Method for the open-loop and / or closed-loop control of a heating system for heating at least one space and heating system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the open-loop and / or closed-loop control of a heating system for heating at least one space, comprising a pipeline network with dynamically changeable system resistance, at least one heat source that heats the heating medium in the pipeline network to a defined flow temperature, and at least one circulation pump for circulating the heating medium within the pipeline network, wherein a heating controller is provided which controls the target flow temperature in an open-loop and / or closed-loop manner according to at least one parameter set, characterised in that at least one feedback device is provided, wherein a feedback signal relating to the achieved temperature in the space can be transmitted to the heating controller via said feedback device and the heating controller adjusts the target flow temperature according to the received feedback signal.

Description

[0001] Method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system for heating at least one room and heating system

[0002] The invention relates to a method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system for heating at least one room, comprising a piping network with dynamically variable system resistance, at least one heat source that heats the heating medium in the piping network to a defined flow temperature, and at least one circulation pump for circulating the heating medium within the piping network, wherein a heating control is provided that controls or regulates the target flow temperature depending on at least one parameter.

[0003] Living spaces or other buildings are typically heated by a central heating system. A heat source, particularly a boiler, heats the medium circulating in the piping network to a specific flow temperature. After flowing through the radiators, which are controlled by thermostatic valves, it is then pumped back to the heat source via the return line. A circulation pump provides the flow.

[0004] The target flow or return temperature of the central heating system is set by the heating control system, although setting the flow temperature based on the outside temperature has proven to be effective in practice. The heating control system typically receives the current outside temperature via a sensor signal, which serves as an indicator of the expected heat demand of the area to be heated. The heating control system receives the target value for the flow or return temperature from the stored heating curve, which specifies the corresponding target temperature for the flow or return depending on at least one operating parameter—in this case, the current outside temperature.

[0005] Such a heating curve is usually building-specific and must be set by the heating engineer during initial commissioning of the heating system and subsequently modified if necessary to achieve an ideal balance between energy input and energy efficiency. Typically, both the steepness of the heating curve and, optionally, a possible offset value can be adjusted. A heating curve that is set too flat will result in the building not receiving sufficient heat at low outside temperatures. In contrast, a curve that is set too steep will ensure the building is supplied with sufficient heat, but energy consumption will increase unnecessarily due to boiler and piping losses.

[0006] Setting the optimal heating curve requires a certain amount of experience from the heating installer, as the specific system characteristics are rarely known precisely. External factors can also influence whether the heating system provides sufficient heating output at any outside temperature without causing unnecessarily high energy losses. This circumstance regularly requires subsequent adjustment of the heating curve during operation. While residents can make this adjustment themselves, it currently requires a certain level of basic technical knowledge on the part of the resident.

[0007] This problem clearly also arises with other heating system control strategies that require manual intervention in the parameter settings for optimization. Since certain prior knowledge on the part of the resident cannot necessarily be assumed, and the resident is not necessarily willing to make manual adjustments to the heating control system, a solution to the problem described above is desirable. The aforementioned object is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the method are the subject of the dependent claims. A solution to the problem is also achieved by a heating control system according to the features of claim 14 and a heating system according to the features of claim 15.

[0008] According to the invention, the heating system is expanded to include at least one feedback device. Such a feedback device can transmit a feedback signal regarding the achieved room temperature within the room to be heated to the heating control system. The heating control system can evaluate the feedback signal and adjust the target flow temperature currently used by the heating control system based on the feedback signal.

[0009] The invention encompasses any adjustment of a control strategy that regulates the heat source to a predetermined target flow temperature. However, it is also conceivable to use the feedback device in the event that the heating control system also regulates the return temperature as an alternative or in addition to the flow temperature. Even in such a case, the target return temperature can be adjusted depending on the feedback signal. For the sake of simplicity, the following explanations refer to an adjustment of the target flow temperature; however, the advantageous embodiments can also be used for an adjustment of the target return temperature.

[0010] The feedback device used is preferably a device separate from the heating control or heat source, which communicates with the heating control to transmit the feedback signal to the heating control. A mobile version of the feedback device is preferred, which then communicates with the heating control via a wireless communication link.

