Process of recycling ester-based polymer and composition obtained therefrom
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BASF SE
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-27
AI Technical Summary
Current recycling methods for polyurethane materials, such as glycolysis, produce hazardous aromatic diamine compounds like TDA and MDA, and result in performance reduction due to degradation, oxidation, and hydrolysis during high-temperature processing, limiting their applicability.
A process involving the reaction of polyurethane-containing materials with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, which produces a polyol composition with low or no amine compounds, suitable for direct use in producing new polymers.
The process effectively recycles polyurethane materials and other ester-based polymers, reducing hazardous byproducts and maintaining performance, enabling the one-shot recycling of various articles without physical separation.
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Figure PCTCN2024106178-FTAPPB-I100001 
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Figure PCTCN2024106178-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
PROCESS OF RECYCLING ESTER-BASED POLYMER AND COMPOSITION OBTAINED THEREFROMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a process of recycling a material containing an ester-based polymer. In particular, the present invention relates to a process of recycling a material contain-ing a polyester polyol-based polyurethane, to a composition obtained therefrom, and to the use of the composition.BACKGROUND
[0002] Recycling of materials, such as polyurethane (PU) materials, can save raw materials and re-duce carbon dioxide emission and material costs, and is important in the modern industry. The approach for the recycling of materials has been studied and developed in the art. Current poly-urethane-recycling techniques have various limitations.
[0003] For example, WO 2012 / 065291 A1 suggests recycling crosslinked polyurethane materials via a process of producing composite materials made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and of polyurethane, where the crosslinked polyurethane and the thermoplastic polyurethane are mixed at temperatures above the melting point of the TPU for homogenization, and the mixture is charged into a mold and is cooled to a temperature below the melting point of the TPU. How-ever, during high-temperature reprocessing, the materials will undergo degradation, oxidation, and hydrolysis, which will inevitably result in performance reduction. In addition, this recycling method may not be applicable for highly crosslinked polyurethane.
[0004] Another approach is the glycolysis of materials of this type, where the polyurethane materials are treated with appropriate glycols or alcohols at high temperatures. For example, US5300530A suggests glycolysis of polyurethane, where the polyurethane materials are treated with appropriate glycols or alcohols at high temperatures, and the urethane group is cleaved to generate polyols and aromatic diamines such as toluene diamine (TDA) and methylenediphenyl diamine (MDA) . However, this glycolysis method has several limitations. The crude glycolysis polyol product contains aromatic diamine residuals such as TDA and MDA, which are consid-ered carcinogens. Removal of TDA and MDA requires extensive efforts. In addition, the crude glycolysis polyol product has a much higher reactivity than the virgin polyols, which makes it difficult to control the reaction with isocyanates to generate a new polyurethane article.
[0005] There is a need in the art to provide a process of recycling materials, which is simple and is easy to be carried out, and is applicable for recycling not only polyurethane materials, but theo-retically any ester-based polymers. In addition, little or even no hazardous aromatic diamine compound such as TDA and MDA is produced during the process. Also, there is a need in the art to provide a composition, which is obtainable directly from a recycling process and can be used directly as the raw material for the production of new polymers.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] It is an objective of the present invention to provide a process of recycling materials. The pro-cess is applicable for recycling polyurethane materials together with any other ester-based pol-ymers, including polyester polyol-based polyurethane (such as crosslinked polyurethane and thermoplastic polyurethane) , polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) , thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) , polyarylate (PAR) , polycarbonate (PC) , and other ester-based polymers, and is simple and easy to be carried out.
[0007] It is another objective of the present invention to provide a composition, which contains low amount of or no amine compounds and can be used directly as the raw material for the produc-tion of new polymers.
[0008] It is another objective of the present invention to provide the use of the composition in preparing articles, such as footwear, textiles, and other polyurethane-containing articles.
[0009] It has been surprisingly found that the above objectives can be achieved by following embodi-ments:
[0010] 1. A polyol composition, comprising:
[0011] a polyol component (a) having a linkage A-containing moiety, wherein linkage A is selected from a group consisting of urethane linkage and urea linkage,
[0012] wherein the polyol composition is obtained by reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and
[0013] wherein the amount of amine in the polyol composition is not more than 2%by weight, pref-erably not more than 0.5%by weight, more preferably not more than 0.1%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition.
[0014] 2. The polyol composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy al-cohol having a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, preferably the number average molecular weight of the polyester pol-yol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol.
[0015] 3. The polyol composition according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the polyol composition has a number average molecular weight in the range from 100 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 500 to 15,000 g / mol, more preferably in the range from 800 to 5,000 g / mol.
[0016] 4. The polyol composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the polyol com-position has a OH number in the range from 2.25 to 1, 122 mg KOH / g, preferably in the range from 7.5 to 224 mg KOH / g, more preferably in the range from 40 to 150 mg KOH / g.
[0017] 5. The polyol composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the polyol com-position has a viscosity in the range from 5 to 5,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, preferably in the range from 50 to 90,000 mPa*s@75℃, more preferably in the range from 1,000 to 15,000 mPa*s@75℃.
[0018] 6. The polyol composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the polyure-thane is a polyester polyol-based polyurethane.
[0019] 7. The polyol composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the polyure-thane-containing material further comprises an ester-based polymer component, preferably the ester-based polymer component is selected from polyesters and polycarbonates, more prefera-bly is selected from polyesters.
[0020] 8. The polyol composition according to embodiment 7, wherein the polyester is selected from a group consisting of an aromatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, and a polylactone, more preferably a group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, pol-ylactide, and polycaprolactone.
[0021] 9. The polyol composition according to embodiment 7 or 8, wherein the ester-based polymer component is comprised in an amount of 1 to 60%by weight, preferably 20 to 55%by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane-containing material.
[0022] 10. The polyol composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein the polyure-thane-containing material comprises the polyurethane in an amount of not less than 40%by weight, preferably not less than 70%by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane-containing material.
[0023] 11. A process of preparing the polyol composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, comprising the step of:
[0024] (i) reacting the polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups.
[0025] 12. The process according to embodiment 11, wherein no catalyst is added in step (i) .
[0026] 13. The process according to embodiment 11 or 12, wherein the transesterification reagent con-taining at least 2 hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy alcohol having a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, preferably the number average molecular weight of the polyester polyol con-taining at least 2 hydroxyl groups is in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol.
[0027] 14. The process according to any one of embodiments 11 to 13, wherein step (i) is carried out at a temperature of from 150℃ to 250℃.
[0028] 15. Use of the polyol composition of any one of embodiments 1 to 10 or the product obtained from the process of any one of embodiments 11 to 14, in preparing footwear, textiles, and other polyurethane-containing articles.
