogously to the ladder set 8 or the telescopic mast 90.

[0185] The boom arm 82 comprises, analogous to the embodiment shown in the Figs. 16 to 18 A total of five boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, and 87 are provided. In addition to the first clamping device 71 described above, at least one further or second clamping device 71-1 is provided here. For clarity, the two clamping devices 71 and 71-1 are shown arranged between the boom arm sections 83 and 84, and 86 and 87, which are depicted at a distance from each other.

[0186] The respective fixed brackets or attachment points are also indicated here by a filled circle or a larger dot.

[0187] The first tensioning device 71 is arranged here on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87, particularly in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89 and is displaceable towards the boom arm foot 88. Furthermore, the previously described first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are provided, each extending from the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 preferably continuously to the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83.

[0188] The at least one additional or second tensioning device 71-1 is arranged on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. By providing two tensioning devices 71, 71-1 in this embodiment, predetermined sections of the first line 68 and also of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can be fixedly routed on designated boom arm sections 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, namely the second boom arm section 84 and the fourth boom arm section 86. This involves a section of the first line 68 that runs fixedly on the second boom arm section 84 between the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89.

[0189] The second line 69, with its line section, or the auxiliary cable 70, with its line section, is fixedly arranged here on the fourth boom arm section 86 between the boom arm base 88 and the boom arm head 89. This is done in each case between two fixed attachment points or supports.

[0190] The respective routing of the lines is briefly summarized below. The first line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87 – in the area of ​​its boom arm head 89 – and is guided to the first tensioning roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71, where it is deflected. A line connection to the boom arm base 88 is usually provided and is indicated by a line. After being deflected at the first tensioning roller 72, the first line 68 runs to the penultimate or fourth boom arm section 86, preferably to its boom arm head 89, and is held or fastened in a fixed position there.Starting from this attachment point, the first line 68 runs to the first deflection pulley 78-1, which is located in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89 of the third boom arm section 85. After being deflected, the line is guided to the boom arm base 88 of the fourth boom arm section 84. There, it is fixedly mounted or attached in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88. The first line 68 is then routed from the boom arm base 88 of the fourth boom arm section 84 in a fixed position to its boom arm head 89, where it is also fixedly mounted or attached. From this fixed attachment point, the first line 68 continues to the first tensioning pulley 72-1 of the second tensioning device 71-1 and is deflected at this pulley towards the boom arm head 89 of the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83.The second or upper section of the first line 68 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83. A connection to its boom arm head 89 is usually still required, which is only indicated here.

[0191] In this embodiment, the second cable 69 or auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position at its lower or first section on the lowest or last of the boom arm sections 87. This can be done, for example, in the area of ​​the end region of the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 facing the boom arm base 88, in particular on its guide rails 75. Starting from this attachment point, the second cable 69 or auxiliary cable 70 is led to the second tensioning pulley 73 and deflected at it to the boom arm base 88 of the penultimate or fourth boom arm section 86, and is also held in a fixed position in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88. The further routing of the second cable 69 or auxiliary cable 70 extends to the boom arm head 89 of the penultimate or fourth boom arm section 86 with a fixed cable section, wherein a fixed and positioned bracket is located in the area of ​​the boom arm head 89.It is designed for fastening.

[0192] Starting from this attachment point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 runs to the first deflection pulley 79-1, which is located in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88 of the third boom arm section 85, and is guided, after being deflected, towards the boom arm base 88 of the fourth boom arm section 84. From this fixed attachment point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is further guided to the second tensioning pulley 73-1 of the second tensioning device 71-1 and deflected at this pulley towards the boom arm base 88 of the uppermost boom arm section 83. The second or upper section of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm sections 83, particularly in the area of ​​its boom arm base 88. A line connection to its boom arm head 89 is usually still required, which is only indicated.If the auxiliary cable 70 is provided instead of the second line 69, it can end in the area of ​​the boom arm base 88.

[0193] The exemplary embodiments show possible embodiment variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiment variants, but rather various combinations of the individual embodiment variants are also possible and this possibility of variation lies within the skill of the person skilled in this technical field due to the teaching on technical action by the present invention.

