Fire-fighting device

Abstract

A fire-fighting device (1) comprises at least one pressure vessel (3) which is or can be filled with an extinguishing gas (2). The pressure vessel (3) comprises an inner volume, which is or can be filled with an extinguishing gas (2) with a storage pressure of at least 1 MPa and at most 70 MPa, a hollow body (5), which delimits the inner volume and has an inner cross-sectional width of at most 8 mm, more particularly at most 6.5 mm, preferably at most 5 mm, more particularly at most 3 mm, at least one extinguishing-gas discharge opening (31) for discharging the extinguishing gas from the inner volume, the extinguishing-gas discharge opening having an opening area of at most 5 mm², more particularly at most 2.5 mm², preferably at most 1 mm², and a closure body (7), which covers the extinguishing-gas discharge opening (31). The closure body (7) comprises or consists of a material having a melting temperature of at least 50°C and at most 300°C.

Description

[0001] Firefighting device

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a firefighting device comprising at least one pressure vessel filled or fillable with an extinguishing gas. The invention also relates to a piece of furniture, electronic component, motor vehicle, and / or fire-protection clothing comprising such a device.

[0004] There are various types of firefighting, each of which uses different methods to eliminate the conditions necessary to start and sustain a fire. For a fire to occur, combustible materials and oxygen must be present in the appropriate ratios. Furthermore, sufficient ignition energy must be available.

[0005] To reduce ignition energy, burning materials can be cooled. Water is predominantly used as an extinguishing agent for cooling, possibly with additives such as detergents or gelling agents. However, water is not suitable for extinguishing fires of all classes, nor for all flammable materials. The use of water as an extinguishing agent can also cause electrical short circuits and consequential damage. Another disadvantage is the potential damage to objects in the vicinity of a fire, either from the water itself used as an extinguishing agent or from materials transported in the extinguishing water.

[0006] Alternatively, powder, sand, granules, or similar extinguishing agents can be used to cover flammable materials and thus prevent the oxygen supply. However, the use of such extinguishing agents is associated with significant contamination and potentially damage to the area surrounding the fire.

[0007] Extinguishing fires using non-combustible gases, which partially or completely displace oxygen from the area of ​​the combustible materials, is a particularly gentle method. Under standard conditions (25 °C, 1000 hPa), the ambient air contains approximately 21 vol.% oxygen. Many fires are extinguished when the oxygen concentration in the area of ​​the combustible materials is reduced to no more than 15 vol. According to guideline VDS 3527, 15.9 vol.% residual oxygen is assumed to be the limit value for determining the ignition limit in the rr / EDV area. One challenge when extinguishing fires using non-combustible gases is the rapid provision of a sufficient quantity of the gases used as extinguishing agents at the source of the fire. Furthermore, the use of oxygen-displacing gases as extinguishing agents carries the risk of endangering people in the extinguishing area due to a lack of oxygen.

[0008] US 2017 / 0113081 Ai relates to a fire protection device for small electronic devices with housings. The housing contains a capsule filled with an extinguishing agent. The extinguishing agent comprises a liquid with a low boiling point which, after conversion to a gas phase, occupies a volume many times greater than before, causing the capsule to burst upon overheating and displacing the oxygen from the housing. Halon, fluorinated ketone, or perfluorinated ethyl isopropyl ketone, for example, are to be used as the liquid. DE 28 24 370 Ai describes a flame retardant for electrical systems or other devices. The flame retardant consists of capsules made of a material that melts when heated or in the event of a fire, causing the capsules to burst and release a halon-based extinguishing agent contained within. The extinguishing agents described are highly toxic and pose a danger to humans and the environment.The amount of extinguishing agent is also small and only exerts its extinguishing effect within a small, enclosed area.

[0009] KR 102021050399 A describes a fire extinguisher that contains a pressurized powder or gas or a pressurized liquid as the extinguishing agent. Heptafluoropropane or hexafluoropropane are proposed as extinguishing gases, which, when decomposed in air, for example, in fires, form toxic, corrosive, and carcinogenic hydrogen fluoride as a reaction product. Nitrogen or ambient air can be used as the propellant gas, which should be present in just sufficient quantity to spray a small housing with the extinguishing agent. The fire extinguisher is sealed with a melting element that melts under the heat of a fire.

[0010] One object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, to provide a firefighting device that allows rapid, reliable, and large-scale fire extinguishing by means of oxygen-displacing substances in a simple and cost-effective manner, and that can preferably be used without health risks and / or without endangering the environment. This object is achieved by the subject matter of independent claim i. Accordingly, a firefighting device (firefighting apparatus) is provided that comprises at least one pressure vessel filled or fillable with extinguishing gas. Preferably, the device can comprise several, for example at least ten, in particular at least ten or more, preferably uniform pressure vessels.Preferably, the extinguishing gas comprises predominantly, in particular at least 80%, preferably at least 90% or at least 95%, fire-retardant substances or consists of one or more fire-retardant substances, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and / or argon.

[0011] The at least one pressure vessel comprises an internal volume which is or can be filled with the extinguishing gas at a supply pressure of at least 1 MPa and not more than 70 MPa. Preferably, the internal volume is or can be filled with a supply pressure of at least 5 MPa, in particular at least 10 MPa, preferably at least 20 MPa. Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that the internal volume is or can be filled with a supply pressure of not more than 60 MPa, in particular not more than 50 MPa, preferably not more than 30 MPa. Preferably, the extinguishing gas is partially or completely gaseous at the supply pressure in the pressure vessel. The extinguishing gas can in particular be free of a propellant. It is advantageous that the extinguishing gas does not only become gaseous after the boiling point of a stored extinguishing agent has been exceeded.This allows the extinguishing gas to be used in a wide range of temperature ranges, with the release of extinguishing gas being determined primarily by the material properties of the closure body and / or the material's weakening. The use of propellants is not required in the fire-fighting device according to the invention.

[0012] The at least one pressure vessel of the fire-fighting device according to the invention comprises a hollow body defining the internal volume and having an internal cross-sectional width of no more than 8 mm, in particular no more than 6.5 mm, preferably no more than 5 mm or no more than 3 mm. The hollow body preferably has a rounded, in particular circular, cross-section. In particular, the hollow body can be a tubular body or a spherical body. The internal cross-sectional width can be defined by an internal diameter of a circular cross-section of a spherical or cylindrical hollow body. In the case of a polygonal, for example square or rectangular, cross-sectional shape, a diagonal can define the internal cross-sectional width.