[0029] The composition of the present invention has little or no hazardous aromatic diamine such as TDA and MDA, can be obtained directly from recycling polyurethane-containing materials, such as polyurethane-containing wastes, and can be used directly as the raw material for the produc-tion of new polyurethane materials.
[0030] In addition, the process of the present invention is applicable for recycling polyurethane materi-als together with any other ester-based polymers, including polyester polyol-based polyurethane (such as crosslinked polyurethane and thermoplastic polyurethane) , polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) , thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) , polyarylate (PAR) , polycarbonate (PC) , and the like, and is simple and easy to be carried out. This wide spectrum of recycling materials also enables the one-shot recycling of various articles, e.g., the footwear prepared with PU sole and PET fiber, without the need of time-consuming or labor-intensive physical separation. Furthermore, there is little or even no hazardous aromatic dia-mine such as TDA and MDA formed during the process of the present invention, as compared to the glycolysis method.
[0031] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] Figure 1 is a quantitative 13CNMR spectrum of rePESOL 8 in examples (NS: 512; PULPROG: zgig; SW: 236 ppm; O1 P: 100 ppm) recorded from 18 ppm to 218 ppm at a test temperature of 298K.
[0033] Figure 2 shows 110-180 ppm region of 13CNMR spectrum of rePESOL 8 sample in examples, with specific peaks assigned to ester linkage (171-174 ppm) and urethane linkage (154 ppm) .DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0034] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. As used herein, the following terms have the meanings ascribed to them below, unless specified other-wise.
[0035] The articles “a” , “an” and “the” mean one or more of the species designated by the term follow-ing said article.
[0036] In the context of the present invention, any specific values mentioned for a feature (comprising the specific values mentioned in a range as the end point) can be recombined to form a new range.
[0037] Further embodiments of the present invention are discernible from the claims, the description, and the examples. It will be understood that the aforementioned and hereinbelow still to be elu-cidated features of the subject matter of the present invention are utilizable not only in the par-ticular combination indicated, but also in other combinations without leaving the realm of the present invention.
[0038] Composition
[0039] One aspect of the present invention relates to a polyol composition, comprising:
[0040] a polyol component (a) having a linkage A-containing moiety, wherein linkage A is selected from a group consisting of urethane linkage and urea linkage,
[0041] wherein the polyol composition is obtained by reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and
[0042] wherein the amount of amine in the polyol composition is not more than 2%by weight, pref-erably not more than 0.5%by weight, more preferably not more than 0.1%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition.
[0043] Preferably, polyol component (a) of the present invention is a bifunctional or polyfunctional pol-yol component. For example, the hydroxy functionality of polyol component (a) is equal to or more than 2, such as 3 or more, 4 or more, 5 or more, 6 or more, 7 or more, 8 or more, 9 or more, 10 or more. In a preferred embodiment, the hydroxy functionality of polyol component (a) may be in a range of 2 to 10, such as 2 to 6.
[0044] The amount of polyol component (a) of the present invention can be in the range from 1 to 99%by weight, for example 5%by weight, 10%by weight, 15%by weight, 20%by weight, 25%by weight, 30%by weight, 35%by weight, 40%by weight, 45%by weight, 50%by weight, 55%by weight, 60%by weight, 65%by weight, 70%by weight, 75%by weight, 80%by weight, 85%by weight, 90%by weight, 95%by weight, 99%by weight, or of any amount between these values, such as from 5 to 95%by weight, preferably from 10 to 90%by weight, more preferably from 20 to 80%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition of the present invention.
[0045] The polyurethane-containing material suitable for the present invention may be selected from those polymer materials in the art and can be determined by a skilled person, provided that it contains polyurethane. Preferably, the polyurethane-containing material may comprise a polyu-rethane waste, such as those from the industry, post-consumer footwear, post-consumer gar-ments, or post-consumer electronics.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the polyurethane in the polyurethane-containing material comprises a polyester polyol-based polyurethane. More preferably, the polyurethane in the polyurethane-containing material is a polyester polyol-based polyurethane.
[0047] The amount of polyurethane in the polyurethane-containing material suitable for the present invention can be in the range of not less than 40%by weight, for example not less than 43%by weight, not less than 47%by weight, not less than 50%by weight, not less than 52%by weight, not less than 55%by weight, not less than 57%by weight, not less than 60%by weight, not less than 62%by weight, not less than 65%by weight, preferably not less than 67%by weight, more preferably not less than 70%by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane-containing material.
[0048] The polyester polyol-based polyurethane usable in the present invention has no specific limita-tion, provided that it is a polyester polyol-based polyurethane. For example, the polyester poly- ol-based polyurethane may comprise the reaction product of a polyisocyanate, a polyester poly-ol, and optionally chain extender / crosslinker.
[0049] The polyisocyanate may be selected from a group consisting of any organic compound having two or more isocyanate groups per molecule, such as diisocyanate, including not only those in which the isocyanate groups are attached to a hydrocarbon radical but also those in which the isocyanate groups are attached to a radical including a heteroatom such as oxygen or nitrogen, for example as part of ester groups, ether groups, and the like, isocyanate-terminated prepoly-mers, as well as combinations of these.
[0050] Polyester polyols for forming the polyester polyol-based polyurethane can, for example, be pre-pared from organic dicarboxylic acids having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably dicarboxylic acids having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols, preferably diols, having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Possible dicarboxylic acids are, for example: succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dec-anedicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. The dicarboxylic acids can be used either individually or in admixture with one another. In place of the free dicarboxylic acids, it is also possible to use the corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives, e.g., dicarboxylic esters of alcohols having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or dicarboxylic anhydrides. Preference is given to using dicarboxylic acid mixtures of succinic, glutaric and adipic acids in weight ratios of, for example, 20-35: 35-50: 20-32, and in particular adipic acid. Examples of dihydric and polyhydric alcohols, in particular diols, are: ethanediol, diethylene gly-col, 1, 2-or 1, 3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, glycerol and trimethylolpropane. Preference is given to using ethanediol, di-ethylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol and 1, 6-hexanediol. It is also possible to use polyester polyols derived from lactones, e.g., ε-caprolactone, or hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g., ω-hydroxycaproic acid.
[0051] The polyester polyol-based polyurethane usable in the present invention may further take a chain extender and / or a crosslinker as one of the raw materials.
[0052] Suitable chain extender or crosslinker may be selected by a skilled person and may comprise aliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic, and / or cycloaliphatic compounds having two or three functional groups. For example, the chain extender or crosslinker suitable for the present invention may be selected from bifunctional or trifunctional amines and alcohols, in particular diols, triols or both, such as diamines and / or alkanediols having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical. In an embodiment of the invention, the polyol composition of the present invention may further comprise a polyol component (b) without the linkage A-containing moiety. For example, polyol component (b) in the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of polyester polyols, polyether polyols, and any mixture thereof.
