Internal roller mandrel and roller device

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal rolling mandrel, a rolling device, and a method for introducing a neck into the wall of a preferably metallic hollow body, in particular a tube. For this purpose, the known internal rolling mandrels each have a shaft section 14', 14" at one end of the internal rolling mandrel 10 for clamping the internal rolling mandrel into a machine head. Furthermore, the known internal rolling mandrels have a rolling section 16', 16" arranged downstream of the shaft section in the direction of the rotation axis 12 of the internal rolling mandrel for rolling the hollow body 20.In order to enable the introduction of necks with different inside diameters into hollow bodies without retooling the internal rolling mandrel, the present invention provides that the internal rolling mandrel 10 is formed from at least two parts 10', 10", each with a shaft section and a rolling section, and that the parts are movable relative to one another in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis 12 of the internal rolling mandrel.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an internal rolling mandrel and a rolling device for forming a neck in the wall of a preferably metallic hollow body, in particular a pipe. Furthermore, the invention relates to a machine head for clamping into the rolling device, wherein the machine head is configured to receive the internal rolling mandrel. Finally, the invention relates to a method for operating the rolling device.

[0002] Internal rolling mandrels for creating a neckline in the wall of a hollow body are generally known in the prior art, for example from European patent applications EP 3 144 075 A1 and EP 0 752 289 A2. Furthermore, such an internal rolling mandrel is known from German Offenlegungsschrift DE 3621 403 A1. It is disclosed therein in particular that the internal rolling mandrel is inserted into a prepared hole in the hollow body and displaced there perpendicular to a rotation axis so that flange-forming working surfaces on the rolling section of the internal rolling mandrel can be moved beneath the wall of the hole. When the internal rolling mandrel is rotated in this radially displaced position and simultaneously withdrawn from the hole, the flange-forming working surface of the rolling section pulls the edge of the hole upwards to form a flange. The internal rolling mandrel according to the German Offenlegungsschrift is constructed in one piece.

[0003] The invention is based on the object of developing a known internal rolling mandrel, a known machine head in which the internal rolling mandrel can be clamped, a known rolling device and a known method for introducing a necking at the edge of an opening in the wall of a hollow body in such a way that the introduction of neckings with different inside diameters into hollow bodies is possible without converting the internal rolling mandrel.

[0004] This object is achieved with regard to the internal rolling mandrel by the subject matter of claim 1. Accordingly, the internal rolling mandrel is characterized in that it is formed from at least two parts, each with a shaft section and a rolling section, and that the parts are movable relative to one another in the radial direction with respect to the rotational axis of the internal rolling mandrel.

[0005] The claimed mobility of the parts of the internal rolling mandrel relative to each other includes moving them apart and together. Moving the parts apart increases the diameter of the internal rolling mandrel, and in particular its rolling section; moving the parts together decreases the diameter. In this way, the internal rolling mandrel can be flexibly adjusted to different diameters, with the set diameter representing the inside diameter of the necking to be created.

[0006] According to a first embodiment, the internal rolling mandrel consists of two parts or halves, wherein these halves are preferably mirror-symmetrical with respect to a virtual mirror plane extending through the rotation axis. When retracted, at least the rolling sections of the two halves then preferably form a rotationally symmetrical body.

[0007] The above-mentioned object is achieved with respect to the machine head by the subject matter of claim 3, with respect to the roller burnishing device by the subject matter of claim 7, and with respect to the method according to the invention by the method steps according to claim 10. The advantages of these solutions correspond to the advantages mentioned above with respect to the claimed internal roller burnishing mandrel.

