Extrusion die and extrusion system

Abstract

The invention relates to an extrusion die (100), in particular a tubular extrusion die, for producing a hollow plastic profile, in particular a plastic pipe, the extrusion die comprising at least one melt channel (102), which extends between a melt inlet (104) and a melt outlet (106), and a nozzle and / or set of nozzles, wherein the melt outlet (106) is designed such that a plastic melt and / or the produced hollow plastic profile is transferred to the nozzle and / or the set of nozzles, wherein at least one portion of the melt channel (102) is substantially floatingly mounted and / or movable. The invention also relates to an extrusion system comprising at least one extruder and an extrusion die (100).

Description

[0001] Extrusion tool and extrusion system

[0002] The invention relates to an extrusion tool, in particular a pipe extrusion tool, for example a pipe head. Furthermore, the invention relates to an extrusion system with such an extrusion tool.

[0003] Extrusion dies are usually installed directly downstream of an extruder assembly, for example, so that the melt, particularly plastic melt, provided by the extruder assembly can be formed into a desired shape by the downstream extrusion die. Extrusion dies include flat dies, tubular dies, profiles, etc.

[0004] In pipe extrusion dies, also called pipe heads for short, it is also common practice to heat them radially inside and / or outside the housing, i.e., well in front of the nozzle, for example, using ceramic heating bands. Especially in large pipe heads, the interior of the pipe head is heated using a temperature control system that operates with a temperature control medium. This type of temperature control has the advantage of not only adding heat to the melt but also removing it.

[0005] For example, document DE 10 2010 025 524 A1 discloses a device for producing a hollow plastic profile. The device comprises an extrusion die with a melt channel, an extruder that feeds the melt channel with plastic melt, and a suction device for extracting air through the profile interior in the opposite direction to the extrusion direction. The air duct system can provide internal cooling of the tube.

[0006] However, when it comes to manufacturing multi-layer plastic products that must be extruded from plastics with significantly different processing temperatures, the design of conventional extrusion dies for pipe extrusion has several disadvantages. A significant disadvantage lies in the general construction of the extrusion dies. In the conventional design, the individual components are rigidly connected to one another and made of the same material. Thus, permanent, significantly different temperature zones within the extrusion die cannot be guaranteed. Consequently, multi-layer plastic products that are extruded from plastics with significantly different processing temperatures cannot be manufactured, or can only be manufactured in a multi-stage process.It is well known that there is a risk of plastic degradation and limited moldability of plastic melts if the individual plastic melt channels / lines are not thermally separated. Due to different thermal expansions, there is also a risk of damage to the extrusion die if the melt-carrying components are rigidly connected to each other.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of structurally and / or functionally improving an extrusion tool mentioned above. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of structurally and / or functionally improving an extrusion system mentioned above. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an extrusion tool or an extrusion system that reduces or eliminates the disadvantages identified in connection with the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pipe extrusion tool with which plastic melts at different temperatures can be processed and damage to the extrusion tool or parts thereof, in particular due to thermal expansion, can be avoided.

[0008] The object is achieved by an extrusion tool having the features of claim 1. Furthermore, the object is achieved by an extrusion system having the features of claim 12. Advantageous embodiments and / or further developments are the subject of the subclaims.

[0009] One aspect relates to an extrusion die, in particular for producing a hollow plastic profile. The plastic profile can be a plastic pipe, for example, a multilayer pipe. The extrusion die can be used and / or configured for use in an extrusion system. The extrusion die can be a pipe extrusion die, such as a pipe head. The pipe extrusion die can be a multilayer pipe head.

[0010] The extrusion die can comprise at least one melt channel. The at least one melt channel can also be referred to as a melt line. The extrusion die can have multiple melt channels. The at least one melt channel can be designed to guide or direct and / or receive a plastic melt. For example, the extrusion die can have exactly two melt channels or exactly three melt channels. The number of melt channels can correspond to the number of layers of the multi-layer profile or multi-layer pipe to be produced. The at least one melt channel can run or be designed, at least in sections, as straight, curved, or spiral.