[0053] Preferably, in an embodiment of the invention, the polyurethane-containing material used for obtaining the polyol composition of the present invention may further comprise an ester-based polymer component.
[0054] In the present invention, when the term “ester-based polymer component” is used, it means a component of the polyurethane-containing material other than the polyurethane component con-tained therein. Also, in the present invention, the term “polyester polyol” is not a “ester-based polymer component” in concept. Therefore, for example, in the polyurethane-containing material suitable for the present invention, a polyester polyol-based polyurethane is classified as a polyu-rethane component, but not an ester-based polymer component.
[0055] Preferably the ester-based polymer component is selected from polyesters and polycarbonates.
[0056] Suitable polyester may be selected from a group consisting of an aromatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, and a polylactone.
[0057] For example, suitable polyesters may be derived from dicarboxylic acids and diols and / or from hydroxycarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactones or lactides. For example, the polyester suitable for the present invention is selected from a group consisting of polyalkylene aryl-dicarboxylate and polyarylate, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-1, 4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polyalkylene naphthalate and polyhydroxybenzo-ates, and also polyesters modified with polycarbonates; copolyesters, for example -but are not limited to -polybutylenesuccinate / terephthalate, polybutyleneadipate / terephthalate, polytetra-methyleneadipate / terephthalate, polybutylene succinate / -adipate, polybutylene succin-ate / carbonate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate / octanoate copolymer, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate / hexanoate / decanoate terpolymer; aliphatic polyesters, for example -but are not limited to -the class of poly (hydroxyalkanoates) , in particular, poly (propiolactone) , poly (butyrolactone) , poly (pivalolactone) , poly (valerolactone) and poly (caprolactone) , polyethyl-enesuccinate, polypropylenesuccinate, polybutylenesuccinate, polyhexamethylenesuccinate, polyethyleneadipate, polypropyleneadipate, polybutyleneadipate, polyhexamethyleneadipate, polyethyleneoxalate, polypropyleneoxalate, polybutylene-oxalate, polyhexamethyleneoxalate, polyethylenesebacate, polypropylenesebacate, polybutylenesebacate, polyglycolic acid, and polylactic acid (PLA) as well as corresponding polyesters modified with polycarbonates. The term "polylactic acid (PLA) " designates a homo-polymer of preferably poly-L-lactide and any of its blends or alloys with other polymers; a co-polymer of lactic acid or lactide with other mono-mers, such as hydroxy-carboxylic acids, like for example glycolic acid, 3-hydroxy-butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-valeric acid, 5-hydroxy-valeric acid, 6-hydroxy-caproic acid and cyclic forms thereof; the terms "lactic acid" or "lactide" include L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, mix-tures and dimers thereof, i.e. L-lactide, D-lactide, meso-lactide and any mixtures thereof.
[0058] Preferably, the polyester suitable as the ester-based polymer component in the present inven-tion is selected from a group consisting of polyalkylene aryl-dicarboxylate and polyarylate, more preferably a group consisting of polyC2-C8-alkylene C6-C12-aryl-dicarboxylate and polyC8-C20-arylate.
[0059] More preferably, the polyester suitable as the ester-based polymer component in the present invention is selected from a group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polylactide, and polycaprolactone.
[0060] Polycarbonates suitable as the ester-based polymer component are formed e.g., by condensa-tion of phosgene or carbonic acid esters, such as diphenyl carbonate or dimethyl carbonate, with dihydroxy compounds. Suitable dihydroxy compounds are aliphatic or aromatic dihydroxy compounds. Aromatic dihydroxy compounds which may be mentioned are, for example, bi-sphenols, such as 2, 2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane (bisphenol A) , tetraalkylbisphenol-A, 4, 4- (meta-phenylenediisopropyl) diphenol (bisphenol M) , 4, 4- (para-phenylenediisopropyl) diphenol, 1, 1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3, 3, 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane (BP-TMC) , 2, 2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-phenylethane, 1, 1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane (bisphenol Z) and optionally mixtures thereof.
[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ester-based polymer component is a polyester.
[0062] The amount of the ester-based polymer component suitable in the present invention can be in the range from 1 to 60%by weight, for example 1%by weight, 5%by weight, 10%by weight, 15%by weight, 20%by weight, 25%by weight, 30%by weight, 35%by weight, 40%by weight, 45%by weight, 50%by weight, 55%by weight, 60%by weight, or of any amount between these values, preferably from 20 to 55%by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane-containing material.
[0063] The transesterification reagent used in the present invention is a transesterification reagent con-taining at least 2 hydroxyl groups, which may be selected by a skilled person according to prac-tical application.
[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transesterification reagent useful for the present invention is selected from a group consisting of a polyhydroxy alcohol, a polyester poly-ol, and a polyether polyol.
[0065] Polyhydroxy alcohols useful as the transesterification reagent of the present invention may comprise aliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic, and / or cycloaliphatic compounds having two or three or more hydroxyl groups.
[0066] As examples of the polyhydroxy alcohols useful as the transesterification reagent of the present invention, it may be mentioned glycols having preferably 2 to 25 or 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such as 1, 2-ethanediol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1, 10-decanediol, diethylene glycol, 2, 2, 4-trimethylpentane-1, 5-diol, 2, 2-dimethylpropane-1, 3-diol, 1, 4-dimethylolcyclohexane, 1, 6-dimethylolcyclohexane, 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane (bisphenol A) , 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane (bisphenol B) or 1, 1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3, 3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane (bisphenol C) , and more highly hydric alcohols, such as trihydric (triols) , tetrahydric (tetraols) and / or pentahydric alcohols (pentaols) , including but not being limited to, glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, and the like.
[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polyhydroxy alcohols useful as the transesterifi-cation reagent of the present invention have a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, for example 60 g / mol, 70 g / mol, 100 g / mol, 150 g / mol, 200 g / mol, 300 g / mol, 400 g / mol, 500 g / mol, or have any molecular weight between these values.
[0068] Polyester polyols useful as the transesterification reagent of the present invention may be those disclosed above for the composition of the present invention. Suitable polyester polyols useful as the transesterification reagent of the present invention can be prepared, for example, from organic diacids having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably selected from a group consisting of aliphatic C2-C20 diacid and aromatic C8-C25 diacid, preferably selected from a group consisting of aliphatic C2-C10 diacid and aromatic C8-C14 diacid, and polyhydric alcohols, preferably diols having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably selected from a group consisting of aliphatic, cycloali-phatic and araliphatic diols having 2 to 14, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polyester polyols useful as the transesterifica-tion reagent of the present invention have a molecular weight of from 200 to 3,000 g / mol, for example 200 g / mol, 300 g / mol, 500 g / mol, 750 g / mol, 1,000 g / mol, 1, 500 g / mol, 2,000 g / mol, 2,500 g / mol, 3,000 g / mol, or have any molecular weight between these values. A polyester pol-yol with a relatively low molecular weight has sufficient reactivity for the transesterification.