[0008] Further advantageous embodiments of the solutions mentioned are the subject of the dependent claims. The description is accompanied by 13 figures, in which Figure 1 shows the internal rolling mandrel according to the invention with parts moved apart; Figure 2 shows a single half of the internal rolling mandrel; Figure 3 shows the machine head according to the invention; Figure 4 shows a hollow body with an opening; Figure 5 shows the rolling device according to the invention in a starting position in a longitudinal section from a first viewing direction; Figure 6 shows the rolling device, shown from a Figure 5 Viewing direction rotated by 90 degrees; Figure 7 a view of the underside of the machine head with the internal rolling mandrel in the starting position; Figure 8 the rolling device with the internal rolling mandrel, moved into its retracted position; Figure 9 the rolling device with the internal rolling mandrel, moved into its expanded position; Figure 10 a view of the underside of the machine head with the parts of the internal rolling mandrel extended into their expanded position; Figure 11 the rolling device according to Figure 9, but shown from a view rotated by 90 degrees; Figure 12 a view of the underside of the machine head with the internal roller burnishing mandrel in its expansion position according to Figure 11 ; and Figure 13 the rolling device in the direction of view according to Figure 11 however, with the inner roller mandrel retracted into its extended position with a necked-out section at the edge of the opening in the hollow body shows.

[0009] The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures in the form of exemplary embodiments. In all figures, the same technical elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

[0010] Figure 1 shows the internal rolling mandrel according to the invention for introducing a necking at the edge of an opening in a wall of a preferably metallic hollow body (in Figure 1not shown). The internal rolling mandrel 10 has a rotation axis 12 and has at one end a shaft section for clamping the internal rolling mandrel into a machine head and at its other end, offset in the direction of the rotation axis, a rolling section for rolling the hollow body to form the neck. According to the invention, the rolling mandrel consists of at least two parts, according to Figure 1 by way of example, of two parts, which are shown offset from one another in their expanded position for better illustration. Each of the two parts 10', 10" consists of a shaft section 14', 14" and a rolling section 16', 16". The parts 10', 10" are, as shown in Figure 1shown, can be displaced or moved relative to one another in the radial direction with respect to the rotational axis 12 of the inner rolling mandrel 10 and can be fixed relative to one another in this expanded position. In this way, the diameter of the inner rolling mandrel, in particular of its rolling section, can be adjusted to a variable diameter D. This offers the advantage that neckings with different inner diameters can be produced using the same inner rolling mandrel without having to change the inner rolling mandrel. The outer diameter D of the inner rolling mandrel and in particular of its rolling section 16', 16", represents the clear inner diameter of the necking to be produced using the inner rolling mandrel 10 according to the invention.

[0011] Figure 2shows a part or half of the internal rolling mandrel according to the invention in various views. The shaft section 14', 14" and the integrally connected rolling section 16', 16" are visible. The rotation axis 12 of the internal rolling mandrel is also visible.

[0012] Two of the Figure 2 The halves shown together form the internal rolling mandrel according to Figure 1 . The two halves are preferably of identical construction; preferably, they are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a virtual mirror plane passing through the rotation axis 12.

[0013] Figure 3shows the machine head 50 according to the invention, into which the roller burnishing mandrel according to the invention can be clamped. The machine head 50 has a rotation axis 52 and can be installed with its one end 51 into a roller burnishing device. A second end of the machine head, opposite the first end, is designed in the form of a mandrel receiving device 54 with a mandrel receiving space 56 for the internal roller burnishing mandrel 10. The mandrel receiving device 54 is formed by at least two feed devices 58', 58", wherein one of the feed devices is assigned to one of the parts 10', 10" of the internal roller burnishing mandrel 10 and can be brought into engagement with it. For moving the respective part of the internal roller burnishing mandrel between a starting position, see the Figures 5 to 7 , and an expansion position, see the Figures 9 and 10The feed devices 58', 58" are designed for the individual movement of the parts 10', 10" of the internal rolling mandrel 10 relative to one another, i.e., against one another, transversely to the rotation axis 52 of the machine head 50.