[0013] The at least one pressure vessel of the fire-fighting device according to the invention further comprises at least one or exactly one extinguishing gas discharge opening for discharging the extinguishing gas from the internal volume with an opening area of ​​not more than 5 mm 2 , in particular not more than 2.5 mm 2 , preferably not more than 1 mm 2 , in particular not more than 0.5 mm 2 , preferably not more than 0.2 mm 2 , and a closure body that occupies the extinguishing gas discharge opening. In particular, the opening area of ​​the extinguishing gas discharge opening is not less than 0.01 mm, preferably not less than 0.02 mm 2 , particularly preferably not less than 0.05 mm 2 . It may be appropriate that the opening area of ​​the extinguishing gas discharge opening is not less than 0.1 mm, preferably not less than 0.2 mm 2 or not less than 0.5 mm 2The closure body comprises or consists of a material (melting material) with a melting temperature of not less than 50 °C and not more than 300 °C. The melting temperature of the melting material can in particular be at least 55 °C, at least 60 °C, at least 70 °C, at least 75 °C, at least 80 °C, at least 85 °C, at least 90 °C, at least 95 °C or at least 100 °C. Alternatively or additionally, the melting temperature of the melting material can be not more than 250 °C, not more than 200 °C, not more than 150 °C, not more than 125 °C, not more than 110 °C or not more than 100 °C. Suitable melting materials include, for example, plastics, in particular those plastics that are frequently used together with hot air guns. Preferably, the closure body is formed of at least 5 wt.% or at least 10 wt.%, in particular at least 30 wt.%, preferably at least 50 wt.%, from such a fusible material.It may be particularly preferred for the closure body to be formed entirely from the material with the said melting temperature. One advantage of using a closure body made of fusible material is that the extinguishing gas is released when heat is present as a result of a fire or an ignition source. This avoids the release of extinguishing gas unless it is appropriate.

[0014] The use of an extinguishing gas release opening with a small opening area allows the extinguishing gas to be released from the pressure vessel over a period of a few seconds to a few minutes, for example for a period of not less than 5 seconds, in particular not less than 10 seconds, preferably not less than 30 seconds, and / or not more than 10 minutes, in particular not more than 5 minutes, preferably not more than 3 minutes. Some fires pose a risk of reignition after extinguishing. Small extinguishing gas release openings are particularly well suited to releasing the extinguishing gas at the source of the fire over extended periods. In this way, reignition can be reliably prevented with the help of extinguishing capsules.It may be helpful to provide the extinguishing gases with a dye or similar marking so that users can easily recognize whether the deployment of additional pressure vessels or fire-fighting devices is required at specific locations. It may be preferred that the at least one extinguishing gas discharge opening is designed and configured to emit noises, in particular whistling noises, when the extinguishing gas escapes. Such noises can act as a fire alarm. It may be preferred that one or more pressure vessels of a fire-fighting device are closed in such a way that, once a certain pressure is reached, the extinguishing gas is released, producing a bang. Such noise generation can assist in detecting the spatial progression of a fire.

[0015] By using a hollow body with a narrow cross-sectional width, it is ensured that the hollow body, even with a thin wall, can store extinguishing gas under high pressure (p) within its internal volume. For example, for a spherical or cylindrical hollow body, its required wall thickness (w) is approximately proportional to the inner radius (r) defined by the inner cross-sectional width. This is because the compressive force (Fp) acting on the hollow body must be less than or equal to the resistance force (Fw) that the hollow body can withstand almost without deformation due to its material properties (E) and shape.

[0016] Formula 1: Fp = p * TT * r 2

[0017] Formula 2: Fw = S * E * 71 * ((r+w) 2 - r 2 )

[0018] This means that, for example, a hollow sphere with an inner radius of 5 mm requires a wall thickness (including safety margin S) that is approximately 50 times thinner than a hollow sphere with an inner radius of 25 cm. By using a hollow body with a small cross-sectional width, a much thinner wall thickness is sufficient to store the same pressure than with much larger conventional gas cylinders. By using a large number of such small pressure vessels, even large quantities of pressurized extinguishing gas can be handled easily and safely. Unlike with larger pressurized gas cylinders, the device for extinguishing fires according to the invention, which comprises one or more such small pressure vessels, does not require any special safety regulations to be observed. This is because the individual pressure vessels do not pose any danger. There is no risk from the explosive release of large quantities of extinguishing gas.This makes the device according to the invention suitable for numerous applications and can be easily used by laypersons, for example, without any special safety measures. Nevertheless, the high compression of the extinguishing gases in each pressure vessel means that a large quantity of extinguishing gas can be made available to fire-prone locations by using multiple pressure vessels. By releasing sufficiently large quantities of oxygen-free or low-oxygen extinguishing gas, in addition to the extinguishing effect, it can also be ensured that no further fires arise and the fire cannot spread. If an individual pressure vessel is opened unintentionally, for example due to damage, this increases the external pressure in the vicinity of the other pressure vessels, thereby stabilizing them. The bursting of one pressure vessel therefore reduces the risk of other pressure vessels also bursting.When the extinguishing gases escape from the fire-fighting device, any danger or damage to the area surrounding the fire can be safely ruled out.

[0019] Large conventional compressed gas cylinders, on the other hand, would release a massive pressure wave and scatter shrapnel if they burst, potentially causing significant damage to the surrounding area. Large compressed gas cylinders are subject to numerous regulations. For example, they must be regularly inspected for leaks and mechanical integrity and therefore cannot be permanently installed in structures.

[0020] According to another aspect of the invention, a firefighting device is provided, which comprises at least one pressure vessel filled with an extinguishing gas according to an alternative embodiment. The alternatively designed pressure vessel comprises an internal volume filled with an extinguishing gas at a supply pressure of at least 1 MPa and no more than 70 MPa, and a hollow body delimiting the internal volume, having an internal cross-sectional width of no more than 5 mm, in particular no more than 3 mm, and an opening structure formed integrally with the hollow body, such as a material weakening of the hollow body.

[0021] It may be preferred that the at least one pressure vessel is formed from a metal material. The metal material may preferably be selected from the group comprising or consisting of aluminum and steel and their alloys. Particularly suitable metal materials are aluminum (tensile strength: 350 N / mm2 Weight: 2.7 kg / dm 3 ) or tempered steel (tensile strength: 1200 N / mm 2 Weight 7.84 kg / dm 3 ), in particular steel (material number 1.4306). Pressure vessels made of steel, for example, can be formed with low wall thicknesses of not more than 3 mm, in particular not more than 2 mm, preferably not more than 1 mm, subject to the cross-sectional width described above. The European standard for the maximum internal pressure of pipes made of stainless steel according to DIN and / or ANSI can be taken into account here. The wall thickness is particularly preferably not more than 0.8 mm or not more than 0.5 mm. Pressure vessels made of steel, in particular hollow spherical, can have an empty weight of not more than 10 g, in particular not more than 5 g, preferably not more than 3 g, per piece.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the fire-fighting device, the hollow body is realized as a tubular body. The hollow body has a cylinder length of not less than 10 mm, in particular not less than 25 mm, preferably not less than 50 mm. In addition, the hollow body can be such that it has a cylinder length of not more than 1000 mm, in particular not more than 500 mm, preferably not more than 300 mm. The cylinder length can alternatively be limited to not more than 150 mm, in particular not more than 100 mm, preferably not more than 75 mm or not more than 55 mm. The cylinder length can generally refer to the longitudinal extent of the tubular body from its first end to its opposite second end along a center line of the tubular body. The tubular body can have a substantially identical or constant cross-sectional shape and / or area along its cylinder length.Preferably, the tubular body has the shape of a vertical circular cylinder. Alternatively, the tubular body can have a different cylindrical shape, for example, a spiral cylindrical shape with a center line curved around a spiral center line. Compared to spherical hollow bodies, tubular hollow bodies can achieve a higher packing density when multiple pressure vessels are used in a firefighting device.