[0011] A stationary installation of the feedback device is of course also conceivable, preferably within the room to be heated. However, it is not excluded that the feedback device can be integrated into the heat source or the heating control system. The essential aspect of the invention is that the feedback device is not used to adjust the control parameters of the heating control system, but rather merely inputs a feedback signal, in particular can be input manually by the user, which in a certain way evaluates the quality of the heating control system being carried out. The feedback signal is sensibly binary, i.e. the feedback signal can only be used to signal to the heating control system whether the room temperature reached in the room to be heated is currently sufficiently warm or not. Such a feedback signal can, for example, reflect the subjective perception of the occupant.In this case, the resident uses the feedback device to indicate whether they are satisfied with the achieved room temperature or whether they perceive it as too cold. However, it is also sufficient and preferred if the feedback signal only contains the information, and can only contain this information, that the currently achieved room temperature is too cold. Such a feedback signal is therefore only transmitted to the heating control system if the current room temperature is perceived or assessed as too cold. If the feedback signal is absent, the heating control system will instead assume that the currently achieved room temperature is perceived or assessed as sufficiently warm.

[0012] Above, we discussed the manual input of a feedback signal to the feedback device. Of course, it is also conceivable that a feedback signal is generated by sensors.

[0013] If the room temperature is assessed as too cold, the heating control system is configured in such a way that it adjusts the regulation / control system based on the received feedback signal in order to raise the target flow temperature, which ultimately increases the energy input into the room to be heated. In summary, such a feedback device creates a simple option for the occupant and operator of the heating system to intervene in the heating control system without basic technical knowledge and to optimise it with regard to possible heat output. This now makes it possible to initially set a control system with a comparatively lower target flow temperature when the heating system is initially commissioned, since the user can easily make subsequent adjustments using the feedback device.

[0014] As an alternative to manually entering the feedback signal, sensory aids can be used instead. These, for example, measure the room temperature using sensors and generate a corresponding feedback signal when required. This signal is then automatically transmitted to the heating control system via the feedback device. If, for example, a definable temperature level in the room to be heated is not reached with the set target flow temperature, i.e. the sensor value falls below a certain threshold, a feedback signal can be automatically generated and transmitted to the heating control system, which then adjusts the target flow temperature. A feedback signal can also be generated through statistical analysis of the sensor values. It is also conceivable that a feedback signal is only generated when the threshold is undershot for a certain minimum period.The feedback device may comprise at least one integral sensor. However, the feedback device may also be communicatively connected to an external sensor and generate and transmit a feedback signal depending on the received sensor value.

[0015] Existing home automation systems can be used, for example, to generate a feedback signal using sensors.

[0016] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a commercially available mobile device with an installed application can be used as the feedback device. A dedicated application can be installed on smartphones, tablets, wearables, or laptops or desktop PCs to enable manual input or sensor-based generation of a feedback signal to the heating control system. Communication with the heating control system can be achieved via a well-known wireless transmission standard such as IEEE, Bluetooth, etc. The integration of possible assistance systems, such as Alexa, Google Assistant, Siri, etc., is also conceivable in this context.

[0017] The inventive feedback device concept can, in principle, be combined with any desired function for controlling and / or regulating a heating system. However, as already indicated in the introductory section, the combination with a heating system controlled / regulated based on a heating curve is particularly advantageous. In this case, a corresponding heating curve is implemented, which, depending on a detected parameter, in particular an ambient parameter such as the outside temperature, determines an assigned target flow temperature, to which the heating control system then adjusts the system.

[0018] Taking the received feedback signal into account, the system control system, for example, can adjust the heating curve. This adjustment can be achieved by adjusting the offset value and / or the slope of the heating curve. For example, if the current room temperature is signaled as too cold by the feedback signal, the offset value and / or the slope of the curve can be adjusted.

[0019] Control and / or regulation functions that control the flow temperature depending on a deviating function or another parameter are also conceivable. For example, it is conceivable that the current target flow temperature is set by the heating control system depending on the actual heat demand. Control methods that determine the actual heat demand based on the current pipe resistance and, depending on the heat demand thus determined, provide for an adjustment of the flow temperature in the heating control system. A correlation value between the current flow temperature and the determined current system resistance can be used to set the target flow temperature.Also conceivable are control or regulation processes that operate based on a known heating curve, but that are adaptively optimized during operation using a suitable learning process. Such a learning process can also be carried out based on the current heating demand, thus also taking into account the system resistance or the aforementioned correlation value between the flow temperature and the system resistance.