[0014] Figure 3 shows the feed devices in their starting position 57, which at the same time also establishes the starting position of the internal roller burnishing mandrel when it is in the position determined by the feed devices according to Figure 3 formed mandrel receiving space 56. The internal rolling mandrel 10 installed in the feed devices is in Figure 3 not shown. The starting position for the internal rolling mandrel is characterized by a state in which the parts 10', 10" of the internal rolling mandrel are completely or at least largely pushed together.

[0015] In Figure 3Furthermore, fixed guide rails 59 can be seen on the machine head 50. These serve to slide the feed devices 58', 58" transversely to the rotation axis 52 of the machine head 50. Typically, the feed devices slide along the guide rails 59 together with the parts 10', 10" of the internal burnishing mandrel individually clamped in them. The internal burnishing mandrel is in Figure 3 not shown. The directions in which the feed devices 58', 58" can be moved relative to each other along the guide rails 59 are shown in

[0016] Figure 3 marked with the double arrows visible there. According to one embodiment, at least one, but preferably all of the feed devices 58', 58" has an inclined or conical guide surface 53', 53" at its free end facing away from the mandrel receiving space 56. The significance of this guide surface will be explained further below in the description of the Figures 5 ff explained.

[0017] Figure 4 shows a plan view of a preferably metallic hollow body 20, for example in the form of a tube, with an opening 24 in its wall. This corresponds to the initial state of the metallic hollow body 20 before a necking is formed on the edge of the opening 24 using the internal rolling mandrel according to the invention, the rolling device according to the invention, and the method according to the invention, as described below.

[0018] Figure 5shows the inventive roller burnishing device 100 in a longitudinal section from a first viewing direction. The roller burnishing device has a machine head receiving device 110, which defines a machine head receiving space 112 with a conical inner wall 114. The machine head 50 is received in the machine head receiving space 112, which in turn receives the inner roller burnishing mandrel 10, 10', 10". The roller burnishing device 100 also has a drive device 120, which, controlled by a control device 125, is designed to operate in the following operating modes: i) to rotate the machine head receiving device 110 together with the machine head 50 received therein or to rotate the machine head 50 alone about the rotation axis 102 of the burnishing device 100, ii) to move the machine head receiving device 110 together with the machine head 50 received therein along the rotation axis 102 of the burnishing device 100; and / or iii) to displace the machine head 50 relative to the inner wall 114 of the machine head receiving space 112 in the direction of the rotation axis 102 of the burnishing device 100, wherein the rotation axis 102 of the rolling device 100 preferably coincides with the rotation axis 52 of the machine head 50.

[0019] The various operating modes require that the machine head mounting device 110 and the machine head 50 itself can be controlled independently of one another within the mounting device by the drive device 120. The individual controls relate in particular to a translational or axial movement along the rotation axis 102 of the roller burnishing device and / or a rotation about this rotation axis. Of course, the machine head mounting device 110 and the machine head 50 can also be controlled and moved synchronously.

[0020] The conical guide surfaces 53', 53" at the free ends of the feed devices 58', 58" each rest against the conical inner wall 114 of the machine head receiving space 112 or are supported thereon. The feed devices are preferably braced or pressed against the conical inner wall 114 by a spring in a direction transverse to the rotation axis 112. This means: Depending on how the machine head 50 is positioned or moved in the direction of the rotation axis 102 relative to the machine head receiving device 110 and in particular its conical inner wall 114, the feed devices 58', 58" are positioned or moved relative to one another in a direction transverse to the rotation axis 102.Because each of the feed devices 58', 58" is connected to one of the parts 10', 10" of the inner rolling mandrel 10, their relative position to one another also changes in accordance with the relative position between the machine head 50 and the inner wall 114 of the machine head receiving space 112. In . Figure 5 The delivery devices are moved far apart and thus tension the already Figure 3 known mandrel receiving space 56, in which the two halves 10', 10" of the internal rolling mandrel fit exactly or are aligned one above the other. This is the reason why in Figure 5 only one of the two halves can be seen.