[0023] In another embodiment, which can be combined with the previous one, the at least one extinguishing gas discharge opening is oriented transversely, preferably tangentially, to a radial and / or axial direction of the hollow body, in particular the tubular body. The extinguishing gas discharge opening penetrates the wall of the hollow body, preferably at an angle. The axial direction of a tubular body corresponds to its cylindrical longitudinal direction. By aligning the extinguishing gas discharge opening(s) transversely to the radial and / or axial direction of the hollow body, it is possible to prevent the pressure vessel from accelerating in a linear forward motion. Instead, the transversely oriented extinguishing gas discharge opening imparts a rotational movement to the pressure vessel, should it begin to move. Even with larger firefighting devices, such an orientation of the extinguishing gas discharge opening can prevent it from accidentally flying away.Additionally or alternatively, it may be preferred that a first side of a hollow body is locally fixed, for example, placed on a floor or anchored to a wall, and the second side of the hollow body, opposite the first side, is equipped with at least one extinguishing gas discharge opening. Preferably, the extinguishing gas discharge opening is designed and configured so that escaping extinguishing gas forces the pressure vessel against a fixing point.

[0024] In an optional embodiment of the fire-fighting device, which can be combined with the others, the at least one pressure vessel comprises a plurality of extinguishing gas discharge openings for discharging extinguishing gas from its interior, and these extinguishing gas discharge openings are each provided with a closure body. Preferably, the plurality of closure bodies of the same pressure vessel are of the same type. For example, diametrically opposed end regions of a tubular body can be equipped with a respective extinguishing gas discharge opening.

[0025] According to one embodiment, which can be combined with the others, the firefighting device, in particular the at least one pressure vessel, comprises at least one magnetizable, preferably magnetic or paramagnetic, metal component. Both the transport to the fire scene and the collection of distributed, for example, used or unused, individual pressure vessels or the entire firefighting device can be particularly easily implemented using magnetism. For example, it is conceivable to use an ejection system for deploying firefighting devices, each comprising one or more pressure vessels, with the aid of the magnetic or paramagnetic properties of the firefighting devices.Alternatively or additionally, collection devices with magnets, in particular deactivatable electromagnets, may be provided following fire-fighting operations in order to collect fire-fighting equipment or individual pressure vessels.

[0026] Additionally or alternatively, an embodiment of the fire-fighting device may further comprise at least one fixation having a melting or sublimation temperature of not less than 50°C and not more than 300°C. The melting or sublimation temperature of the fixation may in particular be at least 55°C, at least 60°C, at least 70°C, at least 75°C, at least 80°C, at least 85°C, at least 90°C, at least 95°C, or at least 100°C. Alternatively or additionally, the melting or sublimation temperature of the fixation may be not more than 250°C, not more than 200°C, not more than 150°C, not more than 125°C, not more than 110°C, or not more than 100°C. It may be preferred that the melting or sublimation temperature of the fixation be matched to the melting temperature of the melting material.Preferably, the melting or sublimation temperature of the fixation is less than or equal to the melting temperature of the melting material. The fire-fighting device also includes at least one marker bound in the fixation. The marker comprises at least one odorant (odorization) and / or at least one dye. The fixation with the at least one marker can be arranged, particularly in a highly visible manner, on the exterior of a pressure vessel or the fire-fighting device. The marker can contain an odorant to indicate that a fire has broken out and that an oxygen-deficient environment is imminent. The release of the odorants can occur even before the extinguishing gases are released, thus providing an early warning. The fire-fighting device is then also suitable as an early warning system.A color marking can, for example, be provided to distinguish differently filled pressure vessels from one another. For example, a first marking can identify pressure vessels with a low oxygen content of not less than 5 vol.%, in particular not less than 10 vol.%, and / or less than 15 vol.%, and a second marking can identify pressure vessels that are oxygen-free. In addition, a marking containing a dye can easily indicate whether a pressure vessel is unopened and thus full, or open and thus empty. Optionally, pressure vessels and / or firefighting devices can be provided with a label indicating their empty weight and / or their filled weight.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the fire-fighting device, the extinguishing gas consists of at least one gas or gas mixture that is gaseous and fire-inert under standard conditions. The extinguishing gas is preferably non-toxic. More preferably, the extinguishing gas does not contain any toxic, carcinogenic and / or corrosive components and / or decomposition products. The extinguishing gas is preferably a gas or gas mixture that comprises argon, carbon dioxide or nitrogen. The extinguishing gas can preferably be a gas or gas mixture selected from the group comprising argon, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The extinguishing gas preferably comprises at least 10 vol.%, in particular at least 30 vol.%, preferably at least 70 vol.%, particularly preferably at least 90 vol.% or at least 95 vol.%, nitrogen. Alternatively or additionally, the extinguishing gas comprises at least 10 vol.%, in particular at least 30 vol.%, preferably at least 70 vol.%, particularly preferably at least 90 vol.-% or at least 95 vol.% carbon dioxide. Further alternatively or additionally, the extinguishing gas comprises at least 10 vol.%, in particular at least 30 vol.%, preferably at least 70 vol.%, particularly preferably at least 90 vol.% or at least 95 vol.% argon. A preferred extinguishing gas mixture is at least 70 vol.%, in particular at least 80 vol.% or at least 90 vol.% nitrogen, and at least 1 vol.% carbon dioxide, wherein in particular the proportion of carbon dioxide is not more than 5 vol.%, preferably not more than 3 vol.%. The extinguishing gas mixture is preferably partially or completely gaseous at the supply pressure in the pressure vessel. According to a first alternative, the extinguishing gas is oxygen-free. According to a second alternative, the extinguishing gas comprises between 8 vol.% and 17 vol.%, in particular between 9 vol.% and 15.9 vol.%, preferably between 10 vol.% and 15 vol.% oxygen (gas mix).Preferably, the gas mix is ​​partially or completely gaseous at the storage pressure in the pressure vessel. The extinguishing gas can preferably consist of pure nitrogen. Both carbon dioxide and nitrogen are readily available and therefore cost-effective. Carbon dioxide and argon are heavier than ambient air and are therefore particularly suitable for long-term release in locations with a risk of re-ignition.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the firefighting device, the extinguishing gas comprises at least 0.01 vol.% and no more than 10 vol.% odorant (odorization). Additionally or alternatively, the extinguishing gas may comprise at least 0.01 vol.% and no more than 10 vol.% dye. It may be preferred that the dye be designed and configured to dissolve under the influence of oxygen. Using a dye, the spread of the oxygen-poor extinguishing gases can be easily monitored. An extinguishing gas with a dye may be referred to as artificial fog.