[0011] The at least one melt channel can run between a melt inlet and a melt outlet. The melt inlet can be designed for connection to an extruder, in particular an extruder outlet. The extrusion die can have multiple melt inlets. For example, the extrusion die can have exactly two melt inlets or exactly three melt inlets. The number of melt inlets can correspond to the number of layers of the multi-layer profile or multi-layer pipe to be produced. Each melt inlet can be assigned a melt channel. All melt channels can open into the melt outlet. The melt outlet can be designed such that the plastic melt and / or the produced plastic hollow profile can be discharged and / or transferred to a nozzle and / or a nozzle set. The extrusion die can have the nozzle and / or the nozzle set.The nozzle and / or the nozzle set can be arranged and / or fastened at the melt outlet. The nozzle and / or the nozzle set can be replaceable. The nozzle and / or the nozzle set can have a mandrel. The nozzle and / or the nozzle set can be designed to form and / or shape specific or different profile or pipe dimensions, such as pipe diameters. The nozzle set can have the nozzle and the mandrel. At least a portion of the at least one melt channel can be mounted in a substantially floating manner. Additionally or alternatively, at least a portion of the at least one melt channel can be designed to be movable, for example, movable on one side and / or in the axial direction and / or longitudinal direction of the at least one melt channel. The mobility of the at least one melt channel can also be understood to mean thermal expansion and / or extensibility of at least a portion of the at least one melt channel.Furthermore, movable can also be understood to mean contraction and / or shrinkage. The at least one melt channel can be mounted essentially in a floating manner, directly or indirectly, and / or movable, for example movably mounted. The at least one melt channel can be designed, in particular by means of a floating mounting and / or movable mounting or by means of the mobility, to compensate for and / or enable expansion, in particular caused by heat. The at least one melt channel or the at least one section of the at least one melt channel can be designed and / or mounted in such a way that it can expand, contract and / or shift in at least one direction, for example in and / or opposite to the flow direction and / or extrusion direction and / or axial direction and / or longitudinal direction of the at least one melt channel.

[0012] The extrusion tool can have at least one bearing. The at least one bearing can be designed to support the at least one melt channel in a substantially floating and / or movable manner, for example as described above and / or below. The at least one bearing can be designed as a support bearing or a fixed-loose bearing. The at least one bearing can be designed such that there is no or only little contact between components of different temperatures and / or that they are movable relative to one another. The at least one bearing and / or the at least one melt channel can be designed to compensate for and / or enable expansion and / or compensation of thermal expansion. The at least one bearing can have at least one or more, e.g. two, three, four or more, bearing elements.The bearing elements, for example two bearing elements, of the at least one bearing can be arranged on opposite sides of a melt channel section of the at least one melt channel. The bearing element(s) can be firmly connected to the at least one melt channel.

[0013] The at least one melt channel and / or the at least one bearing can be made, at least in sections, from a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The thermal expansion coefficient can also be referred to as an expansion coefficient, such as a linear expansion coefficient. The at least one melt channel and the at least one bearing can have different or identical thermal expansion coefficients. For example, the thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one melt channel can be lower or higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one bearing. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one bearing and a section adjacent to it, e.g., a housing section, of the extrusion tool can have different or identical thermal expansion coefficients.For example, the thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one bearing can be lower or higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the section adjacent to it, e.g. the housing section, of the extrusion tool. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one melt channel and at least one section adjacent to it, e.g. the housing section, of the extrusion tool can have different thermal expansion coefficients. For example, the at least one section of the at least one melt channel and at least one section adjacent to it, e.g. the housing section, of the extrusion tool can have different thermal expansion coefficients. For example, the thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one melt channel can be lower or higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the section adjacent to it, e.g. the housing section, of the extrusion tool. The section orThe housing section of the extrusion die can be structural elements of the extrusion die, particularly those surrounding the bearing. The thermal expansion coefficient can be between approximately 0.5 and approximately 30 [10']. 6 / K], for example between about 10.5 and about 17 [10' 6 / K], The thermal expansion coefficient can be chosen as small as possible. For example, the thermal expansion coefficient can be about 1.2 [10' 6 / K ], about 1 1 ,2 [10' 6 / K ], about 13.2 [10' 6 / K ] or about 17 [10' 6 / K ].