[0021] Furthermore, in Figure 5 the metallic hollow body 20 in the form of a tube with an opening 24 in its wall.

[0022] The method according to the invention is described below with reference to the Figures 5 to 13explained step by step: According to a first method step a), the hollow body 20 is clamped in a clamping device 30 and the rolling device 100 is positioned opposite the opening 24 in the hollow body 20 in a starting position, as in Figure 5 shown.

[0023] Figure 6 shows the same components as Figure 5 , but from a different Figure 5 Viewing direction rotated by 90°. The changed viewing direction allows the two exemplary symmetrically formed parts or halves 10', 10" of the internal roller burnishing mandrel 10 to be clearly seen. The virtual mirror plane, with respect to which the two halves are mirror-symmetrically formed, runs in Figure 6 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing through the rotation axes 102 of the rolling device 100 of the machine head 50, which in Figure 6 coincide. Also in Figure 6 the internal rolling mandrel 10 is shown in its starting position for the method according to the invention.

[0024] Figure 7 shows a view of the machine head 50 from below, also looking at the clamped internal rolling mandrel in its starting position 57 with its parts or halves 10' and 10" completely overlapping in this starting position.

[0025] Figure 8 illustrates a second method step b) of the method according to the invention, in which the machine head receiving device 110 together with the machine head received therein and with the internal rolling mandrel 10 is or was moved along the rotation axis 102 of the rolling device 100 into the opening 24. In this respect, the internal rolling mandrel is moved according to method step b) from its starting position into a Figure 8shown retracted position. During this process step b), the relative position between the machine head 50 and the machine head receiving device 110, in particular its conical inner wall 114, remains unchanged and consequently the two halves 10', 10" of the inner rolling mandrel also remain unchanged in an overlapping position with respect to one another. In the retracted position, at least the rolling sections 16', 16" of the parts 10', 10" are retracted into the opening 24, as in Figure 8 shown.

[0026] According to a third method step c), the parts 10', 10" of the internal rolling mandrel 10 are then moved relative to one another from the retracted position transversely to the rotational axis 102 of the rolling device or of the internal rolling mandrel, which typically coincide, into a Figure 9In this expansion position, the working surface of the rolling section 16', 16" of at least one of the parts 10', 10" which later forms the necking, reaches below the edge of the opening 24, as shown in Figures 10 and 11 illustrated.

[0027] Finally, in a fourth method step d), the necking 22 at the edge of the opening 24 is formed according to the invention by pulling the inner roller burnishing mandrel 10 in its expanded position out of the opening 24 into an extended position, as shown in the Figures 12 and 13 illustrated. During withdrawal, the parts of the inner rolling mandrel remain in their expanded position and thus cause the desired deformation of the edge of the opening 24 in the form of the necking.

[0028] Before or during the second process step b), the parts 10', 10" of the internal rolling mandrel are brought together, as for example in Figure 8is shown. The total width D of the rolling section or sections 16', 16" should not be wider than the opening 24 in the hollow body in order to ensure trouble-free insertion of the internal rolling mandrel.

[0029] During the third method step c), as stated, the machine head 50 is displaced relative to the inner wall 114 of the machine head receiving space 112 in the direction of the rotation axis, wherein the guide surfaces 53', 53" of the feed devices 58', 58" preferably continuously rest against the conical inner wall of the receiving space during the displacement and slide along there to move the parts 10', 10" of the inner rolling mandrel from their retracted position according to Figure 8 in their expansion position according to the Figures 9 and 10 .

[0030] Advantageously, the width or diameter D to which the parts 10', 10" are moved apart in the expansion position can be variably adjusted. As already mentioned in the introduction, this offers the advantage that collars with different clear inner diameters can also be produced using the same internal rolling mandrel without having to change the internal rolling mandrel.