[0194] The scope of protection is defined by the claims. However, the description and drawings must be consulted for the interpretation of the claims.

[0195] All references to value ranges in this description are to be understood as encompassing any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g., the reference 1 to 10 is to be understood as including all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, i.e., all sub-ranges begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g., 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

[0196] Finally, for the sake of clarity, it should be noted that, for a better understanding of the structure, some elements have been shown not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size. Reference numeral list

[0197] 1 Emergency or rescue vehicle 30 Ladder stile 2 chassis 31 Width 3 front wheel pair 32 clear expanse 4 rear wheel pair 33 Command order 5 Vehicle body 34 first command unit 6 Driver's cab 35 second command unit 7 Lifting unit 36 conductor section end area 8 ladder set 37 Lateral spacing 9 ladder part 38 Distance 10 ladder part 39 Support surface 11 ladder part 40 Support surface 12 ladder part 41 Free space length 13 ladder part 42 Overhang 14 ladder foot 43 third command unit 15 conductor head 44 fourth command unit 16 Passenger transport equipment 45 Distance 17 ladder element 46 Support element 18 Swivel arm 47 Chamfer 19 Swivel arrangement 48 Swivel axis 20 bogie 49 Actuator 21 Energy source 50 Compensating element 22 Range extender 51 Basic element 23 electric motor 52 Swivel axis 24 open space 53 Swivel travel limiting device 25 Ladder stile 26 ladder rung 54 Stop element 27 Joint axle 55 Exclusion 28 Ladder stile 56 winch 29 open space 57 Pull-out rope 58 Retraction rope 91 telescopic mast section 59 Coupling cable 92 telescopic mast section 60 pulley 93 telescopic mast section 61 Pull-out rope end 94 telescopic mast section 62 Mounting point 95 telescopic mast section 63 pulley 96 first tension frame element 64 Retreat rope end 97 second tension frame element 65 pulley 66 bearing journal 67 Axle offset 68 first line 69 second line 70 Auxiliary rope 71 Clamping device 72 first tensioning roller 73 second tensioning roller 74 Longitudinal guide arrangement 75 Guide rail 76 Tension frame 77 Clamping element 78 pulley 79 pulley 80 first adjustment range 81 second adjustment path 82 boom arm 83 boom arm section 84 boom arm section 85 boom arm section 86 boom arm section 87 boom arm section 88 Cantilever arm foot 89 boom arm head 90 telescopic mast

Claims

1. An extendable ladder set (8), in particular a fire department ladder for an emergency or rescue vehicle (1), comprising - multiple ladder parts (9 to 13), which are each formed of ladder uprights (25, 28, 30) and ladder rungs (26) extending between the ladder uprights (25, 28, 30), and these each define a ladder foot (14) and a ladder head (15, 15-1, 15-2) arranged at a distance therefrom, - wherein the uppermost ladder part (9) comprises a ladder element (17) and a pivot arm (18) which are hingedly connected to one another by means of a pivot arrangement (19) and a hinge axis (27) defined by the pivot arrangement (19) is aligned essentially in parallel to the ladder rungs (26), - wherein the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17) extend from the hinge axis (27) by a projection (42) beyond the hinge axis (27) in the direction of the ladder head (15) and at least partially overlap with the pivot arm (18), and wherein a free space (29) is defined in the region of the projection (42) between the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17) as viewed transversely from these, - wherein the ladder element (17) and the at least one pivot arm (18) overlap one another with the ladder part (10) located directly below in the position in which the uppermost ladder part (9) is fully retracted into the ladder part (10) located directly below, and - a guide arrangement (33), which guide arrangement (33) is arranged at least on the ladder part (10) located directly below at least in the region of the ladder head (15) and the uppermost ladder part (9) is guided at or on the guide arrangement (33), characterized - in that the guide arrangement (33) comprises first guide units (34) and second guide units (35) which are located opposite one another in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, - in that the first guide units (34) are arranged on a ladder part end region (36), facing away from the ladder foot (14), of the ladder part (10) located directly below, - in that the second guide units (35) are arranged at a distance (38) from the first guide units (34) in the direction of the ladder foot (14), and - in that the distances (38) between the first guide units (34) and the second guide units (35) correspond at most in each case to the projection (42) of the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17) over the hinge axis (27).