[0014] The at least one melt channel and / or the at least one bearing can be made of metal, at least in part. The metal can be, for example, a metal alloy, such as steel, for example a stainless martensitic steel, stainless steel, Ni steel with an iron-based alloy, or a stainless austenitic chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel.

[0015] The at least one melt channel and / or the at least one bearing can be made, at least in sections, from a material that is elastically deformable. The at least one bearing and / or the at least one melt channel can be flexible and / or bendable. The at least one bearing can comprise a sheet metal, for example a thin one, or be designed as such. The at least one bearing can have an insulating property, at least in sections. The at least one melt channel can be designed as a melt tube.

[0016] A fit, for example a clearance fit, can be effectively provided between the at least one melt channel and the at least one bearing. Additionally or alternatively, a fit, for example a clearance fit, can be effectively provided between the at least one melt channel and at least one section of the extrusion tool that adjoins it, e.g. a housing section. Additionally or alternatively, a fit, for example a clearance fit, can be effectively provided between the at least one bearing and at least one section of the extrusion tool that adjoins it, e.g. a housing section. Alternatively or in addition to the fit, a groove structure, a notch structure, or a recess can be provided. The section or housing section of the extrusion tool can be structural elements of the extrusion tool, in particular those surrounding the bearing. The at least one melt channel can be formed as a single piece.The at least one melt channel can be formed in multiple parts, for example in two parts. The parts of the at least one melt channel can be designed to be displaceable relative to one another, for example substantially in the longitudinal direction of the at least one melt channel. The parts of the at least one melt channel can be designed to be displaceable within one another. An elastic element, for example a spring element and / or bellows, such as a folding bellows, can be effective and / or arranged between the parts of the at least one melt channel. This allows different linear expansions to be compensated for. A fit and / or sealing surface(s) and / or seal can be effective and / or provided between the parts of the at least one melt channel. The fit and / or sealing surface(s) and / or seal can be effective in a displaceable transition region between the parts. The seal can be a metallic seal.This can prevent plastic melt from escaping from a gap between the parts.

[0017] The at least one melt channel can be designed to be thermally separated, at least in sections. The at least one melt channel can run through the extrusion die in a thermally separated manner. Several, e.g. two, three or four, melt channels can be thermally separated from one another, at least in sections. This can be achieved by thermal separation. This makes it possible to effect different temperatures for the plastic melt moving through the melt channels and thus to optimally influence the different plastic materials to be processed. It is therefore possible to feed plastic materials with very different temperatures into the extrusion die after plasticizing and to keep them at this temperature even during material distribution, so that temperature equalization only occurs in particular in the layered extrudate.

[0018] The at least one melt channel can be formed, at least in sections, as a pipe or pipeline. The at least one melt channel can have a round or square cross-section. The extrusion tool can have at least one distribution element. For example, the extrusion tool can have a plurality of distribution elements, e.g., exactly two or exactly three distribution elements. The number of distribution elements can correspond to the number of layers of the multi-layer profile or multi-layer pipe to be produced. The at least one melt channel can be formed and / or delimited, at least in sections, by a distribution element and / or a section, e.g., a housing section, of the extrusion tool.

[0019] The at least one distribution element can be formed in one piece or in multiple parts, for example in two parts. For example, the at least one distribution element can comprise a pre-distribution element and a spiral distribution element. The pre-distribution element can have a main channel and / or at least one pre-distribution channel. The spiral distribution element can comprise at least one secondary channel. The at least one secondary channel can run helically in the circumferential surface of the spiral distribution element. The main channel can merge into the at least one pre-distribution channel and / or the at least one secondary channel. The at least one pre-distribution channel can merge into the at least one secondary channel.