[0031] During the execution of the second, third and / or fourth step b), c), d) of the method according to the invention, the internal rolling mandrel 10 with its parts 10', 10" can rotate about its own rotation axis 12, preferably clockwise. This (correct) direction of rotation is of crucial importance because the tool concept is only formed by clockwise rotation due to the radial deflection of the feed devices 58', 58".

[0032] For example, the predetermined opening 24 in the wall of the hollow body 20 is elliptical, as shown in the Figures 10 and 12 recognizable. In this case, it may be useful for the two parts or halves 10`, 10" of the inner rolling mandrel 10 to also be elliptical or semi-elliptical in order to be able to retract into the elliptical opening. At the beginning of the necking process according to the invention, the inner rolling mandrel can then first be rotated into its retracted position by 90° relative to the major semi-axis of the elliptical opening 24, as shown in Figure 12 shown; however, this is only possible in the retracted position. List of reference symbols

[0033] 10Internal burnishing mandrel 10', 10"Parts, in particular halves of the internal burnishing mandrel 12Rotational axis of the internal burnishing mandrel 14`, 14"Shaft section of the internal burnishing mandrel 16`, 16"Burning section 20Hollow body 22Collar 24Opening 50Machine head 51First end of the machine head 52Rotational axis of the machine head 53`, 53"Conical guide surface 54Mandrel receiving device 55Second end of the machine head 56Mandrel receiving space 57Starting position 58', 58"Feed device 59Guide bar 100Burning device 102Rotational axis of the burnishing device 110Machine head receiving device 112Machine head receiving space 114Conical inner wall 120Drive device of the burnishing device 125Control device for rolling device Diameter of the inner rolling mandrel, especially of its rolling section

Claims

1. An internal rolling mandrel (10) for introducing a necking (22) onto the edge of an opening (24) in a wall of a preferably metallic hollow body (20), in particular a tube, comprising: - a rotation axis (12); - a shaft section (14', 14") at one end of the internal rolling mandrel (10) for clamping the internal rolling mandrel into a machine head (50); and - a rolling section (16', 16") arranged downstream of the shaft section (14', 14") in the direction of the rotation axis (12) for rolling the hollow body (20), wherein the shaft section and the rolling section are connected to one another and formed as a single piece; characterized by that the internal rolling mandrel (10) is formed from at least two parts (10', 10"), each with a shaft section (14', 14") and a rolling section (16', 16"); and that the parts (10', 10") can be moved relative to one another in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis (12) of the internal rolling mandrel.

2. Internal rolling mandrel (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that the internal rolling mandrel (10) consists of two parts (10', 10") in the form of two halves; and that the two halves, mirrored on a virtual mirror plane passing through the rotation axis (12), are of identical construction.

3. A machine head (50) comprising: a rotation axis (52); a first end (51) for installing the machine head (50) in a roller burnishing device (100); and a second end (55) arranged opposite the first end, designed in the form of a mandrel receiving device (54) with a mandrel receiving space (56) for the internal roller burnishing mandrel (10) according to one of the preceding claims; characterized by thatthe mandrel receiving device (54) is formed by at least two feed devices (58', 58"), wherein each feed device is assigned to one of the parts (10', 10") of the inner rolling mandrel and can be brought into engagement therewith for moving the respective part of the inner rolling mandrel between a starting position (57) and an expansion position; and that the at least two feed devices (58', 58") are designed for the individual movement of the parts (10', 10") of the internal rolling mandrel (10) relative to one another, in particular against one another and transversely to the rotation axis (52) of the machine head.

4. Machine head (50) according to claim 3, characterized by that the feed devices (58', 58") - when they have each been moved into their starting position (57) - together clamp the mandrel receiving space (56) for the internal rolling mandrel (10) in a state with the parts (10`, 10") pushed together.

5. Machine head (50) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by Guide rails (59) fixedly mounted on the machine head (50) for sliding along the feed devices (58', 58") - optionally together with the connected parts (10', 10") of the internal rolling mandrel (10) - transversely to the rotation axis (52) of the machine head (50).