[0029] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the firefighting device comprises a plurality of (multiple) pressure vessels, in particular of the same type. The device with a plurality of, in particular of the same type, pressure vessels preferably comprises at least 5, in particular at least 10 or at least 50, preferably at least 100 or at least 500, particularly preferably at least 1000, in particular of the same type, pressure vessels.

[0030] The pressure vessels are preferably connected to one another. The connection between the pressure vessels can be detachable. Preferably, the plurality of pressure vessels are rigidly or firmly connected to one another. The plurality of rigidly connected pressure vessels can be held stationary relative to one another in a frame or housing. The plurality of rigidly connected pressure vessels can be arranged coaxially and / or parallel to one another. The plurality of pressure vessels can be connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting, or material-fitting manner. For example, the plurality of pressure vessels can be glued, welded, or soldered to one another. Preferably, the internal volumes of the plurality of interconnected pressure vessels are fluidically separated from one another. A fire-fighting device comprising a plurality of firmly connected pressure vessels can be referred to as an extinguishing block.In an extinguishing block, it can be provided that the extinguishing gas discharge openings of the plurality of pressure vessels are arranged on the same side of the extinguishing block. Preferably, the respective extinguishing gas discharge openings of the plurality of pressure vessels of the extinguishing block are arranged opposite a fixing element of the extinguishing block. The use of extinguishing blocks simplifies the transport and handling of the fire-fighting device. An extinguishing block can be easily positioned at the source of a fire or at a location at risk of fire. For example, extinguishing blocks are particularly suitable for use near electrical equipment, furniture, or building structures. It can be preferred that the plurality of rigidly connected pressure vessels, preferably an extinguishing block, is formed from a metal material. The metal material can preferably be selected from the group comprising or consisting of aluminum and steel, and their alloys.Particularly suitable metal materials are aluminum (tensile strength: 350 N / mm. 2 Weight: 2.7 kg / dm 3 ) or tempered steel Tensile strength: 1200 N / mm 2 Weight 7.84 kg / dm 3 ), especially steel (material number 1.4306).

[0031] In an alternative embodiment, the internal volumes of the plurality of pressure vessels communicate fluidically with one another. In particular, the device comprises a common line for discharging extinguishing gas, wherein the common line communicates fluidically with the plurality of pressure vessels. It can be advantageous if, particularly in the case of an extinguishing block, several or all of the interconnected pressure vessels are fluidically connected to a common line in order to discharge the extinguishing gas from the plurality of pressure vessels through the common line for extinguishing purposes. In such an embodiment, the internal volume can be defined by the line and the plurality of interconnected pressure vessels. The common line can be closed by the closure body or the material weakening. The plurality of pressure vessels connected to one another via the line can optionally be designed free of individual closure bodies and material weakenings.Several interconnected pressure vessels can have different internal cross-sectional widths or the same internal cross-sectional width. Several interconnected pressure vessels can have the same internal width or different internal widths in the area of ​​a respective transition to the common line. It may be preferred for several interconnected pressure vessels to have different internal widths or different sized extinguishing gas discharge openings in order to release the extinguishing gas at different rates over a longer period of time.

[0032] The smaller the cross-sectional width, for example the diameter, of the individual hollow bodies, the less danger emanates from the pressure vessels. The unintentional opening of an individual hollow body releases only a small amount of extinguishing gas, even if the opening occurs suddenly and / or the body is completely emptied. A particularly high packing density can be achieved with tubular hollow bodies. The packing density can be at least about 50 vol.%, in particular at least about 65 vol.%, preferably at least about 80 vol.%, of the occupied space. A fire-fighting device can have a plurality of pressure vessels arranged adjacent to one another, preferably distributed around one another. Internal pressure vessels can be surrounded by pressure vessels arranged further outwards. The wall thickness of internal pressure vessels can be thinner than that of external pressure vessels.This makes it possible to reduce the weight of an arrangement of several pressure vessels, for example an extinguishing block.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, in one embodiment of a fire-fighting device, a reservoir body which is in fluid communication with the at least one pressure vessel and has an interior space which in particular holds several liters can be provided. Preferably, the interior space of the reservoir body is filled or can be filled with the extinguishing gas under the reservoir pressure. Alternatively, the interior space can be filled with a gas mixture which comprises extinguishing gas and at least 8 vol.%, in particular at least 10 vol.%, of oxygen. It has proven expedient, for example for use in electrical systems or motor vehicles, to place one or more reservoir bodies at a respective protected location and to lay from there the at least one hollow body which is in fluid communication with the reservoir body.Such a hollow body can have a cross-sectional width of preferably less than 3 mm, in particular less than 2 mm, and particularly preferably less than 1 mm. This ensures a particularly secure seal by the melting material. By using several distributed extinguishing gas discharge openings, a large area can be protected. Preferably, a reservoir body can be fluidically connected to a plurality of hollow bodies.

[0034] In a further development, the fire-fighting device comprises at least one sensor device which is designed and configured to detect the presence or absence of at least one person, in particular in the effective range of the device. The sensor device can furthermore be designed and configured to inactivate a reservoir body which is filled or can be filled only with the extinguishing gas, in particular an oxygen-free reservoir, in the presence of at least one person, and / or to activate a reservoir body filled with a gas mixture. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor device can also be designed and configured to activate a reservoir body which is filled or can be filled only with extinguishing gas, preferably an oxygen-free reservoir, and / or to inactivate a reservoir body filled with a gas mixture in the absence of persons in the effective range of the device.Such a device is suitable, for example, for use in motor vehicles or other enclosed spaces, such as buildings. In vehicles, the sensor device can comprise, for example, pressure switches in the seats. Alternatively or additionally, a sensor device can use one or more infrared sensors, for example, for monitoring living spaces.

[0035] The invention also relates to a structural element or a piece of furniture comprising at least one fire-fighting device. The piece of furniture can, for example, be a piece of seating furniture, such as a sofa, or a piece of furniture, such as a wastepaper basket. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electronic component comprising at least one fire-fighting device.

[0036] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least one fire-fighting device. Furthermore, the invention relates to textile goods, such as curtains, equipped with at least one fire-protection device, for example, in their hem. In particular, the invention relates to fire-protection clothing comprising at least one fire-fighting device. Preferably, the at least one fire-fighting device is arranged inside the piece of furniture, the electronic component, the motor vehicle, the textile goods, or the fire-protection clothing.