[0020] The at least one distribution element can be designed as a rotary distributor. The rotary distributor can be an axial rotary distributor. The rotary distributor can be substantially cylindrical, for example hollow cylindrical. The rotary distributor can be formed in one piece or in multiple pieces. The rotary distributor can have a main channel. The main channel can be an inlet channel, such as a melt inlet channel. The rotary distributor can have at least one secondary channel that is in particular fluidic and / or fluid connection, such as a fluid connection, with the main channel. The at least one secondary channel can run helically in the circumferential surface of the rotary distributor. The main channel can merge into the at least one secondary channel. The at least one secondary channel can be an outlet channel, such as a melt outlet channel. The at least one secondary channel can be a rotary distributor channel. The rotary distributor can have multiple secondary channels.The plurality of secondary channels can be fluidically connected to the main channel on the inlet side or open into it. The plurality of secondary channels can form a spiral arrangement. The plastic melt can be fed into the spiral distributor via the main channel. From the main channel, the plastic melt can be guided further into the at least one secondary channel or into the plurality of secondary channels. In the at least one secondary channel or in the plurality of secondary channels, the plastic melt can be brought into a homogeneous and / or hollow shape. The main channel and / or the at least one secondary channel(s) can be part of a melt channel and / or form and / or define this at least in sections. The main channel and / or the at least one secondary channel(s) and / or the at least one pre-distribution channel(s) can be designed as a bore or groove, at least in sections.

[0021] The extrusion die may comprise a housing. The housing may be formed in multiple parts. The housing may comprise multiple housing sections or housing parts. The at least one distribution element may be arranged within the housing. The at least one melt channel may be arranged within the housing.

[0022] The at least one melt channel and / or the at least one distribution element can be arranged and / or aligned substantially in the axial direction, in particular the extrusion direction.

[0023] The melt channels and / or melt streams can be joined one behind the other essentially in the axial direction, in particular in the extrusion direction. The joining of individual melt channels and / or melt streams can be realized one behind the other essentially in the axial direction, in particular in the extrusion direction, and / or radial direction, for example by means of an L- or T-shaped connecting arrangement or connecting piece.

[0024] At least two melt channels can merge into a common annular melt channel toward the melt outlet. This annular melt channel can be thermally separated, at least in sections. The annular melt channel can be substantially concentric with the extrusion direction or extrusion axis. The annular melt channel can be an annular gap melt channel. The annular melt channel can be designed to create an annular gap flow of the plastic melt. At least two melt streams can be converged in the annular melt channel.

[0025] The respective thermal separation can be formed by a gap and / or cavity. The gap and / or cavity can be annular and / or spiral-shaped. The gap can be an annular gap, air gap or vacuum gap. The cavity can be a chamber, such as a hollow chamber and / or vacuum chamber. The gap and / or cavity can have an inlet or inlet and / or outlet or outlet for a temperature control medium. The respective thermal separation can additionally or alternatively be formed by an insulating element. The insulating element can be arranged completely or at least partially within the gap or cavity. The insulating element can be arranged completely or at least partially on the at least one melt channel, for example on a surface, such as a contact surface and / or at fastening points, such as screw points, of the at least one melt channel.The insulation element can form and / or delimit the at least one melt channel, at least in sections. The insulation element can be cylindrical and / or pot-shaped. The insulation element can be made of a material with a low thermal conductivity coefficient. Materials, such as steel, that have different thermal conductivity coefficients can be provided. The insulation element can be made of a metal, such as steel or other alloys, plastic and / or insulating material, for example wool, such as mineral wool or glass wool, or at least comprise one of these. The insulating material can be a synthetic and / or natural fiber insulating material. The insulation element can also comprise a natural material. In particular, the material of the insulation element can be designed as a poor thermal conductor.The insulation element can be designed as an intermediate piece and / or connecting piece for at least one distribution element, for example for the first distribution element. The insulation element can be designed as an insulating sleeve or insulating bushing. The thermal separation and / or the insulation element can be designed as a coating, in particular an insulating coating. The coating can be provided at least in sections inside or outside the at least one melt channel. For example, the coating can be an inner coating or outer coating of the at least one melt channel. The at least one melt channel can be coated at least in sections with an insulating coating. The coating can be made of metal, such as steel or other alloys, and / or of plastic. In particular, the material of the coating can be designed as a poor heat conductor or have a low thermal conductivity coefficient.

