Insulation panel

Abstract

It refers to an insulation panel to be applied to the interior or exterior walls or screed of a building for thermal insulation.

Description

[0001] INSULATION PANEL

[0002] Descrizione

[0003] The present invention relates generally to an insulation panel. More specifically, it relates to an insulation panel to be applied to the internal or external walls or screed of a building to thermally insulate it.

[0004] As is well known, in the building sector, one of the main objectives is to achieve high energy performance of buildings, improving living comfort, ensuring excellent thermal insulation, insulation from heat and cold, reducing energy consumption for both winter heating and summer cooling.

[0005] This objective is also sought after in the case of renovations, in order to improve existing buildings from an energy point of view.

[0006] One of the most effective tools for improving a building's energy performance is thermal insulation, a thermal envelope insulation system that optimises insulation between the building's interior and exterior.

[0007] The thermal coat also contributes to increasing the acoustic insulation level of the house and solves the problem of thermal bridges, i.e. the points of the building envelope where heat dispersion occurs or where condensation and mould form.

[0008] Moreover, the implementation of thermal insulation and the resulting energy efficiency leads to an improvement in the building's energy class, thus ensuring a revaluation of the building itself.

[0009] A thermal insulation coat, whether it is realised outside or inside the building, comprises several elements such as adhesive, a layer of thermal insulation material, anchoring dowels, a base plaster, a reinforcing layer or reinforcement, a finishing plaster and any accessories.

[0010] The layer of thermal insulation material can be realised in different ways, for example by means of prefabricated panels or a resin or other material applied on site. One of the problems with solutions, whether prefabricated panels or substances applied on site, is their synthetic nature.

[0011] It is, therefore, a material that is often easily flammable, with obvious negative consequences on the safety of the building thus created.

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an insulation panel that solves these and other problems of known systems.

[0013] A further scope of the invention is to provide an insulation panel that is flame retardant.

[0014] A further object of the invention is to provide an insulation panel that enables high energy performance to be achieved by the building being insulated by such panels.

[0015] These and other purposes are all achieved, according to the invention, by an insulation panel to be applied to the internal or external walls or screed of a building to thermally insulate it.

[0016] In particular, the insulation panel according to the invention is characterised by comprising at least two of the following substances: aerogel, expanded perlite, white cement, calcite, polyurethane liquid.

[0017] The insulation panel according to the invention can thus guarantee important flame retardant properties.

[0018] Advantageously, in the insulation panel according to the prior invention, the following substances can be included:

[0019] - perlite for a volume percentage of between 22% and 37%;

[0020] - aerogel for a volume percentage of between 22% and 37%;

[0021] - polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage of between 12% and 17%;

[0022] - calcite for a volume percentage between 2% and 7%;

[0023] - white cement for a volume percentage between 15% and 25%.

[0024] Advantageously, the insulation panel according to the invention may include the following substances:

[0025] - perlite for a volume percentage of 30%;

[0026] - aerogel for a volume percentage of 30%;

[0027] - polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage of 15%;

[0028] - calcite for a volume percentage of 5%;

[0029] - white cement for a volume percentage of 20%.

[0030] The advantages and purposes of the invention are also obtained by means of a process for making an insulation panel, in which a first mixture and a second mixture are combined; in particular, the first mixture comprises a set of substances, listed below

[0031] - perlite for a volume percentage between 15% and 25%;

[0032] - aerogel for a volume percentage between 40% and 60%; polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage of between 25% and 35%; and the second mixture comprises a mixture of the following substances

[0033] - aerogel for a volume percentage of between 5% and 15%;

[0034] - expanded perlite for a volume percentage of between 30% and 50%;

[0035] - calcite for a volume percentage of between 5% and 15%;

[0036] - white cement for a volume percentage between 30% and 50%.

[0037] Advantageously, the first mix may comprise:

[0038] - perlite for a volume percentage of 20%;

[0039] - aerogel for a volume percentage of 50%;

[0040] - polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage of 30%.

[0041] In addition, the second mixture may comprise:

[0042] - aerogel for a volume percentage equal to 10%;

[0043] - expanded perlite at a volume percentage of 40%;

[0044] - calcite for a volume percentage of 10%;

[0045] - white cement for a volume percentage of 40%. Advantageously, the first mixture and the second mixture can be made at the same time and be poured in layers into a mould.

[0046] Furthermore, the substance obtained in the mould is pressed by means of a motorised hydraulic press, resulting in a block.

[0047] Advantageously, the resulting block can be cut into slices to make various insulation panels.

[0048] Further features and details will be better understood from the following description, given as a non-limiting example.

[0049] An insulation panel according to the invention, conforms like a sheet, having a parallelepiped shape.

[0050] The insulation panel according to the invention comprises:

[0051] - aerogel,

[0052] - expanded perlite

[0053] - white cement,

[0054] - calcite,

[0055] - polyurethane liquid.

[0056] In particular, there is a higher density of perlite, calcite and white cement on the sides.

[0057] To obtain the insulation panel according to the invention, two separate mixtures are made.