[0037] Firefighting devices, particularly those with spherical or tubular bodies, can be incorporated into protective clothing to release extinguishing gas when exposed to high temperatures. Excessive heat can compromise the integrity and protective effect of protective clothing. In this case, releasing a shielding gas and blowing it toward the heat source can be helpful. In such cases, it may be advantageous to use CO2 as the extinguishing gas, which cools down considerably upon release.

[0038] The fire-fighting device can be easily placed on or in the object, which may, for example, be used in a fire-prone location or may itself be at risk of fire for another reason. Due to its immediate proximity to the endangered object, the fire-fighting device can extinguish a fire immediately by releasing the extinguishing gas. The fire-fighting device can be at least partially or completely incorporated into and / or attached to an object, such as a building structure, a motor vehicle or the like. For example, if a fire breaks out in a car, the fire gases can be forced out of the car. It can be preferred that the device, in particular the hollow body, preferably the tubular body, is at least partially deformable, in particular in order to be able to be mounted on and / or in the object in a shape adapted to the object.The embodiment described above with several extinguishing gas discharge openings is particularly suitable for this purpose, which can, for example, be arranged distributed along the cylinder length of the tubular body.

[0039] Further properties, features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0040] Figure 1a is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a fire-fighting device according to the invention;

[0041] Figure ib is a second schematic representation of the fire-fighting device according to Figure la;

[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a fire-fighting device according to the invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a fire-fighting device according to the invention;

[0044] Figure 4a is a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of a fire-fighting device according to the invention;

[0045] Figure 4b shows a second schematic representation of the fire-fighting device according to Figure 4a

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of a fire-fighting device according to the invention;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a variant of the fifth embodiment of a

[0048] Firefighting device according to the invention;

[0049] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of a dispensing device for firefighting devices according to the invention; Figure 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a firefighting device comprising a plurality of hollow bodies;

[0050] Figure 9 shows another embodiment of a fire-fighting device comprising several hollow bodies;

[0051] Figure io shows an exemplary piece of furniture with integrated fire-fighting devices;

[0052] Figure ii shows another exemplary piece of furniture;

[0053] Figure 12 shows a fire-fighting device with a reservoir for extinguishing gas;

[0054] Figure 13 shows an exemplary motor vehicle with integrated fire-fighting devices;

[0055] Figure 14 shows another exemplary motor vehicle;

[0056] Figure 15 is an exemplary representation of a motor vehicle in case of fire; and

[0057] Figure 16 shows another exemplary representation of the motor vehicle according to Figure 15.

[0058] It should be understood that the device according to the invention, which is illustrated below by way of example in the figures and is designed and configured in particular for carrying out a method according to the invention, is only schematically illustrated and described by way of example in the present disclosure. Numerous variations of the preferred embodiments illustrated by way of example in the figures are conceivable within the scope of the disclosure.

[0059] Figures 1a and 1b show a first embodiment of a fire-fighting device according to the invention, or in short: fire-fighting device 1. The fire-fighting device 1 comprises a pressure vessel 3 filled with extinguishing gas 2. The pressure vessel 3 is formed by a hollow body 5 and comprises an extinguishing gas discharge opening 31 for blowing off extinguishing gas 2 from the internal volume of the hollow body 5. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the hollow body 5 is formed as a spherical body 50. A spherical body 50 can be circular or spherical, as shown in Figures 1a and 1b, or alternatively, for example, egg-shaped or lens-shaped. Figure 1a shows the fire-fighting device 1 in a closed, passive state, in which the extinguishing gas discharge opening 31 is occupied by a closure body 7 and is thus sealed.

[0060] Figure 1b shows the firefighting device 1 in an open firefighting state. The pressure vessel 3 has two extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 through which extinguishing gas 2 exits in the firefighting state. The closure bodies 7 previously placed in the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 open the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 in the firefighting state. The firefighting device 1 releases extinguishing gas in a targeted manner when the surrounding area is hot enough to weaken, in particular soften or liquefy, the molten material forming the closure body 7, so that it no longer blocks the extinguishing gas discharge opening 31.

[0061] The firefighting device 1 can be converted from the passive state to the firefighting state by softening or liquefying a molten material, from which the closure bodies 7 can be formed, through the heat of a fire. The extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 are aligned obliquely to the production axial directions of the hollow spherical body 50, so that the escaping extinguishing gas 2 sets the hollow body 5 in a rotational motion, thus preventing the hollow body 5 from performing a rocket-like linear motion. If the extinguishing gas 2 is released obliquely from an extinguishing capsule 50, the extinguishing capsule 50 can be set in rotation, but essentially remains stationary. The pressure relief of the extinguishing gas 2 also cools the gas as well as the area surrounding the fire, which also has a firefighting effect. For example, this inhibits the gasification of combustible substances.In addition, the escaping extinguishing gas displaces oxygen from the fire source. This displacement effect can achieve a significant extinguishing effect, especially indoors.

[0062] For example, it is conceivable to have a 1 m 3 large container (not shown in detail), such as a basket, which is filled with fire-fighting devices 1 in the form of spherical bodies 50 with an inner diameter of approximately 5 mm, to be emptied at the source of a fire in order to deploy the numerous fire-fighting devices 1. In these fire-fighting devices 1, which can be referred to as extinguishing capsules, there is approximately 0.66 m 3Extinguishing gas at a storage pressure of, for example, 30 MPa. Under the heat of the fire, the closure body 7 is released from the pressure vessel 3, releasing its extinguishing gas discharge opening 31 and thus the internal volume of the pressure vessel 3. When the extinguishing gas leaves the extinguishing capsules, it spreads into the surrounding space of the fire. Assuming that standard conditions prevail in the surrounding space, approximately 198 m 3 Extinguishing gas must be provided.

[0063] Under the premise that it is sufficient to reduce the oxygen content in the surrounding space to below 15 vol.% in order to effectively fight the fire, in particular to extinguish it, 1 m 3 Extinguishing capsules a fire in a large room of about 600 m 3 Such extinguishing capsules can be easily transported to and into the fire. For example, they can be blown, thrown, or pumped to the fire (see Fig. 7).

[0064] In the various fire-fighting devices 1 described here, the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 or other opening structures (not shown in detail), such as material weakenings in a hollow body 5, can be punched, lasered or drilled.

[0065] The production of such hollow bodies 5, in particular capsules or spherical bodies 50, can be achieved using various manufacturing processes. For example, a hollow body 5 can be formed from two half-shells. The half-shells can be made of a metal material with a predetermined wall thickness. The half-shells can be partially or completely coated on the inside with the molten material. The molten material can be arranged in the internal volume defined by the half-shells.