[0026] The insulation element or the insulation sleeve or insulation bushing can be arranged around at least a portion of at least one melt channel. The insulation element or the insulation sleeve or insulation bushing can have at least one heating and / or cooling element. The heating and / or cooling elements can be controlled via temperature control devices. The heating and / or cooling elements can be designed as electrical and / or hydraulic heating and / or cooling elements. The heating element can be a heating band. The heating band can be a ceramic heating band, an aluminum heating band, or a mica heating band.

[0027] The gap or cavity can be filled and / or fillable with a temperature control medium, such as heating or cooling medium, for example with a gas such as air, and / or with a fluid such as water and / or oil. A vacuum can essentially be provided and / or generated in the gap and / or cavity. The thermal separations, in particular the respective gaps, cavities, insulation elements, insulation sleeves, or insulation bushings, can be provided with or connected to independent temperature control devices. For example, a temperature control medium at a predetermined temperature can flow and / or be fed through each gap or cavity or through selected gaps or cavities in order to appropriately temperature control the plastic melt in the associated melt channel, such as to heat or cool it, or to maintain it at a predetermined temperature. Another aspect relates to an extrusion system.The extrusion system can be configured and / or designed to produce a hollow plastic profile, such as a plastic pipe, for example, a multi-layer pipe. The extrusion system can comprise an extrusion die. The extrusion die can be designed as described above and / or below. The extrusion system can further comprise at least one extruder. The at least one extruder can be a single-screw extruder or a twin-screw extruder. The extrusion system can provide an extruder for each melt inlet of the extrusion die.

[0028] In summary and to put it another way, the invention thus results, among other things, in an extrusion tool, such as a pipe tool / pipe head / multi-layer pipe head, in which a different structure is provided, wherein the melt-carrying components can be mounted so as to be movable relative to one another and / or can be made from materials with low expansion coefficients (thermal expansion coefficients) and / or can be designed so that expansion can be compensated. For example, a floating bearing for the melt line(s) (melt channel(s)) can be provided for this purpose. The structure can also ensure that the various plastics, with their different temperatures, remain separate from one another for as long as possible. This can be achieved by thermally separating the layers or plastic melts, by temperature control of the layers or plastic melts and / or by bringing the layers or plastic melts together as late as possible.Plastic melting takes place in the tool.

[0029] With the invention, materials or plastic melts that require processing at different temperatures for technical reasons can be processed within a single tool. Damage to the components, especially during continuous operation, can be avoided. A longer service life is enabled. A multi-stage extrusion process can be eliminated because only one tool is required. A larger tolerance range and thus lower production costs can be achieved. Economic throughput can be improved. The tool is also suitable for the production of large-diameter pipes. Coverage of a wide pipe dimension range per tool is possible. Furthermore, a large processing window for different plastics is possible.

[0030] In the following, embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to a figure, which shows schematically and by way of example:

[0031] Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an extrusion tool;

[0032] Fig. 2 a variant of a floating / movable bearing; and

[0033] Fig. 3 another variant of a floating / movable bearing.

[0034] Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of an extrusion die 100. The extrusion die 100 is designed as a pipe extrusion die, for example, as a pipe head, for producing a hollow plastic multilayer pipe. In the present embodiment, the extrusion die 100 can be fed with three plastic melts to thus produce a three-layer plastic pipe.