[0020] It is also conceivable that an adjustment of the target flow temperature or optimisation of the heating curve is carried out depending on a corresponding operating parameter, such as the system resistance and the aforementioned correlation value, and taking into account a dynamically definable risk factor. The risk factor can be used to define the degree and extent of the adjustment of the target flow temperature or the heating curve. A lower risk factor stipulates that the target flow temperature or the heating curve is only slightly modified in one adjustment step. In contrast, with a high risk factor, a larger change in the target flow temperature or the heating curve is permitted. Accordingly, with a high risk factor, the heating system can initially operate with a lower flow temperature orA heating curve can be configured to quickly approximate an optimal heating curve during operation. A disadvantage of this approach, however, is that significant changes can result in an excessively high target flow temperature or excessive adjustment of the heating curve. While this allows for sufficient heat input into the building, it carries the risk of a heating curve or target flow temperature that is not energy-optimal.

[0021] In contrast, a lower risk factor requires multiple adjustments of the heating curve or flow temperature, which takes more time. If this is undesirable, the system should initially be commissioned with a higher target flow temperature or heating curve.

[0022] As already mentioned above, the risk factor is advantageously changed depending on the feedback signal, which ultimately has an indirect influence on the adjustment of the target flow temperature. It is conceivable, for example, that the risk factor is adjusted depending on the time interval between two received feedback signals. For example, it can be provided that an adjustment of the risk factor is greater in magnitude if the period between two successively received feedback signals is comparatively short. If the time interval between two feedback signals is short, it is assumed that the heat output is significantly too low, so that a larger increase in the target flow temperature or the heating curve should be effected. If the time interval between two feedback signals is longer, the urgency is not high, so that a marginal adjustment of the heating curve orthe target flow temperature is considered sufficient to be able to approach the optimal setting in small steps.

[0023] In addition to the time interval between two feedback signals, the time interval between the commissioning of the heating system and a first feedback signal can also be considered.

[0024] It is advantageous to exclude certain periods when determining the time interval. For example, periods during which the outside temperature exceeds a certain maximum temperature, such as 16 degrees Celsius, should be excluded, as during such times no heating is required at all. Nighttime periods, especially periods of nighttime setback, should also be disregarded.

[0025] A possible formula for calculating the risk factor is

[0026] Risk factor ne u= risk factor ai*(1+ k / period).

[0027] The period parameter represents the period between two received feedback signals or between the commissioning of the system and the receipt of a feedback signal. This parameter can be set by the user. A small value for the parameter k indicates a lower risk appetite, while a large value for the factor k entails a high risk factor. The feedback signal can either be mandatory or voluntary. The selected approach can be set in the control system so that this can be taken into account when selecting the risk factor. If the feedback signal is only to be given manually by the occupant on a voluntary basis, the heating control system does not necessarily expect a feedback signal and will only adjust the target flow temperature after the feedback signal has been received. An active request from the user orResident feedback is not provided here, but the user simply has the opportunity to provide a corresponding feedback signal via an external mobile device or directly via the heating control system.

[0028] Alternatively, the resident can be actively prompted to provide a feedback signal, especially at specific intervals. If this is the case, a lower target flow temperature or heating curve can be set initially, as rapid adjustment is expected in light of the expected feedback signals.

[0029] In addition to the method according to the invention, the present invention relates to a heating control system configured to carry out the method according to the present invention. Such a heating control system can be a component of a heat source and / or heating circulation pump. It is also conceivable to implement the heating control system as an external controller that communicates with the heat source or circulation pump.

[0030] In addition to the heating control, the present invention also relates to a heating system comprising a heat source and at least one circulation pump and a heating control which is configured to carry out the method according to the invention.

[0031] Accordingly, the heating control system and the heating system have the same advantages and properties as already explained above. A repetitive description is therefore omitted. Further advantages and properties will be explained in more detail below using a specific exemplary embodiment. Further advantages and properties of the invention will be explained in more detail below. The figures show:

[0032] Figure 1 : a diagram showing the time course of the flow temperature and the system resistance within a heating system,

[0033] Figure 2: a diagram showing the time course of the calculated correlation value and

[0034] Figure 3: a schematic representation of the flow diagram of the procedure for adjusting the target flow temperature based on the heat demand determined via the system resistance.