[0070] Polyether polyols useful as the transesterification reagent of the present invention may be ob-tained by known methods, for example by polymerization of alkylene oxides with addition of at least one starter molecule which comprises from 2 to 8, preferably from 2 to 6, reactive hydro-gen atoms in the presence of a catalyst.
[0071] Examples of polyether polyols can also include a ring-opening polymer of tetrahydrofuran (poly-tetramethylene glycol, PTMEG) , natural oil-based polyether polyols like alkoxylated castor oil or other polyether polyols based on natural oils or fats, e.g., those obtained by ring opening reac-tion of epoxidized unsaturated vegetable oils, polyether polyols based on saccharides.
[0072] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polyether polyols useful as the transesterifica-tion reagent of the present invention have a molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, for example 100 g / mol, 200 g / mol, 500 g / mol, 800 g / mol, 1,000 g / mol, 1, 500 g / mol, 2,000 g / mol, 2,500 g / mol, 3,000 g / mol, or having any molecular weight between these values. Preferably the polyether polyols useful as the transesterification reagent of the present invention have a mo-lecular weight in the range from 100 to 2, 500g / mol, more preferably in the range from 200 to 2,000g / mol. A polyether polyol with a relatively low molecular weight has sufficient reactivity for the transesterification.
[0073] The amount of amine in the polyol composition of the present invention is not more than 2%by weight, for example not more than 2%by weight, not more than 1.5%by weight, not more than 1.0%by weight, preferably not more than 0.5%by weight, more preferably not more than 0.1%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition. Non-limiting examples of the amine in the polyol composition of the present invention may comprise: 4, 4’-methylenedianiline (4, 4’-MDA) , 2, 4’-methylenedianiline (2, 4’-MDA) , 2, 2’-methylenedianiline (2, 2’-MDA) , oligomeric reaction products of Formaldehyde with aniline (PMDA) , 2, 4-diaminotoluene (2, 4-TDA) , and 2, 4-diaminotoluene (2, 6-TDA) .
[0074] Preferably, the polyol composition of the present invention has a number average molecular weight in the range from 100 to 50,000 g / mol, for example 100 g / mol, 300 g / mol, 500 g / mol, 600 g / mol, 800 g / mol, 1,000 g / mol, 1, 300 g / mol, 1, 400 g / mol, 1, 500 g / mol, 1, 700 g / mol, 1, 800 g / mol, 2,000 g / mol, 2, 300 g / mol, 2, 500 g / mol, 2, 800 g / mol, 3,000 g / mol, 3, 200 g / mol, 3, 500 g / mol, 3,800 g / mol, 4,000 g / mol, 5,000 g / mol, 6,000 g / mol, 7,000 g / mol, 8,000 g / mol, 9,000 g / mol, 10,000g / mol, 15,000 g / mol, 20,000 g / mol, 23,000 g / mol, 25,000 g / mol, 30,000 g / mol, 35,000 g / mol, 40,000 g / mol, 45,000 g / mol, 50,000 g / mol, or has any weight average molecular weight between these values, preferably in the range from 500 to 15,000 g / mol, more preferably in the range from 800 to 5,000 g / mol, most preferably in the range from 1,000 to 3, 500 g / mol, meas-ured according to ISO 13885-1-2020.
[0075] Preferably, the polyol composition of the present invention has a OH number in the range from 2.25 to 1, 122 mg KOH / g, for example 5 mg KOH / g, 10 mg KOH / g, 15 mg KOH / g, 20 mg KOH / g, 30 mg KOH / g, 40 mg KOH / g, 50 mg KOH / g, 60 mg KOH / g, 70 mg KOH / g, 80 mg KOH / g, 90 mg KOH / g, 100 mg KOH / g, 120 mg KOH / g, 150 mg KOH / g, 170 mg KOH / g, 190 mg KOH / g, 200 mg KOH / g, 210 mg KOH / g, 230 mg KOH / g, 300 mg KOH / g, 500 mg KOH / g, 800 mg KOH / g, 1,000 mg KOH / g, 1, 100 mg KOH / g, or has any OH number between these values, preferably in the range from 7.5 to 800 mg KOH / g, or in the range from 7.5 to 500 mg KOH / g, or in the range from 7.5 to 300 mg KOH / g, in the range from 7.5 to 224 mg KOH / g, in the range from 20 to 200 mg KOH / g, in the range from 40 to 150 mg KOH / g, measured according to ISO 14900: 2001.
[0076] Preferably, the polyol composition of the present invention has a viscosity in the range from 5 to 5,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, for example 10 mPa*s@75℃, 20 mPa*s@75℃, 40 mPa*s@75℃, 60 mPa*s@75℃, 80 mPa*s@75℃, 100 mPa*s@75℃, 150 mPa*s@75℃, 200 mPa*s@75℃, 500 mPa*s@75℃, 600 mPa*s@75℃, 1,000 mPa*s@75℃, 2,000 mPa*s@75℃, 5,000 mPa*s@75℃, 8,000 mPa*s@75℃, 9,000 mPa*s@75℃, 10,000 mPa*s@75℃, 12,000 mPa*s@75℃, 15,000 mPa*s@75℃, 23,000 mPa*s@75℃, 50,000 mPa*s@75℃, 100,000 mPa*s@75℃, 150,000 mPa*s@75℃, 500,000 mPa*s@75℃, 1,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, 2,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, 3,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, 4,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, 5,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, or has any viscosity between these values, preferably in the range from 50-90,000 mPa*s@75℃, in the range from 100-80,000 mPa*s@75℃, in the range from 500-50,000 mPa*s@75℃, in the range from 1,000-20,000 mPa*s@75℃, in the range from 1,000-15,000 mPa*s@75℃, measured according to DIN EN 3219.
[0077] In one embodiment, the polyol composition of the present invention comprises:
[0078] a polyol component (a) having a linkage A-containing moiety, wherein linkage A is selected from a group consisting of urethane linkage and urea linkage,
[0079] wherein the polyol component (a) is bifunctional or polyfunctional,
[0080] wherein the polyol composition is obtained by reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups,
[0081] wherein the amount of amine in the polyol composition is not more than 2%by weight, prefera-bly not more than 0.5%by weight, more preferably not more than 0.1%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition.
[0082] In one embodiment, the polyol composition of the present invention comprises:
[0083] a polyol component (a) having a linkage A-containing moiety, wherein linkage A is selected from a group consisting of urethane linkage and urea linkage,
[0084] wherein the polyol component (a) is bifunctional or polyfunctional,
[0085] wherein the amount of amine in the polyol composition is not more than 2%by weight, prefera-bly not more than 0.5%by weight, more preferably not more than 0.1%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition,
[0086] wherein the polyol composition is obtained by reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, the polyurethane is a polyester polyol-based polyurethane, and the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, preferably the number aver-age molecular weight of the polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol.
