Carding machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a carding machine comprising an inlet side for fibre flocks, wherein the carding machine is designed to feed the fibre flocks to a rotating drum (4) by means of at least one licker-in (3a, 3b, 3c), wherein the fibre flocks are broken up to form the individual fibre, aligned and cleaned between fixed carding elements and circulating flat bars (17) and the drum (4), and the resulting fibrous web can be transferred from the drum (4) onto a doffer (5), downstream of which a device for converting the fibrous web to a sliver is arranged. The invention is characterised in that a first and a second suction device (20, 21) are designed to completely suction the usable and non-usable fibres and fibre constituents separately from one another at all suctionable work stations of the carding machine.

Description

[0001] Title: Teasel

[0002] Description

[0003] The present invention relates to a carding machine according to the preamble of claim 1, having an inlet side for fiber tufts, wherein the carding machine is designed to feed the fiber tufts to a rotating drum by means of at least one licker-in. On the drum, the fiber tufts are opened up to the individual fibers between fixed carding elements and rotating flat bars, aligned, and cleaned. The resulting fiber web is transferred from the drum to a doffer, which is followed by a device for converting the fiber web into a fiber sliver.

[0004] According to the state of the art, suction devices are known on revolving flat cards in which waste and short fibers are sucked away at the work stations. Work stations include the licker-in rollers, the carding surfaces on the drum, the revolving flat, the doffer and the sliver formation areas. The suction devices can be designed as tubular suction hoods, which usually extend across the working width of the card and are subjected to negative pressure via a central suction line in the spinning preparation. A distinction is made between waste that predominantly contains non-fibers, such as dust, husk parts and trash, and waste that contains fibers. The waste in the entrance area of ​​the card in the direction of the material flow, i.e. in the area of ​​the licker-in, contains more dirty and heavy non-fiber components such as husk residues, dust and trash.The suction devices on the rotating revolving flat and on the doffer side remove predominantly clean fibrous waste, which the spinning mill operator would like to reuse. The predominantly non-fibrous waste can also be further processed and recycled, but this requires considerable effort and results in low efficiency, and is therefore not used by most spinning mill operators. In the following, this predominantly non-fibrous waste is referred to as non-recyclable fibers and fiber components to distinguish it from recyclable fibers and fiber components without further explanation.

[0005] It is also known that individual extraction areas can be operated separately from the central extraction system, i.e., a separate licker-in extraction system or a separate extraction system for the revolving flat area are operated separately from the other extraction devices. By removing the waste separately, for example, at the licker-in, the remaining card waste is of a higher percentage of quality and can therefore be recycled by the customer. However, this does not achieve complete separation of waste types.

[0006] In a known device (EP 0 750 059), the waste in the licker-in area is not continuously removed, but falls into a collection box located below the licker-in and is periodically removed from it. This eliminates the need for permanent suction in the licker-in area. Intermittent emptying of the collection box limits the suction effect in the licker-in area to an extremely short time, which no longer has a significant impact on the loss of good fibers. However, continuous suction must be provided at the suctioned areas provided in the carding machine.In a carding machine in which the negative pressure generated by a central suction system is applied to the cleaning points via a collecting line, the waste collected in the collecting box is emptied by temporarily controlling a valve via a transfer line connecting the collecting box to the collecting line and the collecting line. The valve maintains a reduced negative pressure at the cleaning points while the collecting box is emptied. The pressure at all cleaning points of the main cylinder is reduced by the same amount, and only for a short time. In contrast, the cleaning points are almost always fully vacuumed over time. The disadvantage, therefore, is the large total amount of air required for waste disposal. This problem is even greater when the number of cleaning points increases with increasing demands on production and quality.The amount of air required for waste disposal continues to increase, resulting in high energy consumption and thus higher operating costs.

[0007] DE10143671 discloses a carding machine with an extraction device in which groups of extraction points are combined. These groups of extraction points can be either partially or fully extracted, which can reduce the total amount of air required. Partial extraction allows the required waste to be extracted from the work area. However, partial extraction is not sufficient for the extraction into the central extraction point of the spinning preparation. For this purpose, a periodic switch is made from partial extraction to full extraction and back to completely remove the waste from the carding machine.

[0008] The disadvantage of this state of the art is that, on the one hand, the required amount of air is too large and, on the other hand, there is no sufficient separation between the dirt and the recyclable fibers.