[0066] To manufacture the firefighting device, wall material in solid or liquefied form can be placed into a half-shell. If the wall material is liquid in the half-shell, the half-shell can be rotated to position the wall material there. For example, the rotation can be performed in such a way that one hemisphere is covered with the molten wall material, preferably metal, in particular steel or aluminum. The hemisphere can then be cooled. Another half-shell can be cast, for example by rotating the mold by 180°. 0is rotated. This half-shell is then heated to melt or soften the wall material. Centrifugation can be used to ensure that the wall material evenly covers the inside of the second hemisphere. By adjusting the temperature at the contact surface, or figuratively speaking at the equator, so that both wall material hemispheres melt slightly, a stable, closed metal sphere can be produced as a hollow spherical body 50 with an opening structure realized as a weakened material. In another method for producing a hollow body 5, in particular a hollow sphere 50, the wall material or melting material is melted in two hemispheres placed on top of one another to form the hollow body 5. The hemispheres are then moved in a circle with the center of the circle running outside the center of gravity of the sphere.This ensures that the molten melt material or wall material evenly wets the two hemispheres in a narrow, strip-like layer and gradually covers the entire hemispheres on the inside through continuous rotation of the two hemispheres. Such wetting, preferably even, can also be achieved by continuous pivoting. By adjusting the temperature of the half-shells, it is possible to determine how much wall material or melt material solidifies on the inner surface of the hollow spheres and thereby forms the desired spherical body. During the manufacturing process, a uniform product result can be achieved by adjusting the pivoting or rotation speed, the path guidance, and the temperature profile.

[0067] According to another alternative, the fire-fighting device with the at least one pressure vessel, wherein the internal volume of the hollow body 5, which is preferably a tubular body 51, is filled, can firstly be provided with a closure body inserted into an open, in particular axial, end of the hollow body 5, in particular of the tubular body 51. The closure body is preferably shaped to match the internal cross-sectional width of the hollow body. In this case, the closure body can be slightly smaller in relation to the internal cross-sectional width. For example, the closure body can be adapted to the internal cross-sectional width according to a sliding or clearance fit. Subsequently, the hollow body 5, in particular the tubular body 51, is deformed to form a hollow body deformation, so that the closure body closes the internal volume, wherein the closure body is held in place by the hollow body deformation, for example, a constriction.The internal volume can be filled with the extinguishing gas, extinguishing gas mixture, or gas mix before the hollow body is deformed in order to adjust the supply pressure in the internal volume. In another variant, in which the hollow body deformation only fixes the closure body on one side with respect to the hollow body in the sense of a loss protection, it is conceivable to fill the internal volume with the extinguishing gas, extinguishing gas mixture, or gas mix through the hollow body deformation and past the closure body in order to adjust the supply pressure in the internal volume. If, in this variant, the pressure is reduced on the outside of the hollow body deformation at the end of the filling process, the supply pressure in the internal volume forces the closure body tightly against the hollow body deformation.The extinguishing gas can be introduced into the interior, in particular during the pressure vessel manufacture and / or before the insertion of a closure body, by carrying out the manufacturing steps in an extinguishing gas atmosphere with appropriate pressure.

[0068] Alternatively, it is conceivable to form a device 1 with a hollow body 5 having at least one or more opening structures, such as a material weakening, formed integrally with the strip material of the hollow body 5. The opening structure is designed and configured to yield, for example, to tear open, when a threshold pressure or a melting temperature is reached or exceeded, and thus to form an extinguishing gas discharge opening for discharging extinguishing gas 2 from the internal volume of the pressure vessel 3 (not shown in detail). The moment of tearing open can be determined by the design of the opening structure, for example, the extent of the material thinning, such as an engraving.Firefighting devices, for example comprising a hollow body designed as a spherical body 50 or a tubular body 51, can be manufactured in a particularly simple, uniform manner in this way, with the opening structure being designed in a processing step using a reader or other engraving system. This allows the size or shape of the extinguishing gas discharge opening to be formed to be determined.

[0069] Alternatively, half-shells for forming a hollow body 5, such as a spherical body 50, can be formed from sheet metal, for example by pressing and / or punching. The half-shells can then be joined together, for example by welding, soldering, melting, or the like. Other manufacturing processes are also conceivable.

[0070] Hollow spheres 50 can be equipped with extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 after their manufacture.

[0071] In principle, it is conceivable that firefighting devices 1 can be reused after their use. After a single use, the pressure vessels 3 can be refilled, and the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 can be resealed with meltable material to form a closure body 7. This is both ecologically and economically advantageous, for example, when the production of the pressure vessels 3 is more complex and therefore more costly than the provision of the extinguishing gas 2 itself.

[0072] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of a fire-fighting device 1 in which the pressure vessel 3 has a hollow body 5 in the form of a tubular body 51. The tubular body 51 has a substantially circular cross-section (cylindrical cross-section) that is significantly smaller than the tube length (cylinder length). For example, the cylinder cross-section can be approximately 3 mm and the cylinder length approximately 30 mm. The tubular body 51 is sealed at a first end, wherein the first end can be formed integrally with the hollow cylindrical part of the tubular body 51. At the opposite second end of the tubular body 51, an extinguishing gas discharge opening 31 is provided, which is closed by a closure body 7.

[0073] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a fire-fighting device 1 with a pressure vessel 3, which has a hollow body 5 in the form of a tubular body 51, which has an extinguishing gas discharge opening 31 at each of the two ends opposite in the axial direction, which is occupied by a closure body 7.

[0074] A further embodiment of a firefighting device 1 with a pressure vessel 3, which has a hollow body 5 in the form of a tubular body 51, is shown in Figures 4a and 4b. Figure 4a shows the tubular body 51a in a passive state, in which the interior volume is closed by a closure body 7. Figure 4b shows a firefighting device 1 whose extinguishing gas discharge opening 31 is open, so that extinguishing gas can escape from the interior volume of the tubular body 51. To avoid repetition, reference is made to the above explanations regarding Figures 1a and 1b.

[0075] Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a firefighting device 1 with a spiral-cylindrical hollow body 5. The tubular body 51 is wound around a central spiral axis. The extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 at the opposite ends of the spiral-shaped tubular body 51 are oriented transversely to the spiral axis, causing a rotational movement of the hollow body 5 when extinguishing gas is discharged.

[0076] Figure 6 shows an embodiment of a firefighting device 1 with several spiral-cylindrical hollow bodies 5 according to Figure 5, which are connected to one another by a wire 6 or the like. The wire 6 can be oriented along the spiral axis. The wire 6 can serve to conduct heat to the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 in order to melt the closure bodies 7 arranged there in the event of fire-related heat development.

[0077] The firefighting device 1 according to Figures 2 to 6 with a pressure vessel 3 in the form of a tubular body 51 can be referred to as a fire extinguisher. The firefighting devices 1 can be stored like a hand-held fire extinguisher near fire-hazardous areas, for example in baskets. It is also conceivable to transport the firefighting devices 1 to a fire using a transport vehicle. For example, with a loading volume of 200 m 3 (2 m wide, 2 m high, and 6 m long) must be equipped with firefighting equipment 1 to transport extinguishing gas at a supply pressure of 300 bar. Under standard conditions, the firefighting equipment transported in this way can cover a volume of approximately 60,000 m 3 extinguishing gas.