[0035] The extrusion die 100 comprises at least one melt channel 102, which runs between a melt inlet 104 and a melt outlet 106. At least a portion of the melt channel 102 is mounted in a substantially floating / movable manner. For this purpose, the extrusion die has at least one bearing 108, which is designed to mount the at least one melt channel 102 in a substantially floating / movable manner.

[0036] The at least one bearing 108 is designed such that, in particular, the at least one melt channel 102 and a section of the extrusion tool 100 or the housing / housing section of the extrusion tool 100 are movable relative to one another, and expansion and / or compensation of thermal expansion is compensated. In the present exemplary embodiment, the at least one bearing 108 has two bearing elements 110 and 112. The two bearing elements 110 and 112 of the at least one bearing 108 are arranged on opposite sides of a melt channel section 114 of the at least one melt channel 102. Furthermore, the two bearing elements 110 and 112 are firmly connected to the at least one melt channel 102. The bearing elements 110, 112 are each designed to be movable or displaceable relative to a section of the extrusion tool 100 or to the housing / housing section of the extrusion tool 100. The section orHousing section of the extrusion tool can / can, in particular the bearing elements 1 10, 1 12 surrounding.

[0037] Construction elements. The at least one bearing 108 is thus designed as a support bearing. Alternatively, a bearing element, e.g., the bearing element 110, can be axially fixed, e.g., relative to the section of the

[0038] Extrusion tool 100 or to the housing / housing section of the

[0039] Extrusion tool 100. The bearing 108 can thus alternatively be designed as a fixed-loose bearing. The at least one melt channel 102 can thus expand or move due to thermal expansion essentially in the longitudinal direction or against the extrusion direction. This allows compensation for thermal expansion and prevents damage to the at least one melt channel 102 or the housing or sections / elements of the extrusion tool 100.

[0040] Furthermore, the at least one melt channel 102 is designed to be thermally separated, at least in sections. In the present exemplary embodiment, the thermal separation is realized by a gap or cavity 116. In addition, the at least one melt channel 102 is partially surrounded by at least one insulating element 118 designed as an insulating sleeve. The insulating sleeve can have one or more cooling and / or heating elements. The heating element can be a heating band. The heating band can be a ceramic heating band, an aluminum heating band, or a mica heating band.

[0041] For temperature control, a temperature control medium, such as a heating medium or coolant, for example a gas such as air, and / or a fluid such as water and / or oil, can additionally be fed into the cavity 116 by means of a temperature control device. Alternatively, a vacuum can be provided and / or generated in the cavity 116.

[0042] Fig. 2 shows a variant of a floating / movable bearing 200. In contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 , in the present embodiment according to Fig. 2 the at least one melt channel 102 is formed in several parts, here in two parts, and has a first part 202 and a second part 204.

[0043] The two parts 202 and 204 of the at least one melt channel 102 are designed to be displaceable relative to one another, essentially in the longitudinal direction of the at least one melt channel 102. Furthermore, the two parts 202 and 204 of the at least one melt channel 102 are designed to be displaceable into one another, with the second part 204 being displaceable into the first part 202.

[0044] Between the two parts 202, 204 of the at least one melt channel 102, a fit or sealing surface 206 is effectively provided in sections so that the plastic melt cannot escape through a gap.

[0045] Furthermore, reference is made in particular to Fig. 1 and the associated description.

[0046] Fig. 3 shows a further variant of a floating / movable bearing 300. According to this embodiment, the at least one melt channel 102 is also formed in two parts and has a first part 302 and a second part 304.

[0047] In contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 2, the two parts 302 and 304 of the present embodiment according to Fig. 3 are not displaceable into one another, but are only displaceable relative to one another, essentially in the longitudinal direction of the at least one melt channel 102.

[0048] An elastic element 306 is operatively arranged between the two parts 302, 304 of the at least one melt channel 102. The elastic element 306 is designed as a bellows. Alternatively, the elastic element 306 can be designed as a spring element. The bellows is flexible and enables the movement of the two parts 302, 304 relative to one another.

[0049] Furthermore, reference is made in particular to Figures 1 and 2 and the associated description.