[0009] Accordingly, the invention is based on the object of developing a carding machine in such a way that the suction power is reduced and an efficient separation is carried out between the predominantly cleaned dirt, i.e. the non-recyclable fibers and fiber components, and the recyclable fibers.

[0010] The invention solves the stated problem by a system having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0011] The invention relates to a carding machine with an inlet side for fiber tufts, wherein the carding machine is designed to feed the fiber tufts to a rotating drum by means of at least one licker-in. On the drum, the fiber tufts are opened down to the individual fibers between fixed carding elements and rotating flat bars, aligned, and cleaned. The resulting fiber web is transferred from the drum to a doffer, which is followed by a device for converting the fiber web into a fiber sliver.

[0012] The invention includes the technical teaching that the carding machine has a first and a second suction device designed to completely suction the usable and non-usable fibers and fiber components separately from one another at all suction-capable work stations of the carding machine. Spinning mill operators can thereby completely recycle their usable fibers and fiber components and feed them separately from the non-usable fibers and fiber components, for example, to an upstream blowroom machine. In contrast to the prior art, a complete separation of the usable and non-usable fibers and fiber components takes place at all suction-capable work stations of the carding machine. For example, depending on the carding machine settings and the cotton quality being processed, spinning mill operators can recycle up to 3.5% of the total processed fiber quantity, thereby reducing costs and increasing productivity.The percentages used here refer to a measurement with Turkish cotton, which is processed into a sliver at a speed of 170 m / min and a card productivity of 50.2 kg / h.

[0013] Work stations include, for example, the transfer points between the fibers from one roller to the next, the carding points between the carding elements and the drum, the separation elements such as knives or edges, and the cleaning devices on the revolving flat and the stripping roller. Extraction at these work stations is typically achieved by means of extraction hoods that extend across the working width of the card.

[0014] Because the first suction device is designed to extract at least the usable fibers and fiber components from the extractable work areas of the main carding zone, the post-carding zone, and the doffer area, almost 98% of all usable fibers and fiber components that accrue on the card after the licker-in and after the pre-carding zone can be recycled. Additionally, the floor beneath the drum and the hopper for forming the fiber sliver after the doffer can also be equipped with a suction system, and the usable fibers and fiber components can be extracted there. At these two work areas, the accumulation of fibers is very low compared to the main carding zone, the post-carding zone, and the cleaning roller on the doffer's stripping roller. In particular, not every carding type has a removal device for the floor beneath the drum.

[0015] The first suction device comprises at least the cleaning device suction, the revolving flat suction, the post-carding zone suction and the stripping roller suction, wherein the suction devices can be designed in the form of hoods that extend over the entire working width of the card.

[0016] In addition, the first suction device can comprise the hopper suction and / or the drum bottom suction if the carding design provides for these work stations.

[0017] The second extraction device is designed to extract the unusable fibers and fiber components from the extractable work stations in the area of ​​the licker-in and the pre-carding zone. This allows, for example, up to 5.6% of the total processed fiber volume to be extracted as dust, husk particles, and trash, so that almost exclusively usable fibers and fiber components are generated at the downstream work stations. The total percentage of usable and unusable fibers and fiber components extracted and separated from one another depends heavily on the carding settings and the processed cotton quality.

[0018] The second suction device comprises at least the upper pre-carding zone suction, the pre-carding zone suction, and the licker-in suction. These suction devices can also be designed as suction hoods that extend across the entire working width of the card.

[0019] The first and second extraction devices can be designed to be continuously fully vacuumed at a negative pressure of 500–800 Pascal. Unlike the prior art, this full vacuum allows for continuous cleaning of the work areas.

[0020] Because the first and second suction devices are designed to direct the extracted fibers and non-recyclable fiber components either to separate collecting devices, filters or condensers or to a common collecting device, filter or condenser, the spinning mill operator can flexibly decide whether he wishes to further utilize the recyclable fibers and fiber components.

[0021] Advantageously, the first suction device is designed to feed the recyclable fibers and fiber components to a mixer or cleaner in the blowroom upstream of the carding machine. This creates a cycle in which the separated recyclable fibers are directly fed for further processing. Overall, the amount of waste is reduced.

[0022] Further measures improving the invention are described in more detail below together with the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.

[0023] They show:

[0024] Figure 1: a side view of a schematically illustrated carding machine according to the

[0025] State of the art;

[0026] Figure 2: a schematically illustrated card with the inventive

[0027] Suction device.