[0087] Process
[0088] One aspect of the present invention relates to a process of preparing the polyol composition of the present invention, comprising the step of:
[0089] (i) reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups.
[0090] In process of the present invention, the polyurethane-containing materials useful in step (i) are the same as those disclosed above.
[0091] The transesterification reagents useful for step (i) of the process of the present invention are those mentioned above.
[0092] Step (i) of process of the present invention may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst or in the absence of a catalyst, preferably in the absence of a catalyst. When a catalyst is used in step (i) of process of the present invention, the catalyst may be selected from a group consisting of a titanium-based catalyst, and a tin-based catalyst, such as organic titanium catalyst and / or organic tin catalyst.
[0093] Examples of the titanium-based catalyst may be selected by a skilled person, such as salts, complexes or compositions of the metal titanium with an organic group. For example, the cata-lyst may be titanium tetrabutoxide.
[0094] Examples of the tin-based catalyst may comprise but not limited to: tin (II) salts of organic car-boxylic acids, e.g. tin (II) acetate, tin (II) octoate, tin (II) ethylhexanoate and tin (II) laurate, and the dialkyltin (IV) salts of organic carboxylic acids, e.g. dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibu-tyltin maleate and dioctyltin diacetate.
[0095] In process of the present invention, the amount of the catalyst used in step (i) is no more than 0.6%by weight, no more than 0.5%by weight, no more than 0.4%by weight, no more than 0.3%by weight, no more than 0.2%by weight, no more than 0.1%by weight, no more than 0.05%by weight, preferably no more than 0.01%by weight, for example no more than 0.009%by weight, no more than 0.008%by weight, no more than 0.007%by weight, no more than 0.006%by weight, no more than 0.005%by weight, no more than 0.004%by weight, no more than 0.003%by weight, no more than 0.002%by weight, no more than 0.001%by weight, pref-erably no more than 0.005%by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane-containing material and the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups used in step (i) of process of the present invention, most preferably no catalyst is added in step (i) of process of the present invention.
[0096] The temperature for carrying out step (i) of process of the present invention may be determined by a skilled person according to practical applications. For example, step (i) of process of the present invention may be carried out at a temperature in the range from 150℃ to 250℃, for example at 150℃, 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 240℃, 250℃, or at any temperature between these values, preferably in the range from 160℃ to 220℃.
[0097] The duration of step (i) of process of the present invention may be determined by a skilled per-son according to practical applications. For example, step (i) of process of the present invention may be carried out for a period in the range from 1 to 30 hours.
[0098] Step (i) of process of the present invention may be carried out in ambient atmosphere and pres-sure, such as atmospheric atmosphere and atmospheric pressure.
[0099] In one embodiment of the invention, process of the present invention comprises the step of:
[0100] (i) reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups,
[0101] wherein the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy alcohol having a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, preferably the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, more preferably the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups which has the number average molecular weight in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol;
[0102] wherein the amount of a catalyst used in step (i) is no more than 0.6%by weight, preferably no more than 0.01%by weight, preferably no more than 0.005%by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane-containing material and the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, most preferably no catalyst is used in step (i) .
[0103] In one embodiment of the invention, process of the present invention comprises the step of:
[0104] (i) reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups,
[0105] Wherein the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy alcohol having a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, preferably the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, more preferably the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups which has the number average molecular weight in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol;
[0106] wherein the amount of a catalyst used in step (i) is no more than 0.6%by weight, preferably no more than 0.01%by weight, preferably no more than 0.005%by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane-containing material and the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, most preferably no catalyst is used in step (i) ,
[0107] wherein the catalyst used in step (i) is selected from titanium tetrabutoxide and tin octoate.
[0108] Applications
[0109] The polyol composition of the present invention is obtainable from the recycling of polyurethane-containing materials, advantageously from the recycling of polyurethane-containing waste, such as those waste from the industry and the daily life, contains low amount of or no amine com-pounds and can be used directly as the raw material for the production of new polymers, espe-cially new polyurethane materials and articles, such as footwear, textiles, and other polyure-thane-containing articles, without property compromise.
[0110] In addition, the process of the present invention is applicable for recycling polyurethane materi-als together with any other ester-based polymers, including polyester polyol-based polyurethane (such as crosslinked polyurethane and thermoplastic polyurethane) , polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) , thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) , polyarylate (PAR) , polycarbonate (PC) , and the like, and is simple and easy to be carried out. This broad-ness of recycling material also enables the one-shot recycling of various articles, e.g., the foot-wear prepared with PU sole and PET fiber, without the need of any physical separation. Fur-thermore, there is little or even no hazardous aromatic diamine such as TDA and MDA formed during the process of the present invention, which removes the need for any post-purification process as compared to the glycolysis method.
[0111] Because of these advantages, the process of the present invention is useful in various applica-tions, such as in recycling footwear, textiles, and other polyurethane-containing articles. For example, the process of the present invention is useful in recycling of PU safety shoe sole or recycling of PU boots.
[0112] Recycling of PU safety shoe sole
[0113] The PU safety shoe sole material, including midsole and outsole, is based on polyester polyol-based polyurethane and can be recycled via the process of the present invention.
[0114] In an embodiment for recycling post-industrial PU safety shoe sole, the post-industrial PU safety shoe sole can be collected and processed via the following steps, without any prior physical separation:
[0115] (1) the post-industrial PU safety shoe sole is subjected to a mechanical processing for size reduction to adapt to a reactor for carrying out step (2) . The mechanical processing for size re-duction includes cutting, shredding, and milling steps. Following the mechanical processing, the obtained processed material may be treated in further steps such as washing, drying, and den-sification;
[0116] (2) the material obtained from step (1) is subjected to the process of the present invention, to obtain a product composition; and
[0117] (3) the product composition obtained from step (2) can be further re-used in the production of shoes, or other products.
[0118] In an embodiment for recycling post-consumer PU safety shoe sole, the post-consumer PU safety shoe sole needs to be physically separated from the shoes before recycling. Then the separated post-consumer PU safety shoe sole can be collected and processed via the following steps, without any prior physical separation:
[0119] (1) the separated post-consumer PU safety shoe sole is subjected to a mechanical pro-cessing for size reduction to adapt to a reactor for carrying out step (2) . The mechanical pro-cessing for size reduction includes cutting, shredding, and milling steps. Following the mechani-cal processing, the obtained processed material may be treated in further steps such as wash-ing, drying, and densification;
[0120] (2) the material obtained from step (1) is subjected to the process of the present invention, to obtain a product composition; and
[0121] (3) the product composition obtained from step (2) can be further re-used in the production of shoes, or other products.