[0050] "May" refers in particular to optional features of the invention. Accordingly, there are also further developments and / or embodiments of the invention that additionally or alternatively comprise the respective feature(s).

[0051] If necessary, isolated features may also be selected from the combinations of features disclosed here and used in combination with other features to define the subject matter of the claim, dissolving any structural and / or functional connection that may exist between the features.

[0052] List of reference symbols

[0053] Extrusion tool

[0054] Melt channel

[0055] Melt inlet

[0056] Melt outlet

[0057] storage

[0058] Bearing element

[0059] Bearing element

[0060] Pipe section

[0061] gap / cavity

[0062] Insulation element / insulating sleeve

[0063] Bearing first part of the melt channel second part of the melt channel Fit / sealing surface

[0064] Bearing first part of the melt channel second part of the melt channel elastic element

Claims

Patent claims 1. Extrusion tool (100), in particular a pipe extrusion tool, for producing a hollow plastic profile, in particular a plastic pipe, comprising at least one melt channel (102) which runs between a melt inlet (104) and a melt outlet (106) and a nozzle and / or a nozzle set, wherein the melt outlet (106) is designed such that a plastic melt and / or the produced hollow plastic profile is transferred to the nozzle and / or the nozzle set, characterized in that at least a section of the melt channel (102) is designed to be substantially floating and / or movable.

2. Extrusion tool (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the extrusion tool (100) has at least one bearing (108, 200, 300) which is designed to support the at least one melt channel (102) in a substantially floating and / or movable manner.

3. Extrusion tool (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one bearing (108, 200, 300) is designed as a support bearing or as a fixed-loose bearing.

4. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one melt channel (102) and / or the at least one bearing (108, 200, 300) is made at least in sections from a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

5. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one melt channel (102) and the at least one bearing (108, 200, 300) and / or the at least one melt channel (102) or its at least one section and at least one section of the extrusion tool (100) adjacent thereto, such as a housing section, has different thermal expansion coefficients.

6. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one melt channel (102) and / or the at least one bearing (108, 200, 300) is made at least in sections from a material that is elastically deformable.

7. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one bearing (108, 200, 300) and / or the at least one melt channel (102) is flexible and / or bendable.

8. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one melt channel (102) is designed in several parts, in particular in two parts, wherein the parts (202, 204, 302, 304) of the at least one melt channel (102) are designed to be displaceable relative to one another, in particular substantially in its longitudinal direction.

9. Extrusion tool (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the parts (202, 204) of the at least one melt channel (102) are designed to be displaceable into one another.

10. Extrusion tool (100) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a fit (206) and / or sealing surface (206) and / or seal is effective and / or provided between the parts (202, 204) of the at least one melt channel (102).

11. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims 8 to 10, characterized in that between the parts (302, 304) of the at least one melt channel (102) an elastic element (306), in particular a spring element and / or bellows, such as a bellows, is effective and / or arranged.

12. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one melt channel (102) is designed to be thermally separated at least in sections, preferably the at least one melt channel (102) runs through the extrusion tool in a thermally separated manner.

13. Extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extrusion tool (100) has a plurality of melt channels (102) and the plurality, preferably two, three or four, melt channels (102) are thermally separated from one another at least in sections.

14. Extrusion tool (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one bearing (108) is designed such that the at least one melt channel (102) and a section of the extrusion tool (100), the housing or a housing section of the extrusion tool (100) are movable relative to one another and an expansion and / or compensation of thermal expansions is compensated.

15. Extrusion tool (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one bearing (108) has two bearing elements (110, 112), wherein the two bearing elements (110, 112) are arranged on opposite sides of a melt channel section (114) of the at least one melt channel (102) and preferably the two bearing elements (110, 112) are firmly connected to the at least one melt channel (102) and are each designed to be movable or displaceable relative to a section of the extrusion tool (100), to the housing or to a housing section of the extrusion tool (100).

16. Extrusion system comprising at least one extruder; and an extrusion tool (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims.

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