[0078] Figure 7 shows a deployment device 20 for firefighting device 1. The deployment device 20 can be implemented as a launcher, with the aid of which the firefighting device 1 can be launched from a safe distance to the source of the fire. At the scene of the incident, a launcher or other deployment device 20 can convey the firefighting device 1 to the source of the fire, for example, through a pipe or hose, e.g., by blowing, flinging, or pumping. A pipe or hose can be long and can be flexibly carried close to the source of the fire, for example, with the aid of gripping arms.

[0079] To drive the firefighting devices 1, pneumatics 22 can be used, which provide a drive flow. For example, a launcher 20 can draw firefighting devices 1 from a magazine 21 according to the principle of a water jet pump and move them with a drive flow. The pneumatic drive flow can convey the firefighting devices 1 to the source of the fire. For example, pure nitrogen can preferably be used to blow out the firefighting devices 1. Nitrogen can be provided from the air at the scene, for example, by oxygen reduction systems. Alternatively, a deployment device 20 can comprise a linear motor or the like for driving the firefighting devices 1. An ejection system 20 with a drive system that accelerates the firefighting devices 1 via their magnetic properties is also conceivable.

[0080] It can also be useful to throw extinguishing capsules or other firefighting devices 1 into burning buildings or cars. By placing firefighting devices 1 into buildings, cars, or other spaces, they can expel fire gases from there. This can also prevent the fire from spreading. It is very advantageous that the small pressure vessels only release the extinguishing gas when the ambient temperature is hot enough, and then the fusible material no longer blocks the opening 31. If firefighting devices 1, particularly in the form of capsules or spherical bodies 50 or extinguishing tubes 51, are to be delivered to the source of a fire, thousands of similar pressure vessels 3 can be provided.The individual pressure vessels 3, for example, with a tubular hollow body 5, can have an inner diameter of just a few millimeters, for example, 4 mm, and a length of just a few centimeters, for example, 8 cm. The internal volume can contain, for example, 1 ml of extinguishing gas at 300 bar, thus providing 300 ml under standard conditions. Since only a 5% reduction in the oxygen content in the air needs to be achieved, approximately 1000 ml of effective extinguishing gas can be transported per extinguishing tube 51. The very thin extinguishing tubes 51 are lightweight. They can weigh no more than 5 g, for example.

[0081] The firefighting device 1 depicted in Figure 8 is implemented as an extinguishing block 401 with an edge length of 50 cm. It is conceivable that the extinguishing block 401 may have a different edge length, for example, an edge length of more than 50 cm, in particular more than 100 cm, preferably an edge length of 200 cm or more. The extinguishing block 401 has a supply pressure of 30 MPa and can withstand approximately 30 m 3 Release extinguishing gas. If one assumes that the oxygen concentration in the air must be sufficiently diluted from an initial level of approximately 20 vol.% to approximately 15 vol.% for fire fighting, then such an extinguishing block 401 can ensure reliable fire fighting up to 30 m 3 large rooms (for example a room with a ceiling height of 2 m and a width and length of 7 m each).

[0082] Figure 9 shows a fire-fighting device 1 comprising several rigidly connected, spiral-cylindrical hollow bodies 5, which can be referred to as an extinguishing coil 501. The individual hollow bodies 5 each have a diameter of approximately 4 mm. The extinguishing coil 501 has a height of approximately 5 cm and a total diameter of approximately 1 cm. The individual hollow bodies 5 each accommodate a volume of approximately 2 ml of extinguishing gas at 300 bar, which, when released under standard conditions, provides approximately 600 ml of extinguishing gas. If the extinguishing coil 501 contains oxygen-free extinguishing gas and a reduction in the oxygen concentration of approximately 25% is required to fight the fire, the effective extinguishing volume of the extinguishing coil is just under 2 l and is thus significantly greater than the released extinguishing gas volume.With such an extinguishing block 401 or such an extinguishing coil 501, even incipient fires in enclosed spaces can be prevented from developing and / or spreading, particularly by means of inert extinguishing gases. Deploying firefighting devices according to the invention is particularly effective, especially in larger fires with a central fire source near the ground, such as a burning oil drum or a burning oil slick.

[0083] In the extinguishing coil 501, as well as in the extinguishing block 401, numerous hollow bodies 5 surround separate pressure vessels 3. The pressure vessels 3 thus shield each other.

[0084] It is particularly useful to place it where the air is drawn into the fire source. Coloring the extinguishing gas can help determine the best location for extinguishing a fire, preferably with oxygen-free extinguishing gas.

[0085] The use of several interconnected pressure vessels 3 which together form a fire-fighting device 1, such as an extinguishing block 401 or an extinguishing coil 501, can be placed, for example, in a garage. Motor vehicles with internal combustion engines or motor vehicles with other drive technology, such as an electric vehicle with a hybrid engine, fuel cell, or traction battery, can be arranged in such garages. Alternatively, an e-bike or similar vehicle can be located in such a garage. If a technical defect causes a fire with heat development, the closure bodies 7 of the fire-fighting device 1 of the extinguishing block 401 or the extinguishing coil melt. The extinguishing gas can then escape from the numerous hollow bodies 5. Extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 of individual or all pressure vessels 3 of such a device 1 can be designed and configured to emit noises when extinguishing gas escapes.These can act as an acoustic fire alarm. Sounds or dyes can help to observe the fire's development and to determine whether additional extinguishing agents, in particular extinguishing gases 2 provided by additional fire-fighting devices 1, are required. If a fire is confined to a closed or lockable room, such as a garage, extinguishing can be carried out by introducing additional fire-fighting devices 1 and the room can otherwise be sealed as tightly as possible. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable to place fire-fighting devices 1 in the vicinity of a fire, which would be activated immediately if the fire spreads. Figure 10 shows an exemplary piece of furniture 101 in the form of a sofa with a plurality of integrated fire-fighting devices 1.Figure 11 shows another exemplary piece of furniture in the form of a paper bin 103, which is formed with or by one or more fire protection devices 1.

[0086] Figure 12 shows a firefighting device 1 with a reservoir 9 for extinguishing gas 2. As shown, the reservoir 9 can be fluidly connected to a hollow body 5, which is implemented here as a tubular body 51. The tubular body 51 has a plurality of extinguishing gas discharge openings 31, each of which is covered by a respective closure body 7.

[0087] Alternatively, a reservoir 9 (not shown in detail) can be connected to a plurality of hollow bodies 5, each having one or more extinguishing gas discharge openings 31. Such a reservoir 9 can be referred to as a cartridge and, for example, implemented by a conventional compressed gas container. For example, hollow bodies 5 oriented in different directions can be provided with respective extinguishing gas discharge openings 31, which close the reservoir (the cartridge) like a lid. When the closure bodies 7 no longer close the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31 oriented in different directions, the extinguishing gas can escape evenly in different directions.