[0122] Recycling of PU boots:
[0123] PU boots are generally made from polyester polyol-based polyurethane materials. Generally, the whole boot is composed of polyester polyol-based PU material, including the shoe sole part and upper part.
[0124] As an embodiment of the present invention for one-shot recycling of PU boot, a whole PU boot, including post-industrial PU boot and post-consumer PU boot, can be collected and processed via the following steps, without any prior physical separation:
[0125] (1) the whole PU boot is subjected to a mechanical processing for size reduction to adapt to a reactor for carrying out step (2) . The mechanical processing for size reduction includes cutting, shredding, and milling steps. Following the mechanical processing, the obtained processed ma-terial may be treated in further steps such as washing, drying, and densification;
[0126] (2) the material obtained from step (1) is subjected to the process of the present invention, to obtain a product composition; and
[0127] (3) the product composition obtained from step (2) can be further re-used in the production of shoes, or other products.
[0128] One-shot Recycling of Shoe
[0129] Recycling of shoes is complicated and expensive, mostly due to the fact that a typical shoe comprises multiple components made with different raw materials. The variety of materials in different parts of the shoe usually requires physical separation before recycling, which adds complexity and cost for recycling the shoe.
[0130] For example, a shoe to be recycled may comprise the following components:
[0131] an upper part, comprising a majority by weight of ester-based polymers, and a sole part, comprising a majority by weight of ester-based polymers,
[0132] wherein the ester-based polymers include but not limited to polyester polyol-based polyurethane (PU) , polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) , thermoplastic polyes-ter elastomer (TPEE) , polyarylate (PAR) , and polycarbonate (PC) .
[0133] The process of the present invention enables a one-shot recycling of shoes composed of differ-ent ester-based polymers without physical separation.
[0134] As an embodiment of the present invention, the shoe may be recycled via a one-shot recycling process with the following steps, without prior physical separation:
[0135] (1) the whole shoe is subjected to a mechanical processing for size reduction to adapt to a reactor for carrying out step (2) . The mechanical processing for size reduction includes cutting, shredding, and milling steps. Following the mechanical processing, the obtained processed ma-terial may be treated in further steps such as washing, drying, and densification;
[0136] (2) the material obtained from step (1) is subjected to the process of the present invention, to obtain a product composition; and
[0137] (3) the product composition obtained from step (2) can be further re-used in the production of shoes, or other products.
[0138] Examples
[0139] The present invention will be better understood in view of the following non-limiting examples.
[0140] Table 1 Materials and abbreviation
[0141] Table 2. Formulation of foam A (lab polyester polyol-based polyurethane midsole foam) .
[0142] Foam A (lab polyester polyol-based polyurethane midsole foam) preparation: Component A and Component B were mixed at an index of 100 using a stirrer with a speed of 1820 rpm for 5 s. 90 g mixture was immediately transferred to a 0.2 L mold. Afterwards, the mold was closed. After 4 min, the foam was removed from the mold and ready as a lab midsole foam sample for trans-esterification recycling.
[0143] Table 3. Formulation of foam B (lab polyester polyol-based polyurethane outsole foam) .
[0144] Foam B (lab polyester polyol-based polyurethane outsole foam) preparation: Component A and Component B were mixed at an index of 100 using a stirrer with a speed of 1820 rpm for 5 s. 200 g mixture was immediately transferred to a 0.2 L mold. Afterwards, the mold was closed. After 4 min, the foam was removed from the mold and ready as a lab outsole foam sample for transesterification recycling.
[0145] Methods
[0146] (1) Determination of acid number:
[0147] The acid number was determined according to DIN EN ISO 2114 (date: June 2002) , employing “Method A” . The reported acid number corresponds here to the total acid number specified in the DIN standard. The free acids present in the sample were titrated with a potassium hydroxide standard solution in the presence of a color indicator. The acid number corresponds to the mass of potassium hydroxide in mg that is needed to neutralize 1 g of the compound under analysis, under the conditions specified in DIN EN ISO 2114.
[0148] (2) Determination of OH number (hydroxyl number) :
[0149] The OH number was determined according to DIN 53240-2 (date: November 2007) . The OH groups were reacted by acetylation with an excess of acetic anhydride. The excess acetic an-hydride was subsequently reacted by addition of water to form acetic acid, and the entire acetic acid was back-titrated with ethanolic KOH. The OH number indicates the amount of KOH in mg that is equivalent to the amount of acetic acid bound in the acetylation of 1 g of the compound under analysis.
[0150] (3) Determination of number-average molecular weight, weight-average molecular weight and polydispersity index:
[0151] The number-average molecular weight (Mn) , weight-average molecular weight (Mw) , and poly-dispersity index (PDI) were determined by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with tetrahydrofuran as eluent and using a polystyrene standard and is based on ISO 13885-1-2020. A styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is used as column material. This method can be used to determine the polydispersity as a ratio of weight-average molecular weight (Mw) to number-average molecular weight (Mn) .
[0152] (4) Determination of viscosity
[0153] The viscosity was determined according to according to DIN EN 3219.
[0154] (5) General procedure for pre-treating PU scraps
[0155] The PU scraps to be recycled in examples were pre-treated in a series of steps. The PU scraps were subjected to a mechanical processing for size reduction to adapt to the reactor used in examples. The mechanical processing for size reduction included cutting, shredding, and milling. Following the mechanical processing, the obtained processed materials were treated in further steps such as washing, drying, and densification.
[0156] (6) Determination of contents of MDA and TDA
[0157] The contents of MDA and TDA were determined by gas chromatography (GC) by a
[0158] Thermofisher TRACE 1300 Gas Chromatography System.
[0159] The parameter details were as: Column: R-1; carrier gas: helium; Injection temperature: 200 ℃; injection volume: 1μl; flow rate: 1ml / min; split ratio: 1: 5; flame ionization detection temperature: 290 ℃.
[0160] Pathway: the standard sample (MDA or TDA) was tested as bechmark, and then the sample was tested and compared to identify the conternt of MDA and TDA.
[0161] (7) Determination of the urethane and urea linkage
[0162] The ester and urethane linkages were detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) . The NMR measurements were performed on a Bruker Avance NEO 600M NMR spectrometer. The sample was prepared as follows: dissolving approximately 100 mg sample in DMF-d7, adding relaxation reagent, mixing well, then transferring the mixture into NMR tube for 13CNMR test. The quantitative 13CNMR spectrum (NS: 512; Pulse Program: zgig; SW: 236 ppm; O1P: 100 ppm) was recorded from 18 ppm to 218 ppm at a test temperature of 298K. For the quantitative determination, a baseline correction was carried out. The full 13CNMR spectrum was shown in Figure 1. The 110-180 ppm region of the spectrum in Figure 1 was enlarged and analyzed for the specific peaks of ester and urethane linkages, as shown in Figure 2.