[0028] Fig. 1 shows a prior art carding machine in which fiber tufts are guided via a chute to a feed roller 1, a feed table 2, via several licker-in rollers 3a, 3b, 3c, to the drum 4 or the reel tambour. On the drum 4, the fibers of the fiber tufts are parallelized and cleaned by means of fixed and rotating carding elements 14, 17. The pre-carding zone is formed by the fixed carding elements 14 between the licker-in rollers 3a - 3c and the revolving flat 16. The main carding zone is formed by the rotating flat bars 17 of the revolving flat 16. The post-carding zone is formed by the fixed carding elements 14, which are arranged between the revolving flat 16 and the doffer 5. In the pre- and post-carding zone, suction hoods 18 are arranged between the fixed carding elements 14, which interact with knives, clothings or other separation elements.The resulting fiber web is then conveyed via a doffer 5, a stripping roller 6, and several squeezing rollers 8, 9 to a nonwoven guide element 10, which forms the fiber web with a funnel 11 into a fiber sliver, which is transferred via take-off rollers 12, 13 to a downstream processing machine or a can 15. The removal of the fibers from the doffer 5 is assisted by a nonwoven guide profile 7, which is arranged below the stripping roller 6. A cleaning roller 6a is arranged above the stripping roller 6, with which fiber residues are removed from the stripping roller 6 and fed to a suction device (not further designated).

[0029] Figure 2 shows a side view of the carding machine's working elements with two separate suction devices. A first suction device 20 exclusively sucks fiber-containing and recyclable waste from the carding machine's working areas. It comprises a suction device 20a on the flat stripping hood, i.e., the cleaning device 19, with which the fibers are removed from the rotating flat bars 17. Another revolving flat suction device 20b is arranged in the area of ​​the revolving flat 16 opposite the cleaning device 19, on the deflection device for the flat bars 17, before the clothings of the flat bars 17 interact again with the clothing of the drum 4. In the area of ​​the post-carding zone, further suction devices 20c are arranged, which remove the fibers from the suction hoods 18. The suction stripping roller 20d removes the fibers of the cleaning roller 6a, which cleans the stripping roller 6 of the pickup 5.Below the drum 4, a further suction system, drum base 20f, can be arranged, with which the fibers below the drum 4 are suctioned away. A suction pipe, funnel 20e, is designed to connect to and suction away the area of ​​the funnel 11 with a pipe (not shown). According to the invention, the first suction system 20 is designed to suction away the fibers from the area of ​​the main carding zone, i.e., the rotating revolving flat 16, the post-carding zone with the fixed carding elements 14, the area of ​​the doffer 4, and the drum base 20f, and to supply them separately for further utilization. The cross-section of the first suction system 20 increases continuously from the area of ​​the drum base to above the revolving flat 16.

[0030] The second suction system 21 is designed to suction off predominantly non-recyclable fiber components, i.e., dust, husk parts, and trash, and is operated and suctioned independently of the first suction system 20. It exclusively encompasses the areas of the licker-in 3a-3c with a licker-in suction system 21c, the pre-carding zone with at least one or more suction systems in the pre-carding zone 21b, and the suction system in the upper pre-carding zone 21a.

[0031] For example, in a carding machine, the second extraction 21 with an exhaust air volume of 1900m 3 / h, whereby a total of 5.6% of the total processed fibre quantity of 100kg / h is extracted from the extraction points 21a, 21b and 21c as non-recyclable fibres and fibre components in the form of dust, shell parts and trash.

[0032] The first extraction device 20 is simultaneously operated with an exhaust air volume of 2300m 3 / h, with a total of 3.5% of “clean” waste of the total processed fiber quantity of 100 kg / h being extracted as recyclable fibers separately by the second suction device 21. Around 2% of the card production is accounted for by the suction of the cleaning device 20a, and 1.5% of the card production is accounted for by the suction of the post-carding zone 20c and the suction of the stripping roller 20d. The amount of fiber from the suction of the drum base 20f and the area of ​​the hopper 20e is negligible. The percentage data used here refer to a measurement with Turkish cotton on a TC23 card, in which the cotton flakes are processed into a fiber sliver at a speed of 170 m / min and a card productivity of 50.2 kg / h. Overall, the waste amounted to 9.3% of the processed fiber quantity.