[0035] The method according to the invention will be explained using the example of a heating system that, for example, includes a boiler as a heat source and adjusts the flow temperature based on a heating curve. The heat transfer medium is circulated in the pipe network by a heating circulation pump, which pumps the medium through the circuit at a flow rate and a certain head depending on the operating point. The system resistance is influenced by the valve position of individual thermostatic valves on the radiators.

[0036] The core idea of ​​the present invention is that a feedback signal can be transmitted to a heating control system by means of a feedback device. The feedback signal is used to evaluate the quality of the current heating control system and can be evaluated by the heating control system to ultimately achieve an adjustment of the target flow temperature. The inventive approach can in principle be combined with any control or regulation method that regulates the flow temperature or return temperature to a dynamic target value. The following exemplary embodiment considers a combination of the feedback device with a method for controlling the heating system, in this case in particular the circulation pump based on the current system resistance determined by it (system resistance = head / flow rate 2) can estimate the building's current heat demand. Based on this determined demand, the heating control system sets the target flow temperature as high as necessary to supply the building, but not higher, in order to keep energy consumption as low as possible.

[0037] The relationship between the system resistance determined by the pump and the flow temperature to be set by the heating control system is building-specific and can be calculated by the heating system planner. The room areas and the pipes must be taken into account. This information is already known to the planner, as it is required for hydraulic balancing. However, the planner will also add a risk factor to their calculations. This risk factor is necessary to guarantee an adequate heat supply to the building under all circumstances. However, this risk factor increases energy consumption. In the past, the risk factor had to be set relatively high because it was only set once and there was usually no further adjustment.The majority of heating system operators do not want to make adjustments to the heating control system themselves and the heating engineer will not want to come to the building again.

[0038] This is precisely where the present invention comes in. It is proposed that the heating engineer initially sets a very low risk factor, but this is subsequently optimized independently and continuously by the heating system using a learning function. The heating control system receives feedback whenever it is too cold in the building. The feedback consists only of the information "it is too cold," without specifying by how much it is too cold.

[0039] The resident can provide feedback, for example, via their smartphone using an application provided by the heating engineer. Alternatively, this task can also be performed automatically by a sensor. For example, a sensor connected to the building's technology (e.g., via an assistant like Alexa) could provide feedback every time a minimum temperature is undershot. This minimum temperature is set by the resident.

[0040] The heating control system will now adjust the risk factor every time it receives the "too cold" feedback. The extent to which it adjusts the risk factor also depends on the time elapsed between two messages, or between commissioning and the initial message. The risk factor is therefore increased according to the following rule:

[0041] Risk factor_new = Risk factor_old * (1+ k / period)

[0042] The old risk factor corresponds to the risk factor used before the current feedback message was received. The new risk factor is the new risk factor to be set. The period parameter corresponds to the time elapsed since the previous feedback message was received or since commissioning until the current feedback message was received. When recording the period, only times should be considered when the outside temperature does not exceed a certain maximum temperature (e.g., 16 °C). Furthermore, nighttime periods should not be taken into account. At high outside temperatures or at night, residents may not notice a possible undersupply.

[0043] The factor k is to be determined by the heating engineer. The higher the factor, the more the risk factor increases each time feedback is given. If it is too small, the resident will have to provide feedback more frequently. If k is too large, the risk factor may be increased too much, and the heating system will then run less efficiently than it could.

[0044] It is possible that the risk factor will be reset under certain circumstances. For example, it can be reset after a certain time, if there is no feedback signal for a certain period of time, or by a manual request from the user. It is also conceivable that the scenario described is carried out several times, e.g. when the heating is put into operation, i.e. the risk factor is initially set relatively low by the heating engineer. By transmitting one or more feedback signals, the risk factor is initially increased until further feedback signals are no longer received or the room temperature is always sufficiently warm. It is advisable that the risk factor is reset in this case too and the procedure is repeated at least once or even several times within a definable period of time, e.g. during a winter.If, after a certain number of repetitions, it can be determined that the same or a nearly identical risk factor is always reached, it is advisable to retain this risk factor for the future and to only reset it after an explicit request from the user.