[0163] Figure 1 is a quantitative 13CNMR spectrum of rePESOL 8 (NS: 512; PULPROG: zgig; SW: 236 ppm; O1P: 100 ppm) recorded from 18 ppm to 218 ppm at a test temperature of 298K. Figure 2 shows 110-180 ppm region of 13CNMR spectrum of rePESOL 8 sample, with specific peaks assigned to ester linkage (171-174 ppm) and urethane linkage (154 ppm) .
[0164] Example 1:
[0165] AA+BDO → PESOL-1
[0166] PESOL-1 + TPU (1: 1) → rePESOL 1
[0167] First step: Adipic acid (642 g, 4.39 mol) and BDO (516 g, 5.73 mol) were added to a three-neck round-bottomed flask reactor and then the obtained mixture was gradually heated to 180℃ and the polycondensation started. The formed water was distilled off to shift the equilibrium reaction towards the polycondensation. Titanium tetrabutoxide (TTB) (30 ppm, 0.03 g) was added into the reaction mixture. The remaining reaction water (158 g in total) was then distilled off under reduced pressure (finally to 50 mbar) . At the end of the distillation under reduced pressure, PE-SOL-1 was obtained as a liquid product, which had an acid number below 1 mg KOH / g, an OH value of 150 mg KOH / g, and a number average molecular weight of 750 g / mol.
[0168] Second step: polyester polyol-based TPU scraps (Elastollan SP9324, 1000 g) were added to PESOL-1 from the first step (1000 g) in a three-neck round-bottomed flask and the reactor was gradually heated to 180℃, and the reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was formed (2000g in total) . The reaction en-dured for 6 h. The obtained liquid product was rePESOL 1 and can be further used as the raw material for polyurethane production. The obtained rePESOL 1 had an OH number of 72 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.9 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 3050 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 7110 g / mol, a PDI of 2.3, and a viscosity of 3918 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 1 was as follows: 372 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0169] Example 2:
[0170] PESOL-1 + PU midsole foam (1: 1) → rePESOL 2
[0171] Lab prepared polyester polyol-based PU midsole foam scraps (foam A, 1000 g) were added to PESOL-1 from the first step of Example 1 (1000 g) in a three-neck round-bottomed flask and the reactor was gradually heated to 180℃, and the reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was formed (2000g in total) . The reaction endured for 6 h. The obtained liquid product was rePESOL 2 and can be further used as the raw material for polyurethane production. The obtained rePESOL 2 had an OH number of 75 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.8 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 2050 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 4750 g / mol, a PDI of 2.3, and a viscosity of 3787 mPa s at 50 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL was as follows: 27 ppm 2, 4’-MDA, 567 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0172] Example 3:
[0173] PESOL-1 + PET + TPU (14: 3: 3) → rePESOL 3
[0174] A mixture of TPU scraps (Elastollan SP9324, 215 g) and PET scraps (215 g) were added to PESOL-1 from the first step of Example 1 (1000 g) in a three-neck round-bottomed flask and the reactor was gradually heated to 180℃, and the reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was formed (1430 g in total) . The reaction endured for 4 h. The obtained liquid product was rePESOL 3 and can be further used as the raw material for polyurethane production. The obtained rePESOL 3 had an OH number of 95 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.5 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 2740 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 6490 g / mol, a PDI of 2.4, and a viscosity of 1725 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 3 was as follows: 44 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0175] Example 4:
[0176] PESOL-1 + PET + TPU (2: 1: 1) → rePESOL 4
[0177] A mixture of TPU scraps (Elastollan SP9324, 500 g) and PET scraps (500 g) were added to PESOL-1 from the first step of Example 1 (1000 g) in a three-neck round-bottomed flask and the reactor was gradually heated to 180℃, and the reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was formed (2000 g in total) . The reaction endured for 6 h. The obtained liquid product was rePESOL 4 and can be further used as the raw material for polyurethane production. The obtained rePESOL 4 had an OH number of 50 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.9 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 3280 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 8870 g / mol, a PDI of 2.7, and a viscosity of 11525 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 4 was as follows: 274 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0178] Example 5:
[0179] AA + BDO → PESOL-2
[0180] PESOL-2 + PET + TPU (6: 7: 7) → rePESOL 5
[0181] First step: Adipic acid (306 g, 2.10 mol) and BDO (369 g, 4.10 mol) were added to a three-neck round-bottomed flask reactor and then the obtained mixture was gradually heated to 180℃ and the polycondensation started. The formed water was distilled off to shift the equilibrium reaction towards the polycondensation. Titanium tetrabutoxide (TTB) (30 ppm, 0.018 g) was added into the reaction mixture. The remaining reaction water (76 g in total) was then distilled off under reduced pressure (finally to 50 mbar) . At the end of the distillation under reduced pressure, PE-SOL-2 was obtained as a liquid product, which had an acid number below 1 mg KOH / g, OH value of 374 mg KOH / g, and a number average molecular weight of 300 g / mol.
[0182] Second step: a mixture of TPU scraps (Elastollan SP9324, 700 g) and PET scraps (700 g) were added to PESOL-2 from the first step (600 g) in a three-neck round-bottomed flask and the re-actor was gradually heated to 180℃, and the reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was formed (2000 g in total) . The reac-tion endured for 8 h. The obtained liquid product was rePESOL 5 and can be further used as the raw material for polyurethane production. The obtained rePESOL 5 had an OH number of 112 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.7 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 1780 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 4090 g / mol, a PDI of 2.3, and a viscosity of 11362 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 5 was as follows: 523 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0183] Example 6: one-shot recycling of PU / TPU / PET-based whole shoe
[0184] This example demonstrates the one-shot recycling of PU / TPU / PET-based whole shoe, without any additional physical separation process. The obtained scraps of the whole shoe were of the following composition: 20%PET fiber, 40%PU midsole foam (foam A) , 40%TPU outsole. PESOL-1 + PET + PU midsole foam + TPU (5: 1: 2: 2) → rePESOL 6
[0185] The shoe scraps, including 10%PET (200 g) , 20%PU midsole foam (foam A, 400 g) and 20%TPU (Elastollan SP9324, 400 g) , were added to PESOL-1 from the first step of Example 1 (1000 g) in a three-neck round-bottomed flask and the reactor was gradually heated to 180℃, and the reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was formed (2000 g in total) . The reaction endured for 8 h. The obtained liquid product was rePESOL 6 and can be further used as the raw material for polyurethane production. The obtained rePESOL 6 had an OH number of 60 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.9 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 2880 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 7200 g / mol, a PDI of 2.3, and a viscosity of 4868 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 6 was as follows: 18 ppm 2, 4’-MDA, 498 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0186] Example 7:
[0187] DEG + PU outsole foam (1: 3) → rePESOL 7
[0188] PESOL-based PU scraps (foam B, 1500 g) were added to DEG (500 g) in a reactor. The reac-tor was gradually heated to 200 ℃, and the transesterification reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was obtained (2000 g in total) . The reaction endured for 2 h. The remaining reagent DEG is then distilled off under a reduced pressure of 50 mbar and an increased temperature of 240 ℃ for 2 h. The obtained rePESOL 7 had an OH number of 115 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.9 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 1100 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 3260 g / mol, a PDI of 3.0, and a viscosity of 2027 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL was as follows: 275 ppm 2, 4’-MDA, 3810 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0189] Example 8:
[0190] BDO + PU outsole foam (1: 3) → rePESOL 8
[0191] PESOL-based PU scraps (foam B, 1500 g) were added to BDO (500 g) in a reactor. The reactor was gradually heated to 200 ℃, and the transesterification reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was obtained (2000 g in total) . The reaction endured for 2 h. The remaining BDO is then distilled off under a reduced pressure of 50 mbar and an increased temperature of 230 ℃ for 2 h. The obtained rePESOL 8 had an OH number of 105 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.9 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 1270 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 2670 g / mol, a PDI of 2.1, and a viscosity of 1850 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 8 was as follows: 196 ppm 2, 4’-MDA, 3055 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0192] Example 9:
[0193] BDO + PU outsole foam (1: 3) + 30 ppm catalyst → rePESOL 9
[0194] PESOL-based PU outsole scraps (foam B, 1500 g) were added to BDO (500 g) in a reactor.