[0088] The reservoir 9 can be filled with or can be filled with an extinguishing gas 2 or a gas mix containing an extinguishing gas.

[0089] Figure 13 shows an exemplary motor vehicle 301 with numerous integrated firefighting devices 1. Figure 14 shows another exemplary motor vehicle 301 with an integrated firefighting device 1, which includes a cartridge 9 that can be filled with extinguishing gas 2 or a gas mix containing extinguishing gas 2.

[0090] For firefighting in vehicles 301, 303, firefighting devices 1 can be preventively integrated during the construction of the vehicle 301, for example in wall structures of the doors, seats, in the engine compartment, around the fuel tank, in the area of ​​a fuel cell, a hydrogen tank, and / or a traction battery.

[0091] Figures 15 and 16 show exemplary representations of a motor vehicle 301 or 303 in the event of a fire. In the event of a fire, the closure bodies 7 melt and thus open the extinguishing gas discharge openings 31, so that extinguishing gas 2 is released. This prevents a vehicle fire from spreading throughout an entire vehicle. The released extinguishing gas 2 forces dangerous fire gases 4 out of the vehicle 301, 303. When using extinguishing gas in a vehicle 301, 303, it is expedient to use a gas mix that contains traces of oxygen, approximately 10% oxygen, in addition to extinguishing gas 2, in order not to endanger persons in a vehicle cabin or other essentially enclosed space.

[0092] Should an accident result in the unintentional opening of firefighting devices 1, this is not a problem but rather desirable. In particular, it can prevent potential fires. From individual firefighting devices 1, for example, with individual pressure vessels 3 whose respective hollow bodies 5 are formed by tubular bodies 51 and / or spherical bodies 50, the extinguishing gas 2 escapes in a decelerated manner rather than explosively.

[0093] It can be particularly useful to provide firefighting devices 1 for preventive fire protection, for example, in rooms that require protection. The firefighting devices 1 can be mounted or stored, for example, in building structures or in a motor vehicle 301, 303. In this way, in the event of a fire, they can extinguish it immediately through the escaping extinguishing gas.

[0094] The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description and claims may be essential both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

[0095] List of reference symbols

[0096] 1 Firefighting device

[0097] 2 extinguishing gas

[0098] 3 pressure vessels

[0099] 4 Fire gas

[0100] 5 hollow bodies

[0101] 6 wire

[0102] 7 locking body

[0103] 9 Reservoir

[0104] 20 Application device

[0105] 21 Magazine

[0106] 22 Pneumatics

[0107] 31 Extinguishing gas discharge opening

[0108] 50 spherical bodies

[0109] 51 pipe body

[0110] 101, 103 piece of furniture

[0111] 201 Electronic component

[0112] 301, 303 Motor vehicle

[0113] 401 Erasing block

[0114] 501 extinguishing spiral

Claims

Device (1) for fire fighting, comprising at least one pressure vessel (3) filled or fillable with an extinguishing gas (2), wherein the pressure vessel (3) comprises: an internal volume which is filled or fillable with an extinguishing gas (2) at a supply pressure of at least 1 MPa and not more than 70 MPa, a hollow body (5) limiting the internal volume with an internal cross-sectional width of not more than 8 mm, in particular not more than 6.5 mm, preferably not more than 5 mm, in particular not more than 3 mm, at least one extinguishing gas discharge opening (31) for discharge of the extinguishing gas from the internal volume with an opening area of ​​not more than 5 mm² 2 , in particular not more than 2.5 mm 2 , preferably not more than 1 mm 2, and a closure body (7) covering the extinguishing gas discharge opening (31), wherein the closure body (7) comprises or consists of a material with a melting point of not less than 50°C and not more than 300°C. Device (1) according to claim 1, comprising several extinguishing gas discharge openings (31), each of which is covered with a closure body (7). Device (1) for firefighting, comprising at least one pressure vessel (3) filled with an extinguishing gas (2), wherein the pressure vessel (3) comprises: an internal volume filled with an extinguishing gas (2) at a storage pressure of at least 1 MPa and not more than 70 MPa, a hollow body (5) limiting the internal volume with an internal cross-sectional width of not more than 5 mm, in particular not more than 3 mm, and an opening structure formed materially with the hollow body (5), such as a material weakening of the hollow body (5).Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the hollow body (5) is realized as a tubular body (51) and has a cylinder length of not less than 10 mm. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein. the at least one extinguishing gas discharge opening (31) is oriented transversely, preferably tangentially, to a radial and / or axial direction of the hollow body (5), in particular the tube body (51). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one magnetizable, preferably magnetic or paramagnetic, metal component. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one fixative with a melting or sublimation temperature of not less than 50°C and not more than 300°C and at least one marking bound in the fixative, comprising an odorant and / or a dye. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the extinguishing gas (2) consists of at least one gaseous and fire-inert gas or gas mixture under standard conditions, preferably comprising or consisting of argon, carbon dioxide, or nitrogen.Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the extinguishing gas (2) comprises at least 0.01 vol% and not more than 10 vol% odorant. Device (1) for fire fighting according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the extinguishing gas (2) comprises at least 0.01 vol% and not more than 10 vol% dye. Device (1) for fire fighting according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a plurality of pressure vessels (3). Device (1) according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of pressure vessels (3) are connected to one another, preferably rigidly. Device (1) according to claim 12, wherein the internal volumes of the interconnected pressure vessels (3) are fluidically separated from one another. Device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the internal volumes of the plurality of pressure vessels (3) communicate fluidically with one another. Device according to claim 14, further comprising a common line for dispensing extinguishing gas, wherein the common line communicates fluidically with the multiple pressure vessels. Device (1) for fire suppression according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one reservoir body (9) communicating fluidically with the pressure vessel (3), in particular with an internal volume of several liters. Device (1) according to claim 16, wherein the internal volume is filled or fillable with the extinguishing gas (2) at the supply pressure. Device (1) according to claim 16, wherein the internal volume (90) is filled with a gas mixture comprising extinguishing gas (2) and at least 8% by volume of oxygen.Device (1) according to one of claims 16 to 18, further comprising at least one sensor device designed and configured to detect the presence or absence of at least one person, in particular in the effective area of ​​the device (1), wherein the sensor device is further designed and configured to deactivate a reservoir body (9) filled only with extinguishing gas (2) and / or to activate a reservoir body (9) filled with a gas mixture when at least one person is present, and / or to activate a reservoir body (9) filled only with extinguishing gas (2) and / or to deactivate a reservoir body (9) filled with a gas mixture when at least one person is absent. Furniture (101, 103) comprising at least one device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19. Electronic component (201) comprising at least one device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19. Motor vehicle (301) comprising at least one device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19. Fire-resistant clothing comprising at least one device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19. Structural structure comprising at least one device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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