[0045] When using the learning function to set the risk factor via application, the resident can choose between two cases.

[0046] Case 1 : The house occupant certainly gives feedback as soon as it is cold.

[0047] Case 2: The house occupant may provide feedback as soon as it is cold.

[0048] If case 1 is chosen, the resident will likely agree to provide feedback if it gets cold. In this case, the risk factor, or parameter k, can be set very low during commissioning.

[0049] If the homeowner prefers their heating to be set to a robust default setting, then Case 2 is chosen. The risk factor, or parameter k, is then set higher from the outset, e.g., as high as it would be without the learning function. Nevertheless, the customer has the option of reporting this via the heating control application if it is too cold, without having to deal with the adjustable parameters in the control system and without having to have the heating engineer come back.

[0050] In addition, the above-mentioned exemplary method for setting the target flow temperature or for optimizing the target flow temperature and / or optimizing a heating curve based on the heat demand determined via the system resistance will be briefly explained below. In the exemplary embodiment described here, a large portion of the process steps are determined by the integral pump control of the heating circulation pump. The heating pump determines the actual heat demand in the heating system and provides this information to the heating control of the burner, for example, for adjusting the flow temperature control.The heating control then sets the flow temperature either based solely on the demand determined by the pump or it combines the demand determined by the pump with the outside temperature signal, for example in combination with a stored heating curve that specifies a setpoint for the flow temperature depending on the outside temperature.

[0051] To determine the current heat requirement, the pump has the following parameters available:

[0052] Flow temperature: The flow temperature is determined by the pump either by an external sensor or by an internal estimate.

[0053] System resistance: The system resistance describes the losses in the pipes as well as the sum of the losses of all thermostatic valves. Since the losses in the pipes are constant, the position of the thermostatic valves can be directly determined from the system resistance. The system resistance is calculated as follows: = H / Q 2

[0054] The flow rate Q and head H are typically determined by an internal estimation algorithm in the pump control system.

[0055] Of crucial importance is the correlation between the set flow temperature and the system resistance. If the heating curve were optimally adjusted, all weather influences would be compensated by the flow temperature control, and the flow temperature signal would be completely independent of the system resistance. If, on the other hand, the heating curve is set too steep, the thermostatic valves will throttle away the excess heat input, which is indicated by an increase in the system resistance.

[0056] Laboratory studies have shown that if the heating curve is set only slightly too steep, the system resistance follows the flow temperature. To illustrate this relationship, refer to the temporal progression of the flow temperature and the system resistance shown in Figure 1.

[0057] The building under investigation switched between day and night mode, which can be seen in the sudden changes in the flow temperature. The period between 60 hours and 120 hours did not include a switch to night mode (e.g., on weekends). Figure 1 clearly shows that the system resistance signal follows the flow temperature curve. This is because at high flow temperatures, the thermostatic valves must close to keep the room temperature constant. Closed valves lead to an increase in the system resistance. The influence of the flow temperature on the system resistance is dominant over other influences, such as a briefly opened window.

[0058] Due to the high correlation between flow temperature and system resistance, an approximately constant factor between flow temperature and system resistance can be derived, which can be calculated, for example, as follows:

[0059] Correlation value = flow temperature / system resistance

[0060] Figure 2 shows an example of the resulting correlation value for the measured values ​​determined in Figure 1. Except for tolerable fluctuations, the figure shows a nearly constant correlation value. This correlation value is proportional to the amount by which the heating curve is set too steep. The heating control system can therefore deduce from the correlation value signal whether the heating curve is set too steep or too flat. The following rules can be used for this:

[0061] Case 1 : Correlation value not constant -> heating curve too flat:

[0062] If the correlation value is not constant, the thermostatic valves are not following the flow temperature. This indicates that the heating curve is too flat. The heating curve needs to be steepened.

[0063] Case 2: Correlation value constant, correction value large -> heating curve too steep:

[0064] If the correction value is constant, the heating curve is not too flat, and the building is adequately supplied with heat. However, if the correlation value is large, this indicates that the building is oversupplied and energy consumption is unnecessarily high. The heating curve must be set flatter.