[0195] The reactor was gradually heated to 200 ℃, and the transesterification reaction started. 0.06 g titanium tetrabutoxide catalyst was dosed into the reactor. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was obtained (2000 g in total) . The reac-tion endured for 2 h. The remaining BDO was then distilled off under a reduced pressure of 50 mbar and an increased temperature of 230 ℃ for 2 h. The obtained rePESOL 9 had an OH number of 121 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.9 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 1090 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 2400 g / mol, a PDI of 2.2, and a viscosity of 1644 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 9 was as follows: 320 ppm 2, 4’-MDA, 5980 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0196] Example 10:
[0197] PolyTHF 650 + PU outsole foam (1: 1) → rePESOL 10
[0198] PESOL-based PU outsole scraps (foam B, 1000 g) were added to PolyTHF 650 (1000 g) in a reactor. The reactor was gradually heated to 200 ℃, and the transesterification reaction started. The reaction was stopped until the solid scraps were fully dissolved and a liquid product was obtained (2000 g in total) . The reaction endured for 6 h. The obtained rePESOL 10 had an OH number of 96 mg KOH / g, an acid number of 0.5 mg KOH / g, a number average molecular weight of 1310 g / mol, a weight average molecular weight of 2810 g / mol, a PDI of 2.1, and a viscosity of 304 mPa s at 75 ℃. The amine content in the obtained rePESOL 10 was as follows: 13 ppm 2,4’-MDA, 284 ppm 4, 4’-MDA.
[0199] Safety shoe midsole application:
[0200] A safety shoe midsole plate was prepared by a procedure as follows:
[0201] (1) low pressure casting machine was used for the preparation of safety shoe midsole foams. Component A and Component B were added to polyol tank and iso tank, respectively. The temperature of polyol tank and iso tank was kept at 45 ℃.
[0202] (2) Component A and Component B were mixed with index of 100 with a mixing speed of 5000 rpm. The flow rate was 30 g / s. 90 g mixture was output from the machine and immediately transferred to a 0.2 L mold. The mold temperature was 60 ℃. Afterwards, the mold was closed. After 4 min, the mold was open and the foam was removed from the mold for further physical property test.
[0203] Six samples of the safety shoe midsole plate were prepared by the procedure. Component A, component B, and physical properties of each sample were provided in tables 5 and 6.
[0204] Table 5
[0205] Table 6
Claims
1.A polyol composition, comprising:a polyol component (a) having a linkage A-containing moiety, wherein linkage A is selected from a group consisting of urethane linkage and urea linkage,wherein the polyol composition is obtained by reacting a polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, andwherein the amount of amine in the polyol composition is not more than 2%by weight, pref-erably not more than 0.5%by weight, more preferably not more than 0.1%by weight, based on the weight of the polyol composition.2.The polyol composition according to claim 1, wherein the transesterification reagent contain-ing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy alcohol having a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, and a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, preferably the number average molecular weight of the polyester polyol con-taining at least 2 hydroxyl groups is in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol.3.The polyol composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyol composition has a num-ber average molecular weight in the range from 100 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 500 to 15,000 g / mol, more preferably in the range from 800 to 5,000 g / mol.4.The polyol composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polyol composition has a OH number in the range from 2.25 to 1, 122 mg KOH / g, preferably in the range from 7.5 to 224 mg KOH / g, more preferably in the range from 40 to 150 mg KOH / g.5.The polyol composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polyol composition has a viscosity in the range from 5 to 5,000,000 mPa*s@75℃, preferably in the range from 50 to 90,000 mPa*s@75℃, more preferably in the range from 1,000 to 15,000 mPa*s@75℃.6.The polyol composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyurethane is a polyester polyol-based polyurethane.7.The polyol composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyurethane-containing material further comprises an ester-based polymer component, preferably the ester-based polymer component is selected from polyesters and polycarbonates, more preferably is selected from polyesters.8.The polyol composition according to claim 7, wherein the polyester is selected from a group consisting of an aromatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, and a polylactone, more prefer-ably a group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutyl-ene terephthalate, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polylactide, and polycaprolactone.9.The polyol composition according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the ester-based polymer compo-nent is comprised in an amount of 1 to 60%by weight, preferably 20 to 55%by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane-containing material.10.The polyol composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the polyurethane-containing material comprises the polyurethane in an amount of not less than 40%by weight, preferably not less than 70%by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane-containing material.11.A process of preparing the polyol composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, com-prising the step of:(i) reacting the polyurethane-containing material with a transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups.12.The process according to claim 11, wherein no catalyst is added in step (i) .13.The process according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the transesterification reagent containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy alcohol having a molecular weight of from 60 g / mol to 500 g / mol, a polyester polyol containing at least 2 hy-droxyl groups, and a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of no more than 3,000g / mol, preferably the number average molecular weight of the polyester polyol con-taining at least 2 hydroxyl groups is in the range from 200 g / mol to 3,000 g / mol.14.The process according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein step (i) is carried out at a temperature of from 150℃ to 250℃.15.Use of the polyol composition of any one of claims 1 to 10 or the product obtained from the process of any one of claims 11 to 14, in preparing footwear, textiles, and other polyurethane-containing articles.