2. The ladder set (8) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ladder uprights (30) of the pivot arm (18) are each arranged inside the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17) as viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder.

3. The ladder set (8) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ladder uprights (30) of the pivot arm (18) and the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17), in their extended alignment with respect to one another, each have supporting surfaces (39, 40) which are aligned in a planar manner with respect to one another on their sides facing the first guide units (34) and the second guide units (35).

4. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual ladder parts (9 to 13) are configured having ladder lengths which are approximately equal to one another.

5. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ladder length of the pivot arm (18) corresponds to a multiple length, in particular at least twice the length, of the projection (42) of the ladder uprights (28) beyond the hinge axis (27).

6. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ladder part (10) directly below has a further free space (24) between the ladder uprights (25) following the second guide units (35) and in the direction of the ladder head (15-2).

7. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first guide units (34) are arranged at a transverse distance (37) from one another in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, which transverse distance (37) is selected to be greater than an outer width (31) of the pivot arm (18).

8. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second guide units (35) are arranged lying within the last pair of rungs of the ladder part (10) directly below, as viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder.

9. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the position of the uppermost ladder part (9) fully retracted into the ladder part (10) directly below, the ladder uprights (30) of the pivot arm (18) are each supported resting on one of the second guide units (35).

10. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after a relative displacement of the first ladder part (9) to the side facing away from the ladder foot (14) and with the ladder element (17) and the pivot arm (18) thereof in an extended alignment with respect to one another, both the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17) in the section of the free space (29) thereof and the ladder uprights (30) of the pivot arm (18) are each supported resting on one of the second guide units (35).

11. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first guide units (34) and / or the second guide units (35) are each pivotably mounted on the second ladder part (10) about a pivot axis (48) extending in parallel alignment with respect to the ladder rungs (26), and the first guide units (34) and / or the second guide units (35) are each displaced by means of an adjusting element (49) with their end facing the ladder foot (14) in the direction of the second ladder part (10).

12. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide arrangement (33) further comprises at least one compensating element (50), preferably comprises two compensating elements (50), wherein the at least one compensating element (50) or the compensating elements (50) each has or have the form of a rocker and in each case a first guide unit (34) is arranged at one end region and a second guide unit (35) is arranged at the opposite end region of the respective compensating element (50).

13. The ladder set (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide arrangement (33) furthermore comprises third guide units (43) and fourth guide units (44) opposite one another as viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, which third and fourth guide units (43, 44) are arranged on the ladder part (10) directly below, and the third and fourth guide units (43, 44) are configured to guide the ladder element (17) of the first ladder part (9) in a parallel position on the further ladder part (10) located directly below, as viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder.

14. The ladder set (8) according to claim 13, characterized in that the third guide units (43) are arranged or formed directly above the first guide units (34) on the further ladder part (10).

15. The ladder set (8) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the fourth guide units (44) are arranged at a distance (45) starting from the third guide units (43) in the direction of the ladder foot (14) and the distance (45) is selected such that, in the fully retracted state of the first ladder part (9), each of the ladder uprights (28) of the ladder element (17) is guided on the fourth guide units (44) located opposite one another in the transverse direction.

16. The ladder set (8) according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the third guide units (43) and / or the fourth guide units (44) each comprise a base element (51) forming a rocker, wherein a pivot axis (52) of the base element (51) has an approximately normal orientation with respect to the transverse extension of the ladder parts (9 to 13) with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder.

17. The ladder set (8) according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the third guide units (43) and / or the fourth guide units (44) each comprise a pivot path limiting device (53), by means of which pivot path limiting device (53) the maximum possible pivot path of the base element (51) about its pivot axis (52) can be limited.

18. An emergency or rescue vehicle (1) comprising a chassis (2), a vehicle body (5), a driver's cabin (6) and a lifting unit (7) configured as a ladder set (8), characterized in that the ladder set (8) is configured according to one of the preceding claims.

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