[0058] The first mixture comprises a set of substances, listed below:

[0059] - perlite for a volume percentage of between 15% and 25%;

[0060] - aerogel for a volume percentage of between 40% and 60%;

[0061] - polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage between 25% and 35%.

[0062] In particular, the first mixture comprises the substances listed above in the following proportions

[0063] - perlite for a volume percentage of 20%; - aerogel for a volume percentage of 50%;

[0064] - polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage equal to 30%.

[0065] The second mixture comprises a set of substances, listed below:

[0066] - aerogel for a volume percentage between 5% and 15%;

[0067] - expanded perlite for a volume percentage of between 30% and 50%;

[0068] - calcite for a volume percentage of between 5% and 15%;

[0069] - white cement for a volume percentage between 30% and 50%.

[0070] In particular, the second mixture comprises the substances listed above in the following proportions

[0071] - aerogel for a volume percentage of 10%;

[0072] - expanded perlite for a volume percentage equal to 40%;

[0073] - calcite for a volume percentage equal to 10%;

[0074] - white cement for a volume percentage of 40%.

[0075] The two mixtures are made at the same time and are poured in layers into a mould with a size of 50x60x150 cm.

[0076] Subsequently, the combination of the two mixtures is pressed using a motorised hydraulic press at 30 tonnes.

[0077] The blocks thus produced are then cut into slices to make the panels according to the invention.

[0078] The insulation panel according to the invention can be used directly on the outer walls of buildings, columns and beams, on rough and fine plaster, on bricks, and on pumice blocks.

[0079] Fixative must necessarily be used in the case of applications on concrete and painted surfaces.

[0080] In the case of applications on painted or plastered surfaces, these must be scraped off. In addition, it is preferable that the application surface be cleaned of dust. The surface of the insulation panel to be bonded is prepared with suitable adhesive using a spatula. In particular, the adhesive must be properly distributed and levelled out.

[0081] On the side edges, it is preferable to apply adhesive paste with perlite, which has high adhesion and thermal insulation properties.

[0082] The use of dowels is also recommended.

[0083] Furthermore, 12 to 24 hours after application, the decorative plaster can be applied to the insulation boards according to the invention.

[0084] For an optimal result, the application surface and the external environment should have a temperature above 5 °C.

[0085] If the temperature is above 35 °C, the amount of water with which the adhesive is mixed must be increased in view of the possible loss of moisture.

[0086] With adhesive mortar and joint filler, the fixing time is extended at low temperatures and shortened at high temperatures.

[0087] It is preferable not to apply insulation panels according to the invention on frozen surfaces or surfaces that have been frozen in the last 24 hours, as well as to avoid application in strong wind or sunshine.

[0088] Furthermore, the insulation panel according to the invention is not classified as hazardous in terms of environmental impact.

[0089] The panel thus produced has the following measurements: length 60 cm, width 40 cm and thickness 4 cm.

[0090] A person skilled in the art may envisage modifications or variations which are to be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] For example, the dimensions of the insulation panel may vary from those of the previously described embodiment.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Insulation panel to be applied to the interior or exterior walls or screed of a building for thermal insulation, characterized by including at least two of the following substances: aerogel, expanded perlite, white cement, calcite, polyurethane liquid.

2. Insulation panel according to the preceding claim, wherein the following substances are included:- perlite for a volume percentage between 22% and 37%;- aerogel for a volume percentage between 22% and 37%;- polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage between 12% and 17%;- calcite for a volume percentage between 2% and 7%;- white cement for a volume percentage between 15% and 25%.

3. Insulation panel according to the preceding claim, wherein the following substances are included:- perlite for a volume percentage of 30%;- aerogel for a volume percentage of 30%;- polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage of 15%;- calcite for a volume percentage of 5%;- white cement for a volume percentage of 20%.

4. Process for making an insulating panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a first mixture and a second mixture are combined, wherein the first mixture comprises a set of substances, listed below:- perlite for a volume percentage between 15% and 25%;- aerogels for a volume percentage between 40% and 60%;- polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage between 25% and 35%; where the second mixture comprises a set of substances, listed below:- aerogel for a volume percentage between 5% and 15%;- expanded perlite for a volume percentage between 30% and 50%;- calcite for a volume percentage between 5% and 15%;- white cement for a volume percentage between 30% and 50%.

5. Process according to the preceding claim, wherein the first mixture comprises:- perlite for a volume percentage of 20%;- aerogel for a volume percentage of 50%;- polyurethane liquids for a volume percentage of 30%.

6. Process according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the second mixture comprises:- aerogel for a volume percentage equal to 10%;- expanded perlite for a volume percentage equal to 40%;- calcite for a volume percentage equal to 10%;- white cement for a volume percentage equal to 40%.

7. Process according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the first mixture and the second mixture are made at the same time and are poured in layers into a mold.

8. Process according to the preceding claim, wherein the substance obtained in the mold is pressed by means of a motorized hydraulic press, resulting in a block.

9. Process according to the preceding claim, wherein the block is cut into slices thus making various insulation panels.

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