[0065] Case 3: Correlation value constant, correction value small -> heating curve perfect:

[0066] A constant correlation value means there is no undersupply and the heating curve is not set too flat. If the correlation value is low, the heating curve is not too steep. In this case, the heating is running optimally.

[0067] Figure 3 shows the previously described control process again schematically. In block 10, the flow temperature and the system resistance are first determined. The course of the correlation value is monitored over a specific period of time, in particular continuously. If this is approximately constant, the process proceeds to block 20, which determines the level of the correlation value. If the correlation value is above a specific limit, the process continues with block 30. Here it is determined that the heating curve must be set steeper, which the pump communicates to the heating control system via an interface. If, on the other hand, the determined correlation value is low and below the limit, the currently used heating curve is assessed as optimal and is not modified. The process returns to block 10. If, however, it is detected in block 10 that the correlation value is not constant, the process proceeds to block 40.In this case, a message is sent to the heating control system stating that the heating curve must be set steeper in order to cover the heat demand in the building.

[0068] When modifying the heating curve according to Figure 3, the set risk factor can also be taken into account, which specifies the margin and the maximum delta for adjusting the heating curve. This risk factor is intended to be influenced by the feedback function according to the invention, i.e., with a high risk factor, a significantly greater adjustment of the gradient of the heating curve can be carried out in blocks 30, 40 than is the case with a smaller risk factor.

Claims

Patent claims Method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system for heating at least one room, as well as heating system 1. A method for controlling and / or regulating a heating system for heating at least one room, comprising a pipe network with dynamically variable system resistance, at least one heat source that heats the heating medium in the pipe network to a defined flow temperature, and at least one circulation pump for circulating the heating medium within the pipe network, wherein a heating control is provided that controls or regulates the target flow temperature as a function of at least one parameter, characterized in that at least one feedback device is provided, via which a feedback signal on the achieved room temperature can be transmitted to the heating control and the heating control adjusts the target flow temperature as a function of the received feedback signal.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the feedback contains exclusively the information that the currently achieved room temperature is too cold, or the feedback signal is a binary signal to evaluate the currently achieved room temperature as too cold or not too cold.

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feedback device is configured to allow manual input of the feedback signal by the user, and / or a sensor for A room temperature measurement system comprises or is communicatively connected to such a system, wherein a feedback signal is preferably communicated to the heating control system when the room temperature detected by the sensor falls below a setpoint. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feedback device is a smartphone, tablet, or other external communication device with an application installed and running on it for inputting and transmitting a feedback signal to the heating control system. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating control system controls the flow temperature taking into account a heating curve, wherein the heating curve defines the setpoint of the flow temperature as a function of at least one parameter, in particular the current outside temperature.A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the heating curve is adjusted taking into account the received feedback signal, in particular an offset value of the heating curve and / or an adjustment of the slope of the heating curve. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating control takes into account an adjustable risk factor, wherein the risk factor characterizes the degree of adjustment of the target flow temperature and / or the degree of adjustment of the heating curve, wherein a higher risk factor allows for a larger absolute change in the target flow temperature or change in the slope and / or offset value of a heating curve than a lower risk factor.Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the risk factor takes into account the time interval between the receipt of two feedback signals and / or the time interval between commissioning of the heating system and the first feedback signal.

9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that certain time periods are excluded to determine the time interval, e.g. depending on the current time of day and / or the outside temperature.

10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the risk factor is determined by Risk factor ne u = Risk factor ai *(1 +k / period) is calculated, where the parameter period represents the time interval between two feedback signals and the parameter k is a manually adjustable parameter.

11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the parameter k is chosen to be higher in absolute value if the output of the feedback signal is voluntary and is chosen to be smaller in absolute value if the output of a feedback signal is required at certain times.

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current system resistance is determined and a correlation value between the current actual flow temperature and the actual system resistance is determined, wherein the correlation value is used to control and / or optimize the heating curve.

13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that an adjustment and / or optimization of the heating curve is carried out depending on the risk factor, which is adjusted taking into account the feedback signal.

14. Heating control for controlling / regulating a heating system, with a processor adapted / configured to perform the procedure according to one of the preceding steps. Heating system with a heating control configured to carry out the method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating control is implemented in the heat source and / or the circulation pump.

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