[0033] Both extraction devices 20, 21 are operated in conjunction with the central exhaust air duct of the spinning preparation process at a negative pressure of 500-800 Pascal. This ensures continuous full extraction at all extraction points. The air streams from the extraction devices 20, 21 are fed to separate filters or condensers. The usable fibers from the extraction device 20 can, for example, be fed to blowroom machines in the spinning preparation process, such as mixers or cleaners, or can be collected separately and further recycled. The invention provides for separate extraction between all usable fibers and fiber components and all non-usable fibers and fiber components. The customer can decide whether to return the usable fibers and fiber components to the spinning preparation process.If this is not done, it is intended to connect the first suction device 20 to the second suction device 21 by connecting the funnels of the suction devices 20, 21 and leading them together with the suction pipe of the spinning preparation to a common filter.

[0034] Reference symbol

[0035] 1 feed roller

[0036] 2 dining tables

[0037] 3a, b, c licker-ahead

[0038] 4 drums

[0039] 5 customers

[0040] 5a set

[0041] 6 scraper roller

[0042] 6a cleaning roller

[0043] 7 Fleece guide profile

[0044] 8 Squeeze roller

[0045] 9 Squeeze roller

[0046] 10 fleece guide element

[0047] 11 T funnel

[0048] 12 Take-off roller

[0049] 13 Take-off roller

[0050] 14 Fixed carding element

[0051] 15 cans

[0052] 16 revolving lids

[0053] 17 Flat bar

[0054] 18 Extractor hood

[0055] 19 Cleaning device

[0056] 20 first suction device

[0057] 20a Extraction cleaning device

[0058] 20b Extraction revolving lid

[0059] 20c Suction post-carding zone

[0060] 20d suction stripping roller

[0061] 20e suction pipe funnel

[0062] 20f Extraction drum bottom

[0063] 21 second suction device

[0064] 21a Suction upper pre-carding zone

[0065] 21b Suction pre-carding zone

[0066] 21c Suction licker-in

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 6 June 2023 (06.06.2023) Carding machine with an inlet side for fiber flakes, wherein the carding machine is configured to feed the fiber flakes to a rotating drum (4) by means of at least one pre-tearer (3a, 3b, 3c), wherein the fiber flakes are to be broken down, aligned and cleaned to the individual fiber between fixed carding elements (14) and circulating cover bars (17) and the drum (4), and the resulting fiber sliver can be transferred from the drum (4) to a take-up device (5), to which a device for converting the fiber sliver into a fiber ribbon is arranged, comprising a main carding zone formed by the circulating cover bars (17) of a traveling cover (16), and a post-carding zone formed by fixed carding elements (14) arranged between the traveling cover (16) and the take-up device (5), wherein the carding machine has a first and a second suction device (20, 21) which are designed toto completely extract the usable and non-usable fibers and fiber components separately from each other at all extractable work areas of the carding machine, characterized in that the first extraction device (20) is designed to extract at least the usable fibers and fiber components from the extractable work areas of the main carding zone, the post-carding zone and from the area of ​​the take-up device (5), wherein the first extraction device (20) comprises at least one extraction device for the cleaning device (20a), one extraction device for the moving cover (20b), one extraction device for the post-carding zone (20c) and one extraction device for the stripper roller (20d). Carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the second extraction device (21) is designed to extract the non-usable fibers and fiber components from the extractable work areas in the area of ​​the pre-tearer (3a - 3c) and a pre-carding zone. Carding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the first extraction device, (20) additionally comprises a suction funnel (20e) and / or a suction drum bottom (20f). Carding according to claim 2, characterized in that the second suction device (21) at least comprising the suction of the upper pre-carding zone (21a), the suction of the pre-carding zone (21b), and the suction of the pre-tearer (21c). Carding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second suction devices (20, 21) are designed to be continuously fully suctioned with a negative pressure of 500–800 Pascals. 12 AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) Carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second suction devices (20, 21) are each connected to separate filters or condensers to direct the extracted fibers and non-recyclable fiber components to separate collection devices, filters, or condensers, or that the hoppers of the suction devices (20, 21) are connected to each other to direct the extracted fibers and non-recyclable fiber components to a common collection device, filter, or condenser. Carding machine according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the first suction device (20) is configured to feed the recyclable fibers and fiber components to a mixer or cleaner in the cleaning unit upstream of the carding machine.

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