6. Machine head (50) according to claim 3 to 5, characterized by that at least one, preferably all of the feed devices (58', 58") have / have a conical guide surface (53', 53") at their free ends facing away from the mandrel receiving space (56).

7. A roller burnishing device (100) comprising: a rotation axis (102); a machine head receiving device (110) which spans a machine head receiving space (112) with a conical inner wall (114); a machine head (50) received in the machine head receiving space (112), which in turn is designed to receive an inner roller burnishing mandrel (10); a drive device (120); and a control device (125) which is designed to control the drive device (120) in the following operating modes: i) to rotate the machine head receiving device (110) together with the machine head (50) received therein or to rotate the machine head (50) alone about the rotation axis (102) of the roller burnishing device (100); ii) to move the machine head receiving device (110) together with the machine head (50) received therein along the rotation axis (102) of the roller burnishing device (100);and / or iii) for displacing the machine head (50) relative to the inner wall (114) of the machine head receiving space (112) in the direction of the rotation axis (102) of the rolling device (100), wherein the rotation axis (102) of the rolling device (100) preferably coincides with the rotation axis (52) of the machine head (50); ; characterized by that the machine head (50) is designed according to one of claims 2 to 6; that the conical guide surfaces (53', 53") at the free ends of the feed device (58', 58") are each brought into contact with the conical inner wall (114) of the receiving space (112); and that the parts of the inner rolling mandrel are positioned relative to one another according to a relative position between the machine head (50) and the inner wall (114) of the machine head receiving space (112).

8. Rolling device (100) according to claim 7, characterized by thatthe internal rolling mandrel (10) is received in the machine head (50) and is designed according to one of claims 1 or 2.

9. Rolling device (100) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by that the control device is designed to control the control device in operating mode iii) such that the parts of the inner rolling mandrel (10) are moved apart to an expansion position with a predetermined diameter, corresponding to a desired clear inner diameter of the necking.

10. A method for introducing a necking (22) onto the edge of an opening in a wall of a preferably metallic hollow body (20) by suitably operating a rolling device (100) according to claim 7 or 8 with an internal rolling mandrel (10) according to claim 1 or 2 clamped in the machine head (50), comprising the following steps: a) clamping the hollow body (20) and positioning the rolling device opposite the opening in the hollow body (20) in an initial position; b) moving the machine head receiving device (110) together with the machine head (50) received therein with the internal rolling mandrel (10) along the rotation axis (102) of the rolling device (100) into the opening in a retracted position;c) moving the parts of the inner rolling mandrel (10) apart from one another from the retracted position transversely to the rotational axis (102) of the inner rolling mandrel into an expanded position such that the working surface of the rolling section (16', 16") of at least one of the parts passes below the edge of the opening; and d) forming the necking by pulling the inner rolling mandrel out of the opening into an extended position while maintaining the parts of the inner rolling mandrel (10) in their expanded position.

11. Method according to claim 10, characterized by that before or during step b) the parts of the inner rolling mandrel are moved together so that the inner rolling mandrel is preferably rotationally symmetrical or at least not wider than the opening in the hollow body.

12. Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized by thatduring step c) the machine head (50) is displaced relative to the inner wall (114) of the machine head receiving space (112) in the direction of the rotation axis (102) of the rolling device (100), wherein the conical guide surfaces (53', 53") of the feed device preferably continuously bear against the conical inner wall of the receiving space during the displacement and slide along there to move the parts (10', 10") of the inner rolling mandrel from their retracted position into their expanded position.

13. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized by that the width or diameter to which the parts are moved apart in the expansion position can be variably adjusted.

14. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized by thatduring steps b), c) and / or d) the internal rolling mandrel (10) with its parts (10', 10") rotates around its own axis of rotation (12), preferably clockwise.

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